Partner Discuss Part I & Partner Discuss Part I & IIII

11stst – Review Difficult Questions & – Review Difficult Questions & Ask Questions you did not Ask Questions you did not understandunderstand

22ndnd – Once all questions have been – Once all questions have been answered & identitfied….review all answered & identitfied….review all questions for remaining time.questions for remaining time.

Questions & difficulties Questions & difficulties from Depression Part Ifrom Depression Part I

Main Reason for the Main Reason for the Stock Market CrashStock Market Crash

People who invested early (in early People who invested early (in early 1920s), began cashing in their 1920s), began cashing in their stocks (selling) for high profits.stocks (selling) for high profits. People who bought stocks for $100 & People who bought stocks for $100 &

sold for $500sold for $500 Then…other people who “followed” Then…other people who “followed”

into the market (late 1920s)…began into the market (late 1920s)…began following OUT of the market.following OUT of the market.

Potential Dangers of Potential Dangers of “Buying on Margin”“Buying on Margin”

You are buying something & you don’t You are buying something & you don’t have enough money to ACTUALLY buy it!have enough money to ACTUALLY buy it!

My money = $500My money = $500 I buy something = $100I buy something = $100 Still have = $400Still have = $400

On marginOn margin

My money is $75My money is $75

Buy = $100Buy = $100

Present Day “Buying on Present Day “Buying on Margin”Margin”

Direct example = a House Mortgage Direct example = a House Mortgage (10% of the house…90% from bank)(10% of the house…90% from bank)

Other indirect examples – Credit Other indirect examples – Credit Cards, Bank loans, credit lines, Cards, Bank loans, credit lines, investment loansinvestment loans

What does Saskatchewan What does Saskatchewan suffer the most?suffer the most?

Wheat was the main product / Wheat was the main product / industry / export for Sask.industry / export for Sask.

Overproduction (price of wheat Overproduction (price of wheat decreased decreased less income for less income for farmers)farmers)

Dust bowl Dust bowl land became useless land became useless (no farming on the land)(no farming on the land) Because of overproduction & bad Because of overproduction & bad

farmingfarming

How did close How did close connection to USA make connection to USA make

depression worse for depression worse for CanadaCanada

They are Canada’s main trading They are Canada’s main trading partnerpartner

Largest investor in CanadaLargest investor in Canada USA (Parents) Canada (Child)USA (Parents) Canada (Child) Parents have no money….child has Parents have no money….child has

no money!no money!

Why USA went into Why USA went into depression?depression?

Stock Market Crash Stock Market Crash $500 million was lost in a year…$500 million was lost in a year…

How Dustbowl Made How Dustbowl Made Great Depression Worse?Great Depression Worse? Destroyed streets, cars, houses, railways, Destroyed streets, cars, houses, railways,

public transportation (with Huge public transportation (with Huge amounts dust)amounts dust)

Destroyed their farms (families had to Destroyed their farms (families had to move to another place)move to another place) Destroyed their income & jobsDestroyed their income & jobs

Negative impact on Wheat Production Negative impact on Wheat Production Can Cause famine (no food)….fragile Can Cause famine (no food)….fragile

economy of Saskatchewan (depended on economy of Saskatchewan (depended on Wheat)Wheat)

Depression Part IDepression Part I

Causes of DepressionCauses of Depression

Dust Bowl Video ClipDust Bowl Video Clip

2min 50 seconds2min 50 seconds Why DO farmers farm MORE during the Why DO farmers farm MORE during the

1920s? 1920s? HOW can farmers farm MORE during the HOW can farmers farm MORE during the

1920s?1920s? Their ability? Or the motivation?Their ability? Or the motivation?

