Subject Index

A A/a02 gradient 89 A/a02 ratio 89 academic requirements and degrees 866 activation of thrombocytes 224 acute and chronic changes, vascular gas

bubbles 226 acute myocardial infection 318 acute traumatic ischemia 457, 462 -, compartment syndrome 457 -, ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury 457 -, limb amputation 457 -, limb replantation 457 adherence to endothelium 53 alveolar damage 75 aminoglycosides 699 -, amikacyn 699 -, gentamicin 699 -, netilmicin 699 -, sisomicin 699 -, tobramycin 699 Amsterdam classification 347, 368 -, algorithm 347 -, bacteroides 368 -, C. oedematiens 369 -, clostridium novyi 369 -, computed tomography (CT) scanning 347 -, E. coli 368 -, enterobacter 368 -, gas-producing infections 347 -, gram stain 369 -, klebsiella 368 -, peptostreptococcus 368 -, prophylaxis 369 -, -, chloramphenicol 371 -, -, clindamycin 371 -, -, erythromycin 371 -, -, gas gangrene antitoxin 370 -, -, metronidazole 371 -, -, mezlocillin 371 -, -, penicillin 371 -, -, tetracycline 371

-, -, vancomycin 371 -, pseudo mona 368 -, tissue emphysema 368 Amsterdam therapeutic regimen 377 -, amputations 382 -, clostridium perfringens 379 -, infected vascular gangrene 379 -, myringotomy 378 anaerobic clostridial cellulitis 355 anaerobic crepitant or clostridial cellulitis

348 anaerobic streptococcal myonecrosis 358 anaerobic streptococcal myositis 358 anemic hypoxemia 314

angiogenesis 491 -, wound edge 491

anoxia 192, 509 -, bubbles 192

-, cerebral nervous system 192 -, ischaemic lesions 192 anti-inflammatory drugs 195 anti-oxidant agents 64 -, malondialdehyde 64 antithrombotic therapy 196 -, bleeding 196 -, D-Dimer 197 -, heparin 196 AOCP 664 ARDS 75 arrhythmia 316, 319 arterial diseases 569 arterial gas embolism 101, 249 arterial insufficiency 111

arterial partial pressure of oxygen 83 arteriole Doppler studies 445 arteriosclerotic ulcers 496

-, amputation 497 -, arterial reconstruction 497 -, skin grafting 497 associated diseases 575 attendants 865, 870

888

B background 865 barotrauma 44 battery-operated monitors 625 Baurienne 343 "best" HBO dose 89 -, cerebral edema 90 -, oxygen transport capacity 90 -, oxygen-dependent effect 90 -, pletismographic assessment 90 -, variations of oxygen-dependent electro

physiological parameters 90 -, vasoconstriction 90 beta lactams 705 -, cephalosporin 705 -, latamoxef 705 -, penicillin 705 -, piperacillin 705 biochemical myocardial necrosis marker 321 -, aspartate - Aminotransferase (AST) 321 -, cardiospecific isoenzyme (CKMB) 321 -, creatine kinase (CK) 321 -, lacticdehydrogenase (LDH) 321 biological tolerance to hyperbaric oxygen 1 -, oxygen 2 -, physiopathology of oxygen 1 blood gases monitoring 633 -, arterial oxygen tension 634 -, blood oxygen flow 634 -, clark electrode 634 -, diffusion and consumption of oxygen in

the tissues 634 -, transcutaneous method 633 blood viscosity 192 blood-brain barrier 224 boil 781 bone re-modeling 84 brain injuries 403 -, animal studies 405 -, clinical trials 406 -, global ischemia 403 -, negative effects 404 -, pathophysiology 403 -, potential benefits of HBO 404 -, reoxygenation phase 404 burn 610 burn injury 478 -, anatomical debridement 479 -, ATP level 478 -, biological dressings 478 -, cultured epithelial autographs 479 -, DC,8-mediated neutrophil adhesion 478 -, edema 478 -, electrical injury 478 -, enzymatic debridement 478

Subject Index

-, hospital stay 479 -, microcirculatory flow 478 -, mortality 479 -, neutrophil adhesion 478 -, skin grafting 479 -, synthetic skin substitutes 478 -, vasoconstriction 478 -, wound morbidity 479 -, zone of coagulation 478 -, zone of erythema 478 -, zone of stasis 478 burn intensive care 509 burns 509 burns and burns with smoke inhalation 104

c C. perfringens 362 carbon monoxide -, binding to cytochrom a3 284 -, binding to myoglobin 284 -, clinical presentation 288 -, dissociation of CO hemoproteins 286 -, effect on oxygen transport 282 -, effect on tissue 282 -, fire-smoke inhalation 294 -, late neurological sequelae 291 -, lipid peroxidation 286 -, management 289 -, origin 281 -, oxygen free radical 286 -, pregnancy 292 -, pulmonary edema 291 -, reoxygenation injury in CO poisoning

286 carbon monoxide (CO) 312 -, afterload 312 -, atherosclerosis 312 -, cardiac function 312 -, contractility 312 -, heart rate 312 -, oxygen supply 312 -, Ped severity grading 334 carbon monoxide intoxication 100 carbon monoxide-poisoned children 331 -, clinical features 332 -, clinical management 340 -, -, acute phase 340 -, -, follow up 341 -, -, timing 341 -, physiopathological background 331 carbon monoxide poisoning 312, 514 carbon monoxide poisoning in pregnancy

805 -, acute fetal suffering during labor 806

Subject Index

-, birth weight 306 -, clinical use of HBO therapy during preg-

nancy 305 -, diabetes and pregnancy 806 -, fetal death 306 -, fetal ODC 306 -, gravidic nephropathy and toxemia 805 -, neurological dysfunction 306 -, stages of gestation 306 -, teratogenicity 306 -, preload 312 -, prolonged pregnancy 806 -, relaxation phase 312 -, ventricular function 312 carbonmonoxide 327 carboxyhemoglobin 282, 290 -, dissociation rate 290 -, effect on CO binding to cytochrom a3

