jum law jang dai bai dut hkawm mat wa, anhte lawu daw de

(dingda daw de) jum dut yu wa jang gaw, du ai shara hta masha

ni, mung madu ni, ga madu ni hkap san ai, “ya nanhte gara ga

na sa mani? Kadai ni rai mani?” nga yang “htaw jum maw de

na yu wa ai ni rai ga ai, anhte jum maw shawng hpaw ai ni rai

ga ai.” ngu nna, “jum maw hpaw ai ni” ngu tsun ai na wa jang

“jumhpaw ni” ngu wa ai. Sumtsan sasana ni garai n du wa ai

ten hta Jumhpaw ni gaw maling mala ra ai ni re majaw bum

ga e law malawng nga ai. Rai jang she Miwa ni gaw “jingh-

paw Su” nga ma ai. “jinghpaw, Jumhpaw” “nam masha bum

masha” ngu ai hku rai nga ai. Miwa ga hku na Miwa ni anhte

hpe “Jinghpaw Su” nga ma ai.

Dai kaw na bai lai hkrat wa jang gaw ndai Hugawng

ga, Sinna maga de Assam ga, India de du bang mat wa yang

dai de na ni gaw “Singhpaw” bai nga. “ J ” nsen n chye tsun

ai, “ J ” tsun na n manu ai majaw, “ J ” a shara kaw “Sing” ngu

nna “Singhpaw” rai mat ai. Myen kaw bai du jang Myen ni

gaw Jinghpaw hpe “ S ” mung n chye tsun, “ J ” mung n chye

tsun rai tsun n manu nna “ T ” bai tsun ai “Tinghpaw” bai nga

ma ai, dai hku tsun ma ai majaw mying gaw dai hku nan hkrat

wa ai rai nga ai.

Dai mung ngai hku nna teng man ai sakse madun mayu

- 6 -

Cover Design & Layout

Computer

Copies

Printed by K.D.G October, 2010

Email: kdg_jbh@yahoo.com

I Sak

Ah Ba Awng

500

CONTENTS

Masat Lawnglam Laika Man

1. Ga nhpaw.................................................................. ii2. Shachyen ga ............................................................. iv

3. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a ngasat ngasa hte myit jasat lam ............................ 2 (Ginru ginsa yu hkrat wa ai lam)4. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kaning re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak ai kun? ...................................................... 67 (What makes kachins being kachins?)5. Jinghpaw Wunpawng Chyum Hkawlik hte myu sha ni a galu kaba wa ai mabyin ................... 896. Wunpawng sha ni Hkristan makam hpe hkapla kamsham ai hpang galu kaba rawtjat wa ai lam hte amyu langai hku tsep wa lu ai masa ................ 97 (Munghpawm myanmar mungdan de maigan Hkalup hpung sasana shang wa ai ten hte de shawng na masa)7. Agu ngu rit yaw, Hkri ............................................ 1188. Jinghpaw amyu masha ni a ningmu ...................... 126 (World view of philosophy)9. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni myu sha langai hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kaning re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak a ta? ................. 132

sha sha re ai. Sha-it ngu ai dai shara kaw shan amyu hkum sum

hpa wa chyu ai shara re, Magwi, Shan Nga, Hpawlam, Sharaw

dusat dumyeng hkum sum hpa yawng dai kaw chyu ai shara

rai nga ai. Dusat hkum sum hpa sa chyu ai dai “sha-it” kaw

Jau gawng La wa gaw sa hkap nna “Dai ni gaw chyahkyi gap

yang ram sai, chyahkyi sha gap na re” shingrai chyahkyi sha

gap la nna htingbu htingpyen ni hte wa garan sha ai. Hpang

shani hkan e mung “dai ni gaw Shan Nga she gap na re” ngu

gap la nna hpya sha, shadu sha, ju sha ai shaloi dai “Sha-it”

hka hpe sha ja la nna dai hte shadu (dai gaw jum rai nga ai, jum

hka rai nga ai) sha rai nna, dai hpang daw de shan kaba ni gap

jang masha wunawng wuwa bai sa zup nna dai kaw sha jawm

ju sha, jawm shadu sha rai hpang jahtum gaw “sha-it kaba ndai

kaw anhte jum she shadu ga” bai myit lu wa ai, “jum she shadu

ga nga jang gaw jum hpaga she hpaga saga,” ngu nna jum

hpaga hpang wa ma ai. Moi gaw jum gaw gunrai kaja rai nga

ai.

Anhte Korea sumla hkrung ni yu yang mu lu nga ai,

jum hpaga gashun nna majan byin ai ni grai nga ai, moi gaw

jum ngu ai gaw mungkan ting e ahkyak ai lu sha rai nga ai. Dai

re majaw jum lu dut ai wa, jum lu ai wa gaw sut gan kaja lu

ai wa, Jum hte hpa galai tim lu ai. Dai majaw jum shadu nna

- 5 -

ai ni hpe mung san sagawn la, Miwa ni a Madun gawk (Mu-

seum) hkan yu nna dai kaw nga hkrat wa ai masha ni a lam

ni hpe san shagawn, lup ding lup wa ni hkan htu sawk sagawn

nga ma ai. Ya du hkra naw sawk ai, lai wa sai masum mali ning

(2005-06) hta sawk lai wa sai ni hpe shanhte Jinghpaw laika,

Miwa laika hku ka shapraw da ai. English laika hku mung ka

gale da manu ai.

Jinghpaw ngu shaga byin pru wa ai lam

Ya du hkra shanhte matut manoi sawk ding yang rai

nga malu ai. Shanhte sawk ai hte maren byin ai gaw kaning

nga ta nga jang “Jinghpaw “ ngu ai ga ndai gara kaw na pru a

ta nga yang, ya anhte ndai (Jinghpaw mung) kaw anhte hkai

ai gaw “Chying tawt” kaw na pru wa ai majaw “Chyinghpaw”

nga ai kaw na “jinghpaw” ngu ai re law nga hkai nga ma ai.

Dai gaw maumwi tak hkai ai hkrai sha rai nga ai.

Raitim ya ndai (Slg. Manam Tawng) ni gaw npawt

kaw na nan shanhte gawn hkrat wa ai rai malu ai. Shanhte ni

gawn hkrat wa ai lam gaw Mongolia mung masawn maga de

yu hkrat, anhte dingdung de na ni Mongolia ndai Miwa mung

jarik de lai bang wa ai, yu wa ai shaloi “Sha-it” langai mi nga

ai da. Dai Sha-it kaw jau gawng La langai mi shan sa hkap gap

- 4 -

Jinghpaw Wunpawng Amyu sha ni a labau hpe yu ai

shaloi AD 500 grup yin na lam kaw na hkai hpang ai law ai.

De shawng na lam gaw Majoi Shingra bum na pra hkrat wa

ai lam hte Ja Tawng Naw a buga a lam ni hpe gaw mau mwi

mau sa labau hku she hkai ga ai. Dai gaw htaw anhte n dep n

hkap ai prat ban na lam rai nga sai. Hpa mi nga tim labau lu

ai amyu rai nga ai gaw amyu sha ni a arawng rai nga ai. Dai

ni na mungkan prat madang de lahkam sa wa na mung anhte

amyu sha ni a nga nga ai labau hta hkan nna lahkam sa wa ra

nga ai.

Dai ni na prat hta mungkan lahkam dep ai madang

de du wa lu na matu gaw Dr. Hka Lum tsun ai ga langai nga

ai. Kaga amyu ni a machye machyang kunghpan lam jaw prat

kahtap mat wa sai rai tim anhte dai ni na mungkan hpaji hpe

chye lu jang, dai amyu sha ni a dai ni na lahkam de kalang ta

hkan lahkam dep lu mai nga ai”. Anhte amyu sha ni a chye

chyang kunghpan wa ai prat ladaw ni kaga maigan amyu sha

ni a prat ladaw hpe shingdaw yang gaw ndang dep hkap nga

sai. Raitim anhte amyu sha ni mungkan hpaji hpe chye chyang

lu jang gaw dai amyu sha ni a dai ni na madang de kalang ta

hkan dep nang na ga ai re.

Anhte amyu sha ni a myit jasat lam madang mung lani

hte lani tsaw wa ra nga ai. Dai ni na anhte a Hpu Shawng

GA NHPAW

- ii -

Lama La RipHpu-awn

Kachin Philo-quest TeamJinghpaw Wunpawng Bawngring Hpung (JBH)

Hpuba, Kanu Kawa ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe mung ramma ni

chye da ging ga ai, hka ja da ging nga ai, matsing sumhting da

ging ga ai. Dai ni na myit jasat lam hpe chye da ai rai yang dai

hta ninggam shachyaw nna sa wa yang anhte a myit ai mang ai

lam ni, jasat jasa lam ni tsaw wa lu na re. Ndai laika buk gaw

“Kachin Philo-quest Team” kawn anhte Hpu Shawng Hpuba,

Kanu Kawa nkau mi hte hkrum jahta, shanhte a ka jahkrat da

ai laika ni hpe hti mahkawng nna anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng

Amyu sha ni a myit mang, myit jasat ai lam hpe hka ja sa wa ai

lam a shawng ningnan na ninggam rai mali ai. Du na ra ai aten

ni hta grau nna anhte amyu sha ni a lam hpe grau grau hka

ja sa wa lu nna matsing sumhting da lu na hte shawng lam de

shanang sa wa na lam hpe madi shadaw ya lu na re ngu kam

ai. Ndai laika buk gaw anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng Amyu sha

ni a matu akyu rawng ai laika buk langai byin tai wa lu u ga

yaw shada let dip shapraw dat ai lam rai sai.

- iii -

hpe tsun nga a ta nga jang Jaiwa ga kaw tsun nga ai hpe wa mu

mada ai. Jaiwa ga ngu ai gaw Dumsa ga hte n bung ai. Dumsa

ga gaw “nat” hte shaga hkat ai rai nga ai. “Laka ga” ngu ai

gaw anhte shinggyim masha shada da shapyaw hkat ai lam

re. “Nchyin nchyun” ngu ai dai mung tinang hkum hpe tinang

shapyaw ai lam rai nga ai.

Raitim Jaiwa ngu ai gaw “Nat” hte shaga ai mung n

re, Labau hkai ai nan rai nga ai. Ya naw mu mada lu nga ai

Jaiwa ga naw lu shaga nga ai asak kaba sai Jaiwa ninghkring ni

hpe shawng Jaiwa shangun nna, Shadan Krung ga na ni shara

shagu hkan na Jaiwa ga ni hpe shanhte gaw ka mahkawng nna

dai hpe atsawm sha gara, a hpang gara mahkra ka jahkrat la ai.

Ka da ngut jang Jaiwa ga dai kaw tsun mat wa ai shara ni hpe

tam ai rai nga mali ai.

Jaiwa ga hpan lahkawng

Jaiwa ga kaw Manau Jaiwa hte Hkungran Jaiwa ngu ai

lahkawng nga ai. Manau Jaiwa ngu ai gaw anhte a htunghking

ginru ginsa (kaning rai na yu hkrat wa ai mahkra htunghking

masa) lam ni, kaning rai hkan hkrat wa, kaning rai nga pra

hkrat wa ai lam ni lawm nga malu ai. Jaiwa ga hta lawm ai dai

shara ni hpe hkan tam sawk sagawn ai. Dai shara kaw nga pra

- 3 -

Ginru Ginsa yu hkrat wa ai lam Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ngu ai anhte gaw

Miwa mung, Mongolia ga hku nna dingdung de nna dingda de

ginru ginsa hkrat wa ai rai nga ai. Rai nna dingdung daw, anhte

shawng nnan ginru ginsa hkrat wa ai daw de Miwa mung na

Jinghpaw htunghking salang ni gaw shanhte dep lu ai daram

Jinghpaw a lam hpe grau chye lu na matu htunghking ni hpe

shanhte sawk sagawn mat wa ai maumwi sawk sagawn hpung

langai mi nga mali ai.

Dai kaw na ningbaw gaw salang Manam Tawng re,

anhte htunghking jawng langai hpaw tawn da ai raitim ya gaw

dai hpe jawng hku nna n lang sai, kaga hku lang kau sai, ndai

anhte hpung ni hte Miwa mung na Salang Manam Tawng woi

awn ai Jinghpaw htunghking hpung ni hte Mangshi kaw mali

ya mali na anhte jahta, wa sawk ai shaloi shanhte sawk mat wa

ai lai ladat gaw ndai Jinghpaw ni moi kaw nna, galaw hkrat

wa ai htunghking masa ni hta e, nat hte n seng ai daw naw nga

ai, ga shadawn: ndai htunghking daw, shinggyim masha ni a

ganawn mazum ai htunghking daw, mayat maya wa ai shingra

maka daw, dai ni shanhte sawk ai shaloi gara kaw e ndai lam

JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG AMYU SHA NI ANGA SAT NGA SA HTE MYIT JASAT LAM

- 2 -

Ndai laika buk gaw Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a

myit mang ai lam, myit jasat lam ni hpe madung tawn ai re. Jingh-

paw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe chyena hkaja

mayu myit makun ai ramma nkau mi kaw nna “Kachin Philo-

quest Team” ngu ai wuhpung hpe hpaw da let anhte a Sara Kaba

Hpushawng Hpuba ni hte hkrum shaga jahta, shanhte ka shapraw

da ai laika buk ni kaw nna hti hkaja, maigan amyu ni a myit jasat

jasa lam hta anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit mang,

myit jasat ni hte shingdaw hkaja matsing sumhting mahkawng la lu

ai lam kauchyen mi hpe htawng madun dip shapraw ai lam re.

Anhte amyu sha ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe myit lawm hkaja

la mayu ai ni a matu ndai laika buk gaw shawnglam de matut hkaja

sa wa ai lam hta dawhpum dawnu langai mi byin tai wa lu u ga mung

myit mada ga ai.

Dai ni anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a nga pra

madang, sak hkrung madang gaw aten ahkying, ladaw hte shingdaw

yu yang ndai hte hte myit dik lu mai nga ai kun? (snr) kade daram

madang de du nga lu ra sai kun? Laika hti hpunau, ramma ni myit

yu lu na matu, anhte amyu sha ni ya na madang hta grau tsaw wa lu

ai shinggyim nga sat nga sa, nga pra madang, myit jasat ni gyin sha-

lat sa wa ai lam hta ndai laika buk gaw ginlen ya lu na re hte, lakang

SHACHEN GA

- iv -

I SakLit hkam

Kachin Philo-quest TeamJinghpaw Wunpawng Bawngring Hpung (JBH)

ninggam langai mi hku nna gabye sa wa lu na re ngu kam let dip

shapraw dat ai laika buk re.

Ndai laika buk gaw gram sharai ka ai lam n nga ai, Sara Kaba

Hpushawng Hpuba ni tsun hkai, ka da ai hte maren ka dip shapraw

ai lam sha re.

