pec commercial

8/20/2019 PEC Commercial

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PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE

( P E C )

PEC I - Electrical installation inside buildings.

PEC II - Electrical installation outside buildings.

PEC consists o! rules "#ic# are intended to $a%e use o! electricit& sa!e !or 'erson

and 'ro'ert&.

T"o () categories o! PEC rules

. *andator& Rules - c#aracteri+ed b& t#e use o! t#e "ord ,HALL.

. Ad/isor& Rules - c#aracteri+ed b& t#e use o! t#e "ord ,HO0LD1 or are stated as

reco$$endations o! t#at "#ic# is ad/ised but not re2uired.

O34ECTI5E

a) a!e 0se o! Electricit&

- to establis# basic $aterials 2ualit& and electrical "or% standards !or t#e sa!e use

o! electricit& !or lig#t6 #eat6 'o"er6 co$$unications6 signaling and !or ot#er

'ur'oses.

b) Ade2uac& - trict co$'liance "it# t#e 'ro/isions o! t#is Code "ill ensure sa!et& in

electrical installation and construction6 but not necessaril& e7cient6 con/enient6 or

ade2uate !or good ser/ice or !uture e8'ansion o! electrical use.

T#e use o! PEC is $andated b& R.A. 9:; ( !or$erl& R.A. - National 3uilding Code

. P.D.


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=. Regional O7ce o! t#e DOLE

COPE O@ THE PEC

PEC co/ers t#e electric conductors including o'tical ber cable and installed "it#in

or on6 to or !ro$

. Public and 'ri/ate buildings

. Electrical generating 'lants

. Te$'orar& and 'er$anent substations

=. Industrial 'lants

?. Trans!or$er stations

>. Rail"a& s"itc#&ards

9. ards6 carni/al6 'ar%ing6 etc.


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Re2uire$ents !or Electrical Per$it

a) An a''lication !or$ (DPFH !or$ No. 99-;;-E) s#all be acco$'lis#ed6 signed and

sub$itted b& a dul& registered Pro!essional Electrical Engineer. Ho"e/er6 i! t#e

installation does not e8ceed ; lig#ting andKor rece'tacle outlets or =;;; /olt-

a$'eres6 ; /olts6 t#e a''lication $a& be 're'ared6 signed and sub$itted b& adul& registered electrical engineer or $aster electrician.

b) T#e a''lication s#all include additionall&6 t#e na$e and signature and seal o! t#e

electrical 'ractitioner "#o "ill ta%e c#arge o! t#e installations as "ell as t#e

signature o! t#e o"ner or #is aut#ori+ed re'resentati/e.

c) @i/e (?) sets o! 'lans and s'ecications bearing t#e signature and seal o! t#e

res'onsible Pro!essional Electrical Engineer s#all be sub$itted toget#er "it# t#e

a''lication. Ho"e/er6 i! t#e installation does not e8ceed ; lig#ting and or

rece'tacle outlets or =6;;; 5A6 ; 5 /e (?) sets o! s%etc#es and bill o! $aterials

$a& be 're'ared signed and sub$itted b& t#e res'onsible Registered Electrical

Engineer or *aster Electrician.

According to P.D. ;:>6 no 'lans is re2uired !or building $ade o! indigenous

$aterials or "#ic# cost is not $ore t#an P?6;;;.;;.

ELECTRIC CIRC0IT IN 30ILDINB

ER5ICE

No. o! er/ice

A building or ot#er structure ser/ed s#all be su''lied b& onl& one ser/ice.

EJCEPTION

. @or re 'u$' "#ere a se'arate ser/ice is re2uired.

. @or e$ergenc& electrical s&ste$ "#ere a se'arate ser/ice is re2uired.

. *ulti'le-Occu'anc& building

=. Ca'acit& Re2uire$ents. T"o or $ore ser/ices s#all be 'er$itted

a) F#ere t#e ca'acit& re2uire$ents are in e8cess o! 6;;; a$'eres at a su''l&

/oltage o! >;; /olts or less or

b) F#ere t#e load re2uire$ents o! a single-'#ase installation are greater t#an t#e

ser/ing agenc& nor$all& su''lies t#roug# one ser/ice or

?. 3uilding o! Large Area ( ;6;;; $ or $ore Total Area ).


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>. @or dierent /oltage c#aracteristics6 suc# as !or dierent /oltage6 !re2uencies6 or

'#ases6 or !or dierent uses6 suc# as !or dierent rate sc#edules.

THE O5ERHEAD ER5ICE-DROP COND0CTOR

T#is is t#e o/er#ead ser/ice conductor !ro$ t#e last 'ole or ot#er aerial su''ort to

and including t#e s'lices i! an&6 connecting t#e ser/ice entrance conductors at t#e

building or ot#er structure.

