perspectives on food integrity management - ifwrc · 9/12/2019 · farm storage processing...

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Perspectives on food integrity management

2019 Food and Water Summit

Dr. Abigail Stevenson, Director of Mars Global Food Safety Center

September 12, 2019

Singapore


Collaborate with the Chinese

government promote food

safety and realize Healthy

China 2030 by sharing best

practices and research findings

Promote food safety

throughout the industry by

leveraging GFSC’s knowledge

for external communications

and training

Conduct collaborative research

in areas of critical challenge for

the food industry

Work together with NGOs to

extend our reach beyond the

food industry, sharing

capabilities and additional

perspective

3

The Mars Global Food Safety Center

One of the first food industry pre-competitive food safety institutions

Government IndustryResearch NGOs

Copyright © 2019 Mars, Incorporated — Confidential4 4

Metal, glass, plastic particle, human hair, etc.

Antibiotics, pesticides, mineral oil, etc.

Allergen, microbial risk, etc.

Deliberate / intentional substitution, addition, tampering, or misrepresentation of food, food ingredients, or food packaging

IntroductionFood integrity challenges

Physical hazards

Chemical hazards

Biological hazards

Food fraud


Introduction

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Farm Storage Processing Packaging Distribution Retail Consumption

Food Integrity

Vulnerability assessment, risk management & real time surveillance

Ensuring food integrity

Cited and modified from Paul Brereton’s presentation: The concept of Food Integrity: what does it mean and what are the scientific challenges that it poses?”


Introduction

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Technical approaches to food integrity management

Fast screening technique:

⚫ Imaging technique

⚫ FT-IR spectroscopy

⚫ NIR spectroscopy

⚫ Raman spectroscopy

Sophisticated laboratory based technique:

⚫ LC-MS

⚫ GC-MS

⚫ ICP-MS

⚫ NMR spectroscopy

⚫ Sequencing technique

Food integrity


Physical hazards

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Case study: Plastic particles

Challenges in plastic particle detection:• Various types made from different materials• Various sizes and shapes

Technical approaches:Three-tier analytical toolboxCombination of rapid screening method with sophisticated laboratory based methods

Rapid screening method:• Portable FT-IR for in-field test of larger plastic particle (> 5 mm)• FT-IR imaging technology for lab analysis of smaller microplastic particle (m-mm)

Sophiscated laboratory based method:• ICP-MS for analysis of plastic particle at at nano scale.

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Chemical hazardsCase study: Mineral oil

Challenges in mineral oil quantification:• Inaccurate quantification owing to interference compounds (naturally occurring n-alkanes and olefins)• Too high a detection limit owing to a high fat content

Technical approaches:

Sample preparation:• Aluminum oxide clean-up to remove natural n-alkanes• Epoxidation to remove natural olefins

Sample analysis:• GC-FID for quantitative determination for routine measurement• GC×GC-ToF to characterize different chemical families for result verification

EN 16995 (2017) – Determination of MOSH and MOAH with on-line HPLC-GC-FID analysis – vegetable oils and foodstuff on basis on vegetable oils


Step 1: Identify allergens being used on site

Step 2: Put all mandatory GMPs in place

Step 3：Perform a HACCP based hazard analysis to

determine extra controls

Step 4: Where a hazard cannot be managed to LOW/NEGLIGIBLE, apply the labeling requirements

Step 5: Validate and Verify that the controls and labeling are appropriate

。

Biological hazardsCase study: Allergens


Objective: Identify and recommend a comprehensive and consistent food fraud prevention framework, based on existing vulnerability assessment tools, targeted prevention activities and verification methods.

Figure 1. Food fraud management process

Case study 1: Vulnerability assessment tools

Food fraud


Technical approaches: Two-tier analytical toolbox

Innovation in model building for data from ICP-MS:Machine learning techniques

Rapid screening methods

Sophiscated laboratory based methods

• FT-IR• NIR

• ICP-MS• LC-MS• GC-MS

Food fraudCase study 2: Rice authenticity

Challenges of PCR:• Only determine species, not geographical origins• Can’t distinguish fresh rice from aged


1. Electronic tongue and electronic nose

Figure 2. Comparison of the principles of operation of the senses of taste and smell with electronic tongue and electronic nose on a strawberry jam sample.

Advances in Food Authenticity Testing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100220-9.00008-4

Application of electronic tongue and electronic nose

⚫ Food authenticity testing:

Adulteration detection or discrimination of geographical origin in

dairy, fish and meat, grains, fruits and vegetables, oils and vinegar, teas

and coffees, beverages, etc.

⚫ Food quality assessment:

Assessment of meat shelf-life and thermal degradation of edible oils

Artificial intelligence is likely to be commercialized and widely used in food integrity area in the near future.

Emerging technology


2. Routine cost-effective NMR approach

Emerging technology

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance will be better implemented into routine use with the development of FoodScreener platforms for untargeted applications, and targeted approaches for low-field benchtop

instruments.

FoodScreener Benchtop NMR

• Simultaneous evaluation of

quality and authenticity related

parameters.

• Juice-Profiling: routine analysis

of fruit products

• Wine-Profiling: composition,

geographical origin, grape

variety and vintage

• Honey-Profiling: botanical and

geographical verification of

honey

• Low field but high resolution

• Lower purchase and

maintenance cost than

conventional NMR

• Provides fast, direct, and

user-friendly method to

determine the fat and oil

content in foodstuffs

Trends in Food Science & Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.035.


Physical hazard detection:

• Thermal imaging technology to detect foreign body

Advantages:• Real-time imaging• Non-invasive and non-contact temperature measurement

Application:Detect foreign materials (rotten nuts, hard shells, and stones) in hazel nuts.

Emerging technology

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3.1 Portable devices

Chemical hazard detection:• Portable smart-phone readout device to detect

Mercury in water based on smartphone and colorimetric aptamer nanosensor.

Advantages:• Simple• Rapid, 20 min• Sensitive

Application:On-site detection of mercury contamination in water.

Trends in Food Science & Technology 21 (2010) 190-200 Sensors 16 (2016), doi:10.3390/s16111871


Biological hazard detection:• MinION for pathogen confirmation

MinION

Flow cell

USB port

MotorNanopore

Emerging technology3.2 Portable devices

Food fraud detection:• MicroNIR

Advantage: • Real time• Portable• Long reads

Application: Serotype prediction and source tracking

Advantage:• Real-time predictions and method management • Repeatable and reproducible results• Embedded calibration development

Application:• Quality control analysis of the “Tommy Atkins” mango• Classify pure and adulterated palm oil

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 173 (2017) 335–342https://nanoporetech.com/

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Future perspectives on food integrity management

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Development of an early warning system for food fraud

• Innovation in data sharing and multi-level cooperation

Development of more sensitive and robust targeted method

• Innovation in sample preparation / automation

Use of non-targeted data

• Innovation in machine learning

In-field surveillance and screening tests at production line using portable devices

• Innovation in instrumentation to improve sensitivity and reliability


Partnerships and collaboration in food integrity area

Outputs

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University: Industry:

Research institutes:


Thank youMars Global Food Safety Center

www.marsgfsc.com

perspectives on food integrity management - ifwrc · 9/12/2019 · farm storage processing...

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