Pakistan name

The name Pakistan is derived from the Urdu words Pak (meaning pure) and stan(meaning country).

Pakistan is the name of the certain of such an Islamic society, where the Muslim can lead their life without

any fear of non-Muslim.

Flag description: Green with a vertical white band (symbolizing the role of religious minorities) and the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam.

Historical background

Muhammad Bin Qasim's conquest

of Sind in 712 C.E and then

Islam speard in different area of

Indian sub-continent.

conquest of Multan and Lahore, Mehmood made Punjab a part of his empire in 1021.

Ghaznavid Empire

Delhi SultanateMuhammad Ghori's successors established the Delhi Sultanate. The Turkic origin Mamluk Dynasty.

Mughal Empire

• was the founder of the Mughal Empire

Akbar

BaburHe greatly expanded the Empire and is regarded as the most illustrious ruler of the Mughal Empire as he set up the empire's various institutions

JahangirJahangir set the precedent for sons rebelling against their emperor fathers. Opened first relations with the British East India Company

Under him, Mughal art and architecture reached their zenith; constructed the Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, Red Fort, Jahangir mausoleum,

Shah Jahan

AurangzebHe reinterpreted Islamic law and presented the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri

Bahadur Shah1 First of the Mughal emperors to preside over an empire ravaged by uncontrollable revolts

Bahadur Shah II

The last Mughal emperor was deposed by the British and exiled to Burma following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. End of Mughal dynasty

• The first person who realize about Muslim Shah Waliullah (1703-62). He laid the foundations of Islamic renaissance in the subcontinent and became a source of inspiration for almost all the subsequent social and religious reform movements of the 19th and 20th centuries. His immediate successors, inspired by his teachings, tried to establish a model Islamic state in the north-west of India and they, under the leadership of Sir Sayed Ahmad (1786-1831)

Meanwhile, the British had emerged as the dominant force in South Asia in 19 century they succeeded in conquering the whole of sub continent.

The man to realize the impending peril was Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (1817-1898), a witness to the tragic events of 1857. His assessment was that the Muslims' safety lay in the acquisition of western education and knowledge. He took several positive steps to achieve this objective such as :

o Educational Reformso Political reforms oWrote many books like Thazeeb-u- Akhlaq ,Kutbat-e-

Ahmadiya, Rasala Ehkam-e-taam , Sarkashi Bajnoor.Urdu Hindi Controversy 1867 at BenarasFormation of Indian National Congress in 1885 by A.O

HumeSir Syed founded the Muhammadan Educational

Conference in 1886 in this his message was simplicity in religious practices, progress in education and science and aloofness from politics.

Partition of Bengal in 1905 and its annulment in 1911.

Simla Deputation 1 Oct 1906, Sir Agha khan was the head he met the Viceroy Lord Minto.

Foundation of All India Muslim League in 1906

Minto-Morley Reforms in 1909, demand of separate election was accepted.

Quaid-e-Azam entered in Muslim League in 1911 Hindu Muslim Alliance: Lucknow Pact 1916 Khilafat Movement 1919-1924 Maulana Shukat

Ali,Maulana Ali Johar& Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad. Nehru Report 1928 Quaid-e-Azam 14 Points, 1929 Allma Iqbal Adress in 1930 Allahabad Round Table Conferences in 1930,1931 & 1932. British

Government published the white paper in 1934.Government of India Act 1935 Congress Ministries in 1936-1939 Pakistan Resolution in 23 March,1940 The Simla Conference in 1945

General Election 1945-46 , Muslim league won all the seats of the Central Assembly & almost 11 Muslims seats in Provincial Assembly.

Cabinet Mission in April 1946: to solve the Constitutional question for the independent state

3 June 1947 Plan : Mountbatten Plan of Partition & the establishment of Pakistan.

Pakistan emerged as an independent sovereign state on August 14th 1947. Founded by Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah.

Capital City: IslamabadTotal Area: 796,096 sq kmPopulation: 167,421,000

"P" for Punjab "A" for Afghania (now known as K P K)"K" for Kashmir"S" for Sindh"Tan" for Baluchistan; thus forming "Pakstan"

Ideology of Pakistan Oneness of Allah Two Nation Theory

It was on the basis of the two nation theory that Quaid –e-Azam demand the partition of British India into two states ,

The protection of Religion from Hindu peopleNational Anthem

Political Reforms

When British rulers were introducing more & more constitutional reforms & democratic principles of majority rule. These reforms threatened to turn the Muslims into permanent minority .