IE AND RATINB

a) Beneral. er/ice dro' s#all #a/e su7cient a$'acit& to carr& t#e load "it#out a

te$'erature rise detri$ental to t#e co/ering or insulation o! t#e conductors and

s#all #a/e ade2uate $ec#anical strengt#.

b) *ini$u$ i+e. T#e conductors s#all not be s$aller t#an < $$co''er6 =

$$ alu$inu$ or co''er-clad alu$inu$.

CLEARANCE

a) Abo/e Roo!s. Conductors s#all #a/e a /ertical clearance o! not less t#an 6?;;

$$ !ro$ t#e roo! sur!ace.

b) 5ertical Clearance !ro$ Bround.

6;; $$ - at t#e electric ser/ice entrance to buildings6 or at t#e dri' loo' o! t#e

building electric entrance6 or abo/e areas or side"al%s

69;; $$ - !or t#ose areas listed in t#e =6>;; $$ classication "#en t#e /oltage is

li$ited to >;; /olts to ground.

=6>;; $$ - o/er residential 'ro'ert& and dri/e"a&s6 and t#ose co$$ercial areas

not subMect to truc% tra7c.

?6?;; $$ - o/er 'ublic streets6 alle&s6 roads6 'ar%ing areas subMect to truc% tra7c6

dri/e"a&s on ot#er t#an residential 'ro'ert&6 and ot#er land trans/ersed b&

/e#icles suc# as culti/ated6 gra+ing6 !orest6 and orc#ard.

0NDERBRO0ND ER5ICE-LATERAL COND0CTOR

T#is is t#e underground ser/ice conductor bet"een t#e street $ain6 including an&

risers at a 'ole or ot#er structure or !ro$ trans!or$ers6 and t#e rst 'oint o! an&

connection to t#e ser/ice-entrance conductors in a ter$inal bo8 or $eter or ot#er

enclosure "it# ade2uate s'ace6 inside or outside t#e building "all.

IN0LATION. er/ice-lateral conductor s#all "it#stand e8'osure to at$os'#eric and

ot#er conditions o! use "it#out detri$ental lea%age o! current.

EJCEPTION


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A grounded conductor s#all be 'er$itted to be uninsulated as !ollo"s

a) 3are co''er used in a race"a&.

b) 3are co''er !or direct burial "#ere bare co''er is Mudged to be suitable !or t#e

soil conditions.

c) 3are co''er !or direct burial "it#out regard to soil conditions "#ere 'art o! cable

asse$bl& identied !or underground use.

d) Alu$inu$ or co''er-clad alu$inu$ "it#out insulation or co/ering "#ere 'art o! a

cable asse$bl& identied !or underground use in a race"a& or !or direct burial.

IE AND RATINB

a) Beneral. er/ice lateral conductors s#all #a/e su7cient a$'acit& to carr& t#e

current !or t#e load and s#all #a/e ade2uate $ec#anical strengt#.

b) *ini$u$ i+e. T#e conductors s#all not be s$aller t#an ?.? $$co''er or


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T#e underground ser/ice entrance consists o! a race"a& conduit e8tending !ro$ t#e

building to t#e 'ro'ert& line "#ere it is ta''ed to t#e $ain. T#e t&'e o! cable

reco$$ended is t#e underground ser/ice entrance cable co$$onl& re!erred to as

0E.

ER5ICE - ENTRANCE COND0CTOR

No. o! er/ice-Entrance Conductor ets

Eac# ser/ice dro' or lateral s#all su''l& onl& one set o! ser/ice-entrance

conductors.

EJCEPTION

. 3uildings "it# $ore t#an one occu'anc&.

. F#ere t"o to si8 ser/ice disconnecting $eans in a se'arate enclosures are

grou'ed at one location and su''l& se'arate loads !ro$ one ser/ice dro' or lateral.

IE AND RATINB er/ice entrance conductors s#all be o! su7cient si+e to carr&

t#e co$'uted loads.

0ngrounded conductors s#all not be s$aller t#an

. ;; A ---- @or one !a$il& d"elling "it# si8 or $ore -"ire branc#circuits.

. >; A ---- @or one !a$il& d"elling "it# an initial co$'uted load o! ; %5A abo/e.

. =; A ---- @or ot#er loads.

EJCEPTION

. @or loads consisting o! not $ore t#an - "ire branc# circuits6 ?.? $$ co''er or


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. Inter$ediate *etallic Tubing (I*T)

=. Electrical *etallic Tubing (E*T)

?. er/ice-Entrance Cables

>. Fire"a&s

9. 3us"a&s


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T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all be installed eit#er inside or outside t#e

building or ot#er structure at a readil& accessible location nearest t#e 'oint o!

entrance o! t#e ser/ice entrance conductor

RATINB

T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all #a/e a rating o! not less t#an t#e load to be

carried. In no case s#all t#e rating be lo"er t#an s'ecied t#roug#

. One circuit installation -- T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all #a/e a rating o!

not less t#an ? a$'eres.