Ndai laika buk gaw manu jahpu hte dut shabra na matu n re,

Sara Kaba Hpushawng Hpuba ni a tsun hkai ai lam ni hpe matsing

sumhting hkangzing da ai lam re ai hte dai hpe myit lawm hkaja

mayu ai ni hti jailang lu na matu dip shapraw ai re.

- v - - 1 -

gaw dai kaw hka ntsin bang ya ai. Maga mi de gaw htinglan

ngu ai ntsin ndum hpai, maga mi de gaw hkringwai ngu ai

kumba nhtan hpe “pak pak pak” timing (beating) gaw dumsa

ga shagawp timing (beating) hte shabung nna kumba hpe Ga

dun de kayat nna dumsa mat wa ai. Htinglan mung lang nna

kalang lang gaw shi ga lami ahkyak ai ngut jang htinglan dai

hpe kachyi mi dun de chyinghkyen htingkrang hku jaw ai re.

Ya buddhist ni (ye tset cha) ai hte bung ai.

Nat jaw ni gaw htinglan dai hte ntsin jaw nna bai dum-

sa, nau ba wa sai, nau pu tsu wa sai rai yang shi kanang du hkra

dumsa sai, dai hpe dum let hkring la tsa lu la manang ni hte gan

jahta la malut shachyi maya la nna hkring la ai. Ba mai sai nga

jang dumsa tingnyang kaw bai wa dung dumsa ai re. Dai gaw

Mu nat jaw jau ai shaloi re. Mu nat hkungri gaw npan ndaw

kaw jun ai.

Ndai Sinlap nat(myihprap nat rai nga) hkungri mung

npan de sha jun ai re. Jan nat hpe gaw npan nchyun matu ang

ang kaw kawa tawng lami sharawt nna nchyun matu kaw pinra

ra da ai. Nat ra ngu pinra kaw jaw ai hku re. Nat lahkan ngu ai

kumhpa hpe dai pinra kaw mara da ya ai. Dai gaw jan hku nat,

dai mung dumsa gaw nhku kaw sha dumsa ai. Dai Sinlap nat ni

jan hku nat ni gaw npan numgaw nchyun kaw nan hkingrawng

- 18 -

ai, ngai shangai wa ai Mungmyit Kudawng ga Mokok hte

Momeik lahta kaw re. Anhte kahtawng kaw nna lani mi sa yang

Momeik du sai. Dai kata e anhte sam mung ginru ginsa hkrat

wa ai gaw ndai Nmau Krung hku yu hkrat wa ai hta anhte gaw

jahtum rai nga ai hku re. Dai majaw anhte mungmyit Kudawng

ga gaw masha hpe “jumhpaw” she nga ai. “Ga! dai ni na gat

jumhpaw law law ai wa” nga ma ai. Masha grai law ai ngu ai

rai nga ai. Dai ni gaw Jumhpaw law law ai wa nga tim amyu ru

sai nga jang, Jumhpaw amyu ngu ai bai n nga ai, masha yawng

hpe jumhpaw nga ai. Amyu gaw marip, lahtaw, lahpai, “nang

hpa baw amyu rai nta?” nga jang ngai jinghpaw rai nngai kadai

n nga ai, ngai maru rai nngai kadai n nga ai, “ngai marip rai nn-

gai, ngai lahtaw wa rai nngai, shachyen jang “ nang hpa baw

amyu rai nta?” she nga ai. “Htinggaw mying hpa baw nga ma

ta? Gara htinggaw ni rai ma ta?” nga she san ai. Amyu hpa baw

ni rai ma ta? nga yang “ngai gaw marip wa rai nngai, Nhkum

wa rai nngai” nga she shachyen ai. Amyu ngu ai gaw masha a

ru sai hku nna shachyen shaga ai. Ngai kaba wa ai shaloi lai sai

1930 ning, (40) ning laman dai ten e anhte ga gaw “Jumhpaw”

she nga ma ai. Dai majaw Miwa ni sawk tawn da ai ndai “Jum

maw shawng hpaw ai majaw Jumhpaw ni ngu ai re” nga ai.

Anhte ga de “Jinghpaw n nga ai Jumhpaw she nga

Kachin philo-quest

- 7 -

ai.” “Jinghpaw “ ngu ndai gaw chyum laika, sara Hanson

Jinghpaw laika hte chyum laika gale ai shaloi she shi ka

da ai “Jinghpaw” ngu ai hpe yawng jai lang manu mat ai

hku rai nga ai. Jumhpaw hpe Jinghpaw ngu ai hku ka da

ai majaw she yawng lang ai she re. Kaja wa ngai naw kaji

ai shaloi gaw “Jinghpaw” n tsun ai “Jumhpaw” she nga ai.

Dai majaw Miwa mung na Htunghking salang ni (Slg. Manam

Tong) sawk sagawn ai, dai gaw nye matu teng ai ngu tsun mai

ai, hpa majaw nga yang ngai shangai wa ai shaloi shaga ai ga

mahtang dai rai taw nga ai, shamying ai mying dai rai taw nga

ai.

Ndai Jumhpaw ngu ai gaw “masha” rai sa, ya hpa baw

amyu rai nga jang Marip, Lahtaw, Maran nga rai jang, Hindu

ni na lam hte bai shingdaw wa yu ai hta shanhte gaw (india)

kaw Hindu amyu ngu n nga ai, Hindu makam ngu ai sha nga

ai. Hindi ngu ai ga nga, Hindi amyu ngu n nga ai. Shanhte sha-

da (Hindu shada) nang hpa baw amyu rai nga jang “ngai Brah-

min re, ngai shatri re” ngai hpabaw re. Dai Caste hpe mahtang

amyu ngu kau ai. Dai zawn re shanhte hte mung htawra daw

chyawm kala ni ngu kau sai le, hpang e rai timung bengoli, As-

sam, Oriya, Tamil, Malayalam ni nga nna nga ai. Raitim ndai

Dehli hte Uttar Pradesh na shara nkau mi rai rai, Rajastan hkan

- 8 -

hpe gaw nta shinggan e jaw ai.

Mu nat hpe gaw numgaw kaw jaw ai, anhte nta kaw

gaw mu nat jaw ai, Hkingjawng ni hte Hpumlum ni ntsa de

lung ai, nhku kaw gaw Dumsa wa dumsa taw nga, Mu nat hte

shaga taw nga, numgaw kaw Hkingjawng wa hte Hpumlum

wa lung nna langa nga hkra daw la baw kaw dai gup, dai ngah-

kra ka-ang na ginlang kaw kawa mazi lahkawng (chyik chyai)

jun tawn da ai. Hkingjawng wa mung dai gup ai Hpumlum wa

mung dai gup ai, lakang htan nna numgaw de lung, numgaw

du jang she le npan nchyun matu kaw mung dai zawn re dagup

da ai hku re. Nta ka-ang kaw mung dai hpe dagup da ai, nbang

nchyun kaw mung dagup da ai.

Dai mazi hte re ai langa ngahkra masum jun tawn da

ai hpe Hkingjawng hte Hpumlum wa mung dai gup tawn da

nna yu mat wa ai. Dai gaw mu nat galaw ai shani, dumsa wa

nhku daw dap kaw madin kumba makau kaw dumsa tingnyang

shadun tawn nna dai kaw shi gaw hkringwai ngu ai kumba

nhtan hkringwai lang, maga mi de gaw htinglan lang, (htinglan

ngu ai gaw Kawa ndum laman mi sha re lami lawm nna lawu

htum pa tsawm ra mi galu ai lema (4) daram re lami kaw nna

htum pa, laman mi re kawa dai kaw lagoi lahpaw hkayawp

kau pali hte atsawm sha hkang hkayawp kau ai) hpumlum wa

Kachin philo-quest

- 17 -

Kasang hpe gaw n naw ai wa mi nanhte nat hpe hpa rai jaw”

nga jang “Karai Kasang gaw hpan madu re asak madu shi she

jaw ai, shi gaw jaw ai wa re shaman ai wa she re, anhte n jaw ra

ai” nga ma ai. Jinghpaw ni gaw moi nat jaw tim Karai Kasang

nga ai hpe chye chyalu re.

Nat Hpan Masum

Rai tim Karai Kasang hpe n naw ai hpa majaw nga

yang Karai Kasang gaw shinggyim masha hpe mahtang “ndai

mungkan nanhte madu sha manu, up nga manu” nga nna ap da

sai re majaw shi gaw n nga sai re.

Shinggyim masha kaw Shi n paw pru sai hku re nga ma

ai. Dai majaw moi nat jaw prat kaw nat ngu ai myu masum nga

ai Matsaw ntsa nat, Masha nat hte Tsasam nat ngu ai masum

nga ai. Matsaw ntsa nat ngu ai gaw Jan nat zawn re ai, Mahtum

mahta nat, Shata nat, Myihprap nat, Mu nat ndai ni gaw mat-

saw ntsa nat ni rai nga ai. Ndai ni htaw ntsa de nga nna anhte

hpe marang jahtu ya, Jan shamai ya rai nga ai. Ndai ga ntsa

hta gaw nat amyu lahkawng re. Tsasam nat ngu ai ni gaw nat

matse, ndang nat zawn re, sa wa nat zawn re ai Jaga nat zawn

re ai ni rai nga ai. Ndai ni gaw nat kaji kajaw hpyi nan hpyi sha

ai nat rai nga ai. Hpyi ai n lu jang kawa na. Dai nat Tsasam ni

- 16 -

na ni hpabaw amyu ngu na n nga ai. Hindi ga ga ai, Hindi ga

ga nna Hindu amyu ngu bai n rai, Hindu gaw makam masham

she bai rai. Makam masham hpe amyu hpan mi hku nna gaw

lang kau, nkau Muslim re, Islam re, Hindu re bai nga, makam

hku nna gaw dai hku garan ginhka, nkau mi gaw dai Hindi ga

shaga tim Muslim re ni nga, shanhte kaw mung dai zawn re

nga malu ai.

Kala ni hte ganoi bung ai rai nga ai. Tim shanhte na

gaw makam masham hku nna hpang wa nhtawm hpang e gaw

caste hku na shamying la wa ai hku rai nga ai. Caste ndai gaw

tsawmra mi asak kaba sai hku rai mali ai. Tsawmra asak kaba

jang gaw tsawmra dang sai hku re. Shanhte a caste langai mi

gaw myu langai mi rai nga ai. Caste rai jang gaw nawku htung

bai n rai, makam masham bai n rai, moi gaw dai hpara hku nna

nawku htung hku yu hkrat wa tim, dai kata kaw shanhte caste

bai wa garan mat ai. Dai hpe lang jang gaw htawra mi na hpe

mung madung n mai tawn mat, ya na hpe mung n lu shangang

mat re hku rai nga malu ai. De majaw tsawmra yak mat ai hku

rai nga ai.

Dai majaw shanhte gaw ndai shanhte Hindu hpe “Mul-

tiple faith mahtang ngu na i? Religion mahtang ngu na i?” Dai

Hindu hpe mahtang Hinduism, ndai hpe mahtang shanhte gaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 9 -

loi mi grau shang wang kaba nna dai kata kaw mahtang shanhte

identity hpe garan nga ma ai, hpa majaw nga yang Hindu ni

a makam masham gaw hpara grai law ai. Ya myen ni mung

hpara grai law ai nga tsun nga ai. Dai gaw Hindu kaw na prat

wa ai rai nga ai. Myen ni a “buddhist” makam hta Gothamah

wa mung Hindu masha rai nga ai. Dai kaw na prat wa ai majaw

shanhte mung hpara grai law ai.

Hindu ni a Nawku Htung

Hindu Htinggaw langai hte langai naw ai hpara n bung

nga malu ai. Nkau gaw “Jan” naw ai, n kau gaw “Hka” naw ai,

n kau gaw “Dumsu” naw ai shat mai shat maw namlap naw ai.

Kala mung de hkawm sa yu ai shaloi, jahpawt jau jau anhte a

campus lahta kaw tsawmra tsaw ai (nta htap) langai mi nga ai

dai nta kaw na Waranda kaw nta madu jan gaw jahpawt shagu

jan pru sai kaw na gaw jan hpe naw naw re hku rai nga ai. Dai

gaw Jan naw ai, Jan hpara naw ai hku rai nga ai. Dingla nkau,

salang nkau mi shinggan hkan e hkawm nga yang (kala ni gaw

Myo kaw rai tim nta kaw dumsu rem ma ai) lam makau kaw

Dumsu langai mi a sum nung sha yupmu temsi rai shat lai lai

nna kaleng taw nga ai Dumsu hpe dingla langai sa wa nna nga

mai sa hta la, garawt la, mai tsan hpe manam pup rai nna naw

- 10 -

Ndai ka-ang na kadoi hkra kau ai wa hpe gaw yawng a

malai shi hkala hkam sai re majaw shi hpe gaw nanhte yawng

hkungga mu, nanhte shadu lu shadu sha ai, nanhte kra ai wan

mang dap hkun kaw shi hpe jaw jau mu, hpa lu timung shi hpe

shawng jaw, hpa sha timung shi hpe shawng jaw, nga nna dai

nbya rai nga ai nbya nat gaw dap hkun kaw nga ai rai nga ai.

Hkala hkrum ai wa gaw nbya bya mat ai yawng a tsawra nna

jaw ai rai nga ai. Tsa lu timung dap hkun kaw kachyi mi hprep

di nna lu ai hku rai nga ai. Moi gaw shanhte dai hku galaw ai

rai nga ai.

Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw dai ni

mahkra matsun, manau woi nau kau da nna mat mat ai, shi n

nga sai hku re. Shinggyim masha ni hpe mahkra ndai mungkan

ga hpe ap kau da sai hku re. Dai majaw ya anhte shinggy-

im masha ni jinghpaw ni gaw nat jaw ai, Hpan Wa Ningsang

Chyewa Ningchyang Karai Kasang nga ai re chye timung shi

hpe anhte naw mung n naw ai, jaw mung n jaw ra ai, hkungga

n jaw ra ai hku re. Ya sasana sara ni du ai shaloi dai shawng wa

mu ai hku re, “ndai ni gaw nat mi jaw timung Karai Kasang

nga ai re ngu gaw chye ma ai. Karai Kasang hpe gaw shanhte

bai n naw, Karai Kasang hpe gaw shanhte bai n jaw, sasana

sara ni gaw “taw nanhte Karai Kasang nga gaw tsun Karai

Kachin philo-quest

- 15 -

ggyim masha rawng ai shan wa hkum ngu ai dai kaw rawng ai

dai hpe atsawm rai madat yu yang, le Wahkum kata de masha

chyi chyi nga nsen garu rawng nga ai. Wahkum dai mung yat

yat kaba wa ai, mashang masha ngu ai gaw ginding aga hpe

rem na, mungkan ga hpe hpyem na ni gaw ndai kaw rawng ai

ni rai ma ai.

