I.1 Noun FormsI.1 Noun Forms

1. Most nouns form their plurals by adding 1. Most nouns form their plurals by adding ss..

BoatBoat BoatsBoats

2. The plurals of nouns ending in 2. The plurals of nouns ending in s, sh, s, sh, ch, x, ch, x, and and zz are formed by adding are formed by adding eses..

BoxBox Boxes Boxes FlashFlashFlashesFlashes

3. Nouns ending in 3. Nouns ending in y,y, preceded by a preceded by a consonant, form their plurals by changing consonant, form their plurals by changing the the yy to to ii and adding and adding eses

CityCity CitiesCities BabyBaby BabiesBabies

4. For nouns ending in 4. For nouns ending in y,y, preceded by a preceded by a vowel (vowel (a,e,i,o,ua,e,i,o,u), just add an ), just add an ss to form to form their plurals.their plurals.

ToyToy ToysToys DayDay DaysDays

5. Most nouns ending in 5. Most nouns ending in oo add anadd an s s to form their to form their plurals.plurals.

RodeoRodeo Rodeos Rodeos RadioRadio RadiosRadios

6. The plurals of most nouns ending in 6. The plurals of most nouns ending in ff are made are made by adding an by adding an ss..

StaffStaff Staffs Staffs ChiefChief ChiefsChiefs

7. Some nouns ending in7. Some nouns ending in f f or or fefe, however, form , however, form their plurals by changing the their plurals by changing the ff or or fefe to to veve and and adding an adding an ss..

ElfElf ElvesElves LifeLife LivesLives

8. For nouns ending in 8. For nouns ending in lflf, , change the change the lflf to to veve and add an and add an ss. .

Shelf Shelves Wolf WolvesShelf Shelves Wolf Wolves

9. Some nouns use the same word in the 9. Some nouns use the same word in the singular and the plural. Memorize them. singular and the plural. Memorize them. They They DO NOT DO NOT change from singular to change from singular to plural.plural.

fish deer sheep cattle trout fish deer sheep cattle trout moosemoose series series offspringoffspring

10. There are a few nouns in which the 10. There are a few nouns in which the plural is formed in an irregular manner and plural is formed in an irregular manner and spelled differently from the singular. spelled differently from the singular. Memorize these common words:Memorize these common words:

men women children geese mice men women children geese mice teeth oxen octopi larvae teeth oxen octopi larvae

11. Here are some other nouns that form 11. Here are some other nouns that form their plurals in irregular manners:their plurals in irregular manners:

octopus ---- octopuses or octopioctopus ---- octopuses or octopi

cactus ---- cactuses or cacticactus ---- cactuses or cacti

appendix--- appendixes or appendicesappendix--- appendixes or appendices

alumnus ---- alumnialumnus ---- alumni

crisis -------- crisescrisis -------- crises

analysis----- analysesanalysis----- analyses

Guided PracticeGuided PracticeBook Book BooksBooks

Class Class ClassesClasses

Church Church ChurchesChurches

Boy Boy BoysBoys

Lullaby Lullaby LullabiesLullabies

Puff Puff PuffsPuffs

Tomato Tomato TomatoesTomatoes

Loaf Loaf LoavesLoaves

Piano Piano PianosPianos

Choose the sentence that contains an Choose the sentence that contains an errorerror..

A.A. Can anyone name the states in Can anyone name the states in America?America?

B. Bushs along the roadside were turning green.

C. The waves crashed into the ocean. D. There were many kinds of potatoes

in the supermarket.

.

Choose the sentence that contains Choose the sentence that contains an an errorerror..

A. Can anyone name the states in A. Can anyone name the states in America?America?

B. Bushes along the roadside were turning green.

C. The waves crashed into the ocean.

D. There were many kinds of potatoes in the supermarket

Choose the sentence that Choose the sentence that is written is written correctlycorrectly. .

A.A. She caught three flys in the trap. She caught three flys in the trap.

B.B. Both toweles were wet.Both toweles were wet.

C.C. I trimmed the bushs last week.I trimmed the bushs last week.

D.D. The waves were four feet high.The waves were four feet high.

Choose the sentence that is Choose the sentence that is written written correctlycorrectly..

A. She caught three A. She caught three fliesflies in the trap. in the trap.

B. Both B. Both towelstowels were wet. were wet.

C. I trimmed the C. I trimmed the bushesbushes last week. last week.

D. The waves were four feet high.D. The waves were four feet high.

Choose the sentence that Choose the sentence that is written is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. He hid the dollar billes between the pages. He hid the dollar billes between the pages.

B.B. I reserved two rows of bleachers for us. I reserved two rows of bleachers for us.

