pda europe 2012 annual conference –istanbul, 12-14 november a famous water power plant in rjukan...
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PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
A Famous Water Power plant in Rjukan
Amund Geicke
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Rjukan Chain
Google maps
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Rjukan Chain
Frøystul
Såheim
Inlet Moflåt
Dam Dale
Dam Mæland
Vemork
Krokan
Skarsfoss
Outlet MoflåtInlet Mæl
Outlet Mæl
Norsk Hydro
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Rjukan Chain
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Construction
• Vemork 1911
• Såheim 1915
• Frøystul 1926
• Moflåt and Mæl 1952-57
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Why is it famous?
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
History of the Vemork plantAmong the worlds largest power plants in 1911.
The Vemork factory in front of the power plant.
From 1934 the factory produced heavy water
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
• Operations Grouse and Freshman, October 1942
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid
• Operations Grouse and Freshman, October 1942
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
• Operation Gunnerside, February 1943
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
• Bombing, November 1943
• 143 B-17's
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The Vemork Raid(s)
• Sinking of D/F Rjukan
• Timed bomb
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Back to the future…
• Project initiated and planning startet in 2009.
• Inspections and concrete sampling in 2011 and 2012.
• Excecution of repair and construction works during production stops in the summer months of 2011-2014.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Design basis
• Operating time 20 years
• Low focus on visual appearance.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Scope 2012
Frøystul
Såheim
Inlet Moflåt
Dam Dale
Dam Mæland
Vemork
Krokan
Skarsfoss
Outlet MoflåtInlet Mæl
Outlet Mæl
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Skarsfoss
New dam
Inlet Skarsfoss
Demolish dam 2014
Inlet tunnel to Vemork
2 gates
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Inlet Skarsfoss
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Inlet Skarsfoss - Damages
Freezing/thawing and Cracking caused by alcali-aggregate reaction (AAR).
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Inlet Skarsfoss - assessment
• Coating will not stop AAR
• The cracking will have very small consequences the next 20 years
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Inlet Skarsfoss
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea on everything.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•New structural elements.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Scope 2012
Frøystul
Såheim
Inlet Moflåt
Dam Dale
Dam Mæland
Vemork
Krokan
Skarsfoss
Outlet MoflåtInlet Mæl
Outlet Mæl
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Krokan- Damages
Freezing/thawing and cracking caused by AAR
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Krokan- Damages
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Krokan- Damages
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Krokan - assessment
The structure does not have sufficient load bearing capasity.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Krokan - Scope
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea on everything.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•New Dam Krokan.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Scope 2012
Frøystul
Såheim
Inlet Moflåt
Dam Dale
Dam Mæland
Vemork
Krokan
Skarsfoss
Outlet MoflåtInlet Mæl
Outlet Mæl
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Spillway wall - damages
Leaching caused by poorly compacted concrete.
Cracking from AAR
Damages also downstream.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Spillway wall - assessment
• Concrete of varying quality. Especially in the lower parts of the wall.
• Difficult access downstream.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Spillway wall - Scope
Original scope:•Mechanical concrete repairs.•Polyurea on the upstream side.
Resulting scope after inspection:•New concrete wall on the lower parts.•Mechanical concrete repairs.•Polyurea on the upstream side.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Scope 2012
Frøystul
Såheim
Inlet Moflåt
Dam Dale
Dam Mæland
Vemork
Krokan
Skarsfoss
Outlet MoflåtInlet Mæl
Outlet Mæl
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Mæland
Dam MælandMåna river
Inlet duct
Inlet Moflåt
Gate housing
access to river
Såheim outlet
El. inst
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Mæland
Spillway wall
Dam, walls, bridge etc – Repair works on all concrete surfaces and railings etc.
Coffer dam
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Dam Mæland
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Bridge
Damages:
Rebar corrosion and freezing/thawing
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Bridge
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea coating on top.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea coating on top.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Pillars
Damages:
Cracking caused by AAR
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Pillars
assessment:
•Small consequences of cracking on vertical surfaces.
•Coating will not stop AAR
•Possible increased risk of damages from freezing/thawing with coating.
•Damages have little impact on the load bearing capasity.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Pillars
Original scope:•Mechanical concrete repairs.•Polyurea coating.
Resulting scope after inspection:•Mechanical concrete repairs.•Roof over horisontal surfaces.•Cleaning.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Walls
Damages:
Cracking caused by AAR
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Walls
assessment:
•Small consequences of cracking on vertical surfaces.
•Coating will not stop AAR
•Possible increased risk of damages from freezing/thawing with coating.
•Damages have little impact on the load bearing capasity.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Walls
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea coating.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Cleaning with ultra high pressure. Removing old coating.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Baseplate
Damages:
Cracking caused by AAR and Freezing/thawing
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Baseplate
assessment:
•Risk of full disintegration of baseplate within the next 20 years.
•The baseplate is critical for the function of the sealing injection screen.
•Repair costs will be almost as high as the construction cost of a new slab.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Baseplate
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•New Baseplate
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Ducts
Damages:
Cracking caused by AAR
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Ducts
assessment:
•Small consequences of cracking on vertical surfaces.
•Coating will not stop AAR
•Possible increased risk of damages from freezing/thawing with coating.
•Damages have little impact on the load bearing capasity.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Mæland - Ducts
Original scope:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Polyurea coating.
Resulting scope after inspection:
•Mechanical concrete repairs.
•Cleaning with high pressure.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Pictures 2012
Downstream wall Mæland
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Pictures 2012
Core from spillway wall Såheimstoppen.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Pictures 2012
Pillar Mæland.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
The new Dam Krokan
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Downstream wall MælandWhy don't we coat this?
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Pro coating
• Appearance
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Against coating
• Massive structures not depending on reinforcement.
• The opposite side may not always be dry. Risk of freezing/thawing damages behind coating.
• Compressive strength of concrete increases with AAR.
• Structural integrity may not always be intact.
PDA Europe 2012 Annual Conference –Istanbul, 12-14 November
Can you coat this?