. T"o circuit installation -- T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all #a/e a rating o!

not less t#an ; a$'eres.

. One !a$il& d"elling -- T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all #a/e a rating o!

>; A -- "#ere t#e initial co$'uted loads is ; %5A or $ore

;; A -- "#ere t#e initial installations consist o! si8 or $ore -"ire branc# circuit.

=. Ot#ers -- @or all ot#er installations6 t#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all #a/e a

rating o! not less t#an =; a$'eres.

NOTE

T#e ser/ice disconnecting $eans s#all si$ultaneousl& disconnect all ungrounded

conductors and s#all be ca'able o! being closed on a !ault e2ual to or greater t#an

t#e $a8i$u$ a/ailable s#ort-circuit current.

er/ice entrance conductor s#all #a/e a s#ort-circuit 'rotecti/e de/ice in eac#

ungrounded conductors.

@uses s#all #a/e an Interru'ting Rating no less t#an t#e $a8i$u$ a/ailable s#ort

circuit current in t#e circuit at t#eir su''l& ter$inals.

Circuit brea%ers s#all be !ree to o'en in case t#e circuit is closed on an

o/erload. Circuit brea%ers s#all #a/e an interru'ting rating not less t#an t#e

$a8i$u$ a/ailable s#ort-circuit current at its su''l& ter$inals.

@EEDER AND *AIN

Essential considerations being ada'ted or !ollo"ed.

. On large installation6 one !eeder is 'ro/ided !or eac# oor.

. In s$all installations6 one or t"o !eeders is satis!actor&.

. @eeder !or $otor $ust be se'arate and inde'endent !ro$ t#e lig#t circuits.


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=. @eeders re2uiring $ore t#an ?; $$ dia$eter conduit s#ould not be used.

?.@eeders s#ould be subdi/ided i! t#ere are se/eral bends or osets because a ?;

$$ conduit is t#e largest t#at could be econo$icall& used.

>. @eeders radiating !ro$ t#e distributing 'anel s#ould be 'ro/ided eac# "it# a

'ro'erl& rated s"itc# and circuit brea%er.

9. Bood 'ractice dictates t#at !eeders and $ain s#all be installed inside a conduit

'i'e as it carries #ig# /oltage t#at s#ould be "ell 'rotected.

9 REG0IRED PART O@ A TANDARD ELECTRICAL PLAN

A. BENERAL NOTE K PECI@ICATION

'ecication "ritten on electrical 'lan s#ould indicate

. T#at t#e design is done in accordance "it# t#e P.E.C. and all electrical"or%s s#all

co$'l& "it# t#e 'ro/isions o! all aut#orities #a/ing Muris- diction on t#e use o!

electrical 'o"er.

. T#e nature o! t#e ser/ice including /oltage6 '#ase and !re2uenc&.

. T#e t&'e o! a''ro/ed "iring to used in installing ser/ice entrance6

!eeders6 sub-!eeders6 branc# circuit conductors6 re$ote control s&ste$6 re

'rotection6 signal and co$$unication s&ste$.

=. All ot#er as'ects and details t#at t#e designer and t#e o"ner "ould "ant to be

done in t#e actual construction o! t#e 'roMect.

EJA*PLE

. For%s #ere under s#all co$'l& "it# t#e latest edition o! t#e P.E.C6 t#enational

building code6 $unici'al or cit& ordinances6 o7ce o! t#e $unici'al or cit&

electrician6 *eralco.

. T&'e o! ser/ices s#all be ; /olts6 '#ase6 "ire s&ste$6 >; #ert+ and t#ere

s#all be onl& one ser/ice dro' to t#e building.

. *et#od o! "iring s#all be E*T bot# e8'osed and e$bedded "or% "it# 'ro'er

tting and su''orts. In cases "#ere concealed conduits "iring is i$'racticable touse6 $etal $oulding $a& be a''lied.

=. All $aterials and e2ui'$ent s#all be ne" and a''ro/ed t&'e !or bot# location

and 'ur'ose intended.

?. All lig#ting and con/enience outlet circuit #o$eruns s#all be "ired "it# no less

t#an s2. $$ and .? s2. $$ res'ecti/el&6 unless ot#er"ise indicated on t#e 'lan.


10/22

>. Lig#ting and 'o"er 'anel board s#all be circuit brea%er t&'e sur!ace or us#ed

$ounted or as indicated on t#e 'lan door s#all be 'ro/ided "it# loc%ed and $illed

%e&6 a line circuit director& card and #older s#all be 'ro/ided in inner !ace or door.