Dai majaw shawng shangai sai ji nat magam Mahtum

Mahta wa hpe shaga nna “nang gaw ja nhkyi lang nna sa wa

rit, ndai ga u, dai ga dat u” kaja wa Ja nhkyi hte ga na hkyen

nna madi dat jang kata de shaga pru wa ai da, “aka ka ka ngai

kaw ang nga ai ngai hpe hkra na lu” nga nna bai kayin nna

shara mi kaw bai madi yang dai kaw mung dai hku bai “ke ke

ke garai hkum rai, garai hkum rai ngai hpe hkra na lu ngai naw

yen n-ga” nga kata de shaga pru wa wa re ai da. Dai hku byin

jang she Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw hpa mi

rai yang rai u ga, kadoi ga kau dat u kadai hpe hkra yang hkra

kadoi ga dat u nga, ga dat jang she hkra maga chyen de marai

(8), pai maga chyen de marai (8) ka-ang kaw langai mi gaw

kadoi hkra kau, dai wa sai pyang pyang rai jang she Hpan Wa

Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw ndai hkra maga de na ni

hpe shadang la sha ngu na re, shadang masat shakap ya, pai de

na ni gaw shayi ngu na re shayi masat shakap ya ai.

- 14 -

nga ai. Shi gaw Dumsu naw ai wa rai nga ai, nkau mi gaw Wan

naw ai, nkau mi gaw hpa hpa naw ai, Hka naw ai, shat mai

shat maw namlap namlaw dai ni naw ma ai. Hpara grai law ai

mungkan ga ndai hta, langai hte langai a hpara n bung ai.

Jinghpaw wunpawng ni Nat Jaw Jau ai lam

Anhte Jumhpaw mung dai zawn re ai hpara nga ai, Jumhpaw

a maumwi hta mung Sara Sumlut Gam shinggyin tawn da ai

Jinghpaw maumwi hta dai rawng nga lu ai. Shinggyim masha

ni rai n shangai yang Nat hpe shawng shangai ai da; Nat shan-

gai ai shaloi, Chyanun yan Woi Shun kaw nna kasha langai

shangai ai, Nat shangai na shawng e Hpan Wa Ningsang Chye-

wa Ningchyang gaw N-gawn Chyanun yan Hpunggam Woi

Shun kaw nna shangai ai. Shi gaw ashawng ahpang yawng

chye ai. Dai majaw shi gaw Hkristan ni a makam hte grai

bung ai lam mu lu ai. Hkristan ni mung Karai Kasang gaw

Shinggyim masha sa tai ai, num sha kaw shangai ai.

Jinghpaw ni a maumwi hta mung Karai Kasang shin-

ggyim masha kaw sa git ai lam, sa tai ai lam rawng nga ai.

Dai Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang mung sa shangai

nna, shi gaw kanu yan kawa hpe mungkan ndai kaw nga man-

ga mahkra, dusat dumyeng, hpun, kawa, Jan, Shata, Shagan

Kachin philo-quest

- 11 -

yawng shawng shangai shangun ai. Shangai ngut sai nga jang

she yawng hkum sani nga yang hkum sai nga jang, “ ya ndai

ni hpe Gindin aga hpe hpyem na mungkan ga hpe rem na shin-

ggyim masha garai hkum shangai, garai n shangai na ngu nna,

ndai gindin aga hpe rem na matu, Ji Nat shawng shangai mu

ngu ai. Htaw Mahtum Mahta kaw na Sawn Ndang du hkra Nat

ni hpe shawng shangai ai.

Dai Nat ni hpe nang gaw hpung ya kaw nga u, nang

gaw lungpu sin u, nang gaw maling sin u, nang gaw dai kaw

nga u mying shamying ai mung Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa

Ningchyang, hkringdat matsun ai mung Hpan Wa Ningsang

Chyewa Ningchyang matsun ngut jang she langai bai shan-

gai ai. “Ya ndai mung masha garai n re ji nat magam naw re,

nang dai galaw u, ngu matsun nna, dai ngut rai jang she shin-

gyim masha lang na mungkan ga ndai hpe shinggyim masha

up madu ai shaloi mungkan ga ginding aga ndai hpe gara hku

bau rem na ngu ai hking shawng shangai jinghkum shangun ai

re.

Shadawn woi rawn zawn re, ndup sumdu zawn re

ai, ndai ni hpe shawng shangai shangun ai. Dai ni shangai

hkum sani hkum sai nga jang she “ya gaw shinggyim masha,

mashang masha ginding aga hpe rem na mungkan ga hpe

- 12 -

hpyem na masha shangai manu” ngu jang she shawng nnan

gaw awoi hpe shawng shangai pru wa ai hku rai nga ai, Awoi

gaw ngai masha rai ni ai nga ai, Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa

Ningchyang gaw nang gaw masha n re, nang gaw woi gang

ala woi hkyeng masha she re htaw maling masin hpun rawng

marin nna nga u, ngu maling de gawt kau dat ai. Shu bai shan-

gai “ngai masha rai ni ai nga nna, e nang masha rai n re, nang

gaw le wulu marin hpungya masin nna she dai wulu sin nna

nga u, na lit gaw dai wulu sin na nga u.” ngu sai.

Dai hku nna masha rai n rai ndai nga, pat kau pat kau

rai, hpang jahtum gaw U-di nsan ai, Wahkum si zawn san ai,

Wahkum man man ai adi hkrang rai nga ai adi langai mi di

shangai ai. Ndai gaw baw mung n tu, lagaw mung n tu, tawng

latawng re wa, Wahkum si zawn san ai wa, hkrung ai rai n re

ngu jut de kabai tawn da nna nga taw sai. N-gawn Wa Mag-

am Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang wa, “nu yan wa

shangai nhtoi gu sai le, rai n shangai myit ni?” ngu yang “e ma

e shangai gaw shangai sai wa nsa mung n rawng nsoi mung

n awng, lagaw mung n tu, baw mung n tu, dai majaw hkrung

ai rai n re ngu na le kabai tawn kau sai,” nga htan ai. “Ka-

nang tawn myit ni?” ngu yang “le jut kaw tawn da ai, sa hta

la masu” ngu nna hta wa yu yang gaw mashang masha shin-

Kachin philo-quest

- 13 -

nna shat kaw si ai ten, Nu gaw shat ndap tawn da, shat di rai

n hpaw shi ai, ngai rawt ai hte gaw “Nu shat kaw si sai, shat

sha mayu ai, shat di lawan hpaw u” ngu ai shaloi Nu gaw “rai

n krai ai, rai n hkut ai, hkut jang hpaw ya na, hpaw jaw na”

nga jahkring rai jang gaw krai na she hpaw, di hpaw ai hte ngai

gaw “ya jaw rit ya jaw rit” ngu Nu gaw “Ma e jinghpaw ni

kalang ta sha ai baw n re da, htaw ntsa de Karai wa naw nga ai,

ndai shat nsa Karai wa shawng sha ra ai da, Karai wa sha ngut

jang she masha mai sha ai da” nga Nu dai tsun ai. Dai shat di

kahtet ai salu kawp, salu hkoi mat jang she atsawm sha lahpaw

hta dagawt bang ginjup nna ngai hpe jaw ai, dai hpe yu yang

nat mi jaw timung Karai Kasang nga ai hpe gaw chye ai, nat

ni hpe gaw jaw ra ai shanhte gaw anhte hpe makawp maga na

matu ma, nat kachyi kachyaw ni n kawa lu na matu ma jaw

ai.

Sasana ni shang wa ai Sara Kincaid ni Ga hkyeng ga

( Mugaung ga) de du shang wa ai ten “ Nanhte gaw Karai

Kasang na mying gaw gang Karai Kasang hpe gaw n naw, nat

hpe gaw jaw, hpa rai na Karai Kasang hpe n naw mit ni?” ngu

jang “Karai Kasang hpe gaw n jaw ra ai, shi she anhte hpe

jaw ai gaw, shi hpe hpa n jaw ra ai, hpyi mung n hpyi ai, nat

wa gaw hpyi ai, n jaw jang kawa ai, nat jaw ai dai majaw re”

- 30 -

ngu ai pinra de jaw ai, dai ni gaw Matsaw ntsa nat rai sai.

Masha nat ngu ai gaw shinggyim masha dinghku a kaji

kawa ni a tsu minla ni hpe jaw jau ai hpe masha nat ngu ai re.

Kaja wa shanhte a kaji kawa rai nna kashu kasha ni hpe nja ai,

kaja wa naw karum mayu ai shaman mayu ai, makawp maga

mayu ai majaw si wa ai shaloi shanhte gaw matan ga tsun da

nna shanhte kashu kasha ni hpe makawp maga naw nga mayu

ai hku rai nga ai, dai ni gaw Masha nat hku rai nga ai.

Ga shadawn tsun ga nga yang - anhte nta jaw ai Masha

nat (tsu nat) gaw masum re. Langai mi gaw dumhpawng wa

ngu ai re, htaw anhte a kaji tsawmra mi prat ban 5,6 daram rai

sai, dai wa gaw npan kaw shi a nga dama ni hpe shap ya, dama

ni gaw nga hpe bai sa ap ya ai shaloi shi gaw bu kang labu bu

nna nga hkap dun la ai ngu yang shi a labu hpe sharaw hpyi

shadu nna hkap daru ai nga yang wa hku shadung ngu ai (n

pan kaw na lakang baw wa hku shadung ngu ai maka ka kau

hkra re manau shadung maka zawn re maka shadun ai rai nga,

n ga mi de gaw dun rai sai n tawt) kaw ngau kaba hkam da

ai re. Wahku shadung ndai hte shatai nna daru sat kau ai. Shi

akajawng sha si mat ai re majaw shi a nga shi hpe daru sat kau

nna kashu kasha ni hpe hpa ga matan mung ntan tsun ai si mat

ai majaw shi myit n dik ai, maroi n nyi ai majaw “ngai shu ngai

Kachin philo-quest

- 19 -

sha ni hpe hpa numhtet numra mungga mung n lu tsun kau da,

hpa matsun ga mung n tsun kau da ai sha ngai si mat ai, dai

majaw myit n dik ai.” Shi myihtoi bai yu ai shaloi “ngai shu

ngai sha nanhte hpe zimlum mayu ai, rau nga mayu ai makawp

maga mayu ai ngai hpe nanhte a gumgun gumhpai hku, ji nat

hku naw jaw jau marit” nga ai majaw jaw ai hku rai nga ai. Dai

gaw Dumhpawng wa rai sai.

Lahkawng gaw Du La Wa ngu ai wa hpe jaw ai. Du

La wa ngu ai gaw anhte hpe ginru ginsa woi hkrat wa ai wa

re. Hkahku ga kaw nna Sadung hku woi hkrat wa, Sadung hku

nna she Namhkam, Yang Wu, Dingga, Banma hku nna ndai

Manmaw hkran Gara ga hku yu nna anhte ya nga ai Mungmyit

Kudawng ga, Nmau hka rap nna Balawng ga de ginru ginsa

hkrat wa ai. Balawng ni hte hpyen majan hku nna n shang wa

ai, mung masa hku nna jinghku hku wa ai, majen je bang mat

wa ai rai nna anhte ga hta majen je nna mungdan woi de ai,

ninghtawn ningngat woi shangang shakang ai, woi hkrat wa ai

wa gaw Du La wa ngu ai rai nga ai. Shi a kasha gaw Hkun Seng

wa ngu ai wa re. Shi gaw nye wa a kaji dwi nan rai sai. Shi gaw

kaji ke rai nna shi mung majan kaw si mat ai. Dama rai nga ai

ya nga ai Manwun Du ni ngu ai shanglawt kaw Dukaba Seng

Li, Myitkyina Du kahtawng kaw nga ai ndai ni a kaji prat hta,

- 20 -

n hkrit ra ai yu nna manang wa hpe atsawm sha lakawn wa ai,

hpang jahtum gaw jahkrit jin jang dai ni hkoi mat wa sai.

Shinggyim Myit rawng ai Jinghpaw ni

Lana mi ngai naw kaji yang nye Dwi La gaw anhte

htingbu hkaraw langai mi din rai htingbu ani sha re ai anhte

hka ja lu ai hka singgat lahta kaw na La Sang ni nta kaw nta

madu wa mung dum sa re, dai La Sang ni a nta kaw she la-

sawk sa jahkrit ai, lasawk sa jahkrit ai wa Mahtang hpun ni

hpa ni wa agrawp wa ai zawn nga “Rawng… Rawng.. Rawng..

Rawng..!” nga mana maka agrawp garu jahkrit nga ai majaw

La Sang Gam ngu ai nta madu wa gaw ndaw kaw sa tsap nna

“he.. Du wa e nang de anhte hpe lasawk jahkrit nga ai lo..” ngu

tsun dat ai; nye Dwi La gaw yup gawk kaw nna nbang de pru

wa, nbang jan kaw sa tsap nna “kaning re ai lasawk, kaning re

kaji kajaw re ai nat anhte hpe hkan jahkrit, lawan hprawng, nat

kaba shaga dat sai lu, mu shaga dat sai lu” ngu jang she zim

nga mat ai. Nye Dwi La mung nat n hkrit ai, nye Wa mung nat

n hkrit ai, nye Nu mung nat n hkrit ai.

Rai timung Karai Kasang hpe gaw grai hkungga ai, nye

Nu gaw nat naw jaw ai Christan rai n re ai ten jahpawt jau jau

ngai shani tup ginsup nna shana shat n sha yup mat mat re

Kachin philo-quest

- 29 -

shi hpe n dum wa sai, shanhte gumgun gumhpai kaji kawa nat

ni hpe n hkungga wa, kam mara rai wa jang she gawa wa wa re

ai hku na shadum wa ai re.

Anhte nta gaw gumgun gumhpai nat (3) ting jaw ai re

majaw nye dwi la ni, nye wa ni, nye nu ni gaw nat hpe galoi

n hkrit ai. Nye nu ngai hte rau mare kaw nna tsawmra tsan ai

deng (5-6) ram tsan ai nam maling kaw an nu hkrai yi sa yup

ai, ngai naw kaji ai (3-4) ning daram sha naw re. Dai shaloi

mare na hpawmi ni tsun ai “Taw Du jan nan nu hkrai sha i.? Yi

mung shade de tsan ai kaw nan nu hkrai sha yi yup ai gaw n

hkrit mit ni.?” ngu jang “hpa hkrit na law e, gumgun gumhpai

nga ai she rai yang mi, n hkrit ai.” Dai ram tinang a gumgun

gumhpai nat hpe grai kam ma ai. Ndai ni gaw hpyi lamum, la-

sawk nga ai ndang zawn re ai hpa n mai sa ai, mying shaga dat

jang “gumgun gumhpai lu ai re lu, gumgun gumhpai nat hpe

anhte jaw da ai re lu, du na re lu” nga dat ai kaw na gaw tawm

hprang rai sai, hpa n sa jahkrit sai.