284 -, formation 284 -, hyperbaric oxygen indication 290 -, role in HBO indication 290 cardiac and hemodynamic monitoring 650 -, cardiac output monitoring 650 -, CO2 rebreathing method 651 -, ECG monitoring 650 -, heart frequency rate 650 -, thermodilution 650 cardiac output monitoring 631 cardiocirculatory monitoring 761 -, intensive monitoring 762 -, monitoring for moderately serious pati-

ents 761 care of the injured diver 185 CD,s adhesion molecule 460 cell replication 487 -, endothelial cells 487 -, fibroblasts 487 cellular function 84 central nervous system 65 chamber operators 865, 872 cheilitis 781 children 325 -, botallo duct 326 -, paediatric patients 325 -, right/left shunt 326 children and diving 207 -, ENT 208 -, heart 208 -, locomotor apparatus 209 -, medical examination 210 -, psychological aspects 209 -, respiratory tract 207 -, thermiobiology 209 -, vessels 208

chronic exposure 317 -, chest pain 318 -, coronary artery disease 317 -, coronary risk factors 317 -, diaphoresis 318 -, irregular heartbeat 318 -, palpitations 318 -, shortness of breath 318 chronic ischaemic ulcers 112 -, ankle pressure 113 -, arterial insufficiency 112 -, decubitis 112 -, decutibal ulcers 113 -, diabetic ulcers 113 -, diabetic vascular insufficiency 112 -, post-traumatic ischaemic lesions 114 -, pyoderma Gangrenosum 114 -, pyoderma gangrenosum 112 -, radiation ulcers 114 -, toe pressure 113 -, ulcerative colitis 114 -, venous insufficiency 112 -, venous ulcers 113 chronic refractory osteomyelitis 112, 117, 118 -, acute osteomyelitis 117, 119 -, bone healing 112, 120 -, chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis

117 -, -, tendoperiostitis 117 -, chronic suppurative osteomyelitis 117 -, -, osteopetrosis 117 -, -, pycnodysostosis 117 -, cierny-Mader classification 118 -, malignant external otitis 118 -, maxillo-facial osteomyelitis 112 -, pseudomonas aeruginosa 118 -, skin flaps 119 -, skin grafts 119 chronic vascular insufficiency 111

classification of limb ischemia 572 clinical forms 185 clinical use of HBO during pregnancy 308 clostridial cellulitis 350 clostridial myonecrosis 343, 345, 352, 362 -, clostridial spores 362 -, gas-producing infections 345 clostridial myositis 350, 363 -, alpha toxin 363 -, oxidation-reduction potential 363 -, toxins 363 clostridium 362 clostridium Welchii 362 coagulation disorders 196

collagen deposition 487 -, collagen crosslinking 489 -, RNA/DNA ratio 491 -, synthetic activity of wound cells 489 -, tensile strength of incisional wounds 489 colloids 193 compartment syndrome 102, 462 complement system 224 -, acute and chronic changes 226 -, Cs• 225 -, neutrophil activation 225 -, vascular gas bubbles 226 compromised flaps 462 compromised skin grafts 111

concerned population of divers 183 continuous education 866 controindications in use of hyperbaric oxy-

gen therapy 603 convulsions 65 coronary angiography 325 -, arterial pressure 325 -, transcutaneous saturimeters 325 coronary circulation 313 -, arterial content 313 -, automatic impulse formation 313 -, cardiac input 313 -, conduction system 313 -, contraction 313 -, coronary blood flow 313 -, coronary reserve 313 -, oxygen delivery 313 -, oxygen extraction 313 corticoids 195 -, dexamethasone 195 -, glucocorticoids 195 cost-Benefit 879 cost-Efficiency 879 crepitant anaerobic cellulitis 350 CREST syndrome 448 critical care 509 critical leg ischemia 577 critical leg ischemia and hyperbaric oxygen

therapy 578 -, introduction and historical background

578 -, physiology of HBO therapy in CLI 579 crush syndrome 666 crystalloids 193 cyanide poisoning 514 -, diagnosis 516 -, injury 516 -, toxicology 514 -, treatment 516

D DAN 249-251, 259, 260 -, 24-h emergency 251 -, asthma 251

Subject Index

-, chamber assistance program 263 -, DAN America 263 -, DAN Australia 263 -, DAN Europe 263 -, DAN Japan 263 -, decompression illness 253 -, DES 263 -, dive accident insurance program 261 -, Diving Emergency Service 263 -, education programs 260 -, F.G. Hall Hyperbaric Center 252 -, insurance 251 -, International DAN 263 -, oxygen first-aid course 261 -, research 259 Databases 265 DCI 135 DCS 193 -, anti-aggregant therapy 193 -, haemorrhagic risks 193 DCS I 254 -, pain-only DCS 254 DCS II 254 deaths 258 -, drowning 258 -, entrapment 258 -, insufficient air supply 258 -, Scuba diving 258 decompression accidents 200 decompression accidents during recreatio-

nal diving 183 -, epidemiology 183 decompression illness 135, 249, 254, 265 -, Ancillary cares 165 -, cerebral arterial gas embolism 254 -, classification of decompression illness

136 -, clinical manifestations 140 -, decompression illness therapy 144 -, differential diagnosis 170 -, follow-up 177 -, management and therapeutic strategy 168 -, recompression treatment tables 147 -, return to diving 177 -, symptoms -, -, Arterial gas embolism 254 -, type I 249 -, type II 249 decompression illness final report 96 -, definition, physiopathology and epide­

miology of decompression illness 96

Subject Index

-, treatment of DCI 98

decompression sickness 192, 249, 254

-, symptoms 254 decompression sickness in recreational di-

vers 187 -, pre-hospital treatment 187 decubitus ulcers 498 -, transcutaneous oxygen tension 498 delayed fetal growth 792 -, with HBO 793 dermatitis 781 dextrans 193 diabetes and atherosclerosis 576 diabetes mellitus 531 -, atherosclerosis 538