Geography

Pakistan is situated in the western part of the Indian

subcontinent, with Afghanistan and Iran on the west, India on

the east, the Arabian Sea on the south and the china

on the North.

The northern highlands

of Pakistan contain the

towering Karakoram which

include some of the world's

highest peaks:K2 (28,250 ft; 8,611 m) The Baluchistan Plateau lies to the west Flat Indus plain in east. Indus River and its

tributaries flow through the country from the Kashmir region to the Arabian Sea.

Invasion routes controls Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass, traditional invasion routes between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent.

• Language: Urdu (National) English (official)• Divided into 5 provinces:

Punjab

Baluchistan

Sindh

KPK Gilgit Baltistan

Neighboring Countries

China Iran

Afghanistan

India

ClimatePakistan has Four Seasons

Summer Winter

Autumn Spring

Religion

• 97% of all Pakistanis are Muslims.• 77% of the population are Sunni Muslims.• 20% are adherents of Shia Islam.• Christians, Hindus and other religions make up only 1%.• The central belief of Islam is that there is one Allah and the

prophet, Mohammed is his final messenger.• The Islamic religion recognizes both the Old & New

Testaments.• The Quran is the holy scripture of Islam and is recognized

as the Holy word of Allah.

Natural ResourcesWater Resources

Pakistan built 2 Dams one

Tarbela And second Mangla,

4 Barrages and 10 Link Canals.

Pakistan Largest River is known as River Indus which Flows from Tibet China and Enters through Pakistan by KPK. It is divided Into Two Plains.

River Indus eastern tributaries are River Jehlum, Chennab,Sutlej, Ravi. these Four Rivers Flow in Punjab.

River Indus western Tributaries are River Swat, Kabul, Kurrram, Tochi, Gomal, Zhob.

• Largest lake : Manchhar Lake• Major Crops: Wheat, cotton, rice, millet, sugar canes.• Major Fruits: mangos, oranges, bananas, apples• Main Resources: natural gas, coal, salt & iron.• Cotton, textiles, sugar, cement & chemicals play an

important role in the economy• Fishery It is also a major source of export earning.• Forestry only 4% of land in Pakistan is covered with

forests. The forests of Pakistan are a main source of food, lumber, paper, fuel wood, latex, medicine as well as used for purposes of wildlife conservation

• Pakistan has a parliamentary form government, it consists of two houses, the senate (upper house) and the national assembly (lower house)

• The senate consists of 100 members and the national assembly has a total of 342 elected members (272 general seats, 60 women, and 10 Non-Muslim seats)

• The President is elected for a 5 year term by the electoral college.

• The President MUST be Muslim.• The President may be reelected but for no more than two

consecutive terms.• Only the National Assembly can approve federal budget and

finance bills.

Government

• The Senate and National Assembly can initiate and pass legislation.

• Each province has a governor, and a council of ministers headed by a chief minister appointed by the governor and a provincial assembly.

• The Chairman of Senate is next in line to act as the President.

• The Prime Minister is appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly.

• Constitution of Pakistan made in 14 Aug 1973 which is running on….

Economy

• The economy of Pakistan is the 44th largest in the world in terms of nominal and 26th largest in terms of purchasing power parity GDP. However as Pakistan has a population of over 183 million (the world's 6th-largest), thus GDP per capita is $4,141 ranking 140th in the world. Growth poles of Pakistan's economy are situated along the Indus River.

• The Pakistani rupee  is the official currency of Pakistan. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan the central bank of the country. The most commonly used symbol for the rupee is Rs , used on receipts when purchasing goods and services.

Education

• Education is Pakistan is very poor.• The government only sets aside 3%of the annual budget for

education.• There are three types of schools: Private for the wealthy,

Public which is government run, and Religious schools.• The government run schools do not teach English and many

of them exist only on paper.• The Pakistani government estimates the literacy rate of

Pakistan to be at 47% but outside spectators beg to differ claiming the rate must be around 20%.

Games & Sports

National Game is Hockey

Culture& Festival

Foreign Policy

• Major Objectives

1) To Foster good relation with now the sole suffer –power

2) To settle the Kashmir dispute with india by peaceful means

3) To establish relations of friendship and co-operation with the Muslim countries

4) To put an end to civil war in Afghanistan by mutual agreement

5) To seek security for itself; Pakistan is fighting against terrorism

6) To create Friendship with all the enmity towards none

7) To explore now markets for Pakistani goods & to secure aid &loans from other countries for development Purpose

JAZAK

ALLAH

FOR

WATCHINGPresented by

Mahwish Rasheed