Nye Wa mung n hkrit ai. Nye Wa Bawdwin gat de jum

sa mari nna wa yang, manang wa tsa nau nang nna jan du mat

ai, nsin sin mat wa ai, dai ten tsing du kawng hku, prang kawng

makau hku hpyit jahkrit ai, hpyit dai hpraw dat chang dat, galu

dat kadun dat rai nna jahkrit ai, nye wa n hkrit ai, hpyit she re

- 28 -

Manwun Du ni hte Balawng ni gasat hkat ai shaloi Manwun du

jan gaw anhte a kaji ni a kajan, anhte nta na Nang Bawk ngu

ai re da. Shi Manwun du jan tai rai jang gaw Manwun du ni

Balawng hte gasat jang anhte Mayu du ni hpe naw wa garum la

rit nga sa saw ai majaw dai kaw nye kaji ke Hkun Seng ngu ai

wa mare masha ni hpe woi nna Manwun du ni hpe majan gasat

garum ai. Majan gasat karum ai hta Dumsa ningwawt ni gaw

“Du wa e nang gaw shamawn n hpru ai, Jaba wawt yu yang

nang majan n mai sa ai, nang hkala na ndai, dai majaw nang n

mai hkan nang ai” ngu sai raitim, “Ah.. nye Dama ni a majan

nga yang me ngai n sa yang gaw n mai ai, ngai gaw nta sha pyi

wa sin ya na, ngai mung hkan nang na.” Shing nga tsun ai hku

rai nga, “nanhte a shat simai ni ngai lajang jaw na dabang sin

ya na, ngai hkan nang na nngai” dai hku rai yang gaw majan n

gasat ai hku nga yang gaw mai na re, nga nna sa wa ma ai.

Manwun Du ni nta du jang Manwun du ni nta gaw Bala-

wng ni nat kau ya ai majaw nta n lu mat sai, nta hkru mat sai.

Dai majaw majan ginra de bai hkan nang, Balawng ni hte gasat

lawm, dai ngut nna bai wa hkring nga ai shaloi kaji Hkun Seng

“nanhte naw hkring mu ngai nanhte na shatmai naw shadu jaw

na” ngu, yi shari de shatmai naw sa tam na, chyinglap sa di na

nga sa wa ai kaw Balawng ni shingnawm kaw nna shingte sat

- 21 -

kau ai. Kaji Hkun Seng ngu ai wa gaw dai kaw si mat ai hku

re. Ndai Du La Wa, Dumhpawng Wa, hte Hkun Seng wa ngu

ai ndai ni rai nga ai. Raitim Hkun Seng hpe gaw anhte n jaw

ai, raitim Hkun Seng a kasha Zau Tang shi gaw kawa a malai

Du bai tai ra na mare masha ni hpe tsun ai, dai gaw nye wa a

kawa nan rai sai, nye kaji dwi rai sai. Maning a shawng shan-

ing (2008 ning) sha Myitkyina ndai nye nta kaw si mat ai, nye

wa Du wa La Raw a kawa nan re. Nye wa a kawa Duwa Zau

Tang hpe mung anhte a nta na gumgun gumhpai nat hku jaw

jau lai wa saga ai.

Anhte nta Masha Nat masum jaw ai, Dumhpawng wa,

Du La Wa, Zau Tang wa ngu ai ndai masum re. Anhte a kaji

majing ni rai sai, kaji ke ni Si mat ai hpang nat bai tai nna

nta masha ni hpe bai zinlum ai. Ndai kaba htum ai yawng a

shawng na Dumhpawng wa ngu ai nat gaw Moi na Ngaw Wa,

Lahtaw ni yawng jaw ai Ngaw Wa, Ngaw Wa a lahkum (my-

ihtoi lahkum) Myi htoi wa hpe hkringhtawng jaw nna myihtoi

htoi lu ai, galoi rai tim mung shaga lu ai, matut mahkai lu ai.

Bai Ngaw Wa gaw Dumhpawng wa hpe shi a myihtoi lahkum

hkringhtawng ap ya ai, dai mung myihtoi ga hte hkrai ginrat

hkat ai hku re. Dai hta hkan nna, anhte gaw lahtaw nga tim

lahtaw nat Ngaw Wa hpe anhte n jaw ra mat ai, anhte a kaji

- 22 -

ga na lung wa ai re” ngu tsun ai da, Salang dai ni gaw chye na

mat nna dai shaloi dai ni gaw “Nang nga ai de anhte hkan yang

i mai ai i?” ngu yang Ma gaw “mai ai le” ngu htan ai, “Kanang

nga nta?” ngu san yang “hpunggyi jawng kaw nga ai” ngu ai,

shanhte mung hkan nang ma ai.

Hpunggyi wa hpe sa hkrum yang dai lam yawng tsun

dan ai, Ma ndai hpunggyi jawng de kaning rai du wa ai lam ni

yawng tsun dan ai da. Dai tsun dan ngut jang she “Aw…. ma

ndai gaw du kasha re, Hkaw madu ra ai, hkaw dung ram sai”

ngu (10) ning nga jang gaw hkaw dung ram sai. Shanhte gaw

mi na Hkaw sa hkye ai jinghpaw du ni hte Loi lung Balawng

Du (yavmifapmfbGm;) (ya gaw Nam San rai nga ai anhte gaw Nam

San nga jang she chye na ai re, anhte ga gaw sam ga hku Loi

Lung ga ngu ai le,) ndai ni hte jinghpaw du ni pawng nna Zaw

Bwar kasha ndai hpe Zaw Bwa htingnu kaw Zaw Bwa sa sha-

dung da ya ngut ai hpang anhte lahtaw du ni gaw tinang nta de

tinang wa mat ai.

Sang lang mayu ai gaw gumgun gumhpai nat ngu ai

moi anhte jaw ai gumgun gumhpai nat ndai ni mana maka

masha hpe grai makawp maga ai, tinang hpe jaw jau ai kashu

kasha ni rai nga ai majaw, shanhte hpe jaw jau hkungga nga ai

nga nna makawp maga ai. N hkungga wa jang she gawa wa ai,

Kachin philo-quest

- 27 -

dai gaw n hkra ai da, hpyen la ni gaw wang kata de shang nna

dai kaw na hpyen ni mahkra hpe azat sat kabai kau nna lahtaw

du ni gaw dai Hkaw hpe sin taw nga ai. Sin taw nga yang

ngam taw nga ai ma kasha hte shan woi dwi hpe gaw hpunggyi

jawng langai kaw sa ap da ai. Dai ma kaba ai du hkra, Du tai

ram ai du hkra bau da ya mi ngu Sam hpunggyi (Mungmyit) ni

kaw ap kau da nna Hkaw hpe gaw Lahtaw Loi Hkaw ni sin da

ya ai.

La kasha asak (10) jan wa jang, dut lu dut sha chye

wa ai ten hpunggyi wa gaw shi hpe tsun ai, “Nang du kasha

re, nang hpaga yumga chye galaw ra na ndai, dai majaw nang

hpaga ga rawt su, htaw Balawng ga Loi Lung ga de Namsan

ga rai nga ai dai de gat wa dut su” ngu nna Lagup langai ma

galaw ya dat ai, “ndai Lagup nang galoi hkum raw yaw, hkum

shamat yaw” ngu htet dat let lagup n tsa kaw (“magwi n si

kawng n malaw”) ngu Sam ga hku ga makoi ka shakap dat

ya ai. Ma gaw lagup dai gup nna gat kaw gat dut, gat mari

nga yang Balawng Lawng Pe Hkawng kaw na salang ni gat

sa ai shaloi sa mu ai, dai ma a lagup ntsa na laika si hpe sa yu

“Magwi n si Kawng n malaw” ndai gaw lachyum rawng ai ga

she re ngu nna “ndai wa du kasha rai ang ai,” Ma hpe “nang

kanang na rai?, hpa baw rai sa a ni?” ngu san yang “Mungmyit

- 26 -

Dumhpawng wa hpe mahtang jaw ai, raitim Du La Wa hte Zau

Tang wa gaw myihtoi lahkum rai n lu ai.

Masha nat tai ai nat dai ni hpe gaw gumgun gumhpai

nat ngu ai re. Ndai ni gaw kashu kasha ni hpe makawp maga na

matu lit nga ai gumgun gumhpai nga ai, hpa raitim kashu kasha

ni hpe gun tawn da ai ni, kashu kasha ni a nga mu nga mai ai

lam hpe hpai tawn da ya ai ni, si hkrung si htan hpyen majan

ndai hpe hpai tawn da ya ai ni re. Ya ndai gumgun gumhpai

ngu ai kaji kawoi nat ndai ni gaw kaga nat ni hpe dang kau ai.

Shanhte hpe gaw hkungga jaw tim Nga hkungga jaw ai. Wa

hkungga pyi n jaw ai, Kaba dik ai hkungga gaw ndai ni hpe

jaw ai re. Kachyi kachyaw kawa ai nat ni hpe gaw nkau mi hpe

Wa jaw ai, U jaw ai, Gwi sat jaw nna shabawn ai re, toi kau

ai re. Raitim gumgun gumhpai nat gumja ni hpe gaw shanhte

a hkungri mung nhku kaw she re. Nta nhku Daw dap jut kaw

na hkungri hpe gaw nat shagyam ngu ai, pinra kaw jaw ai. Dai

gaw nhku nat mung nga ai, Gumgun gumhpai nat mung nga ai,

masha nat mung nga ai, dai gaw Masha nat nan rai sai.

Ya Miwa ni hte grai bung ai hku re. Kaji kawoi ni a

sumla nta kaw naw taw nga ai. Anhte Jinghpaw ni gaw nta

kaw naw ai sha n re, kaja wa hkungga jaw let shanhte hpe

grai hkungga ai hku re. Majan sa na majan hkrum sai nga jang

Kachin philo-quest

- 23 -

dai gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe shaga ra ai, myihtoi yu nna

gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe san ai, “Gai ya anhte majan rawt

na rai sai, dai ni hte gasat ra sai, anhte htim na i ? n htim ra ai

i? gara hku di na i?” ngu san, “htim mu” nga jang gaw htim,

htim jang gaw majan de kadai dai sa na ngu ai dai hpe jaba bai

wawt yu ai, shaman gapaw nna jaba wawt yu yang sa mai ai

nga shamawn hpru ai wa sa na, n hpru ai nga jang nang n mai

sa, nta kaw nga, mare kaw nga nna mam htu, majan jarik tam,

gat sa jum sa mari, hpawmi ni mahkawn ni hte mam htu n-gu

htu nna majan de lusha sa jaw, nga sat shan jahkraw hkraw nna

sa jaw, nai ni Wahkum si ni sa jaw rai nna; shamawn n hpru

ai ni gaw mare nta kaw nga ra ai hku re. Shamawn hpru sai

ni gaw sa rai nna nat gumja gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe Nga

hkungga kaba jaw nna shanhte hpe shaga ai majan kaw garum

la mi ngu hkungga jaw ai. Bai ndai Mu nat zawn re ai, Sinlap

nat zawn re ai, Jan hku nat zawn re ai ni hpe Wa langai langai

hkungga jaw ai.

Ga shadawn: Sakse madun na nga yang, moi nye kaji ke ni a

prat myen mung hta English ni garai n up ai ten, Mungmyit

Du (Zaw Bwa Wa) a gawk nu kaw Mungmyit Zaw Bwa ni hte

anhte Lahtaw ni, Loi Gaw Du ni gaw Mungmyit hte ni htum ai

Loi Gaw mare ( ya Loi Hkaw ni jinghpaw mung de htawt wa

- 24 -

masai) ndai ni hte Mungmyit Du ni gaw Mai sak hpaga rau ga

ai jinghku rai taw nga ai. Mungmyit gawk nu hpe Mung Leng

Du ni sa gashun la kau ai. Mungmyit Hkaw hpe bai je la ra sai

nga nna Lahtaw Du ni sha n rai Nhkum ni, Lahpai ni, Maran

ni hpe shaga nna “Bai! kaning di na kadai mung kadai tinang a

nat shagreng nna she sa ga ngu nna,” Maran ni mung shanhte a

Ning Yan wa hpe shaga, Nhkum ni mung shanhte a Gum Ja La

wa hpe shaga, lahpai ni mung Nga Hkyu wa hpe shaga hkung-

ga yawng jaw rai nna “yawng hkum sani ngu yang hkum sai”

Mu nat ni, Sinlap nat ni, Jan nat ni hpe wa nawng jaw rai majan

sa mat wa ma ai.

Mung Leng hpyen ni gaw dai Hkaw wang hpring,

Mungmyit Du gumgai hte ma kasha kaji shan lahkawng hk-

rai sha ngam da ai, hpyen ni gaw shan woi dwi hpe Hkaw

makau na lagat hpun hpung rawng mana maka re ai kata npu

kaw htawng langai mi galaw nna sharawng tawn da, dai kaw

shanhte gaw sa wang ma ai shanhte wang shang wa ai hte Mu

“Dem” nga marang chyit chyit nga htu nna Mu mung “dem”

Hkaw hpe wa wang shang wa ai shaloi dai lagat hpun kaba

hpe Mu sanit lang achye ai majaw lagat hpun dai gaw mahkra

hpyai daw mat ai.

Du gumgai shan woi dwi hpe rawng tawn da ai htawng

Kachin philo-quest

- 25 -

ai ngu gaw, laika n lu ai majaw masat masa galaw da na hpa

mung n lu ai. Kade galaw gade shakut majan kade dang ai nga

timung gahkaw garang sha tim matsing da na nlung hta kawk

ka da ai mung hpa n nga, hkum pup tawng hta ka da ai mung n

nga, hpri kaw tawk da ai mung n nga, magri pa kaw tawk da ai

mung n nga, nga dam timung Miwa hku she bai rai nga ai.

Shingrai nna anhte amyu masha ni hpe masat na laika

wa n lu ai majaw magrau grang gaw grai grang na saga ai,

gasat mung grai gasat na saga ai, dang mung grai dang na saga

ai, hpaji mung grai chye na saga ai; Miwa ni gawn dan ai hku

nga yang Jinghpaw ni nlung prat hta nlung sumpyi mung wawt

dum sai, nlung Hturen sumpyi re nga ai majaw Hturen ndai

gaw Jinghpaw a madum sumpyi re nga nna Miwa ni gaw masat

masa galaw ai. Ndai nlung sumpyi hpe carbon hte shadawn dat

yang shaning hkying 7 na sai, BC hku rai yang gaw hkying 5

ning daram nlung prat kaw na anhte gaw nlung hpaji chye taw

nga sai.