-, classification 533 -, coronaropathy 538 -, diabetic macroangiopathic 537 -, diagnostic criteria 531 -, epidemiology 535 -, glycosylated haemoglobin 539 -, insulin therapy 539 -, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 533 -, long-term complications 536 -, microangiopathic complications 536, 537 -, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

534 -, oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) 533 -, oral hypoglycaemic agents 539

-, therapy 539 diabetic 450, 452 diabetic foot lll, 542 -, epidemiology 542 diabetic patients 665 diabetic ulcers 449, 498 -, cellulitis 449 -, diabetic foot 498 -, doppler evaluation 498 -, osteomyelitis 449 -, transcutaneous oxygen measurements

498 -, ulcer tissue p02 498 diagnosis of flap problems 464 -, clinical evaluation 464 -, low arterial inflow 464 -, partial venous congestion 464 -, total arterial confusion 464 -, total venous occlusion 464 diagnostic-therapeutic protocol 554 -, antibiotic and antiseptic therapy 560 -, classification of ulcerative lesions 555 -, haemorheological therapy 560 -, infection 556 -, metabolic control 559 -, neuropathy 558

-, protocol HBO 561

-, surgical curettage 559

-, vascular disease 558 -, vascular procedures 561 dive profiles 268 diver deaths 258 -, aged 40 years or above 258 -, cardiovascular condition 258 diver experience 255 -, DCI 255 Divers Alert Network 249, 250 -, insurance 250 diving facilities 256

-, age 257 -, certification 257 -, contributing factors 258

-, gender 257 -, U.S. diving facilities 256 -, University of Rhode Island 256 diving fatality 267 diving medical problem 266 diving-related tourism 265 drugs 192

E echocardiogram 320 Echocardiography 320 -, ischaemic Mitral Regurgitation 321 echocardiography -, Akinesia 321

-, Hypokinesia 321 Ecthyma 781 Educational Requirements 865 Electrocardiogram 319 -, atrial Fibrillation 319 -, atrio-ventricular Blocks 319 -, hypokinetic Forms 319 -, -, sinusal Bradicardia 319 -, left And Right Bundle Branch Block 319 -, premature Atrial Complexes 319 -, premature Ventricular Complexes 319 -, sinus Tachycardia 319 -, ventricular Fibrillation 319 Endothelial Lesions 192 Endothelin 1 and HBO -, vasoconstrictor action 846 endothelin 1 and HBO 846 endothelium 224 environmental conditions 754 -, drying systems 755 -, noise level 755 -, temperature and humidity conditions 754 environmental factors 267 epidermolysis bullosa 781

-, bacterial superpositions 782 -, bullates 782 -, cohesion defect 781 -, dermatoses 782 -, decollement of the respiratory mucosa

782

-, hereditary diseases 781 -, junction dystrophic forms 782 -, problems for the anaesthesiologist 782 -, prophylaxis 782 -, skin fragility 781 erysipelas 781 erythrasma 781 erythrocyte filtration technique 63 etiopathogenesis 136 European Committee for Hyperbaric Medi-

cine (ECHM) 875 exhaled gas evacuation 752 -, closed-circuit television 753 -, fire-prevention 754 -, lighting 753 -, verbal communication systems 754

F fatalities 249 -, noncertified 249 female divers 255 Fenton reaction 60 -, ceruloplasmine 61 -, glutathione 61 -, transferrin 61 -, vitamin A 61 -, vitamin C 61 -, vitamin E 61 fetal hypotrophy due to placental failure

798 -, chronic fetal suffering 800 fibroblast proliferation 84

fire 717 -, excape 718 -, fire systems 718 -, prevention of fires 717 -, relative humidity 717 flap 466 flap classification 463 -, axial flap 463 -, random flap 463 fluorquinolones 704 foot wounds 450 Fournier 343, 348 Fournier's gangrene 350 -, synergistic necrotizing cellulitis 350 Fournier's gangrene (or Fournier's disease)

351

free flaps 462 free radicals of oxygen 59 free tissue transfer 470, 472

G

Subject Index

Gangrene foudroyante de la verge 343 -, Fournier's gangrene 343 gas bubbles 223 gas embolism 229 -, adjunctive measures 241 -, laboratory measurements 235 -, manifestations 232 -, -, clinical presentation 232 -, pathophysiology 229 -, -, arterial gas embolism 230 -, -, venous gas embolism 229 -, radiographic assessment 233 -, treatment 235 -, -, initial treatment 235 -, -, recompression treatment 237 gas gangrene 101, 345, 350, 352, 362, 365 -, anaerobic cellulitis 367 -, anaerobic clostridial myonecrosis 367 -, bronze erysipelas 366 -, clostridial cellulitis 365 -, clostridial myonecrosis 365 -, escherichia coli 367 -, hemolytic-uremic syndrome 366 -, infected vascular gangrene 367 -, symptomatic psychosis 366 -, toxic psychosis 366 gas gangrene scheme 355 gas-blood interface 223 gelatins 193 Genus Clostridium 364 -, circulating Factor 364 -, clostridium Butyricum 364 -, exotoxins 364 -, fibrinolysin 364 -, kappa Toxin 364 -, lecithinase-a 364 -, lecithinase-b 364 -, lecithinase-c 364 -, lecithinase-d 364 -, mu Toxin 364 -, neuraminidase 364 -, nu Toxin 364 -, theta Toxin 364 genus clostridium -, alpha toxin 364 -, bursting factor 364 -, C. bifermentans 364, 365 -, C. fallax 364, 365 -, C. histolyticum 365