9. F#ene/er re2uired and necessar&6 !ull bo8es and Munction bo8es o! 'ro'er si+es

s#all be installed at con/enient and incons'icuous locations alt#oug# suc# bo8esare not s#o"n on t#e 'lans nor $entioned in t#e s'ecication.


11/22

It s#all contain t#e !ollo"ing

. Na$e and location o! 'ro'osed installation6 'roMect6 or "atercra!t

. Na$e6 signature and address o! o"nerK$anagerKo'erator

. Title o! s#eet and s#eet nu$ber

=. cale used

?. Na$e6 signature and dr& seal o! 'ro!essional electrical engineer toget#er

"it# registration nu$ber6 Pro!essional Ta8 Recei't (PTR) and Ta8 Identication

Nu$ber (TIN)

>. Initial o! dra!ts$an and

9. Date dra"n or re/ised.

@. ELECTRICAL LIBHTINB AND POFER LAO0T

Electrical la&out !or eac# oor o! t#e building s#all indicate t#e location o!

. Location o! lig#ting outlets.

. Location o! con/enience outlets.

. Location o! s"itc#es "it# t#eir corres'onding s&$bols.

=. Location o! outlets !or air conditioning units.

?. Location o! tele'#one6 interco$ and $aster antenna tele/ision outlets.

>. Location o! ser/ice e2ui'$ent andKor disconnecting $eans.

9. Location o! ser/ice %ilo"att#our $eter.

B. CHED0LE O@ LOAD AND CO*P0TATION

c#edule o! loads in tabulated !or$ s#all indicate

A. *OTOR LOAD

. *otor as nu$bered or identied in 'o"er la&out.

. T&'e o! $otor

. HPK%FK%5A rating

=. 5oltage rating

?. @ull load current rating


12/22

>. @re2uenc& rating

9. Nu$ber o! '#ases

3. LIBHTINB AND POFER LOAD

. Panel as nu$bered in t#e riser diagra$.

. Circuit designation nu$ber.

. Nu$ber and lig#tning outlets in eac# circuits.

=. Nu$ber o! s"itc#es in eac# circuit.

?. Nu$ber o! con/inience outlet

>. 5oltage circuit

9. @use rating or tri' rating o! circuit 'rotecti/e de/ice.

C. OTHER LOAD

. Designation nu$ber on 'lan

. Descri'tion loads

. Classication o! ser/ice dut&

=. Rating in %ilo/olt a$'ere (5A) or %ilo"att (F)

?. P#ase loading indicating !ull load line current

>. 5oltage rating

DEIBN CO*P0TATION

Or design anal&sis "#ere necessarr& s#all be included on t#e dra"ings or $a& be

sub$itted on se'arate s#eets o! uni!or$ si+e 'a'er6 s#all allo"

. Illu$ination design co$'utations and tabulated lig#ting le/els in lu8 critical areas

in institutional6 Industrial recreational co$$ercial building.

. @eed lines and 'rotecti/e de/ices o! $otors6 electrical e2ui'$ent and a''liances

indicating t&'es and ratings.

. i+es o! branc# circuit "ires6 @eeders and busbars including 'rotecti/e de/ices.

=. i+e and t&'e o! ser/ice entrance "ires6 race "a&s and e2ui'$ent.

?. etting K ratingso! o/er current de/ices.


13/22

BRO0NDINB PROTECTION

A ground is an electrical connection "#ic# $a& eit#er be intentional or accidental

bet"een an electric circuit or e2ui'$ent and t#e eart#6 or to so$e conducting bod&

t#at ser/es in 'lace o! t#e eart#. T#e 'ur'ose o! grounding a circuit is to 8

'er$anentl& a +ero /oltage 'oint in t#e s&ste$. T#e grounded line o! a circuits#ould not be bro%en nor !used to $aintain a solid and uninterru'ted connection to

t#e ground.

Brounding could be acco$'lis#ed in t#e !ollo"ing $anner

. Connection to a buried cold "ater $ain.

. Connection to a rod or grou' o! rods.

. Connection to a buried ground 'late.

THE PANEL3OARD

A 'anelboard is a single 'anel or grou' o! 'anel units designed !or asse$bl& in t#e

!or$ o! a single 'anel. T#is includes buses6 auto$atic o/ercurrent 'rotecti/e

de/ices6 and "it# or "it#out s"itc#es !or t#e control o! lig#t6 #eat or 'o"er circuit. It

is designed to be 'laced in a cabinet or cutout bo8 'laced in or against a "all or

'artition and accessible onl& !ro$ t#e !ront.

Princi'les a''lied in installing 'anel board

. T#e a''roac# s#ould be accessible and con/enient.

. T#e 'anelboard $ust be centrall& located to s#orten t#e #o$e "iring runs.

. It $ust be installed near t#e load center. As in $ost cases6 'anelboard is installed

near t#e %itc#en and t#e laundr& "#ere #ea/& loads are e8'ected.