C.C. Who invited the firemans and police Who invited the firemans and police officers?officers?

D.D. The oxes grazed on grass in the field.The oxes grazed on grass in the field.

Choose the sentence that is Choose the sentence that is written written correctlycorrectly..

A. He hid the dollar A. He hid the dollar billsbills between the between the pages. pages.

B. I reserved two rows of bleachers for us.B. I reserved two rows of bleachers for us.

C. Who invited the C. Who invited the firemenfiremen and police and police officers?officers?

D. The D. The oxenoxen grazed on grass in the field. grazed on grass in the field.

Choose the sentence that Choose the sentence that contains an contains an errorerror. .

A. Three players from different citys A. Three players from different citys

qualified. qualified.

B. Joann wrote letters to the officials.B. Joann wrote letters to the officials.

C. The brothers-in-law talked about C. The brothers-in-law talked about

football. football.

D. All the women met at the café. D. All the women met at the café.

Choose the sentence that Choose the sentence that contains an contains an errorerror..

A.A. Three players from different Three players from different citiescities qualified. qualified.

B.B. Joann wrote letters to the officials.Joann wrote letters to the officials.

C.C. The brothers-in-law talked about The brothers-in-law talked about football. football.

D.D. All the women met at the café. All the women met at the café.

1. Choose the sentence 1. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an error.error.

A. Bottles and cartons filled the trash. A. Bottles and cartons filled the trash. B. The foxs chased the rabbits. B. The foxs chased the rabbits. C. Riches and wealth cannot replace C. Riches and wealth cannot replace

friendship. friendship. D. Stars filled the skies.D. Stars filled the skies.

1. Choose the sentence 1. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an error.error.

A. Bottles and cartons filled the A. Bottles and cartons filled the trash. trash.

B. The B. The foxesfoxes chased the rabbits. chased the rabbits. C. Riches and wealth cannot replace C. Riches and wealth cannot replace

friendship.friendship.D. Stars filled the skies.D. Stars filled the skies.

2. Choose the sentence 2. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A. Two bakers made five pies.A. Two bakers made five pies. B. The sentence contained dashes.B. The sentence contained dashes. C. Only geniuses qualified for C. Only geniuses qualified for

scholarships. scholarships. D. I received faxs and phone calls.D. I received faxs and phone calls.

2. Choose the sentence 2. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A. Two bakers made five pies.A. Two bakers made five pies. B. The sentence contained dashesB. The sentence contained dashes C. Only geniuses qualified for C. Only geniuses qualified for

scholarships. scholarships. D. I received D. I received faxesfaxes and phone calls. and phone calls.

3. Choose the sentence 3. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A.A. Two tomatoes were ripe on the vine.Two tomatoes were ripe on the vine.

B.B. The wild wolfs traveled in the pack.The wild wolfs traveled in the pack.

C.C. The board is ten foot long.The board is ten foot long.

D.D. Floyd Nash met with the other Nashs Floyd Nash met with the other Nashs in his family. in his family.

3. Choose the sentence 3. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A. Two tomatoes were ripe on the A. Two tomatoes were ripe on the vine.vine.

B. The wild B. The wild wolveswolves traveled in the traveled in the pack.pack.

C. The board is ten C. The board is ten feetfeet long. long.

D. Floyd Nash met with the other D. Floyd Nash met with the other NashesNashes in his family.in his family.

4. Choose the sentence 4. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A. I counted twenty sheeps.A. I counted twenty sheeps. B. I have two penciles. B. I have two penciles. C. How many species of trees are in the C. How many species of trees are in the

forest?forest?D. We calculated radioes during the D. We calculated radioes during the

experiment.experiment.

4. Choose the sentence 4. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A. A. I counted twenty I counted twenty sheepsheep..

B. B. I have two I have two pencilspencils. .

C. C. How many species of trees are in How many species of trees are in the forest?the forest?

D. D. We calculated We calculated radiosradios during the during the experiment.experiment.

5. Choose the sentence 5. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A.A. These steak knifes are not very sharp. These steak knifes are not very sharp.

B.B. I saw several meese grazing in the I saw several meese grazing in the field. field.

C.C. Only lead actors will sing solos in the Only lead actors will sing solos in the musicmusic

D.D. Load the dishs in the dishwasher. Load the dishs in the dishwasher.

5. Choose the sentence 5. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. These steak These steak knivesknives are not very are not very sharp. sharp.

B.B. I saw several I saw several moosemoose grazing in the grazing in the field. field.

C.C. Only lead actors will sing solos in Only lead actors will sing solos in the musical.the musical.