Subject Index

-, C. novyi 364, 365 -, C. perfringens 364, 365 -, C. septicum 364, 365 -, C. sordelli 365 -, C. sphenoides 365 -, C. sporogenes 364, 365 -, C. tertium 365 Grafts 472 -, recipient Bed 472 -, skin Grafting 473 Granulation 451 Granulation Tissue 452 Granuloma Gangraenescens -, chronic Rhinitis 782 -, destructive Processes 783 -, necrotizing Angitis 782 -, necrotizing Focal And Glomerular Lesi-

ons 782 -, necrotizing Granuloma 782 -, parana sal Sinuses 782 -, purpura Fulminans 783 -, pyoderma Gangrenosum 783 Granuloma gangraenescens -, Wegener's granulomatosis 782 granuloma gangraenescens 782 group a streptococcus 475

H haemoconcentrations 193 -, capillary perfusion pressure 193 -, microcirculation 193 -, vascular permeability 193 -, volemia 193 haemodilution 194 -, anti-sludge 194 haemolysis 64 haemorrhagic radiation cystitis 111

Hansen's disease 782 -, borderline 782 -, glove-and-stocking anaesthesia 782 -, insensitive lepromas 782 -, leproides 782 -, maculae 782 -, mycobacterium leprae 782 -, papulae 782 -, peripheral neuropathy 782 -, plaques 782 -, polyneuritis 782 -, Schwann's cells 782 -, therapy 782 -, tubercular 782 HBO 465, 879, 880 -, adverse effects 522 -, application 879

-, carbon monoxide intoxication 881 -, complicated refractory soft tissue and

bone lesions 882 -, complications 522 -, criteria 465 -, diabetic gangrene 882 -, drug therapy 524 -, during pregnancy 309 -, gas gangrene 881 -, indications 879 -, necrotizing soft tissue infections 882 -, neurological decompression sickness and

arterial gas embolism 880 -, predictive model 879 -, side effects 522 HBO and MODS 846 -, antibiotics in sepsis 847 -, hemodynamic monitoring 847 -, therapeutic effect 846 HBO in pregnancy 791 HBO in the treatment of ischemia-

reperfusion syndrome 585 HBO therapy final report 99 -, acute indications 99 -, therapy indication 110

HBO therapy in massive arterial air embo­lism 776

-, "rationale" for HBO therapy 779 -, Management of massive air embolism

777 HBO therapy in sternal wound infections

765 -, anatomy of the internal thoracic artery

766 -, postoperative sternal wound infections

768 -, sternal closure by Robicsek's technique

771

-, surgical treatment 770 -, usefulness of HBO therapy 772 HBO treatment 544 -, bone infection and osteogenesis 554 -, infection 552 -, macroangiopathy 545 -, microangiopathy 548 -, neuro-vasculopathy 549 -, oedema 552 -, tissue repair 553 -, vasculopathy 545 HBO treatment quality 696 HBO treatment scheme 357 healing of fractures 500 -, autoradiography 501 -, breaking strength 501 -, callus luxurians 501

-, collagenous matrix 501 -, growth of callus 501 -, mineralization 501 -, uptake of radioactive calcium 501 healing of open wounds 492 -, contraction 492 -, epithelization 492 heart damage 312 Hebler 343 -, hemolytic streptococci 344 -, hospital gangrene 344 -, Jones 344 -, McCrea 344 -, Meleney 344 -, Stevens 344 hemodynamic evaluation and cardiac out­

put: altered 89 hemodynamic evaluation and cardiac out­

put: normal 89 hemolytic streptococcus gangrene 344, 350,

352 -, cullen 344 -, meleney's ulcer 3~4 histotoxic hypoxemia 314 hospital facility 865 hospital medical treatment 192 hydrosadenitis 781 hydroxyethyl starch 193 hyperbaric chamber 509, 741 -, diameter 743 -, equipment 743 -, evolution 741 -, future trends 741 -, history 741 -, main safety standards 744 -, safety regulations 743 hyperbaric chambers 715 hyperbaric oxygen 75, 326, 346, 356, 362,

371, 375, 389, 475, 812 -, ARDS (Adult Respiratory Distress Syn-

drome) 75 -, artificial saliva 815 -, C. perfringens 373, 374 -, C. tetani 373 -, catalases 375 -, chewing gum 815 -, chloramphenicol 374 -, clarifying the demarcation 376 -, clindamycin 374 -, clinical conditions 45 -, clostridial cellulitis 374 -, clostridial myonecrosis 374 -, clostridial myositis 374 -, clostridium welchii 375 -, erythromycin 374

Subject Index

-, free-radical degrading enzymes 375 -, gas gangrene toxin 373 -, life-saving 376 -, limb-and-tissue-saving 376 -, lincomycin 374 -, monoplace chamber 376 -, monoplace chambers 42 -, multiplace chamber 376 -, multiplace chambers 42 -, oxygen-free radicals 375 -, penicillin 374 -, peroxidases 375 -, pilocarpine 814 -, potassium penicillin 374 -, sodium penicillin 374 -, superoxide dismutases 375 -, tracheobronchial irritation 75 -, vancomycin 374 hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) 65 hyperbaric oxygen therapy 81, 509, 608,

809,879 -, cerebral ischemia 809 -, dose 81 -, dose titration 81 -, early neurological sequelae 810 -, hydroxyproline monitoring 90 -, in-water rehabilitation techniques 809 -, laser doppler flowmetry 90 -, neurological complications of decom-

pression sickness 809 -, neurological decompression sickness 809 -, neurorehabilitation 809 -, oxygen underwater breathing apparatus

810 hyperbaric oxygen therapy in ophthalmo-

logy 595 -, plug system 596 -, resistance to damage 596 hyperbaric oxygen therapy protocol 89 hyperbaric oxygenation 35, 509 -, alveolar gases (at different environmental

pressures) 35 -, dissolved O2 content 38 -, physiology 35 -, -, bubble-mediated diseases 35 -, -, heliox 35 -, -, infections 35 -, -, ischemic 35 -, -, nitrox 35 -, -, toxicosis 35 -, total oxygen-carrying capacity of the

blood 37 hyperbaric respiration 8 hyperbaric systems for intensive care 744 -, chamber "total opening" 748