Raitim anhte masat masa hpa mung n nga ai, kadai

galaw da ai raitim tinang si jang tinang lupwa kaw lup shala-

wm kau ai bai rai, shi hte seng ai shi a arai mahkra gaw shi si

jang la wa u ga nga nna lup kaw yawng htawm bang kau dat ya

ma ai. Dai majaw arung arai masat masa hpa mung anhte kaw

- 42 -

ngu sasana sara Kincaid hpe dai tsun dan ai. Dai majaw “aw..

ndai ni gaw Karai Kasang hpe chye ai ni rai ma ai, Christan tai

jang gaw Karai hpung shingkang rawng na ni re, Karai marai

pru na ni re, Karai lawm ai masha ni rai na re” sasana sara ni

dai hpe mu ma ai. Sara Kincaid, Sara Hkushing ni gaw Sam

ni hpe sasana galaw na matu lung wa ai she Sam ni hte mana

maka shai ai, naw zai taw ai jumhpaw ni hte wa hkrum ai ten

dai ni tsun wa ai majaw “Nanhte jumhpaw ni mana maka n

hkru ai gumshem ai nga le, taw kaning rai nna dai daram ram

n hkru ai gumshem ai zai mit ni?” ngu yang “ Shanhte grau

zai ai gaw, anhte hpe roi ai majaw she shanhte hpe azat ai re,

dai majaw she re, hka... nanhte shanhpraw ni gaw anhte hpe

hpa n roi ai, hpa n di ai gaw nanhte manam rai tim anhte grai

hkungga ai” nga ai hku rai nga ai.

Anhte Jinghpaw ni gaw nta nhku shang yang manam

rai tim grai hkungga ai, shada rai jang grau hkungga ai, mayu

wa rai jang grai hkungga ai, dama wa hpe grai hkungga ai,

hpunau nga jang grai hkungga ai. Sasana sara ni gaw, “Oh....

ndai ni gaw masha myit rawng ai ni she rai ma ai, dai ma-

jaw n hkru ai hpe n ra ai ni rai ma ai” hpe chye mat ai.

Anhte Jumhpaw ni hkai ai maumwi mausa lam ni gaw

bung ai, shara ni hpa ni hkai ai hta loi shai ai sha re, bung ai

Kachin philo-quest

- 31 -

gaw yawng bung ai, jinghpaw ni yawng dai hku nga pra hkrat

wa ai re. Hkai ai ni loi loi matsing ai daram hkai ai nga yang

malap kau ai ni law ai, atsawm n matsing kau ai ni nga ai, dai

majaw hkai shai mat wa ai re. Yawng mu nna hkai ai n rai, hkai

hkrat wa ai hpe jawm matut hkai ai re majaw hkai shai mat wa

ai re. Tak tsun ai ni mung bai lawm “shing rai nna rai na sai”

dai ni hpe she “shing re da” nga nna dai hku hkai mat wa ai

re. Shi a masa gaw anhte a ginru ginsa aru gaw bung mat wa

ai, dai lakung lakying ni loi loi shai mat wa ai re. Sha-u ing ai

mung yawng bung nga ai, ndai lam ni yawng tsun nga ma ai.

Anhte ginru ginsa hkrat mat wa ai ni amyu myu re, tinang my-

ing kaning re mying wa ai ni mung bung nga ai.

Anhte a makam masham, shinggyim masha ni Phillo-

siphy rai nga ai makam masham hku na yu wa ai anhte a dai

ni na ga hku (faith and action) anhte a hkap la tawn ai makam

masham gaw anhte a sak hkrung lam hta kade daram hkrang

pru nga ai ngu ai hta sak se rai nga ai. Nye ji woi ji wa ni a

lam mabyin masa sat lawat hpe tsun wa ai gaw n dai rai nga ai,

anhte a makam masham hta mi kaw nna Karai Kasang nga ai

hpe gaw kam chyalu re. Bai nna nat ngu ai gaw Karai Kasang

a n pu na anhte dai ni jaw nga ai, anhte hte ganawn nga ai ni

re. Ganawn ai hta kaja ai mung nga ai n kaja ai mung nga ai,

- 32 -

de na gaw Sara Hanson lawm ai. Jinghpaw de na gaw Sara Sut

Nau lawm ai, Sara Ing Ram lawm ai.

Dai komiti kaw nna bawng ai hta Jinghpaw ni a matu

primary (lawu tsang) madang du hkra sha gaw Jinghpaw laika

hpe atsawm sha sharin ra ai lam yawng myit hkrum nna Jingh-

paw ni nga ai shara shagu na jawng, Asuya jawng, Sasana

jawng yawng kaw Jinghpaw laika text book hpe sharin na hku

Asuya kaw nna (jyXmef;) na matu Ginwang Hpaji Dap kaw nna

zuphpawng galaw let sara Ing Ram hpe jawng kaji, tsang lan-

gai, tsang lahkawng, tsang masum du hkra lit jaw let text book

ka lajang shangun ai hte shangut da sai. Tsang mali gaw text

book rai n lu ka lajang ai majaw, sara Ing Ram shawng e gale

da ai Christan Buhkawm laika (madang tsawm ra tsaw sai,

makam masham nan hkai ai laika buk) hpe hti sharin shangun

ai, ndai gaw Jinghpaw laika hta madang tsaw dik rai sai re.

Sara Ing Ram gaw tsang mali du hkra kachin text book hpe

galaw tawn da ya ai. Dai majaw anhte kaba wa ai shaloi tsang

mali du hkra dai hku sharin wa ai re. Tsang mali gaw bum ga

kaw n hpaw ai Asuya san poi shang ra ai majaw hpaji up ni du

lu ai Asuya san poi san lu ai shara mare kaba (myo) de she sa

lung ra ai.

Lai sai ten anhte nga hkrat wa ai hpa majaw n grin

Kachin philo-quest

- 41 -

ai majaw kahpu re law” nga Miwa mung na Jinghpaw ni gaw

dai hku sawn la ma ai. Dai majaw anhte Jinghpaw laika ndai

gaw Asuya kaw tara shang (rSwfyHkwif) da sai. English Asuya up

ai ten Sara kaba Hanson gaw Asuya kaw Jinghpaw laika hpe

tara shang (rSwfyHkwif) galaw ai, Chyum Laika gale ai ndai hpe

mungkan libray de bang sai. Dai hku na mungkan chye hkra

shi galaw sai. Jinghpaw laika sharin na matu Asuya Hpaji dap

kaw na nan (jyXmef;) ai.

1916 ning hta Sara Kaba Hanson ni Sara Kaba Rob-

ert ni Jinghpaw laika lu sai majaw Jinghpaw ni hpe Jinghpaw

laika chye na matu jawng kaw nan sharin ra ai, jawng kaw sha

n sharin yang gaw Jinghpaw laika ndai gaw n grin na re. Dai

majaw jawng laika hpaji hte seng ai hpaji hta grai kung ai grai

ram ai Sara Ing Ram (Yangon Cushing jawng sara) hpe Nam-

hkam ga de htawt la ai.

Asuya hpe tang madun ai lam ni galaw ai, woi lajang ai

wa gaw Sara Kaba Hanson re, Jinghpaw laika hpe jawng kaw

lu sharin na matu Manmaw kaw komiti langai hpaw ai. Man-

maw Ginwang kaw nna hpaji Du wa gaw Hkristan re raitim

Myen she re, shi hpe gaw tingnyang up galaw shangun ai,

ginjaw (XmecsKyf) kaw na masha kaba ni lawm ai, dai ni gaw

Christan ni re. Catholic de na bishop Gilhot lawm ai. Hkalup

- 40 -

n kaja ai ni gaw chyasam rai nga ai, kaja ai ni gaw ru sai ni ai

anhte hpe makawp maga ai ni rai nga ai.

Kachin hte Identity

Anhte a identity gaw anthropology hku nna bai gawn

ra sai, ya anhte a culture, anhte a thought hte anhte a culture

anhte hkap la ai phillosophy hte anhte hkan sa ai shani shagu

na (practical life) shani shagu jai lang mat ai ni hpe tsun nga ai,

hpang jahtum gaw ndai ni rai nga ai. Rai tim original gaw an-

thropology expert ni miman hpe yu, sat lawat hpe yu, shanhte

a hkai ai labau ni hpe yu nna, ndai ni gaw gara kaw na hpang

wa nna gara hku kaning rai ginru ginsa hkrat ai ni ngu ai hpe

chye lu na hku re. Anhte kaning rai na prat galai wa ai lam

hpe tsun ai re, culture ngu ai gaw shawng nnan e cult (makam

masham) kaw nna she practical life hpe form galaw mat wa ai

re.

Bai nna nga shara ginra hta hkan nna, hkyen bum e

nga ai ni a culture thought form gaw kaga rai na re, kahtet ga

nga ai ni, laru rat ga nga ai ni hte panglai de nga ai ni langai

hte langai a htunghking ni gaw kaga ga gaw rai mat wa na re.

Raitim anhte jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni anhte nga hkrat wa

ai anhte a lamu ga ginra (region) origin gara kaw na nga hkrat

Kachin philo-quest

- 33 -

wa ai kaning rai na anhte nga hkrat wa ai hpe yu ra na re. Dai

majaw ya prat gaw anhte a identity majing gaw hpabaw re ai

dai ni hpe anthropology hte historical research fact hku nna

she shachyaw la ra nga ai. Dai ni a ga sha n rai yang shawa,

mungkan e hkap la na mung n loi ai, dai ni a ga lawm yang she

masat masa jaw ya lu nga ai. Ya Miwa ni shanhte sawk ai hta

Miwa culture expert ni, Asuya ahkaw ahkang lu ai ndai ni nan

lawm nna hkan pawm ya, guide galaw ya rai nna galaw hkrat

wa ai rai mali ai. Shanhte galaw ai lam ni hpe shareng ya ai

myit hkrum ya ai lam ni nga ai, grai authority nga ai hku nna

galaw ai.

Ya anhte mung ndai zawn re ai lam ni lawan wan myit

ra na nhten. Ya hpa rai ta nga yang anhte hpe moi gaw jumh-

paw mung nga, jinghpaw su mung nga ai, Singhpaw mung nga

ai, tinghpaw mung ngu ai. Ya anhte gaw jinghpaw bai nga,

Lhaovo nga, Zaiwa nga dai hku bai rai wa. Kachin ngu ai gaw

anhte shamying la ai mying bai n rai. Kachin ngu ai gaw myen

ni, sasana ni she shamying ya ai she re. Moi sasana ni a prat hta

gaw “nanhte kadai bu, kadai ni law?” ngu san yang tinang nga

ai ga hpe law malawng tsun ma ai, “anhte gahkyeng ga na sa

ai ni rai ga ai, gahkyeng ni rai nga ga ai.” nga jang she sasana

sara ni gaw “hkyeng” ngu ai “hky” hpe tsun n manu ai majaw

- 34 -

a empire re nga nna shamying la, Yudia (Thailand) de mung

sa gasat ai, lama dang kau yang gaw (Thailand )mung myen

ni a empire kaw lawm mat na sha rai nga ai. Rakhaing de sa

gasat nna dang kau ai re majaw Rakhaing mung gaw Rakha-

ing ni a mung dan n rai mat sai, myen empire kata e shang mat

sai. Mon ni mung myen empire kata kaw rai mat sai. Anhte

Jinghpaw ni hpe gaw Myen ni Assam de majan gasat ai rai

tim Jinghpaw share shagan ni garum la nna arau majan pawng

gasat ai majaw Myen gaw up lu hkra n rai lu ai, majan wa sum

ai majaw Jinghpaw ga hpe claim n lu galaw ai re. Assam hpe

lama dang kau nna Assam hpe lama myen lu up yang anhte

Jinghpaw mung myen empire kata kaw rawng mat na chyalu

rai nga ai. Mahar Bandu La hpe myen wa kumhpa jaw up sha

shangun ai re, hkan se hta sha shangun ai shara re ngu nna

shanhte labau hta dai hku ka bang kau na sha rai nga ai.

Dai majaw anhte a labau gawn hpang wa ai jarit

gaw laika lu ai kaw nna sha re. Kadai mi n na ra yang mung

n na ra, nat jaw wa n na ra tim gara hku n chye di ai. Miwa wa

gaw dai chye na mat sai, “ndai ni laika lu ai kaw nna myu kaba

jahpan hta shang wa sai” ngu hpe chye ai majaw htunghking

salang ni tsun ai “anhte dai galaw ga, Miwa ni hpe nanhte kah-

pu ni she re” ngu yang “n re ai nanhte ni she laika shawng lu

Kachin philo-quest

- 39 -

ai majaw ndai hte lu la da saga ai ngu n mai sawn la nga ai,

madu galaw sha lu ai daram sha rai mat ai. Raitim madu lu

ai ahkaw ahkang gaw laika n lu ai majaw kadai hte mung

contract n galaw tawn da ai, sakse sakgan hku nna ri nhtu

re ni jaw hkat ai gaw arai sha re majaw mat mat ai baw sha

rai nga ai, lang jin lang htum jang tawn kau ai baw arung

arai sha re majaw sak se sak gan (proof) hpa mung n nga

ai, grin ai proof n tai ai.

Langai gaw anhte laika n lu ai a majaw, amyu langai mi

hku nna grai magrau grang hkrat wa ai Miwa hkaw hkam pyi

gan tai ai raitim, hkaw hkam langai mi mung n lu shadun lu ai,

jinghpaw mare langai mi pyi n lu de ai, anhte lamu ga re ngu

sakse n lu madun ai. Myen wa kabye du sai ga gaw myen ga rai

mat sa, myen wa gaw n lu up tim mung Assam ga wa gabye da

sai, hkaw hkam wa kabye kau da ai shara gaw hkaw hkam ga

rai mat sai, moi na ni gaw dai hku she myit sawn la ai re, hkaw

hkam wa hte hpyen hpung ni gabye ai shara gaw anhte gabye

la ai shara rai sai nga nna shi hkrai dai hku rai mat ai. Jauman

ni hte contract wa n galaw da timung maumwi hkai nna Hkaw

Hkam wa hte hpyen hpung ni sa gabye da sai ngu ai hpe claim

galaw ai.

Dai majaw Hugawng ga mung myen Hkaw Hkam ni

- 38 -

“Kahkin” nga dai hku tsun ma ai, “gahkyeng kaw na kahkin,

hpang jahtum gaw Kachin” nga ai de gale wa ai re. Sara kaba

Robert ni prat e gaw “Kahkyeng” ni naw nga ai, hpang

jahtum daw sara Hanson ni a prat du wa mahka shaloi

“Kachin” nga tsun gale lang mat wa ai re. Kadai kaw na

“Kachin”ngu hpang wa ai pyi n chye ai hku re. Sasana ni

gaw “Kahyeng” nga anhte hpe shamying ai re.