*AIN- is t#e !eeder interior "iring e8tending !ro$ ser/ice s"itc#6 generator bus6 or

con/erter bus to t#e $ain distribution.

3RANCH CIRC0IT- is dened as t#e circuit conductors bet"een t#e nal o/ercurrent

de/ice 'rotecting t#e circuit and t#e outlets. T#is $eans t#at t#e branc# circuit is

onl& t#e "iring bet"een t#e circuit o/ercurrent 'rotection de/ice suc# as !uses or

circuit brea%er and t#e outlets. Ho"e/er6 it is a co$$on %no"ledge and 'racticet#at t#e branc# circuit co$'rises t#e entire circuit including t#e outlet rece'tacles

and ot#er "iring de/ices.

PROTECTION O@ THE 3RANCH CIRC0IT

An& current in e8cess o! t#e rated current ca'acit& o! t#e e2ui'$ent or t#e rated

a$'acit& o! t#e conductor is called o/ercurrent.


14/22

T#e causes o! o/ercurrent are

. O/erload in t#e e2ui'$ent conductors.

. #ort circuit or ground !ault

As 'er PEC re2uire$ent6 conductors s#all be 'rotected against o/ercurrent inaccordance "it# t#eir a$'acities (Art. =.?..)

A$'acit& - is t#e current-carr&ing ca'acit& o! an electric conductor.

THE CIRC0IT 3REAER AND THE @0E

A circuit brea%er is an o/ercurrent 'rotecti/e de/ice also designed to !unction as a

s"itc#. It is e2ui''ed "it# an auto$atic tri''ing de/ice to 'rotect t#e branc# circuit

!ro$ o/erload and ground !ault.

A !use is also an o/ercurrent 'rotecti/e de/ice "it# a circuit o'ening !usible ele$ent

"#ic# o'ens "#en t#ere is an o/ercurrent in t#e circuit. It is considered as t#e

si$'lest and t#e $ost co$$on circuit 'rotecti/e de/ice used into t#e #ouse "iring

connection.

Ad/antages o! circuit brea%er o/er a !use

. T#e circuit brea%er acts as a s"itc# aside !ro$ its being an o/ercurrent de/ice.

. F#en t#ere is an o/ercurrent6 t#e circuit brea%er tri's auto$aticall& and a!ter

correcting t#e !ault6 it is read& to be s"itc#ed on again6 unli%e t#e !use "#ic# #as to

be discarded and re'laced a!ter it is busted.

Ad/antages o! !use o/er a circuit brea%er

. One o! its $aMor ad/antage is its reliabilit& and stabilit&. It can sta& on its 'osition

!or &ears and act "#en called on to act as designed6 unli%e t#e circuit brea%er "#ic#

re2uires 'ro'er $aintenance and 'eriodic testing to %ee' it into a ti'-to' condition.

. T#e cost o! a !use is less t#an t#at o! a circuit brea%er.

tandard A$'ere Ratings o! @uses and In/erse ti$e circuit brea%ers

?6 ;6 ?6 ;6 =;6 =?6 >;6 9;6 ;;6 9;;6 ;;6 ;;;6 ?;;6 ;;;6 =;;;6 ?;;; and>;;;

@uses6 circuit brea%ers or co$binations s#all not be connected in 'arallel.

E8ce'tion Circuit brea%ers or !uses6 !actor& asse$bled in 'arallel6 and a''ro/ed as

a unit.


15/22

Position o! ni!e "itc#es

a) ingle-t#ro" ni!e "itc#es. ingle-t#ro" %ni!e s"itc#es s#all be so 'laced t#at

gra/it& "ill not tend to close t#e$. ingle-t#ro" %ni!e s"itc#es6 a''ro/ed !or use in

t#e in/erted 'osition6 s#all be 'ro/ided "it# a loc%ing de/ice t#at "ill ensure t#at

t#e blades re$ain in t#e o'en 'osition "#en so set.

b) Double-t#ro" ni!e "itc#es. Double-t#ro" %ni!e s"itc#es s#all be 'er$itted to

be $ounted so t#at t#e t#ro" "ill be eit#er /ertical or #ori+ontal. F#ere t#e t#ro"

is /ertical6 a loc%ing de/ice s#all be 'ro/ided to #old t#e blades in t#e o'en 'osition

"#en so set.

RECEPTACLE AND FIRINB DE5ICE

ELECTRICAL COND0CTOR AND IN0LATOR

Electrical Conductors are substances t#at oer a /er& lo" resistance to current o".

Insulators are substances t#at oer a /er& #ig# resistance to current o".

List o! so$e good electrical conductors

. il/er >. inc

. Co''er 9. Platinu$

. Alu$inu$ . *ica . Dr& air

9. Late8

FIRE AND CA3LE


16/22

Fires are t#ose electrical conductors "#ic# are < $$ (AFB no.