Subject Index

-, different assembly of hyperbaric chamber 748

-, double-compartment hyperbaric cham­bers 746

-, greater costs for hyperbaric chambers 746

-, hyperbaric chamber for intensive care 744

-, monoplace chambers 744

-, portholes 749 hyperbaric treatment 200 -, heliox 203 -, nitrox 202 -, oxygen 204 hyperoxia 65 hyperoxic-induced vasoconstriction 40

hyperoxy 75 hypoxemic hypoxemia 314

hypoxia 509

I-DAN 249 immediate care by divers 187 -, important symptoms 188 -, minor symptoms 187 impetigo 781 in-water rehabilitation 809 increased oxygen tensions in wound healing

487 indication for hbo in critical leg ischemia

580 -, adjunctive therapy 585 -, criteria for patient selection 580 -, diagnostic workup 583 -, follow up 585 -, scheme of treatment 583 -, surgical treatment 584 indications of use of hyperbaric oxygen

therapy in ophthalmology 596 -, use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the

treatment of mucormycosis 601 -, use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in tre­

atment of optic neuropathy caused by radiation 598

infected pseudo-arthrosis, see infections, osteomyelitis

infections -, osteomyelitis 419 inflammatory process 192 -, inflammation mediators 192 infusion support 730 -, free fall 730 -, pump and/or electrical syringe 730 injury to the basal ganglia 306

international dan 249

intertrigo 781 intracapillary thrombolysis 84 intracranial pressure monitoring 631 intubation 648 invasive pressure monitoring 630

"ischaemic penumbra" 192 ischaemia 312, 509, 518 ischemia reperfusion injury 456 ischemia-reperfusion injury 457 -, pathophysiology 457 ischemia-reperfusion microcirculation 460

K Krogh cylinder 40

L laser Doppler flow measurement 657 leucocytes 224 lipidic peroxidation 76 -, alpha-toxopherol 76 -, ascorbic acid 76 -, tyopronin 76 -, type-ii pneumocystosis 76 local hypoxia 84 low arterial inflow 466 lungs 75 Lyell's syndrome 781, 785 -, anaemia 786 -, bullate dermopathies 785 -, cardiac disorder 786 -, creatinine kinase increase 786 -, dehydration 786 -, electrolytic disorder 786 -, epidermolytic toxin 786 -, eritrodermie avec epidermolysis 785 -, HBO protocol 787 -, hepatonephritic bronchopulmonary com-

plications 786 -, hyberbaric emergency 785 -, hyperthermal phenomenon 788 -, hypovolemic shock 786 -, laryngeal localization 787 -, lymphopenia 786 -, Nikolski's sign 786 -, nutrition 788 -, proteidic depletion 786 -, Stevens-Johnson's syndrome 786 -, toxic epidermal necrolysis 785 -, tracheotomy 787 -, tremor 786 -, Tzanck's cytodiagnostic test 786 lymphangitis 781

M macrophagic angiogenetic factor 84 malondialdehyde and exhaled alkani 76 mandibular osteoradionecrosis 111

maxillofacial osteomyelitis and osteora-dionecrosis 502

-, adjunctive therapy 502 -, coordinating hyperbaric oxygen with sur-

gery 503 -, pathophysiology 502 -, university of miami protocol 503 maxillofacial osteomyelitis and osteora­

dionecrosis improves vascularity 502 maxillofacial osteomyelitis and osteora­

dionecrosis stimulates osteogenesis 502 measurements of oxygen tension in tissue

495 -, detection of hypoxic tissue 496 -, near infrared reflectance spectrophoto-

metry 496 -, optode 496 -, red cell flux 495 -, response to hyperbaric oxygen 496 -, spin resonance techniques 496 -, tissue-track 496 -, transcutaneous p02 495 mechanisms of action of oxygen 711 medical apparatus 719 medical director 865 -, background 866 -, European Diving Technology Committee

(EDTC) 868 -, European Undersea Biomedical Society

(EUBS) 868 -, Foundation for the International Con-

gress on Hyperbaric Medicine 868 -, functions 866 -, hyperbaric specialist 866 -, postgraduate courses 867 -, regulations of work under pressure esta-

blished by the European Union 868 -, Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical So-

ciety (UHMS) 868

medical oxygen 849 -, characteristics 850 -, -, physical and chemical data of oxygen

851

-, distribution 859 -, -, central sources of supply 859 -, guidelines for maintenance 853 -, guidelines for reserve supplies 852 -, production 854 -, requirements for distribution systems

856

Subject Index

-, requirements for monitoring and alarm systems 857

-, safety standards 859 -, -, distribution system 860 -, -, guidelines for emergency procedures

862 -, -, monitoring and alarm systems 860 -, -, requirements for central source of

supply 860 -, -, terminal units 861 -, -, testing, commissioning and certifica-

tion 862 -, storage and transport 855 meleney's ulcer 350 -, erysipelas 350 -, fillet procedure 351 -, hospital gangrene 350 -, suppurative fasciitis 350 methodology of oxygen measurements 674 metronidazole 707 microvascular transfer 477 migration of new epithelial cells 84 minimal personal requirements 865 MODS 512 monitoring 725 -, blood gases 726 -, cerebral 728 -, haemodynamic 727 -, mechanical Ventilation 725 -, oxygen jugular blood saturation (Sj02)

730 monitoring of ECG 628 monitoring of EEG 629 monitoring of evolution 696 monitors 627 monitors placed outside the hyperbaric

chamber 626 monitors with telemetry 626 monoplace chamber 355, 357 monoplace chambers 35 multiplace chamber 355, 357 multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 512 multiple sclerosis 111

myocardial damage 317 myocardial hypoxemia 315 -, A3 cytochrome 315 -, akinesis 316 -, cardiac output 316 -, CO 315 -, haemoglobin 315 -, hypokinesis 316 -, myocardial cells 315 -, myocardial perfusion 315 -, myoglobin 315 myocardial ischaemia 318, 320