Ya na “Kachin” ngu ai gaw anhte a identity majing gaw

n rai nga ai, “u - csifvdkY” Kachyin ngu ai re amyu myu nga dai

ni gaw yu nna tak tsun ai she re, sawn yu na tak tsun ai rai nga

ai. Chying tawt kaw na lawt pru wa ai re majaw jinghpaw ngu

ai re nga, chying amya hpaw nna pru wa ai re majaw jinghpaw

ngu ai re nga dai ni mung tak tsun ai lam sha rai nga ai. Anhte

gaw kam ging ai fact n nga ai majaw dai hku na rai mat wa ai

re. Sasana sara ni anhte hpe “Gahkyeng” nga ai gaw sakse

madun lu mai nga ai. Kadai ni ngu ai di nna madun lu ai, Gah-

kyeng ni ngu ai mung nga taw ai rai, Sara Kincaid a lam mung

kaja wa anhte ga du yu sai sasana sara re hpe mung yawng

chye taw nga ai re, shi ka da ai laika mahtang mung nga taw

nga ai majaw dai gaw proof nga ai. Shawng nnan e anhte hpe

“gahkyeng” nga ai raitim yawng a mying gaw bai n rai nga ai,

lamu ga langai mi “gahkyeng” ngu ai buga ginra langai sha

Kachin philo-quest

- 35 -

naw rai taw nga ai, shanhte nga ai buga ginra hpe lakap nna

tsun ai she re, shamying la ai she re.

Moi anhte kaba wa ai shaloi mung dai hku sha re “nanhte kadai ni rai ma ta?” nga jang anhte nga ai kahtawng gaw Man Seng e rai nga ai, dai majaw “Man Seng ni rai nga ai lo” dai hku sha tsun ai re. “kadai kasha ni rai mani?” nga san yang she kadai kadai ngu tsun ai re. Dai majaw ya anhte gaw Miwa ni a lam gawn yu nna anhte a lam kaning nga tsun nga ma ai, hkai nga ma ai shanhte a museum kaw gara hku madun tsun da ma ai hpe gawn yu, shanhte hkai ai labau laika ni hkan yu nna anhte jinghpaw ni hpe kadai ni matsing nga ma ai ngu ai hpe mung gawn la mai nga ai. Tibet ni kade daram anhte hpe chye ai lam ni, Miwa ni anhte hpe galoi kaw nna chye ai, kade daram chye ai, Kala ni anhte hpe galoi kaw nna chye ai, kade daram chye ai, Myen ni kade ram chye ai ndai ni anhte gawn la nna anhte gara kaw na kaning rai pra hkrat wa ai ni re ngu ai hpe gawn la sawk la mai nga ai.

Amyu Langai tai wa ai lam

Amyu langai mi wa tai ai gaw anhte laika wa lu ai

kaw nna she amyu langai tai wa ai re. Moi prat laika n lu ai

shaloi gaw labau ka da na kadai n nga, Miwa Hkaw Hkam sa

- 36 -

tai ai langai mi chyawm tai sai nga ma ai, raitim nau gumshem

ai majaw Miwa ni shachyut kau nna Jinghpaw ni Hkaw Hkam

bai n lu tai mat ai nga Miwa salang ni gaw dai hku hkai ma ai

da (Du mahtu naw tsun dan ai). Dai lam ni gaw nga ai raitim

ginru ginsa nga pra hkrat wa let wa galaw ang ai mabyin lam

re, grin ai mung n rai, hkaw hkam amyu bai n rai nga ai.

Chyum laika hta mung Yosep gaw mayam she re tim

hkaw hkam sa tai, ram jang gaw hkaw hkam tai mai nga ai, tim

prat tup tai ai baw n rai nga ai, hkaw hkam kasha hkaw hkam

sai bai n re majaw shi ngut jang gaw ngut mat sai sha rai nga ai.

Kashu kasha ni hpe gaw mi na zawn sha mayam sha bai masat

mat ai sha re.

Anhte ginru ginsa hkrat wa yang mung dai hku re, anhte

gaw bum masha re majaw bum hku yu hkrat wa ai, layang ga

nga hkrat wa jang gaw ganang ganang, ndai ni gaw anhte a

shara ngu na mung htaw ra daw de Jinghpaw ga ngu anthe

gara kaw mung n masat da ai, madu gaw madu taw nga sai

raitim masha ni chye hkra n lu masat ai. Miwa ni hte anhte

myit hkrum nna ndai hte gaw nanhte jinghpaw du ni up mu

ngu na contract ni, document ni sakse hte rai na mung bai n

nga, miwa ni hte gasat hkat nna n dai hte anhte dang la saga

ai ngu mung n mai tsun nga ai. Ndai hte anhte nga hkrat wa

Kachin philo-quest

- 37 -

Myen ni gaw jinghpaw laika hpe grai n ra ai, shanglawt

nnan lu ai ten jinghpaw laika gaw Myen (kabyi) hte n rai mat

ai, Kayin laika, Sam laika ni gaw (Myen kabyi) re, dai majaw

jinghpaw laika ndai hpe shanhte nau wa n ra sharawng ma

ai. Sara Adorniram Judsin (Yudathan) hpe shanhte dai daram

mara n shagun ai shi gaw Myen laika pyi sharawt ya ai Myen

dictionary galaw ya ai, Myen ga hku tara hkaw ai, Myen lai-

ka hpe grai sawk ai dai majaw Myen laika hpe jahpu ya ai,

Myen hku nawku na hku shi galaw ai majaw sara Yudathan

hpe shanhte dai daram myit n machyi ai. Myit machyi dik ai

gaw sara Hanson hpe re, Hkang ni na laika mung anhte lang

ai laika sha re, Rawang ni lang ai hte bung ai, Rawang ni hte

Hkang ni na laika gaw capital letter hku nna sha law mai ka ai,

nhti nhtang mung lawm ai majaw type writer galaw na mung

yak ai.

Ya anhte a laika gaw English laika hte maren mai lang

mat ai. Anhte Jinghpaw laika hta “wa, Wa” nga ai hpe anhte

jinghpaw ni ka lang yang gaw manu ai, dai hpe sara kaba Crid-

er gaw grai myit hkrum ai, “nanhte na laika gaw nsen lung

lung yu yu maka n nga ai, ka ai shaloi mung dai n ra ai, hti ai

shaloi ndai gaw Jinghpaw ga hpe shareng ai dai nan re. Jingh-

paw ga sha n chye shaga ai wa gaw dai n chye hti na re, ndai

- 54 -

n nga ai, laika masat masa mung n nga ai majaw anhte kade

ram magrau grang hkrat wa ai rai tim anthe matsing da na lam

mung n nga mat ai. Anhte kade hkik lai wa timung masat masa

hpa n nga wa ai, dai gaw laika n lu ai a majaw byin ai lam lan-

gai re.

Bai langai gaw anhte a lamu ga n lu masat da ai,

ndai hte gaw anhte a lamu ga re anhte ga re, anhte mungdan re

ngu nna gara kaw mung lamu ga jarit hte hkrak, makau grup

yin na Hkaw Hkam Hkaw Seng du magam amyu ni hte myit

hkrum ai laika sakse satgan hte hpa mung n lu galaw da ai.

Hkaw Hkam mung anhte n san da lu ai. Mare n de da lu ai,

Lamu ga n masat da lu ai sha dai hku ginru ginsa nga hkrat wa

ai re.

Lahkawng hta gaw Nawku htung, nat jaw hpe gaw

nawku htung ngu kadai n masat ai, animism (nsoi nsa naw ai ni

rai ma ai) sha rai nga ai. Dai majaw nsoi nsa rawng ai mahkra

hpe naw ai ni re, shanhte hpe jaw jau ai mung amyu myu rai

nga ai, jaw jau ai htunghking mung n bung, kadai mung kadai

chye ai hku jaw jau ai, anhte nat jaw ai htung hpe gaw nawku

htung ngu nna dai ni du hkra nawku htung langai hku kadai

n masat ai. Makam masham hku gaw masat ai, raitim nawku

htung hku gaw n mai masat ai hku re.

Kachin philo-quest

- 43 -

Hkrsitan, Hindu ni hpe gaw yawng e masa langai htung

langai hku nna masat ai. Masha daw wa hpe kahkyin lu hkra

re htung rai yang she nawku ai htung langai mi hku shanhte

masat ai re. Anhte gaw nawku htung mung n lu masat ai,

anhte myit hkrum ai gaw nga timung anhte shada chyu

gasat hkat nna aten shama mat wa ai re. Mayu wa hpe n

hkungga ai nga nna Dama wa hpe jahte sa tam sa gasat dat.

Maran wa a lamu ga hpe Lahtaw wa myu mi sa di ya jang

maran wa gaw lahtaw wa hpe bai gasat. Nau wa si htum wa

sai nga jang she n jaw sai nga nna Mayu wa hpe ndai daram

sat gaw n mai, Dama wa hpe ndai daram sat n mai, hpunau ni

shada ndai daram rai gaw n mai ai law htinglu htinglai saga

nga nna kasa shaga bai htinglu htinglai la, bai shapyaw la ai.

Ning rai achya hkrat wa ai ni re. Majan byin ai lam gaw hkyen

lu hkyen sha ai majaw mung re, gyam lu gyam sha ai majaw

mung byin ai re. Shada da shawa hkat, ga law hkat, chyi hkat,

achya hkat nna nga hkrat wa ai re.

Dai majaw laika n lu ai majaw masat masa hpa mung n

lu tawn da ai, lahkawng gaw nawku htung n lu ai majaw anhte

a makam masham hpe shangang shakang na matu n mai ai.

Dinghku langai hte langai kam ai, gumgun gunhpai nat mung

kaga ga she re, ngai kam ai nat, shi kam ai nat kaga ga re ma-

- 44 -

hkra hte yawng myit hkrum sai, yawng lang na myit hkrum sai,

lang mai sai rai yang dai grin mat na rai nga ai. Ya lang nga ai

sara Hanson a laika ndai mung moi kalang mi anhte lang lai wa

ai laika re ngu ai hku naw mai dip ai, naw mai lang ai, English

ni mung version grai law hkra dip nga ma ai, version langai hte

langai dip na lang nga ma ai, gara dip dat dat yawng chye hti

nga ai, sara Hanson a laika mi dip dat tim yawng chye hti nga

ai. Ya na wunpawng laika hku dip dat timung ndai mung chye

hti nga ai, nsen sha shai na re, Lhaovo nsen hpe gaw Lhaovo

hku ka, Lachid nsen hpe gaw Lachid hku ka, Rawang nsen hpe

Rawang hku ka la mai hkra anhte galaw kau ra ai. Dai hku rai

yang anhte a myu sha laika langai mai byin mat wa ai.

Raitim Hanson laika nga ai kaw wunpawng laika bai

jai lang na nga yang challange gaw wa byin na re, lang mai

ai nga yang lang na sha rai nga ai, ndai mung naw mai lang ai

nga yang lang na sha rai nga ai. Ndai lahkawng masum gaw n

lang saga law nga lani mi na aten hta shing nga du wa na ra ai,

ya gaw dai hku ahkaw ahkang naw jaw nna lang nhtawm gara

wa grau lang manu yang dai wa grin mat na re, tim aten gaw

la ra ai, amyu langai mi a labau ngu ai gaw laning mi hte sha

mai byin ai baw n re, prat a yi ngam maka hta hkan nna amyu

langai mi shalat shangai sa wa ai re.

Kachin philo-quest

- 53 -

mi mung n ngam hkra lu jum ai lu hkra ai gaw KBC sha re,

mying jahpan yawng hta tawn da chyalu re. Sharin shaga ai

lam nawku jawng sa ai lam yawng hkam la chyalu re, bungli

galaw ga nga yang yawng maren, yawng rau shamu shamawt

ai. Asuya nan n ngu tim Asuya hkrang hku nna sa taw nga ai

re, Miwa ni gaw dai hku mu mada ma ai.

Hpung lam ndai hpe kadai hpa mi nga nga anhte

rawt wa ai gaw teng man ai nawku htung rai nga ai Yesu

a nawku htung dai langai mi hte rawt lawan wa ai re. Moi

gaw gasat hkrai gasat hkat amya yu wa ai ni ya gaw hkrum wa

nga ai. Ya bai bra wa nga ai, “dai Jinghpaw laika dai mi gaw

moi sara Hanson galaw da ai she re gaw, masha ni sa galaw ya

ai she re, anhte nan galaw la ra ai Lhaovo wa mung galaw la

na kadai mung galaw la na kaga ga galaw la saga myu kaga ga

tai wa ga dai hku byin wa nga ai. Laika chyawm gaw n shut ai

Lhaovo hku lu ka hkra, lu shaga hkra, chyum laika mung gale

sai, mahkawn mangwi gale ya sai, laika anhte galaw ya sai, rai

timung n mai bra mat ai, n mai garan mat ai.

Sara Ja Gun galaw ai Jinghpaw laika hpe yawng tang

madun yu, yak ai lam, galai ra ai lam ni hpe yawng a ningmu

hpe hkap la nna ndai hku rai yang kaja htum rai na re ngu bai

gram la, shangang la nna mung masha ni hpe grau sang lang

- 52 -

jaw makam masham hta kahkyin gumdin na n lu ai. Anhte

gaw galaw lu galaw sha nhkan e shada da chyu gasat hkat,

kanawn mazum, Mayu Dama kahpu kanau shada roi hkat ai,

dip hkat ai nga chyu hkai nna shawa hkat gasat amya hkrat wa

ai majaw anhte hta e ngang kang ai htunghking n lu ai. Ngang

kang ai htunghking n lu jang amyu langai mi ngu nna anhte n

mai masat ai. Kade mi aprat galu tim amyu langai mi ngu nna

kadai n mai masat ai, dai masa hta anhte nga mat ra ai re.

Jinghpaw Laika

Anhte ya gaw gara kaw sha she mai byin wa ai i nga

yang laika lu hpang ai kaw na re. Sasana sara ni Sara Hanson

mung laika galaw ai gaw grai ahkyak ai re lam, mat n mai ai

grai shakut let galaw da ai re. Jinghpaw laika hpe mungkan

ting hkap la mai ai laika byin hkra galaw ai. Myen (uAsOf;) hte

ka ga nga jang gaw myen ni Kala ni gaw lu hti ai. Raitim Inter-

national madang nga yang myen laika hkum hku nna jinghpaw

nsen mahkra n lu rim nga ai, mungkan de nsen hkrawn hkrang

hkra n lu shabra ai.