17/22

'ico 8 ;- '

de%a 8 ; da

#ecto 8 ; #

%ilo 8 ; %

*ega 8 ;> *

Biga 8 ;: B

CO**ONL 0ED ENBLIH-*ETRIC EG0I5ALENT

Englis# to *etric *etric to Englis#

LENBTH

in Q ?.= $$ $$ Q ;.;:= in

in Q .?= c$ c$ Q ;.:= in

!t Q ;=.< $$ c$ Q ;.; !t

!t Q ;.=< c$ $ Q :.9 in

!t Q ;.;? $ $ Q .< !t

&d Q ;.:? $ %$ Q $i

$i Q .>;: %$

AREA

s2 in Q >=?.> s2 $$ s2 c$ Q;.?? s2 in

s2 in Q >.=? s2 c$ s2 c$ Q ;.;; s2 !t

s2 !t Q ::.; s2 c$ s2 $ Q ;.9>= s2 !t

s2 !t Q ;.;: s2 $ s2 $ Q . s2 &d

DI@@ERENT TPE O@ CA3LE

. Ar$ored Cable. T#is t&'e o! cable6 t#e t&'e AC is a !abricated asse$bl& o!

insulated conductors enclosed in e8ible $etals#eat#. Ar$ored cable is used in

bot# e8'osed and concealed "or%.


18/22

. *etal Clad Cable. Cable o! t#e t&'e *C is a !actor& asse$bled cable o! one or

$ore conductors6 eac# indi/iduall& insulated and enclosed in a $etallic s#eat# o!

interloc%ing ta'e6 or a s$oot# or corrugated tube. T#is t&'e is used s'ecicall& !or

ser/ices6 !eeders6 branc# circuits6 eit#er e8'osed or concealed and !or indoor or

outdoor "or%.

. *ineral Insulated Cable. T#is t&'e o! cable6 t&'e *I6 is a !actor& asse$bl& o! one

or $ore conductors insulated "it# a #ig#l& co$'ressed re!ractor& $ineral insulation

and enclosed in li2uid-tig#t and gas-tig#t continuous co''er s#eat#. T#e t&'e *I is

used in dr&6 "et or continuousl& $oist location as ser/ice6 !eeders or branc# circuit.

=. Non$etallic #eat#ed Cable. T&'es N* and N*C are !actor& asse$bled t"o or

$ore insulated conductors #a/ing a $oisture-resistant outer s#eat#6 a$e-

retardant and non-$etallic $aterial. T#ese t&'es are used s'ecicall& !or one or t"o

d"elling not e8ceeding store& buildings.

?. #ielded Non$etallic #eat#ed Cable. T#is t&'e o! cable6 t#e t&'e N*6 is a

!actor& asse$bl& o! t"o or $ore insulated conductors in an e8truded core or

$oisture-resistant and a$e-retardant $aterial6 co/ered "it# an o/erla''ing s'iral

$etal ta'e. T#is t&'e is used in #a+ardous locations and in cable tra&s or in

race"a&s.

>. er/ice Entrance Cable. T#is is a single conductor or $ulticonductor asse$bl&

'ro/ided "it# or "it#out an o/er-all co/ering6 'ri$aril& used !or ser/ices and o! t#e

t&'es E and 0E.

9. 0nderground @eeder and 3rac# Circuit Cables. T#is t&'e o! cable6 t#e t&'e 0@

cable is a $oisture-resistant cable used !or underground6 including direct burial in

t#e ground6 as !eeder or branc# circuit.


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RACEFA

Race"a&s are c#annels designed !or #olding "ires6 cables or bus-bars6 "#ic# are

eit#er $ade o! $etal or insulating $aterials. T#e co$$on t&'es o! race"a&s in

#ouse#old "iring are t#e a) conduits6 b) connectors6 and c) ot#ers.

a) Conduits

Conduits6 'i'es or tubings are t#e $ost co$$on electrical race"a&.

According to t#e t&'e o! $aterials used6 conduit $a&be classied as eit#er

$etallic suc# as steel 'i'es or non$etallic suc# as P5C6 and t#e li%e.

According to its $a%e6 conduits $a&be classied as rigid $etal6 e8ible $etal6 rigid

non$etal and e8ible non$etal.

b) Connectors

A connector is a $etal slee/e usuall& $ade o! co''er t#at is sli''ed o/er and

secured to t#e butted ends o! conductors in $a%ing Moint. A connector is also called

a s'licing slee/e.

c) Ot#er Race"a&s

Aside !ro$ t#e conduits and connectors t#ere are still nu$erous t&'es and %inds o!

race"a&s6 a$ong t#ese are t#e a) conduit cou'lings6 elbo"s and ot#er ttings b)

conduit su''orts6 suc# as cla$'s6 #angers6etc c) cable tra&s6 cablebus d) $etal

race"a&se) non$etal race"a&s.