Subject Index

myocardiopathy 318 -, acute pleuropulmonary congestion 318 -, cardiocirculatory arrest 318 -, shock 318 -, sudden death 318 myonecrosis 347, 348, 350, 368 myositis 347, 348, 368

N National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admini-

stration 250 -, U.S. Coast Guard 250 necrosis 320 necrotizing fasciitis 345, 347, 348, 350, 355,

368 necrotizing infections 473, 475 -, classify necrotizing infections 473 -, clostridial myonecrosis 473 -, Fournier's gangrene 473 -, gas gangrene 473 -, Meleney's gangrene 473 -, necrotizing fascitis 473 necrotizing soft tissue infection 343 -, aerobic and anaerobic bacterial floras 343 -, immune-compromised patients 343 -, pyodermas 343 -, scrotal and penile necrotizing fasciitis

(fournier's gangrene) 343 -, synergistic necrotizing cellulitis 343 necrotizing soft tissue infections 346 -, bacterial synergism 346 neuro-algodystrophic syndromes, see infec-

tions osteomyelitis neurological conditions 809 neurological manifestations 75 -, convulsions 75 -, dyspnea 75 neurological monitoring 762 neuropathy 454, 455 -, shoe orthosis 455 neutrophil endothelial adherence 457 neutrophil functions 460 new frontiers 817 nitrofurantoin 706 non-invasive blood pressure 632 non clostridial cellulitis 350 nonclostridial myonecrosis 352, 353, 358 nonhealing wound 452 nonhealing wounds 485 nonpolarographic techniques 674 -, laser Doppler flowmetry 674 -, mass spectroscopy (msp) 675 normobaric oxygen 326 nuclear immunoassays 324

-, indio-m 324 -, monoclonal antimyosin antibodies 324 -, radioactive isotopes 324 -, SPECT 324 -, TC-99m-Sesta MIBI 324 -, technetium-99m (Tc-99m) 324 nurses 865, 868 -, hyperbaric nurses 869

o O2 and mononuclear leukocyte 54 obstetrical indications for hyperbaric oxy-

gen therapy 798 oedema 192, 509, 518 -, inflammation mediators 192 oligaemic hypoxemia 314 optical methods and others 675 orthopedic disorders 409 -, compartmental syndromes 415 -, crush syndromes 415 -, gasseous gangrene 415 -, indications 414 -, infections 419 -, -, infected pseudo-arthrosis 420 -, -, neuro-algodystrophic syndromes 421 -, -, osteomyelitis 419 -, -, plastic and reconstructive surgery 423 -, -, post-operative ischaemia 425 -, -, post-traumatic oedema 424 -, oxygen-bone relation 409 -, oxygen-soft tissue relation 412 osteoradionecrosis HI

osteoradionecrosis of the mandible 390 -, radiation cystitis 396 -, radiation proctocolitis 397 -, soft tissue radionecrosis 395 other equipment 762 others 865 oto-sinusal barotrauma 266 -, injury 266 oxidation damage 76 oxidative stress 62 -, diene conjugation 63 -, electron spin-resonance spectroscopy 63 -, malondialdehyde 63 oxygen 59, 81, 253 -, arterial oxygen content 81 -, blood-flow 81 -, lactic acidosis 83 -, oxygen utilization 81 -, perfusion 83 -, sepsis 83 oxygen and mix supply systems 749 -, "helmet" 750

-, intermittent flow supply system (scuba) 750

-, total body "bubble" 751 -, unidirectional circuits 750 oxygen and radiotherapy 817 oxygen first aid 253, 270 oxygen free radicals 457 oxygen inhalation therapy 516 -,100 oxygen measurements in tissue 46 -, actual tissue measurements of O2 49 -, near-infrared spectroscopy 47 -, polarography 46 oxygen saturation monitoring 631 oxygen therapy 326 oxygen tolerance 69 -, beta-endorphin 70 -, interleukin-1-alpha 71 -, pargyline 71 -, prostaglandin Fl 71 -, thromboxane B2 71 -, tumor necrosis factor (TNE) 71 -, vasopressin 70 oxygen toxicity 43, 75 oxygen toxicity mechanisms 18 oxygen training 253 oxygen transport 38 -, capillaries 39 -, Krogh 39 -, microvascular level 38 oxygen transport compartment 672 oxygen transport compartment (macrocir-

culation) 672 oxygen transport compartment (microcircu-

lation) 673 oxygen transport evaluation 89 oxygen uptake compartment 670 oxygen-dependent function 84 oxygenation 516 oxymetry 670 -, introduction 670

p

pain-only dcs -, dcs i 254 partial venous congestion 468 patent foramen oVale 259 pentoxifylline 194 peripheral circulation 89 -, ankle systolic pressure 89 -, ankle/arm pressure 89 -, laser doppler microcirculation 89 phagocytic killing 52 photocoagulation 610

Subject Index

physiological cardiovascular effects 29 physiology of hyperbaric oxygen 3 pigmentous retinopathy 608 plasma extravasation 518 plasmatic deficit 192 plastic and reconstructive surgery, see in-

fections, osteomyelitis platelet clustering 316 -, disseminated patching necrosis 317 -, mural thrombus 317 P02 75 polarography 000 -, micro- and macro polarographic p02

needle electrodes 678 -, tw%ne-way tissue tonometry

with/without insertion of a polaro­graphic oxygen sensor 677

polymorphonucleate leukocyte killing ac­tivity 84

post-anoxic encephalopathy 105 post-operative ischaemia, see infections,

osteomyelitis post-traumatic oedema, see infections,

osteomyelitis postantibiotic effect 701, 703 postoperative progressive bacterial synergi-

stic gangrene 344, 345 -, bacterial synergy 344 -, -, bacterial synergism 344 -, -, mixed infections 344 -, hemolytic staphylococcus aureus 344 -, microaerophilic nonhemolytic streptococ-

cus 344 -, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) 345 -, polymorphonuclear leukocytes 345 posttraumatic ischemic lesions 499 -, compartment syndrome 499 -, crush injuries 499 -, postischemic edema 499 -, transcutaneous oxygen measurements