Sara kaba Dr. Ja Gun tsun ai Thailand Payap Univer-

sity kaw shi nga ai shaloi myen hku shagun ai laika ni gaw n du

ai da, Thai ni gaw myen laika n chye hti jang kabai kau ya ai,

Kachin philo-quest

- 45 -

jinghpaw laika rai yang gaw shalai ya ai da “Chiang mai nga

hpe, chang mai” Jinghpaw hku ka tim laika si ni loi bung ai

majaw shalai ya ai da. Sara Hanson anhte hpe ya na jinghpaw

ga si ni hte galaw da ya ai gaw kaja dik rai sai. Nsen mung

amyu myu mai shapraw la ai, ya Lhaovo nsen mung ndai kaw

na bai galaw la nna nsen mai shapraw nga ai. Lachid nsen ni

mung dai hte maren laika hkum hpe galaw dat jang mai byin

mat ai sha rai nga ai. Dai majaw grai ngangkang ai laika hkum

re. Ndai hpe galaw ngut jang Sara Kaba Hanson gaw (rSwfyHk-

wif) ai, dictionary mung galaw ai, Chyum laika gale ai dai ni

yawng tang ai. Mungkan e masat masa galaw ai, shi lung wa ai

Rocherster university kaw nna Doctor of Literature degree shi

hpe jaw ai. Myen mung a Govenor gaw jinghpaw dictionary

galaw shapraw ai majaw Sara Hanson hpe myen gumhpraw

dengga (400) jaw ai.

Bai nna English hkaw hkam wa gaw shi hpe Kaizahin

ngu ai shagrau mying jaw ai. Dai ten gaw India mung kaw

nna up ai ten re majaw india mung na Viceroy wa gaw social

sevice hta ningtawn ningla galaw ai wa ngu nna social service

distinctive shagrau ai. Myen mung asuya, India hte British

Empire yawng myit hkrum let masat masa laika galaw da ai.

Dai majaw ndai Jinghpaw laika gaw ngang kang dik ai amyu

- 46 -

(20) laika buk (20) gaw chyum jawng kaw nna ayan pru wa ra

ai. Bai nna Magazine Journal ni shata mi (2,3) gaw ayan pru

nga ra ai, jinghpaw hte english hku pru nga ra ai, shaloi she

anhte a jawng, anhte a amyu hpe kaga masha ni chye wa na re,

internet hte mung shapoi tik tik di ra ai, kadai hti yang mung

hti kadai madat yang mung madat hpa sha rai tim shapoi dat ra

ai.

Laika hte nawku htung gaw hpa mi nga nga moi nat

jaw rai ga tim ya gaw sara Hanson tsun ai “nanhte hkristan

tai wa, hpung shang wa ai shaloi, nanhte hkungri hpe sha

nat kau mu, nat hpe sha hkyawt kau mu, nat hpe gaw galoi

mung hkum jaw sa, nanhte hkungri mung atsai sha nat kau

mu, rai timung nanhte a htunghking hpe gaw hkum nat

shalawm kau, hkum kabai shalawm kau nanhte a htunghk-

ing hta Karai Kasang a lata hkang lagaw hkang grai lawm

ai, dai hpe chyum laika hte shagreng la mu, shangang la

mu” tsun ai, dai hpe ya anhte ni hpung hku woi awn ai, Miwa

ni gaw KBC hpe Asuya langai mi hku masat ai hku re, second

government nga ai, fi rst government gaw tara shang Asuya rai

nga ai, anhte n ra timung tara shang Asuya rai sai majaw hkap

la ra sai. Raitim jinghpaw mung hta second government gaw

KBC re, amyu masha, hpung masha, mare masha ni hpe langai

Kachin philo-quest

- 51 -

KTC bank nga nna hpaw da ma ai, dai kaw Jew hte English

gayau ai Loi Khaing ngu ai wa grai ram ai shi hpe manager

galaw shangun ma ai. Dai bank gaw grai mying kaba ai Kala

Miwa ni yawng dai kaw bang ma ai, Sam ni mung bang ma ai,

grai kangka ai, grai kam malu ai. Jinghpaw hpaga hpung nga

ai Myitkyina kaw hpaw ai hpaga hpung gaw Shanglawt nnan

lu ai hpang e Lazing Naw ni a seng kaw nna hpaw hpang wa

malu ai re. Manmaw ni mung hpaga hpung hpaw ma ai.

Hkristan, Jinghpaw Wunpawng Htunghking hte Ga

Anhte myu Wunpawng sha ni shawng nnan Laika hpe

shareng ra ai, Nawku htung, Jawng grai ahkyak ai, galaw lu

galaw sha mung jawng kaw sharin yang she kung wa mai ai,

maram masam ai hte sha gaw n dang ai, jawng kaw nan zai

ladat ni atsawm sha sharin ya ra ai, technic she jawng kaw mai

sharin ai re.

Mying gaw rai n rai nga ai anhte myu sha Jinghpaw

laika hpe atsawm hkrak lang lu hkra ndai hte hpa mung ka lu

hkra galaw ra ai. Dai majaw ngai Chyum jawng ni hpe n gun

jaw ai, professor law law shalaw, department law law hpaw ra

ai, professor (20,30) nga yang gaw laning mi English hku ka

ai, jinghpaw hku ka ai laika myu lahkawng n law htum volumn

- 50 -

sha laika nan rai sai.

Chyum Jawng hte Sasana Jawng

Sara Hanson (50) ning Ja jubilee kaw hpang jahtum

mungga hta htet da ai ga (4) nga ai.

(1) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu teng man ai nawku

htung lu ra ai, nanhte gaw yesu a nawku htung lu manit dai,

ndai hta galu kaba wa mu.

(2) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu amyu sha laika

ngu nga ra ai, nanhte hpe dai ni jinghpaw laika ngai galaw ya

sai jinghpaw laika lu manit dai ndai hte hpaji sharin la mu.

(3) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu jawng hte sara nga

ra ai, dai ni nanhte ndai laika mung lu sai Chyum laika mung

lu sai, mahkra lu manit dai majaw jawng hpaw mu, kahtawng

shagu jawng hpaw wa manu, nanhte nga ai shara shagu jawng

hpaw nna sharin la mu, sara tai sharawng mu. Sara tai ai hta

No. (1) gaw tara hkaw sara tai na sharawng mu, No. (2) jawng

sara tai na sharawng mu, shabrai sha na rai hkum tin, jawng

sara tai na hpe naw shawng sharawng mu.

(4) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu hpaji hte galaw lu

galaw sha chye ra ai, hpaji ladat hte chye galaw sha ra ai, ya

dai ni nanhte yi hkyen sha ai ngu ai gaw hpaji n ra ai, lamu ga

Kachin philo-quest

- 47 -

hpe yu, hpun kawa maling hpe yu, du hkra ladaw lamu hpe

mada yu nna yi hkyen ten rai sai nga jang sa hkyen dat, hkai

ten rai sai nga jang hkai dat, ndai kaw nai hkai yang mai ai nga

yang dai kaw nai sa lup dat, ndai kaw hkai nu hkai yang mai

ai nga yang hkai nu sa lup dat, lamu ga masa hpe yu nna hkai

sha ai gaw hpaji n re, maram masam machye machyang sha re,

hpaji nan chye nna galaw sha ra ai. Laksama ndup nhka zawn

re ai ni hking arung arai galaw ai ni yawng hkai lu hkai sha

hpaji hte sa wa ra ai.

Manmaw Robert jawng kaw laksama hpaji hte gapy-

awn nna sharin ai, Myitkyina KBS gaw ndup jawng hte gapy-

awn sharin ai, Zinlung jawng rai jang Da da jawng, Namhkam

jawng mung Da da jawng hte ta hpaji jawng gapyawn nna

sharin mat wa ai re.

Chyum jawng kaw gaw mahkra sharin ai, hkailu hkai-

sha ni tara shang diploma awng sai ni, Pinmana kaw hkaisun

jawng awng sai ni (Jan Mai Kawng kaw hpung up sara wa tai ai

ya n nga mat sai Sara Lahkang gaw Chyum jawng hte hkaisun

sara re), hkai lu hkai sha rem lu rem sha ndup, laksama mahkra

sharin ai. Ngai Kuthkai Chyum jawng nnan lung ai shaloi Sara

Sword lang ai arai re nga ndup rai ni sumdu sumnep sumht-

ing yawng hkrum hkra naw nga ai, laksama rai mung zing ret

- 48 -

da hpa da yawng hkum hkra naw nga ai, Chyum jawng kaw

nan ndup, laksama yawng sharin ai. Num kasha ni a matu lata

hpaji, ri da maka hpaji (Saranum Nang Seng gaw Mandalay

Domestic school kaw Diploma hte awng la ai, ri da maka hpaji

yawng chye ai, tara shang lekmat lu ai,) ni hpe Chyum jawng

kaw wa sharin shangun ai re.

Shanglawt lu ai hpang she anhte Jinghpaw ni hpe sasa-

na sara ni kau da na ten du wa ai shaloi she chyum jawng gaw

chyum laika hpe madung tawn nna hpung woi ai hpaji hpe

sharin na hku, kaga bawngring ai hpaji hpe gaw sasana jawng

hte buga hpung ni sharin manu ga ngu dai de madung dat mat

wa ai re. Ya chyum jawng kaw yawng hkum hkra n sharin mat

sai. Dai majaw sara kaba Hanson a numhtet ga hta “ndai (4)

grai a hkyak ai, teng man ai nawku htung, amyu sha laika,

hpaji jawng hte hpaji sara, galaw lu galaw sha hpaji ni

gaw atsawm sha kung ra chye ra ai, hpaji ladat hte galaw

sha ra ai” nga numhtet ai hku re. Anhte hpe hpaga yumga

n chye galaw ma ai nga nna mung grai hta ma ai, masha ni

kaw na chyu mari lang ai, gunrai galaw shapraw mung n chye

ai, hpaga kaba zawn re ai ni (company) hpaw rai nna n chye

galaw ai. Sam mung ni chyawm gaw Kachin Trading company

nga nna hpaw da ma ai, bank du hkra hpaw ma ai. Lashio kaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 49 -

- 66 -

chye hti na matu Jinghpaw ga shawng chye ra ai, Jinghpaw

laika sha chye nna Jinghpaw ga n chye yang hpa n tai ai. Laika

gaw kadai mung mai sharin la ai, mai chye ai, Jinghpaw ga sha

n chye yang gaw Jinghpaw laika jaw hkra kadai mung n chye

hti ai, Jinghpaw ga shareng ra ai gaw ndai kaw re” nga tsun

ai.

Jawng shagu hta Jinghpaw laika atsawm sha sharin ra

ai, Chyum jawng kaw Jinghpaw laika hpe nsen kaw nna mah-

kra laika hkum sha n re atsawm sharin ra ai. Jinghapw ga nsen

ni nem tsaw gara hku lang ai ngu ai ni hpe sharin ya ra, Kachin

language hpe language hpaji madang sharin ya ra ai. Sara kaba

Crider nan mung chyum jawng kaw jawnggawk (class) hpaw

ai, Jinghpaw laika gawk hpe hpaw ai, sara Zau Yaw hte anhte

ni hpe “nanhte Jinghpaw ga n chye ai ngai she chye ai” nga

tsun ai. Jinghpaw laika phonetic principle ni gaw anhte n chye

ai, sara shi she chye ai. Jinghpaw laika sharin sai nga yang

laika sha n re nsen du hkra amyu langai a nsen gaw gara hku

shapraw ai, Myen a nsen gara hku sa ai, Sam a nsen gara hku

sa ai, dai du hkra sharin ra ai, Jinghpaw laika hti Jinghpaw ga

ga yang gaw gara hku ngu ai hpe akri akrai sharin ra ai.

Sara Ja Gun tsun ai hta “myen ga gaw ladi nsen re da”

n-gup nsen, wa nsen nau n lawm ai ladi nsen grau law mala-

Kachin philo-quest

- 55 -

wng lawm ai. Dai majaw myen ni gaw Jinghpaw laika nga

mat ai hpe grai n ju, grai pawt ai, Myen mung masa salang

langai mi tsun ai hpe Jinghpaw la langai mi na la kau ai

“Kachin ni laika lu mat ai grai machyi ai, Jinghpaw hpe

gara hku mung zinglum n lu sai, Jinghpaw ngu ai myu

langai tai mat sai” nga tsun ai. Jinghpaw laika nga mat ai

majaw Jinghpaw ni amyu langai tai mat wa ai. Myen a zaw

hkring mang n mai shatai mat ai Myen jahpan hta n mai bang

mat ai. Laika nga dingsa htunghking mung naw kaba wa na

re. Htunghking mung shamat kau ya ra ai, dai majaw Myen ni

gaw (1) Judson college hpe Yangon university de pawng bang

kau ai, ndai pawng bang kau ai hta Myen sara ni woi awn ai re

Myen sara ni Myen hpung up sara ni “anhte hte n pawng hkyen

mat sai amyu kaga rai mat sai” dai hku mu mat ai.

Dai majaw jinghpaw ni hpe asuya Power hte Myen

shatai kau ra ai nga maw wa ai. Judson college gaw Kayin ni

hpaw hpang ai re 1919 ning Jinghpaw laika galaw ngut nna

asuya ni (pya htan) ya ai hte rau Judson college hpe Yangon

university kaw pawng bang kau ai re. Dai majaw Judson col-

lege kaw Jinghpaw laika chyum laika n mai sharin mat ai

Jinghpaw hku nawku hpawng n mai galaw mat ai. Kaga cen-

tre hpaw nna Jinghpaw ramma jawng ma ni hpe zinglum ai

- 56 -

hte sharin ai hku hpaw ga ngu na woi hpaw ai. Anhte jinghpaw

a culture ndai hpe atsawm sha jinghpaw philosophy byin tai wa

hkra di ra ai. Jinghpaw ni a maumwi hta gaw hpun kawa, jan

shata shagan, dusat du myeng, shinggyim masha, nat ni mah-

kra gaw kanu langai kawa langai, chyanun yan woi shun kaw

nna shangai wa ai. Hpanwa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang du

hkra Chyanun yan Woi Shun kaw sa shangai nna mungkan ga

hpe sa shalat mat wa ai ni yawng rawng nga ai.

Dai majaw yawng hpe tsawra ra ai, hpun kawa, tsingdu

tsingman, Jan shata shagan yawng hpe hkungga ra ai, jai lang

ra ai. Dai gaw Ecology Principle rai nga ai, ndai kaw jinghpaw

maumwi hta rawng nga chyalu rai nga ai, anhte lak lak lai lai

hkaja ai lam n galaw ra ai, kachyi mi sha tsun dan dat yang

yawng hprang chye na sai. Masha maigan ni gaw dai hpe ma-

dung atsawm akri akrai sharin la ra ai.

Rev. Dr. Lahtaw Gum Se

Kachin philo-quest

- 65 -

ga shaga ai rai tim jinghpaw nsen hte shaga ra ai, ga shadawn:

(sara Saboi Jum a ga hpe maigan masha ni grai madat ya ai, shi

ga n chye n kaw nga, n manu n mana nga jinghpaw nsen hte

shaga ai majaw re.) dai gaw myu tsaw myit rawng ai wa re, shi

buga kaw kaba wa ai wa, shi amyu hte rau nga kaba wa ai wa,

ngu mai sawn la ai. English ga nau pye sa nga jang “ ndai wa

english hte ganawn ai, maigan kaw nga kaba wa ai wa re kun?