D.D. Load the Load the dishesdishes in the dishwasher. in the dishwasher.

6. Choose the sentence 6. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A.A. Modern heros are seldom recognizable.Modern heros are seldom recognizable.

B.B. Many snakes eat mice.Many snakes eat mice.

C.C. The rotten food attracted flyes. The rotten food attracted flyes.

D.D. There are many Peachtree Streetes in There are many Peachtree Streetes in Atlanta. Atlanta.

6. Choose the sentence 6. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. Modern Modern heroesheroes are seldom are seldom recognizable.recognizable.

B.B. Many snakes eat mice.Many snakes eat mice.

C.C. The rotten food attracted The rotten food attracted fliesflies. .

D.D. There are many Peachtree There are many Peachtree StreetsStreets in in Atlanta.Atlanta.

7. Choose the sentence 7. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. In colonial days, oxes and mules In colonial days, oxes and mules pulled plows. pulled plows.

B.B. I had extra keyes made so we can I had extra keyes made so we can each have one. each have one.

C.C. Do cats really have nine lifes?Do cats really have nine lifes?D.D. It is rare for all the offspring to It is rare for all the offspring to

survive. survive.

7. Choose the sentence 7. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. In colonial days, In colonial days, oxenoxen and mules pulled and mules pulled plows. plows.

B.B. I had extra I had extra keyskeys made so we can each made so we can each have one. have one.

C.C. Do cats really have nine Do cats really have nine liveslives??D.D. It is rare for all the offspring to survive.It is rare for all the offspring to survive.

8. Choose the sentence 8. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A. The mother deer and two baby deers A. The mother deer and two baby deers crossed crossed the road. the road.

B. The shelfs fell off the wall.B. The shelfs fell off the wall.

C. The daughter-in-laws planned the C. The daughter-in-laws planned the party. party.

D. Molly is a popular name, so I know D. Molly is a popular name, so I know several Mollys.several Mollys.

..

8. Choose the sentence 8. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly..

A.A. The mother deer and two baby The mother deer and two baby deerdeer crossed the road. crossed the road.

B.B. The The shelvesshelves fell off the wall. fell off the wall.

C.C. The The daughters-in-lawdaughters-in-law planned the planned the party. party.

D.D. Molly is a popular name, so I know Molly is a popular name, so I know several Mollys.several Mollys.

9. Choose the sentence 9. Choose the sentence that is written that is written correctlycorrectly. .

A.A. Two Santa Clauses showed up at the Two Santa Clauses showed up at the Christmas party. Christmas party.

B.B. They rewarded the childs by They rewarded the childs by ordering pizza.ordering pizza.

C.C. The scientists performed the test The scientists performed the test analysises early that morning.analysises early that morning.

D.D. Six Hutchs in the Hutch family Six Hutchs in the Hutch family attended the party. attended the party.

10. Choose the sentence 10. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A.A. I know four out of five Cases in the I know four out of five Cases in the Case family. Case family.

B.B. It rained for two days. It rained for two days.

C.C. Children played the parts of the elfs. Children played the parts of the elfs.

D.D. Firemen from the three counties Firemen from the three counties rushed to the fire. rushed to the fire.

10. Choose the sentence 10. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A. I know four out of five Cases in A. I know four out of five Cases in the Case family. the Case family.

B. It rained for two days. B. It rained for two days.

C. Children played the parts of the C. Children played the parts of the elveselves. .

D. Firemen from the three counties D. Firemen from the three counties rushed to the fire.rushed to the fire.

11. Choose the sentence 11. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A.A. We caught three trouts in the We caught three trouts in the stream. stream.

B.B. His two front teeth were loosened. His two front teeth were loosened. C.C. She returned the videos to the rental She returned the videos to the rental

store. store. D.D. The account number contained The account number contained

several nines. several nines.

11. Choose the sentence 11. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A. We caught three A. We caught three trouttrout in the in the stream.stream.

B. His two front teeth were loosened. B. His two front teeth were loosened. C. She returned the videos to the C. She returned the videos to the

rental store. rental store. D. The account number contained D. The account number contained

several nines.several nines.

12. Choose the sentence 12. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A.A. Appendices are usually found in books. Appendices are usually found in books.

B.B. The newspaper had two different The newspaper had two different editors-in-chief. editors-in-chief.

C.C. The students used scissors to cut out The students used scissors to cut out designs. designs.

D.D. The mosquito larvaes swam in the The mosquito larvaes swam in the shallow pond. shallow pond.

12. Choose the sentence 12. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A.A. Appendices are usually found in books. Appendices are usually found in books.

B.B. The newspaper had two different The newspaper had two different editors-in-chief. editors-in-chief.