499 pre-hospital medical care 188 -, associated drug therapy 189 -, evacuation 190 -, fluid resuscitation 189 -, oxygenation 189 predisposition to dci 256 preliminary patient evaluation 89 principal actions of hyperbaric oxygen 31 -, action on the arterial and venous cycle

32 -, activities favouring "risk" implants 33 -, bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic activity

31 problem wound evaluation form 453

Subject Index

problem wounds 443, 496

profound folliculitis 781

progressive bacterial gangrene 346-349, 354, 368

-, bacterial synergism 349 -, ecthyma gangrenosum 349 -, gangrenous erysipelas 349 -, gangrenous impetigo 349 -, necrotizing erysipelas 349 -, phagedaena geometrica 349 -, pyoderma gangrenosum 349

-, symbiotic gangrene 349 progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene

348 pulmonary effects 75 pulmonary interstitial fibrosis 75 pulmonary oedema 75 -, intra-alveolar haemorrhage 75 -, oedema 75 -, pleural effusions 75 pulmonary oxygen toxicity 68

purpura fulminans 781, 783 -, administration of anticoagulants 783 -, coagulation problems 783 -, description of a case 783

-, ecchymotic lesions 783 -, fatal disorder 783 -, fibrinogenopenia 783 -, healing process 784 -, intravascular microthrombosis 783 -, necroticans 783 -, phlegmasia caerulea dolens 783 -, post-scarlatiniform 783 -, postinfective purpura 783 -, purpurae 783 -, pyoderma gangrenosum 783 -, treatment 783 pyoderma gangrenosum 499, 781, 784 -, case 784 -, cholecystitis 784 -, chronic development 784 -, effect of HBO 784 -, epithelizing process 785 -, erythematous and oedematous skin 785 -, erythematous mark 784 -, fibrinogen deficiency 784 -, HBO therapy 785 -, healing process 784 -, lymphadenopathy 785 -, minor anaemia 784 -, proteinaemia alterations 784 -, pyelonephritis 784 -, red ulcerations 784 -, sedimentation rate 784 -, serious deficiencies 784

-, serohaematic bullates 784

-, specific therapy 785

-, therapy 784 -, ulcerative alterations 784

-, ulcerative colitis 784

-, ulcerative lesion 785

pyodermitis 781

R radiation enhancement by HBO in clinical

practice 820

-, "unsealed source" brachytherapy or ze­totherapy in children with recurrent neuroblastoma stage IV 821

-, clinical aspects 824

-, epidemiological aspects of neuroblastoma 823

-, hyperbaric oxygen 824 -, materials and methods 824

-, meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine (MIBG) and meta-131iodo-benzyl guanidine (M-131IBG) 822

-, patients 825

radiation tissue damage 112, 114, 473

-, angiogenesis 115, 473 -, cystitis 112

-, enteritis 112

-, haemorrhagic radiation cystitis 115

-, laryngeal necrosis 112

-, mandibular osteoradionecrosis 112, 115 -, myelitis 112 -, neovascularization 114 -, obliterative endarteritis 114 -, optic neuropathy 116 -, osteoradionecrosis 116 -, proctitis 112, 116

-, radiation cystitis 115 -, radiation myelitis 116

-, soft tissue radionecrosis 115, 116 -, tooth extraction 116

-, xerostomia 112, 116

radiation-induced xerostomia 812

radionecrosis 387

random 466 random flap 466 random ischemia 465 rapid ascent 258

recreational diving 265

refractory osteomyelitis 111, 501 -, bone tissue gases 501 -, staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis 501

reperfusion injury 462, 471

900

replantation 460, 462 resistance to infection 492 -, chronic granulomatous disease 493

-, local oxygen tension 492

-, oxidative burst 493

respiratory monitoring 759

-, control of Fi02 759 -, ventilation control 760

respiratory systems 718

results printout 638 -, frozen display pages 641 -, timed recording 641 -, trends 641

resuscitation 510, 512 -, morbidity 510 -, mortality 510 -, pathophysiology 511 -, physiopathology 511 retinal toxic effects 68

retinis pigmentosa 608

-, "bare bones" peripheral deposits 609 -, a decay first of the rods and later of the

cones 608 -, adaptometry 609 -, adventitia of the vessel proliferates 608

-, alterations of the choroid membrane 608 -, atrophy of the optic nerve 608 -, chromatic sensitivity 609 -, dominant autosomic heredity 608 -, electroretinography (ERG) 609 -, flicker fusion 609 -, fundus oculi, with retinography 609 -, gliosis of the retina and of the optic disk

608 -, hereditary patterns 608 -, introcular pressure 609 -, pigmented epithelium cells -, -, proliferation and migration 608 -, recessive autosomic heredity 608 -, recessive heredity related to gender 608 -, sporadic cases 608

-, visual acuity 609 -, visual evoked response (ver) 609 -, visual field 609 risk factors 269 -, fatigue 270 -, itching 270 -, loss of consciousness 270

-, malaise 270 -, serious symptoms 270 -, signs and symptoms 269 risk of recreational diving 271 ritter's exfoliating dermatitis 781

S scuba diving 265

-, risk 265

Subject Index

selection of HBO-prescribed cases 693

self-standing centre 865

self-standing hyperbaric centre 865

sepsis model 707

shunt fraction 89

SIRS 512

smoke inhalation injury 509

soft tissue infections 343

-, fillet procedures 354

-, hyperbaric oxygen 354

-, surgical treatment 354

soft tissue mixed infections 103

soft tissue radiation damage 111

soft tissue radiation necrosis 499

specific educational profile 865

spinal decompression sickness 809

spirometry 77

sport activities 266

sport scuba diving 192

staff 865

staff requirements 865

statement of various laws of physics 8 -, Boyle-Mariotte law 8 -, Charles's or Gay-Lussac's law 9 -, diffusion 9 -, Henry's law 9 -, partial Pressure (Pp) law or Dalton's law

