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Let’s look at the Earth

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Let’s look at the Earth. The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers. The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers. The Crust: A Thin Rock Material. The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers. The Mantle: A Dense and Mostly Solid Rock Material. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Let’s look at the Earth

Let’s look at the Earth

Page 2: Let’s look at the Earth

The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers

Page 3: Let’s look at the Earth

The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers

The Crust:A Thin Rock Material

Page 4: Let’s look at the Earth

The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers

The Mantle:A Dense and Mostly Solid Rock Material

Page 5: Let’s look at the Earth

The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers

The Outer Core:Liquid Iron and Nickel

Page 6: Let’s look at the Earth

The Inside of the Earth is made of Several Layers

The Inner Core:Solid Iron and Nickel

Page 7: Let’s look at the Earth

How Do We Know This?

The Outer Core:Liquid Iron and Nickel

The Inner Core:Solid Iron and Nickel

The Mantle:A Dense and Mostly Solid Rock Material

The Crust:A Thin Rock Material

Page 8: Let’s look at the Earth

Why do the layers of the earth float on one another?

DENSITY

!!!!!

Page 9: Let’s look at the Earth

Density determines a layer’s location!

Why does any layer float?• It is less dense than the one

under it!

Why does any layer sink?• It is more dense than the one

above it!

Page 10: Let’s look at the Earth

Density

Page 11: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Page 12: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

We know the surface of the Earth is covered with Rocks

Page 13: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

The Land is covered mostly by a type of rock called

Granite

(density of Granite = 2.6 gm/cm3)

Page 14: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

The Ocean is mostly covered by a type of rock called Basalt

(density of Granite = 3.3 gm/cm3)

The Land is covered mostly by a type of rock called

Granite

(density of Granite = 2.6 gm/cm3)

Page 15: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Granite = 2.7 gm/cm3

Basalt = 3.3 gm/cm3

Neither of these Rocks is dense enough to account for

the density of the Earth

Page 16: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Granite = 2.7 gm/cm3

Basalt = 3.3 gm/cm3

Iron has a density of 7.9 gm/cm3

Page 17: Let’s look at the Earth

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Granite = 2.7 gm/cm3

Basalt = 3.3 gm/cm3

Iron has a density of 7.9 gm/cm3

So we believe the inside of the Earth is made of a heavy element

such as Iron or Nickel(density of Nickel = 8.9 gm/cm3)

Page 18: Let’s look at the Earth

Density of Rocks 3 gm/cm3

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Page 19: Let’s look at the Earth

Density of Rocks 3 gm/cm3

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Density of Iron/Nickel 8 gm/cm3

Page 20: Let’s look at the Earth

Earth's Interior Structure

Average density

CrustMantleCore

5.5 g/cm3

3 g/cm3

5 g/cm3

11 g/cm3

Page 21: Let’s look at the Earth

Earth must have been molten once, allowing denser material to sink, as it started to cool and solidify.

Density increases with depth !

Page 22: Let’s look at the Earth

Density of Rocks 3 gm/cm3

The Density of Earth is 5.53 gm/cm3

Density of Iron/Nickel 8 gm/cm3

So we believe about ½ the Earth is a Rock-like material and the other ½ a heavy metal such as iron and nickel

The density of the Earth will be the average of the two:

5.52

38

5.52

38


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