C.C. The students used scissors to cut out The students used scissors to cut out designs. designs.

D.D. The mosquito The mosquito larvaelarvae swam in the swam in the shallow pond. shallow pond.

13. Choose the sentence 13. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A.A. Poplar Way is a common street Poplar Way is a common street name. name.

B.B. The wind removed shingles from The wind removed shingles from the rooves. the rooves.

C.C. Your actions should mirror your Your actions should mirror your beliefs. beliefs.

D.D. I lost both the memos. I lost both the memos.

13. Choose the sentence 13. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A.A. Poplar Way is a common street Poplar Way is a common street name. name.

B.B. The wind removed shingles from The wind removed shingles from the the roofsroofs. .

C.C. Your actions should mirror your Your actions should mirror your beliefs. beliefs.

D.D. I lost both the memos. I lost both the memos.

14. Choose the sentence 14. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A.A. The new cellular phones have color The new cellular phones have color screens. screens.

B.B. Of the bookes we read, Of the bookes we read, HatchetHatchet was was my favorite. my favorite.

C.C. Two octopi fought over the clam. Two octopi fought over the clam.

D.D. The team decided to practice without The team decided to practice without the coach. the coach.

14. Choose the sentence 14. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A.A. The new cellular phones have color The new cellular phones have color screens. screens.

B.B. Of the Of the booksbooks we read, Hatchet was we read, Hatchet was my favorite. my favorite.

C.C. Two octopi fought over the clam. Two octopi fought over the clam. D.D. The team decided to practice The team decided to practice

without the coach.without the coach.

15. Choose the sentence 15. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror. .

A. All sofas and love seats are on A. All sofas and love seats are on sale now. sale now.

B.B. Several crisises occurred at once. Several crisises occurred at once. C. One Lacy Department Store is C. One Lacy Department Store is

closing. closing. D. Wolves at the zoo ate varieties D. Wolves at the zoo ate varieties

of meat. of meat.

15. Choose the sentence 15. Choose the sentence that contains an that contains an errorerror..

A.A. All sofas and love seats are on All sofas and love seats are on sale now. sale now.

B.B. Several Several crisescrises occurred at once. occurred at once. C.C. One Lacy Department Store is One Lacy Department Store is

closing. closing. D.D. Wolves at the zoo ate varieties of Wolves at the zoo ate varieties of

meat. meat.

GradingGrading

1- 931- 93 8- 478- 47

2- 872- 87 9- 409- 40

3- 80 3- 80 10- 3310- 33

4- 734- 73 11- 2711- 27

5- 675- 67 12- 2012- 20

6- 606- 60 13- 1313- 13

7- 537- 53 14- 714- 7

ASSIGNMENTS:ASSIGNMENTS:

The Darwin Awards, for those not familiar, are for those , for those not familiar, are for those individuals who contribute to the survival of the fittest by individuals who contribute to the survival of the fittest by eliminating themselves from the gene pool before they have eliminating themselves from the gene pool before they have a chance to breed.a chance to breed.

A true story out of San Francisco: It seems a man, wanting to A true story out of San Francisco: It seems a man, wanting to rob a downtown Bank of America, walked into the branch rob a downtown Bank of America, walked into the branch and wrote "This iz a stikkup. Put all your muny in this bag." and wrote "This iz a stikkup. Put all your muny in this bag." While standing in line, waiting to give his note to the teller, While standing in line, waiting to give his note to the teller, he began to worry that someone had seen him write the he began to worry that someone had seen him write the note and might call the police before he reached the teller note and might call the police before he reached the teller window. So he left the Bank of America and crossed the window. So he left the Bank of America and crossed the street to Wells Fargo. After waiting a few minutes in line, he street to Wells Fargo. After waiting a few minutes in line, he handed his note to the Wells Fargo teller. She read it and, handed his note to the Wells Fargo teller. She read it and, surmising from his spelling errors that he was not the surmising from his spelling errors that he was not the brightest light in the harbor, told him that she could not brightest light in the harbor, told him that she could not accept his stick up note because it was written on a Bank of accept his stick up note because it was written on a Bank of America deposit slip and that he would either have to fill out America deposit slip and that he would either have to fill out a Wells Fargo deposit slip or go back to Bank of America. a Wells Fargo deposit slip or go back to Bank of America. Looking somewhat defeated, the man said "Ok" and left. Looking somewhat defeated, the man said "Ok" and left. The Wells Fargo teller then called the police who arrested The Wells Fargo teller then called the police who arrested the man a few minutes later, as he was waiting in line back the man a few minutes later, as he was waiting in line back at Bank of America.at Bank of America.