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Description

Basis of Selection

Material of construction

Relevant Codes & Standards

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Pipe & Tube Pressure tight cylinder used to convey a fluid or to transmit a

fluid pressure, ordinarily designated pipe in applicable material specifications .Materials designated tube or tubing in the specifications .Materials designated tube or tubing in the specifications are treated as pipe when intended for pressure service.

PIPING ASSEMBLIESAssemblies of piping components is used to mix, distribute, separate,

discharge ,Meter & control the fluid flows.

4CODES AND SCOPE

There are different kinds of codes. The following are the commonly used codes for piping:

ASME B31.1 – Power piping ASME B31.3 – Process piping.

Scope of B31.3:• This code is developed considering piping • This code is developed considering piping typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, and cryogenic plants.

5APPLICATIONS

This code applies to piping for all fluids, including:

Raw, intermediate & finished chemicals. Petroleum products Gas, steam, air, & water. Fluidised solids. Refrigerants & Cryogenic fluids.

6TYPES

Seamless - For Ex. In ASTM A106 we covers upto 48”

Electric welded by resistance (Pr. With Electric) (ERW)

Longitudinal seam submerged-arc welded(SAW)

Gas metal arc welded (GMAW)

Combination of gas metal & submerged-arc weld

Double seam submerged-arc welded (DSAW)

Double seam gas metal arc welded

Helical seam submerged-arc welded

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Socket weld: • It is normally used in small bore <2”

Thread type: • It is normally used in small bore <2” like instruments & fire hazard area (Galvanised)instruments & fire hazard area (Galvanised)

Butt weld: • It is the best type for pipe joining. It is used in >1 1/2”.

•High pr. & corrosive liquids this type is used for all sizes.

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Fluid service

Pressure

Temperature

Mechanical properties Tensile strength Ultimate strength % of Elongation

Corrosion allowances

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Prime classification:

Ferrous Non-ferrous Non-ferrous

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Ex: CS – A53 CS - A106 API 5L LTCS - A333 ALLOY - A335 ALLOY - A335 SS - A312

TP304 TP304L TP321H TP316L

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ASTM A106

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ASTM A333

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Where t = PD____ 2(SE+PY)

tm = PD +C2(SE+PY)

– Ref. ASME B36.10 to find the wall thk. Of CS & Alloy steel

– Ref. ASME B36.19 to find the wall thk. Of SS

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Where

P = Design pressure D = Outside diameter S = Allowable stress appendix A E = Joint quality factor as defined in 302 3.4 Y = Coefficient from 304.1.1

C = C1+C2 C1 = Corrosion allowance C2 = Depth of thread (used only upto 1 ½” NB)

tm = Mill tolerance ex. 12.5% for ASTM A106 0.3mm for ASTM 672

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Temperature limits of the material, Refer ASME B31.3 in Table A-1 (page 155)

Ex.

Material Temp. oC

ASTM A106 Gr.B -29 to 425

ASTM A53 Gr.B -29 to 425

API 5L A25 -29 to 186

LTCS A333 Gr.6 -46 to 425

Alloy A335 Gr.P2 -29 to 537

ASTM A312 TP304L -254 to 815

ASTM A312 TP321H -184 to 537

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-425

-300

-29

-29

815

537

425

425

ASTM A312 TP304L

ASTM A312 TP321H

ASTM A53 Gr.B

ASTM A333 GR 6

-29

-29

-29

537

186

425

-600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000

ASTM A335 GR P22

API 5L A25

ASTM A106 Gr.B

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PVC - POLYVINYL CHLORIDE

CPVC - CHLORINATED PVC

PTFE - POLY TETRA FLUORO ETHYLENE

RTRP - REINFORCED THERMO SETTING RESIN PLASTIC

FRP - FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC

PP - POLY PROPYLENE

GRP - GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC

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Chemical Composition (ASTM A751)

Heat Analysis Product Analysis Carbon Equivalent

Mechanical Testing (ASTM A370)

Tension Test Bend Test Flattening Test Hardness Test Flaring Test

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Tension Test

Yield Strength Tensile strength Elongation Reduction of Area Reduction of Area

Hardness Test

Brinell Test Rockwell Test Vickers Test

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Hydrostatic Test

Visual Inspection

Non Destructive Electric Test

Metallography (ASTM E&7)

Corrosion Test

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