Opennessa principle in need of a code of conduct

Dr. L.A. Plugge, WTR

January 27, 2010 – eInfraNet kick-off meeting, Dublin

Allemansrätten - Everyman's Rights

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The Allemansrätt gives a person the right to access, walk, cycle, ride, ski, and camp on any land – under the condition that you…

Don’t disturb – Don’t destroy

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Allemansrätten became part of the Swedish constitution since 1994.

Overseen by the Swedish National Environmental Protection Agency

Openness depends on a common interest, cooperation and joint policy making about the do’s and don’ts

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First steps to openness in Schengen countriesneeded new policies for information exchange Germany, Netherlands, Belgium (1995)

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What does Openness mean?

It presupposes a Communal interest and agreement.

It can include to mean:

• Transparency – visibility of structure, procedures, organization

• Net neutrality - no restrictions on content, sites, platforms, equipment, modes of communication;

• Open education – sharing content, methods, ideas;

• Open access – free to view/use/contribute/redistribute;

• Open source - access to product's source (code) materials (not equal to free source);

• …

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Openness is relevant in every sector of life on all levels• Infrastructure and facilities

• Government (local, national, EU)

• Research and innovation

• Education

• Health

• Businesses

• …

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And all those sectors are interconnected

Network neutrality, for example

Some threats:

• Prioritizing certain important (€€) traffic

• Filtering traffic (-€€)

For example: Skype blocking application

• Taxing communication

For example EU considered taxing SMS and e-mail(1ct/sms en 0.00001 ct per e-mail)

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Open Education – mainly content / courseware

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No certificatesNo credits

Quality assurance?Contribution to EU-policies:

“…harmonizing education & training policies throughout Europe. […] promoting collaboration between European educators and comprehension between European learners.” (www.ariadne-eu.org)

Open Ed can also mean ‘transparent’

Bologna process to create one European Higher Ed area

• Standard academic degrees− Bachelor, Master, Doctoral

• Quality assurance

• European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS)

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Open Access is well on its way

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Open Access does not mean:

• “no copyright”;• “is free”;• “the author pays”;• “has no peer review”;• “will make publishers obsolete”.

There is a choice to give access,but it is work in progress

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OAArchiving

OAPublishing

1423 Repositories worldwide holding over >20.9 Million items

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Repository66.org Repository Maps

Open Access Data

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Some arguments pro:

• (Some) Data belong to all humans• You cannot copyright a fact.• I have paid for it through taxes!• Don’t stifle innovation!• We need to be able to check!• …

An example what you can do with open databy Hans Rosling – Gapminder.org

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The problem is how to manage the explosion of digital information

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For example:Data production from LHC at CERN

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LHC in full production generates 15 Petabyte each year

Open Science is about more than publications and data:

It is about sharing, reusing and contributing of:

• Tacit and explicit knowledge

• Methods, models and techniques;

• Applications;

• Middleware;

• Computing and storage facilities;

• Instruments;

• Network.

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e(nhanced)Science: The Fourth Paradigmthe merging of experimental and theoretical science

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The Fourth Paradigm

“Data and information become the core business of scientists in both public and private organizations” (Bob Hertzberger)

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The Fourth Paradigm

eScience is facilitated by merging technologies

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GT: grid technologyOGSA: open grid services architectureWSDL: web service definition languageWSDM: web services distribution management

Bob Hertzberger

Providing the opportunity to share and reuse

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Bob Hertzberger

Sharing, using and contributing to infrastructure

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Bob Hertzberger

Sharing and contributing has economic advantages

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Bob Hertzberger

When do we have (most) openness?

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Matu

rity

Hans Dijkman

Concluding remarks• Openness presupposes a common interest;

• Openness requires agreements and policies for conduct;

• Openness does not mean simply ‘free’ – it is about using, sharing, contributing and transparency;

• Openness can be supported by many business models;

• Openness is important to all sectors of life;

• Openness has started to take off in Research and Education; many initiatives but also many uncertainties to be solved;

• Openness needs cooperation and coordination

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It only works when done together

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Leo Plugge

plugge@surf.nl

www.surf.nl/wtr

Shoot!