Write 1 other thing down that stands out to Write 1 other thing down that stands out to you in this movie about the Dustbowl. (1 you in this movie about the Dustbowl. (1 interesting piece of informationinteresting piece of information

Why and How can Why and How can farmers farm MORE farmers farm MORE

during the 1920s? (class during the 1920s? (class 1)1) WHY: Earn $$ to rise out of Post WHY: Earn $$ to rise out of Post

War DepressionWar Depression

HOW: They used Knowledge of how HOW: They used Knowledge of how to farm large quantitiesto farm large quantities New Machines & New Technology New Machines & New Technology

(Tractors (“Trucks”)(Tractors (“Trucks”)

1 interesting piece of 1 interesting piece of information from the information from the

Dust Bowl video (class 1)Dust Bowl video (class 1) Even new technology can lose to the Even new technology can lose to the

environment (Mother Nature always wins!)environment (Mother Nature always wins!) Did not consider moisture aspect of soil…so Did not consider moisture aspect of soil…so

it turned into sand! (didn’t think there was it turned into sand! (didn’t think there was any consequence to their actions)any consequence to their actions)

Overcultivated / Over production Overcultivated / Over production See a horse…that lead the tractors? (Horse See a horse…that lead the tractors? (Horse

was transition between human & man)was transition between human & man) Dust bowl so serious (cars & houses were Dust bowl so serious (cars & houses were

buried!! Schools were closed!)buried!! Schools were closed!)

Interesting info cont’dInteresting info cont’d

5 million tons of soil/dirt in the air & 5 million tons of soil/dirt in the air & blew away!blew away!

Grand finale…it all grew back…Grand finale…it all grew back…mother nature was kind enough to mother nature was kind enough to give it back…and give humans give it back…and give humans another chance to NOT SCREW IT another chance to NOT SCREW IT UP!UP!

Why and How can Why and How can farmers farm MORE farmers farm MORE

during the 1920s? (class during the 1920s? (class 2)2) WHY: WHY: The world needed more wheat! The world needed more wheat!

(make a lot of $$)(make a lot of $$) Greed…make more money if you can(use Greed…make more money if you can(use

all the land)all the land) Growing population to feed in Canada & Growing population to feed in Canada &

USAUSA

HOW: HOW: Technology Revolution (new Technology Revolution (new machines to increase efficiency & increase machines to increase efficiency & increase outputoutput

1 interesting piece of 1 interesting piece of information from the information from the

Dust Bowl video (class 2)Dust Bowl video (class 2) Sandstorm is so disastrous (air is full Sandstorm is so disastrous (air is full

of sand..everything is dirty and of sand..everything is dirty and clogged with sand)clogged with sand)

Loss of wheat consumersLoss of wheat consumers Foot print of the farmers…escaped Foot print of the farmers…escaped

and left their land because its and left their land because its useless!useless!

Why and How can Why and How can farmers farm MORE farmers farm MORE

during the 1920s? (class during the 1920s? (class 3)3) WHY they farm more:WHY they farm more:

Price of wheat was profitable Price of wheat was profitable High demand for wheat around the world High demand for wheat around the world

(and also during WW1)…meant high (and also during WW1)…meant high productionproduction

HOW they farm more:HOW they farm more: They used New technology (Big machines They used New technology (Big machines

that plow the soil) Machines = do more, be that plow the soil) Machines = do more, be more efficientmore efficient

Interesting information Interesting information from the video (class 3)from the video (class 3)

Dustbowl buried cars & housesDustbowl buried cars & houses Lots of animals died (from Lots of animals died (from

duststorms)duststorms) Sands completely took over farm Sands completely took over farm

landland Terrible soil erosion & Terrible soil erosion &

desertification DUE TO people desertification DUE TO people overusing & abusing the machinesoverusing & abusing the machines

Depression Part Depression Part IIII

Response to DepressionResponse to Depression

PM KingPM King’’s Responses Response

Unprepared to deal with size of Depression Unprepared to deal with size of Depression (how big it was)(how big it was) Thought Thought ““Ah, this is only a temporary thingAh, this is only a temporary thing””

PM Response: This is not a federal govPM Response: This is not a federal gov’’t t responsibility responsibility It is municipal & Prov. It is municipal & Prov. ResponsibilityResponsibility Also, he did not want to give $ to any Conservative Also, he did not want to give $ to any Conservative

prov. Govprov. Gov’’t t ““I wont contribute a 5-cent piece to I wont contribute a 5-cent piece to any Tory (conservative) prov. Govany Tory (conservative) prov. Gov’’tt””

His attitude => lost election, replaced by His attitude => lost election, replaced by R.B. Bennett (Conservative)R.B. Bennett (Conservative)

PM BennettPM Bennett’’s Responses Response

Did not support government relief / Did not support government relief / helphelp ““One of the greatest assets a man can One of the greatest assets a man can

have on entering lifehave on entering life’’s struggle is povertys struggle is poverty””

Why? Why? When you are poor you have a dream & a When you are poor you have a dream & a

purpose to not be poorpurpose to not be poor Change your lazy mind / habits & struggle Change your lazy mind / habits & struggle Have an aim & desire…force you to work harder!Have an aim & desire…force you to work harder!