9 statistical evaluation 271

storage of O2 in the organism 15

streptococcal 348

streptococcal myositis 475

streptococcal necrotizing cellulitis 477 stroke 809

stunned myocardium 321

suction and drainage 732

suction systems 752

suctioning and drainage procedures 654

sudden deafness 106

sulfonamides 705

superficial folliculitis 781

survival of skin flaps 500

-, experimental evidence 500

-, implanted silastic tonometer 500

-, study in patients 500

-, tissue gas tensions 500

Subject Index

synergistic necrotizing cellulitis 348, 351-353, 358 '

systemic inflammatory response syndrome 512

systemic lupus 448

T TcPOz transcutaneous oxygen pressure 89 -, as quality control 663 -, in acute posttraumatic limb ischemia 695 -, in refractory arterial skin ulcer 695 -, critical values for HBO patient selection

694 -, in diabetic foot lesion 695 -, in musculocutaneous skin flap 695 -, interpretation of data 664 -, protocol for HBO patient selection 693 technicians 865, 874 teicoplanin 705 temperature monitoring 632 therapeutic adjunct 503 -, bone lesions 503 -, management of wounds 503 "therapeutic window" 192 therapy of infections 494 -, infection 494 -, oxidant generation from molecular oxy-

gen 495 -, oxygen toxicity 495 -, tissue pOz 494 thrombosis 196 -, platelet 196 thrombotic phenomena 196 tissue damage 62 tissue oxygen measurements 674 687 -, advantages of TcPOz measures 688 -, calibration for TcPOz measures 689 -, clark's polarographic electrode 688 -, clinical uses 693 -, interpretation of transcutaneous oxygen

pressure measurement 691 -, limitations of TcPOz measures 688 -, preparation for TcPOz measures 689 tissue oxygen pressure 686 tissue oxygenation 445 tissue perfusion 445 tissue proteolysis 84 topical antimicrobials 475 topical hyperbaric oxygen 498 total arterial occlusion 466 total venous occlusion 468, 469 toxic responses to hyperbaric oxygen 43 tracheobronchitis 75 transcutaneous oximetry 445

901

transcutaneous oxygen pressure measure-ments 656

transcutaneous oxymetry 661 -, functioning 662 -, -, operative notes 662 -, history 661 -, introduction 661 transcutaneous pOz electrodes 680 transport of COz under hyperbaric conditi-

ons 7 transportable hyperbaric chamber 865 traumatic amputation 456 treatment of cardiological emergencies 731 trimethoprim 705 troponin T (TnT) 322 tumour blood flow and tumour oxygenation

819 tumour oxygenation and radiotherapy 817 type-II epithelial alveolar cells 76 -, alveoli 76 -, capillary endothelium 76 -, hyperbaric oxygen 76 -, interstitial fibroblasts 76 -, mechanism 76 -, pulmonary volume 76 types of decompression procedure 184 types of dives involved 184

U ubiquity of toxic effects of oxygen 22 -, monitoring the patient 25 -, prevention 28 -, pulmonary effects 23 -, symptomatology and anatomical-

pathological pictures 27 undesired side effects and complications in

hyperbaric oxygen therapy 601 -, myopia and cataract 602 -, scotomas 602 unit pulmonary toxic dose -, acidbase balance 79 -, acidosis 79 -, convulsive crisis 80 -, damage 78 -, prevention method 79 -, pulmonary dynamic "compliance" 79 -, respiratory decompensation 79 -, symptomatology and anatomopathologi-

cal histories 78 -, vital capacity 78 unit pulmonary toxic dose (UPTD) 77 use of HBO on the skin 781

902

V vancomycin 705 variables of the level of tissue oxygenation

20 vascular hypercoagulability 192 vascular visual pathology 107 vasoconstrictors 458 -, beta-2-integrin (DC,s chain) 458 -, carbon monoxide 459 -, compliment C5a 459 -, endothelin 459 -, integrins 458 -, leukotriene B4 459 -, microcirculatory model 459 -, monoclonal antibody 459 -, neutrophil endothelial adherence 459 -, nitric oxide 459 -, platelet activating factor 459 -, proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-l

459 -, skip flap 459 -, thromboxane A2 459 -, tumor necrosis factor 459 -, vasoconstriction 459 vasodilators 192 194 -, arterial vasodilators 194 -, minor vasodilators 194 -, venous vasodilators 194 Vd/Vt evaluation 89 venous diseases 592 venous stasis ulcers 497 -, chronic venous insufficiency 497 -, chronic wound healing 497 -, compression bandage 497 venous ulcers 668 ventilation support 720 -, endotracheal tube 725 -, ideal hyperbaric ventilators 723 -, pressure-cycled ventilators 722 -, time-cycled ventilators 723 -, ventilation circuit 725 -, volume-cycled ventilators 722 ventilatory assistance in hyperbaric cham­

bers 756

Subject Index

-, pneumatic type 757 -, regulated electronically 757 -, ventilators 757 ventilatory support 649 -, respiratory monitoring 650 -, standard airway care 650 ventricular repolarization abnormalities 319 -, myocardial anoxia 319 vital capacity 77

W women and diving 211 -, contraception 212 -, dysbarism sensibility 212 -, pregnancy 213 wound architecture 485 wound conversion 518 wound diagnosis 445 wound healing 110, 443 -, collagen synthesis 444 -, oxygen tension 444 wound management 446 -, bacteriological control 446 -, dressing regimen 446 -, quantitative cultures 446 wound microenvironment 447 -, angiogenesis 447 -, decubitus ulcers 447 -, diabetic foot ulcers 447 -, nondiabetic arterial insufficiency wounds

447 -, vasculitic wounds 447 -, venous stasis ulcers 447 wound milieu 486 -, carbon dioxide 486 -, concentration gradients 486 -, glucose 486 -, growth-promoting substances 486 -, lactate 486 -, lactate accumulation 487 -, oxygen 486 wound-repair processes 84