O0TLET6 RECEPTACLE and ot#er FIRINB DE5ICE

O0TLET. An outlet is a 'oint in t#e "iring s&ste$ at "#ic# current is ta%en to

su''l& utili+ation e2ui'$ent. T#e %inds o! outlets are con/enience outlet or

attac#$ent ca'6 lig#ting outlet6 and rece'tacle outlet.

A con/enience outlet or attac#$ent ca' is a de/ice "#ic# b& insertion in a

rece'tacle6 establis#es connection bet"een t#e conductor o! t#e e8ible cord and

t#e conductors connected 'er$anentl& to t#e rece'tacle.

A lig#ting outlet is an outlet intended !or direct connection o! a la$'#older6 a

lig#ting 8ture6 or a 'endant cord ter$inating in a la$'#older.

A rece'tacle outlet is an outlet "#ere one or $ore rece'tacles are installed.

TPE O@ FIRE

A. TPE T6 TF6 THF


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T#e $ost ordinar& t&'e o! 'lastic insulated "ire is t#e ,t&'e T1. It $a& be used onl&

in dr& locations. o$e $anu!actures no longer $a%e t#e ordinar& T&'e T6 instead

'roduce T&'e TF6 "#ic# is identical in a''earance6 but $a& be used in "et or dr&

locations. Also a/ailable is T&'e THF6 is si$ilar to T&'e TF but "it#stand a greater

degree o! #eat6 and conse2uentl& #as a #ig#er a$'acit& rating in t#e larger si+es.

3. TPE THHN6 THFN

T#ese are co$'arati/el& ne" t&'es o! "ire6 consisting o! t#e basic T&'e THH and

THF but "it# less t#er$o'lastic insulation6 and "it# a nal e8truded Mac%et o!

n&lon. N&lon #as e8ce'tional insulating 2ualities and great $ec#anical strengt#6 all

o! "#ic# results in a "ire "#ic# is s$aller in dia$eter t#an ordinar& T&'es T6 TF6 TF

o! corres'onding si+e.

C. TPE JHHF

In a''earance6 it rese$bles T&'es T6 TF6 THF but because o! so$e"#at t#inner

la&er o! insulation6 t#e o/er-all dia$eter is s$aller. T#e insulation is ,cross-lin%ed

s&nt#etic 'ol&$er61 "#ic# #as an e8traordinar& 'ro'erties as to insulating /alue6

#eat resistance6 and $oisture resistance. It $a& be used in dr& or "et locations.

F#ile at 'resent6 it is an e8'ensi/e "ire6 it "ould be no sur'rise i! in due course o!

ti$e6 t#is one single t&'e "ill re'lace all t#e $an& t&'es and subt&'es o! T&'e T or

R no" recogni+ed b& t#e Code.

D. R033ER-CO5ERED FIRE

It consists o! co''er conductor6 tinned to $a%e it easier to re$o/e t#e insulation6

and !or eas& soldering. O/er t#e co''er is a la&er o! rubber6 t#e t#ic%ness o! "#ic#

de'ends on t#e si+e o! t#e "ire. T#en !ollo"s an outer !abric braid "#ic# is

saturated "it# $oisture-and-re-resistant co$'ounds i! it is set on re "it# a

blo"torc#6 t#e a$e dies out "#en t#e torc# is re$o/ed.

E. OTHER TPE

Ot#er t&'es suc# as t#e basic T&'e R6 "#ic# is suitable !or onl& in dr& locations6 is

no longer being $ade. T#e $ost ordinar& %ind is T&'e RHF6 "#ic# $a& be used !or

dr& or "et locations. T&'es RH and RHH #a/e insulation "#ic# "it#stands $ore #eat

and t#ere!ore #a/e a #ig#er a$'acit& in t#e larger si+e. T#e& $a& be used onl& in

dr& locations.

IND O@ LOCATION

DA*P LOCATION

Partiall& 'rotected locations under cano'ies6 $ar2uees6 roo!ed o'en 'orc#es6 and

li%e locations6 and interior locations subMected to $oderate degree o! $oisture6 suc#

as so$e base$ents6 so$e barns6 and so$e cold-storage "are#ouses.


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DR LOCATION

A location not nor$all& subMect to da$'ness or "etness. A location classied as dr&

$a& be te$'oraril& subMect to da$'ness or "etness6 as in t#e case o! a building

under construction.

FET LOCATION

Installations underground or in concrete slabs or $asonr& in direct contact "it# t#e

eart#6 and location subMect to saturation "it# "ater or ot#er li2uids6 suc# as /e#icle

"as#ing areas6 and locations e8'osed to "eat#er and un'rotected.

