© Wärtsilä Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10 PUBLIC

Operation of gas engines for marine

Kaj Portin, M/S Stavangerfjord 10-12.04.2018

1

© Wärtsilä Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10 PUBLIC

CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION

• Gas engines for marine

• Drivers for using gas as fuel for the marine engines

• Wärtsilä engine types for gas operation

2

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

Regulation drivers - Impact on the environment

Acid rains

Smog

NOx

Greenhouse effect

CO2

Acid rains

Sulphur content in fuel

SOx

Direct impact on humans

Locally regulated

Particulate matter

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

Driving trends: fuel price development Marine Diesel Oil Rotterdam

Fuel price [USD/MMBTU]

Source: bunkerworld.com; LNG OneWorld.com

180 Centistoke Rotterdam

380 Centistoke Rotterdam

Henry Hub (Natural Gas)

Marine Gas Oil Rotterdam

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

4/16/2018

02-01-201220-07-201205-02-201324-08-201312-03-201428-09-201416-04-20152006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

Where to go?

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11

C12 C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C22 C25

C50 C70 +

SG

DF

GD

DF = Dual Fuel -Otto process + pilot

-Diesel process

-Fuel: gas + liquid fuels

-low pressure gas

SG = Spark Ignited -Otto process

-Fuel: gas

-low pressure gas

GD = Gas Diesel -Diesel process + pilot

-Fuel: gas + liquid fuels

-high pressure gas

-large fuel mixture ratio

Heavy Naphta

Kerosene

LFO HFO Light

Naphta Bitumen

Asphalt

Inter Gas Oil

Diesel

GD

LPG

Gasoline

Diesel

Hydrocarbon variations in Wärtsilä ICE

DF

LNG

Pipe line gas

Diesel -Diesel process

-Fuel: MDO, HFO

and Crude oil

Low viscosity fuels

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

DF = Dual Fuel -Otto process + pilot

-Diesel process

-Fuel: gas + liquid fuels

-low pressure gas

SG = Spark Ignited -Otto process

-Fuel: gas

-low pressure gas

Hydrocarbon variations in Wärtsilä ICE

Diesel -Diesel process

-Fuel: MDO, HFO

and Crude oil

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

Gas Liquid fuel

SOx (relative)

100%

~0%

NOx (relative)

Gas Liquid fuel

10-15%

100%

Gas Liquid fuel

GWP index as CO2

equivalents 100%

Why lean burn gas engines Low emissions

GWP = Global Warming Potential

Gas Liquid fuel

100%

0-5%

Particulates (relative)

85-95%

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

Why lean burn gas engines High efficiency

100% 85% 75% 50%

Efficiency comparison between Wärtsilä engine operating on different fuel

HFO Diesel DF/Gas

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC Document ID DBAB773337 Revision x.10

POWER PLANT

Application Plants

Urban 57

Industry 37

Mining 4

Oil & Gas 2

Other 3

505 engines

WÄRTSILÄ DF REFERENCES

MERCHANT

Ship type Vessels

LNG Carrier 272

Tanker 29

Container Carrier 10

RoRo/ General Cargo 5

LPG Carrier 4

Bulk Carrier 2

Car Carrier 2

Other 6

1104 engines

OFFSHORE

Unit type Units

OSV 19 Production

Platform 5

FSO 2

FPSO 1

Other 1

92 engines

SPECIALS

Ship type Vessels

IWW 18

Tug 6

Dredger 4

Navy 2

Icebreaker 1

Cable Layer 1

Other 2

73 engines

CRUISE & FERRY

Ship type Vessels

Passenger & Cargo 12

Ferry 9

Passenger 4

96 engines

> 1,870 DF engines, > 22,000,000 running hours

11