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Pesticides • Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? • Pros and Cons… • Pesticide Treadmill • Circle of Poison

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Page 1: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Pesticides

• Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have???

• Pros and Cons…• Pesticide Treadmill• Circle of Poison

Page 2: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Pesticides – Let‘s Practice

1. An integrated pest-management approach to pest control emphasizes which of the following?

a. Eradication of the pest populationb. Reliance on spraying broad-spectrum pesticidesc. Reduction of crop damage to an economically

tolerable leveld. Use of plant monocultures to simplify sprayinge. Elimination of the use of second-generation

pesticides.

Page 3: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Pesticides – Let’s Practice

2. An insect population in an agriculture field is affected by monthly applications of a pesticide but soon begins to increase in population. A likely cause of the overall increase in the insect population over time isa. An increase in the population of insect predatorsb. An increase in average temperature over the

summerc. An increase in soil salinityd. The survival of increase ing numbers of resistant

insects.

Page 4: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Pesticides – Let’s Practice

3. Which of the following practices is consistent with the production of organic crops according to the U. S. Department of Agriculture?a. Using sodium nitrate as a fertilizer on green leafy vegetables.b. Using strychnine to prevent buildup of aphid population s in

field cropsc. Using chemicals known as pheromones to disrupt insect

mating cyclesd. Using genetically modified plant varieties that kill insects

that chew their leaves.

Page 5: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Pesticides – Let’s Practice

4. Although the use of DDT was banned in the United States in 1972, a test of the body tissue of an average U.S. resident today would most likely reveal the presence of DDT becausea. DDT is the breakdown product of some newer

pesticides on the marketb. DDT is water solublec. Other countries that export produce to the U.S. still

use DDTd. Many farmers in the U.S. are still using DDT illegally.

Page 6: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Sewage Treatment

Physical and biological treatment Physical and biological treatment

Page 7: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading
Page 8: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading
Page 9: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Thirsty Anyone?

Page 10: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Let’s Practice

Which of the following components of a wastewater treatment plant is designed to facilitate the decomposition of organic material by aerobic microorganisms?a. Activated –sludge tankb. Grit-settling tankc. Chlorination tankd. Ultraviolet-light array

Page 11: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• Facts to know:– Which country generates the most solid waste per

capita?– Which country is second in generating the most

solid waste per capita?– Every man, woman, and child in the U.S. produces

an average of ______ pounds of solid waste per day.

– That corresponds to a total of ________tons of solid waste in the year 2000.

Page 12: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• Describe the plight of the garbage barge and tugboat Break of Dawn.

• Describe the plight of the Bahamian ship Khian Sea.• Distinguish between municipal solid waste and non-

municipal solid waste.• Which of the two types of solid waste in question #5

is generated most?• List the composition of municipal solid waste and

the per cent for each category.

Page 13: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• Identify 4 ways to dispose of solid waste.• What are 4 problems that open dumps have

that sanitary landfills do not have to the same extent.

• What is leachate?• Describe a sanitary landfill.

Page 14: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• What happens to the waste in a state that has more solid waste than it can handle?

• What are factors that determine the location of an “ideal” sanitary landfill.

• List AND explain four problems with sanitary landfills.• What is NIMBY?• How long does a sanitary landfill have to be monitored

after it is closed?• What are two materials that represent special

problems for sanitary landfills.

Page 15: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• What is photodegradable?• What is biodegradable • Give two positive things that are accomplished

with solid waste is incinerated (burned).• What is a waste–to-energy incinerator?• Why should batteries, thermostats, and

fluorescent lights be removed before burning?

Page 16: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Solid Waste

• What are the pros and cons of burning paper?• What are the pros and cons of burning

plastics?• What are the pros of burning tires?• What type of air pollutants do incinerators

possibly produce?

Page 17: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

Love’s Canal• Landfill near Niagara Falls, NY• Hooker Chemicals and Plastics Corporation put wastes

in abandoned canal, covered it, deeded 16 acres to Niagara Falls Board of Education in 1953.

• Elementary school built on site; houses built around school

• 1976—chemicals leaking into basements• Environmental emergency declared in 1978• State and federal gov’ts bought >500 contaminated

houses in 1980; 1989 people began to return

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXSE9kcBQCI
Page 18: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Hazardous (toxic waste) – any discarded chemical that threatens human health or the environment– 1% of the solid waste in the U.S.– May be solids, liquids, or gases– Includes chemical that are dangerously reactive, corrosive,

explosive or toxic ---- more 700,00 different chemicals are known to exist

– Only 7% of the 3,000 chemicals used in large quantities have been tested for health and environmental effects

– The greatest threat to human health from toxic waste sites comes from drinking water laced with toxic contaminants.

– Table 23.1 --examples

Page 19: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Dioxins– What are they?– Human sources?– Natural sources?– How are they transferred?– Effects?

Page 20: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• PCB’s– What are they?– Uses?– Effects?– Properties that make them useful in industry?– How are they transferred?– They have been banned by the EPA. Why are they still

a problem?– How can they be destroyed? List 3 ways.

•

Page 21: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Management of Hazardous Waste– Emergency Response Notification System (ERNS)– Principle of inherent safety – industrial processes

are redesigned to involve less toxic material so that dangerous accidents are prevented

– Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

•

Page 22: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Instructs EPA to identify which is hazardous and to provide guidelines and standards to states for hazardous waste management programs.

• Bans hazardous waste from land disposal unless it has been treated to meet EPA’s standards of reduced toxicity.

Page 23: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

• Commonly known as the Superfund Act• Established a program to tackle the huge

challenge of cleaning up abandoned and illegal toxic waste sites across the United States.

• •

Page 24: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

– A piece of industrial or commercial property that is abandoned or underused and often environmentally contaminated, and could be considered as a potential site for redevelopment is know as a brownfield.

– Estimates run as high as 400,000 seriously contaminated sites in the United States, not counting military bases and nuclear weapons facilities.

Page 25: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

– Superfund National Priorities List – sites that pose the greatest threat to public health.

– Of the 1400 sites on the Superfund National Priority List, only about 250 have been clean up and 656 other sites have been partially cleaned up.

– There is urgency to clean up these sites because of the growth of cities in rural dump sites.

– Federal government, current land owners, prior owners, anyone who has dumped waste on the site, and anyone who has transported waste to a particular site share in the cost.

Page 26: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• Bioremediation – the use of bacteria and other microorganisms to break down hazardous waste

• Phytoremediation – the use of plants to absorb and accumulate toxic material from the soil.

• Three keys ways to manage current toxic waste– source reduction

• environmental chemistry – green chemistry– conversion to less hazardous materials

• using high heat – long-term storage

• uses several layers of clay and high density plastic liners at the bottom of the landfill

Page 27: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

HAZADORUS WASTE!!!!

• International waste management – hazardous waste is transported to developing

countries.– Basel Convention (1992)– formed to restrict the

international transport of hazardous waste.• Integrated waste management – The 3 “R”• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle• Throw- away society– high input society– voluntary simplicity

Page 28: Pesticides Let’s look at the reading guide…. What questions do you have??? Pros and Cons… Pesticide Treadmill Circle of Poison Let’s look at the reading

Let’s Practice

1.Most municipal solid waste in the United States is disposed of ina. The oceansb. Sanitary landfillsc. Open dumpsd. Abandoned mines


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