$20 Million to Prov. Gov$20 Million to Prov. Gov’’tt

However, his GovHowever, his Gov’’t gave $20million t gave $20million to provto prov’’s to create jobs s to create jobs (ie. Build roads, dig ditches, etc)(ie. Build roads, dig ditches, etc) RESULT: Economy did not improveRESULT: Economy did not improve

Tariffs will fix the Tariffs will fix the problem!!problem!!

Used Tariffs to fix the problemUsed Tariffs to fix the problem PM Increased Tariffs by 50% to protect PM Increased Tariffs by 50% to protect

Canadian businessCanadian business

RESULT= Other countries made tariffs RESULT= Other countries made tariffs against Canada products..decreased against Canada products..decreased Canadian exportCanadian export

Feelings toward BennettFeelings toward Bennett

RESULT: Canadians hated PM RESULT: Canadians hated PM BennettBennett Feared people would support Feared people would support

Communist PartyCommunist Party……ResultResult……Communist Communist party was banned in Canadaparty was banned in Canada

Work CampsWork Camps

Located deep in the forest Located deep in the forest with no with no fun things to dofun things to do

Paid men 20 cents per day + room & Paid men 20 cents per day + room & boardboard

Bad living conditionsBad living conditions

Result... Result...

On-to-Ottawa TrekOn-to-Ottawa Trek Started in British ColumbiaStarted in British Columbia Men left the work camps and jumped on Men left the work camps and jumped on

trains going to Ottawa (Capital city of trains going to Ottawa (Capital city of Canada)Canada)

More men joined along the wayMore men joined along the way

RESULT: They were stopped in WinnipegRESULT: They were stopped in Winnipeg……only the leaders were allowed to Ottawaonly the leaders were allowed to Ottawa

Result in Ottawa Result in Ottawa removed from PM removed from PM’’s s office & protesters in Winnipeg were office & protesters in Winnipeg were removed, arrested, or killedremoved, arrested, or killed

Purpose of On-to-Ottawa Purpose of On-to-Ottawa TrekTrek

Demand for better everything!Demand for better everything! Provide jobs for workersProvide jobs for workers Higher wagesHigher wages Better working conditionsBetter working conditions Etc etc etc etc etc etc etc….Etc etc etc etc etc etc etc….

Situation of the world of Situation of the world of 1930s1930s

Economic Recession / DepressionEconomic Recession / Depression People are not satisfied with their lives People are not satisfied with their lives

On welfareOn welfare Life is full of hardship & disappointmentLife is full of hardship & disappointment No jobsNo jobs No moneyNo money No foodNo food Society is down…Society is down…

Wanting changeWanting change They want someone to say I HAVE THE They want someone to say I HAVE THE

SOLUTION!SOLUTION!

Situation of the world in Situation of the world in the 1930sthe 1930s

DesperateDesperate JoblessJobless People without foodPeople without food People without moneyPeople without money

All people want :…a SOLUTION! Who All people want :…a SOLUTION! Who can fix our problems!?can fix our problems!?

Led to the rise of Fascist / DictatorshipsLed to the rise of Fascist / Dictatorships

Situation around the Situation around the world in 1930sworld in 1930s

Economic Depression!Economic Depression! No / Little jobsNo / Little jobs People are unsatisfiedPeople are unsatisfied Low wages….poor living conditionsLow wages….poor living conditions Tough access to food (high price / Tough access to food (high price /

scarcity..scarce scarcity..scarce

PEOPLE WANT A SOLUTION! They want a PEOPLE WANT A SOLUTION! They want a government & leader WITH A SOLUTION!government & leader WITH A SOLUTION! WHO Can fix this problemWHO Can fix this problem