p1-1 cell diagram 3p 1-1. chromatin to dna from chromosome to chromatin to solenoid to dna
TRANSCRIPT
P1-1 Cell diagram
3P 1-1
From chromosome to chromatin to solenoid to DNA
P3-2 Chromosome to DNA
3P3-2
Chromosomes
P3-2 Backbone chemistry
3P3-2
1
23
4
5 O
5
3
4F4-4
3F2-10 4F4-3
3F8-30
4F4-21
2 linked copies ofa chromosome during mitosis
Tangle ofchromatin spilling
out of lysed nucleus
Central Dogma
Transcription
mRNAGene (DNA)
Translation
Protein
Transcription
Reverse Transcription
exons
27Kbp 27Kbp300Kbp 300Kbp
Gene Gene
Ex1 Ex2Intron1 Intron2
145bp 145bp2500bp 2500bp
5’ UTR 3’ UTR
JUNK???
3-12,13 DNA replication
4F5-5
DNA Synthesis
Template, 3’
5’
New, 5’
3’
4F5-3
CELL CYCLE: Gap1, Synthesis, Gap2, Mitosis ….
proteins- chain of AA
O --
C
NH3+
H C
R1
O
C
NH
H C
R2
O
C
NH
H C
R3
O
C
NH
H C
R4
O
R1
R2
R1
R2
Peptide bond
CRAMBIN: N = 46TTCCPSIVARSNFNVCRLPGTPEALCATYTGCIIIPGATCPGDYAN
Peptide bond,crambin
4F6-8
4F6-93F3-19
4F6-6
TATA Transcription Start Site
G9.17
4F6-19
The Gene Network of E.Coli: (bacterium, single cell) (U. Alon)
p53
CD
E /
E2F
CH
RE
LK
1
NF
Y
CDK4
CDK6
CDKN1A (p21)
E2F
RB
NFY
CDKN2A (p16)
Mitogens MAPK ELK 1
1. M.Milyevsky,Y.Tabach, ….T.Pilpel,V. Rotter – in vitro
2. C. Rosty,M. Sheffer, D.Tsafrir….in vivo, cervical cancer
CDK2
Cervical cancer induced by HPV: two viral oncoproteins (E6,E7) are inserted in DNAand expressed. They inactivate p53 and Rb and induce proliferation
Inactivation byE7 binding
DegradationInduced by E6
Expression 1-99%
S19-1nooS28-1nooS07-1nooS35-1nooS02-1nooS29-3a6gS26-2a8+S20-2e8gS03-1e8gS34-2e8gS23-1a8gS13-1a8bS31-3a6gS08-1e6gS23-2a8gS10-1e6bS18-1e8bS04-1a8bS12-1e8bS05-1a8bS11-1e3bS25-3a6gS22-1e6gS27-1e6bS32-2e6gS17-3a6oS33-1e6bS15-2e6gS09-1e6bS18-2e8bS06-1e6+S14-1e6bS33-2e6bS15-1e6gS21-2a8oS24-1e6bS01-1e6gS14-3e6bS30-2e8bC01-3c8oS16-1e9oC06-3c8oC07-3c6oC03-3c6oC05-3c8o
212186_at220668_s_at202532_s_at
218115_at203228_at
206074_s_at204826_at203967_at
211814_s_at212022_s_at
218308_at202240_at218755_at202954_at202338_at
202095_s_at203755_at
209644_x_at202735_at
209773_s_at210559_s_at
204825_at204092_s_at218883_s_at209172_s_at
207039_at217733_s_at
201890_at204170_s_at
218741_at218782_s_at204709_s_at205235_s_at
201202_at201088_at
211725_s_at208808_s_at
204146_at219493_at
217851_s_at218237_s_at
4F6-21
3-16 Genetic code
3 READING FRAMES
beta-globin(human)sequences
VHLTP(EEKSAVTALW){GK} VN(VDEVGGEALGRLLVV)Y
(PWTQRF)) (F ESF GDLST (PDAVM{)G}N
(PKVKAHGKKVLGAFSDGL ){AH(}LDNLKGTFATLSELHCD )
{KL}} {HVD P (ENFRLLGNVLVCVLAHHFGKE)FT
(PPVQAAYQKVVAGVANALA ){HK}YH
3FtRNA
6-8,9 tRNA
6-8,9
4F6-65 3FtRNA
4F6-58
4F6-60
polyribosome
3F6-28,29
Central Dogma
Transcription
mRNA
Cells express different subset of the genesIn different tissues and under different conditions
Gene (DNA)
Translation
Protein