‘place-based’ effects: a northern perspective dr andy pike
Post on 20-Dec-2015
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‘Place-based’ effects: A Northern Perspective
Composition versus place-based effects
Encouraging greater sensitivity to place
What difference does place make?- Business start-ups
Why does place make spatial disparities matter?
Composition versus place-based effects
Competing explanations for spatial disparities:
Composition (‘sorting’) effects: heterogeneous
individuals or firms being in different places
Versus
place-based effects: differences in outcomes for identical
individuals or firms in different places
Composition versus place-based effects
Different implications for policy:
Composition effects dominant?: focus on why places are
different and whether (or not) this matters
Place-based effects significant?: focus on processes
resulting in identical individuals having different outcomes
depending on their location and whether (or not) policy
might change this
Encouraging greater sensitivity to place
Geography of place
Institutions and social context
Role of history
VAT registrations per 10,000 resident adults ranked by Local Authority Area, 2005
Wansbeck 14
South Tyneside 14
Carrickfergus 14
Easington 15
Barrow-in-Furness
15
Redcar and Cleveland UA
16
Blyth Valley 16
Middlesbrough UA
17
Neath Port Talbot 17
Inverclyde 17
Source: Calculated from Small Business Service Analytical Unit Data
Why does place make spatial disparities matter?
Deeper understanding of their context and nature
Stronger explanation of their causes, extent and consequences
Normative dimension: Beyond the (national) efficiency versus (spatial) equity trade-off?
GDP per head (PPS) in Member States and Regional Extremes, 2004
Source: European Commission (2007) Growing Regions, Growing Europe: Fourth Report on Economic and Social Cohesion Report, CEC: Brussels
Source: Martin, R. (2008) ‘National Growth Versus Spatial Equality? A Cautionary Note on the New ‘Trade-Off’ Thinking in Regional Policy Discourse’, Regional Science Policy and Practice
Donor-recipient policy model
Growing region
Lagging region
Lagging region
Source: Pike, Rodríguez-Pose and Tomaney (2006)