HAARDO0 (CLAI@IED) LOCATION

Locations "#ere re or e8'losion #a+ards $a& e8ist due to a$$able gases or

/a'ors6 a$$able li2uids6 co$bustible dust6 or ignitible bers or &ings.

. Class I Locations. Class I locations are t#ose in "#ic# a$$able gases or /a'orsare or $a& be 'resent in t#e air in 2uantities su7cient to 'roduce e8'losi/e or

ignitible $i8tures.

a) Class I6 Di/ision . A Class I6 Di/ision location is a location I) in "#ic# igntible

concentrations o! a$$able gases or /a'ors can e8ist under nor$al o'erating

conditions or ii) in "#ic# ignitible concentrations o! suc# gas /a'ors $a& e8ist

!re2uentl& because o! re'air or $aintenance o'erations or because o! lea%age

or iii) in "#ic# brea%do"n or !ault& o'eration o! e2ui'$ent or 'rocesses $ig#t

release ignitible concentrations o! a$$able gases or /a'ors6 and $ig#t also cause

si$ultaneous !ailure o! electric e2ui'$ent.

b) Class I6 Di/ision . A Class I6 Di/ision location is a location I) in "#ic# /olatile

a$$able li2uids or a$$able gases are #andled6 'rocesses6 or used6 but in "#ic#

t#e li2uids6 /a'ors6 or gases "ill nor$all& be connes "it#in closed containers or

closed s&ste$s !ro$ "#ic# t#e& can esca'e onl& in case o! accidental ru'ture or

brea%do"n o! suc# containers or s&ste$s6 or in case o! abnor$al o'eration o!

e2ui'$ent or ii) in "#ic# ignitible concentrations o! gases or /a'ors are nor$all&

're/ented b& 'ositi/e $ec#anical /entilation6 and "#ic# $ig#t beco$e #a+ardous

t#roug# !ailure or abnor$al o'eration o! t#e /entilating e2ui'$ent iii) t#at is

adMacent to Class I6 Di/ision location6 and to "#ic# ignitible concentrations o!

gases or /a'ors $ig#t occasionall& be co$$unicated unless suc# co$$unication is

're/ented b& ade2uate 'ositi/e /entilation !ro$ a source o! clean air6 and eecti/esa!eguards against /entilation !ailure are 'ro/ided.

Class II Locations. Class II locations are t#ose t#at are #a+ardous because o! t#e

'resence o! co$bustible dust.

a) Class II6 Di/ision . A class II6 Di/ision location is a location I) in "#ic#

co$bustible dust is in t#e air nor$al o'erating conditions in 2uantities su7cient to


22/22

'roduce e8'losi/e or ignitible $i8tures or ii) "#ere $ec#anical !ailure or abnor$al

o'eration o! $ac#iner& or e2ui'$ent $ig#t cause suc# e8'losi/e or ignitible

$i8tures to be 'roduced6 and $ig#t also 'ro/ide a source o! ignition t#roug#

si$ultaneous !ailure o! electric e2ui'$ent6 o'eration de/ices6 or !ro$ ot#er causes

or iii) in "#ic# co$bustible dusts o! an electricall& conducti/e nature $a& be

'resent in #a+ardous 2uantities.

b) Class II6 Di/ision . A Class II6 Di/ision location is a location "#ere co$bustible

dust is not nor$all& in t#e air in 2uantities su7cient to 'roduce e8'losi/e or

ignitible $i8tures6 and dust accu$ulations are nor$all& insu7cient to inter!ere "it#

t#e nor$al o'eration o! electrical e2ui'$ent or ot#er a''aratus6 but co$bustible

dust $a& be in sus'ension in t#e air as a result o! in!re2uent $al!unctioning o!

#andling or 'rocessing e2ui'$ent and "#ere co$bustible dust accu$ulations on6

in6 or in t#e /icinit& o! t#e electrical e2ui'$ent $a& be su7cient to inter!ere "it#

t#e sa!e dissi'ation o! #eat !ro$ electrical e2ui'$ent or $a& be ignitible b&

abnor$al o'eration or !ailure o! electrical e2ui'$ent.

. Class III Locations. Class III locations are t#ose t#at are #a+ardous because o! t#e

'resence o! easil& co$bustible bers or &ings6 but in "#ic# suc# bers or &ings

are not li%el& to be in sus'ension in t#e air in 2uantities su7cient to 'roduce

ignitible $i8tures.

a) Class III6 Di/ision . A Class III6 Di/isions location is a location in "#ic# easil&

ignitible bers or $aterials 'roducing co$bustible &ings are #andled6

$anu!actured6 or used.

b) Class III6 Di/ision . A Class III6 Di/ision location is a location in "#ic# easil&

ignitible bers are stored or #andled.

pec commercial

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