England e nga kaba wa ai wa re kun? American e nga kaba wa

ai wa re kun? nga mai myit la wa ai, tinang a buga mungdan

kaw kaba wa ai masha n re ngu myit la mai wa ai, myit kap

ai masha n re, ngu ai hpe chye mat ai. English hpe yu kaba ai

masha, English ga hpe yu kaba ai hku mai myit la ai.

Ahkyak ai gaw, shi a key, nli madung hpe n mai shamat

ai, dai hpe ding yang sa wa yang lani mi na nhtoi hta manang

wa kade manat timung n mai manat ai daw, akri daw n lu

manat jang gaw dai gaw kaba wa na sha re, anhte kaw nan akri

n rawng hkraw na sha tsang ra ai. Jinghpaw laika hpe masha

ni kade n kam lang ya timung anhte a htunghking nli gaw ndai

she re majaw ndai hpe anhte gaw nli kaja tai hkra anhte lang

mat wa na. Asuya ahkang jaw jaw, n jaw jaw hpa n seng ai

Jinghpaw jawng nan hpaw ra ai, dai majaw ngai gaw htunghk-

ing jawng hpaw ga ngu dai kaw jinghpaw ga, jinghpaw laika

- 64 -

Judson Church kaw centre hpaw nawku ku ra mat ai. (2) gaw

sasana jawng ni hpe Asuya jawng shatai kau ai anhte a laika

n mai sharin mat ai. Asuya (pya htan) ai laika sha mai sharin

mat ai, Jinghpaw laika sharin mu gaw nga ai tim majoi tsun ai

sha re, ga hte ahkang jaw ai sha rai mat ai, Upadi hte sharin

ra ai ngu nna n ka da ai. Jinghpaw sara ni gaw Jinghpaw laika

sharin n kam mat sai shabrai lu ai mung n re, kaga tution jaw

ai mahtang gumhpraw grau lu ai re majaw myit n lawm mat ai.

Sasana jawng zing kau dat ai majaw jinghpaw laika gara kaw

mung n lu sharin mat ai.

Jinghpaw laika n sharin mat, tang mat, Myen laika grai

chye wa sai nga jang Nawku hpung kaw bai ningjak wa ai.

Anhte nawku hpung hpe (jynfvHk;pnf;a0;ESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) kaw nna re-

gional convension (ucsifjynfe,fESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) hku masat mat wa

ra ai. (ucsifESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) hku n mai lang mat ai. (ucsifjynfe,f)

Jinghpaw mungdaw masha yawng nga jang gaw myen ga lang

ra sai. Sam ni mung Sam mungdaw nga yang Myen ga lang

ra sai. Myen chyum laika hti ra sai, Myen mahkawn hkawn ra

mat ai. Jinghpaw chyum laika dip saga nga jang anhte mahtang

she “n ra sai gaw dai amu shalaw Myen hku yawng chye ai

she re mi” nga tsun wa na ra ai anhte nan she pat na ra ai.

Myen hpung up sara ni a lahkam gaw anhte ni hpe Myen shatai

Kachin philo-quest

- 57 -

na hku re. Myen hpung up sara ni gaw (EdkifiHa&;tBuD;pm;) re. Ya

shanhte ni dai hku shachyai taw nga ma ai.

Myen shanhte ni myit ai gaw sinna masha ni anhte hpe

myit sa garan kau ya ai amyu sa garan kau ai shanhte a matu

hpyen kaba ningma kaba rai mat ai hku mu mat ai majaw anhte

Jinghpaw ni hpe mung dai ningma kaw shalawm kau ai, gara

hku n mai tsi la mat ai hku myit ma ai.

Moi gaw Sam ni mung nat jaw re yat yat pa ga de yu

wa nna Myen hte gayau mat jang she Buddhist gale mat ai

re. Myen hkaw hkam Ahnawrihta wa nan gawk ngu ni woi

gap amyu myu woi pyaw rai jang she Sam ni mung dai kaw

pyaw dum mat nna Buddhist makam kam mat ai. Rakhaing ni

mung dai hku rai mat ai, ndai ni hpe zinglum ai zawn shanhte

gaw layang ga Hkaw Hkam htingnu kaw bawnu shachyai nna

la nga nna Jinghpaw ni nat jaw ai re majaw yat yat Buddhist

makam kam mat na, nat hpe gaw prat tup jaw na n re layang ga

de du wa nna Myen hte gayau mat jang gaw Buddhist makam

tai mat wa na re shadu ma ai.

Raitim sasana sara ni shawng bum ga de du ai majaw

Christan tai ma ai, Chyum Laika lu mat ai, hpung de mat ai,

dai kaw Myen ni shanhte hpang hkrat mat ai majaw dai hpe bai

sharai hkye la na matu (urÇmat;apwD) zuphpawng kaba (sahta-

- 58 -

dai hku hkum tsun “na madu wa hpe kaning ngu shamying

ai, gara dama wa kaw kahpu kanau daw ai? na madu wa hpe

lahtaw la ngu shamying la sai, nhpye n-gang jahpye la sai, dai

majaw gara ganang du tim “nang kadai jan rai nta? Maran Jan

rai nngai ngu tsun ra ai. Nye madu wa myen re hkum ngu.”

Tinang a madu wa hpe maran kasha ngu shamying la jang gaw

maran la a madu jan rai sai. Kabya rai tim mung tinang a kawa

hpe maran ngu shamying jang tinang mung maran kasha rai

sai. Tinang a identity hpe tinang gumrawng gwi ra ai.

Nawku htung mung, “ngai gaw christan re” ngu gwi

gwi tsun ra ai sakse madun dan ra ai, tinang a nawku htung lam

hpe atsawm sha chye tawn da ra ai. Hpung shagu hta chyum

laika sharin ra ai. KBC kaw mung gawng kya ai lam grai nga

ai, Catholic ni gaw shanhte a makam masham hpe mana maka

dawk bang da lu ai, anhte Hkalup hpung ni gaw n lu dawk bang

ai, chyum laika n lu sharin ai. Chyum laika sharin nga jang sa

ai gaw marai 20 dang sha sa ai, chyum laika hpe ra ahkyak n

tawn mat ai. Tinang a makam masham tsun yang myit gyip

ai bai hkam la wa ai, myit gyip ai lam n re, tinang a lam

hpe masha ni chye na hkra gwi gwi tsun dan ra ai, tinang

hpa re ngu hpe gwi gwi htawng madun dan ra ai, shadan

shadawng ra ai. Tinang a ga hpe mung shareng ra ai, English

Kachin philo-quest

- 63 -

Shan sha nga ai “nang hpe kanang bang na” dai hku rai wa ai.

Dai majaw ya na anhte mahkra gaw anhte a group gaw gara

re, dai kaw ramma ni ngang ngang kang kang tsap nna, Kachin

ngu ai kata kaw she ngai gaw Lhaovo kasha, ngai gaw lachid

kasha, ngai gaw Rawang, ngai gaw Zai Wa, Ngai gaw Jingh-

paw, ngai gaw Lasaw ngu nna anhte shada kahkyin kumdin ra

ai. Anhte a identity hku nna kahkyin gumdin ra ai.

Mying shamying ai lam

Anhte a ginru ginsa moi na mying masat masa (jingh-

paw mying gaw myen mying hte gara kaw mung n bung ai) Ma

Gam, Ma Naw nga shamying ai tim myen kaw Ma Gam, Ma

Naw ngu n nga ai. Dai hpe dingyang anhte shamying ra ai re,

Ma Gam mying, Ma Naw mying nga shajang ai, dai hpe hkrak

hkrak shamying ra ai, ya prat dep ai nga nna mying amyu myu

hte shamying, mungkam masha ni tsun loi hkra nga nna April,

May, June ni hte bang mary nga josep nga hte bang dai ni hpe

mying hkawt hku nna bang mai ai raitim tinang a mying majing

hpe gaw lang ra ai; nang hpe jahtawng htu ai shani shamying ai

mying hpe gwi gwi tsun ra ai. Bai Num kasha ni mung, nang

hpa baw amyu rai nta? hpa baw kasha rai nta? na madu wa hpa

baw amyu rai nta? ... nye madu wa gaw kaga amyu law... nga

- 62 -

tangayat) nga dai galaw nna (awmifwef;omoem), (urÇmat;omoem)

dai galaw na daw dan ai wa hpang hkrat mat ai hku re. Raitim

naw shakut nga ma ai, lu galaw hkra naw shakut taw nga ma

ai. Ya Myitkyina kaw bum ga na matsan mayan rai wam wam

dam dam nga yu hkrat wa ai ma ni hpe free tution jaw nna

jawng ma ni hpe bai hkap hkam la nga ma ai. Ya gaw Jingh-

paw ni wa layang ga de ru hkrat wa jang she mi na hte maren

tingraw ja nna hkap taw nga ma ai. Hpunggyi jawng tingraw

hku nna hkap taw nga sai re, sasana hku bai hkap taw nga ai.

Buddhist ni gaw dasang sasana galaw ai nga nna pru ai n

nga ai, shanhte hkrai bra hkawm mat nna chyam bra wa

ai re. Hkaw hkam ni a masing mung maden jat na matu

galaw ai sasana she re. Ga shadawn: - India Hkaw Hkam

Ashoka a Buddhist makam masham shabra na masing, Myen

Hkaw Hkam Ahnorihta wa nawku lam hku nna woi pyaw woi

a ai majaw shi a mungdan lu maden nna shi a salung sala ni lu

shalaw na ngu ai masing rai malu ai. Mung masa hta jai lang ai

masing she re dai majaw Hkaw Hkam ni she sasana galaw ai,

hpunggyi ni sasana n galaw ai.

Myen ni gaw shanhte a Nawku htung hpe kadai n tsen

n rip hkra makawp maga ai lam sha re, Secularism nga tim alu

bang na gaw mung du hkaw hkam ni she re, tsahti (Lau ban) ni

Kachin philo-quest

- 59 -

mung shanhte she re, Buddhist makam kam ai hpung masha ni

shi hpunggyi sa naw ai ngu nna alu jaw na rai nga ai, dai hku

rai yang ja gumhpraw mana maka lu na. Ya Asuya madi ai nga

jang gaw n manu ai majaw kachyi mi sha lu madi ai, asuya n

madi ai nga jang gaw grai pyi naw shanhte lu na re. India mung

ni gaw moi na willian Carey a sasana Policy hte grai bung ai,

sasana policy gaw worldly spirituality ngu ai willian Carey a

prat, Spirituality hpe dinghta mungkan hta shang lu hkra, dai

kaw tsim shang na hku galaw ai re. Mungkan hpe galai dat na

mungdan hpe galai dat na masha prat hpe galai dat na, ntsa de

na shangai ai ngu ai hkrang hpe lang ai. Ya yang e kala ni lang

ai gaw secularization of Theology re. Sinna shan hpraw sasana

sara, American sara ni gaw kala hpung up ni dai hku tsun ai

hpe grai n ra ma ai. Shanhte sasana galaw ai gaw dinghta akyu

mungkan a sat lawat hte n kayau ai sha makam masham san

san galaw na matu Evengelical group ni gaw dai masa she sa

sharin woi awn ai. Kala ni gaw nhtang hku na theology hpe

mahtang mungkan masa galaw kau dat ai majaw sinna sasana

sara ni nnan e gaw grai pawt ai hku re.

Raitim shanhte a presentation, shanhte a masing masa,

nsen ni hpe bai madat yu nna hpang jahtum shan hpraw sara

ni gaw “the sweetest theology” nga tsun ma ai, grai si mani ai

- 60 -

theology hku mu mat ma ai. Dai majaw ya Kala ni a theologen

ni hpung up sara ni gaw dai hku sa ai re, raitim ya myen mung

hte gaw kala mung hte makam masham gaw shai nga ai. Myen

ni a sat lawat sawn ai lam hte Kala ni a myit sawn sat lawat ni

culture ni gaw grai shai ai. Myen kaw anhte jinghpaw ni grin

ngang nga lu na matu gaw shanhte hte bung ai hku sa yang

shanhte mayu kau na, rau nga ai hku masa rai yang hpa n

ra ai, shanhte hte n bung ai hku nna mungkan hte ngang

ngang kang kang matut taw nga ra ai.

Kachin Group

Anhte a identity hpe ya mi shamying mying “Kachin

group” gaw immigration kaw jahpan nga ai, kachin group hta

kadai dai lawm ai nga chyalu rai nga ai, dai hta gwi gwi shang

ra ai. Lasaw ni mung Rawang ni mung gwi gwi shang ra ai,

Lhaovo, Lachid ni mung dai kaw yawng gwi gwi shang ra ai,

anhte gaw Kachin re ngu hpa mi nga nga anhte gaw Kachin

group ngu gwi gwi tsun gwi ra ai shang gwi ra ai. Myen jawng

kaw manghkang pru ga sai, Myen jawng jahpan hta ai sha-

loi Lasaw ma ni she hpa tsun a ta nga yang (bmvJ? ucsifvm;)

ngu yang (r[kwfbl; ucsifr[kwfbl; vDql;) ngu htan ai, sarama gaw

('DvlrsKd;pkpm&if;xJrSm vDql;rygbl;) ngu tsun ai, Kachin, Myanmar,

Kachin philo-quest

- 61 -

Dai hpang, 1895 ning kaw nna, sasana ni ka ai laika ni

hta, Ka Cheens, Kahkyens, Kachins, ngu nna grai dam lada ai

hku tsun shaga ai hta mung, ka ai laika ni hta mung lang mat wa

sai. Ndai Kachins ngu ai mying mung, anhte bum nga masha

Maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw ni yawng hpe

gumhpawn nna shamying ai mying re.

Bai, 1835 ning kaw nna Myen mung ting hpe English

asuya ni up ai shaloi, Jinghpaw masha ni shara law law hta

gumlang wa ai majaw, 1895 ning kaw nna Kachin Hilltribes

Regulation ngu ai up hkang tara galaw nna alak mi di up hkang

sa wa sai.

Dai ten kaw nna, “Kachins” ngu ai mying hpe mung

masa lam hta tara shang amyu mying hku lang hpang sai. Bai,

English ni kaw na shanglawt la na shawng e, 1947 ning June

10 kaw nna Sept. 30 ya laman hpawng ai Myen Mung Mung-

bawng Rap Daw Zuphpawng hta Manmaw hte Myitkyina

Ginwang lahkawng gumhpawn nna, Jinghpaw Mung Daw

(Kachin state) ngu nna masat shagrin da ya sai. Mying dai ni

duhkra naw grin nga ai. KACHINS nga jang, anhte Jinghpaw

Wunpawng amyu lakung yawng lawm ai mying re.

- Karai Kasang gaw: Lamu ga jaw ya ai Madu (Sh.k 24:1;

16:6; Tara J 8:7-10) re.

- 78 -

JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG AMYU SHA NI HKU NNA NGANG KANG NGA LU NA MATU, KANING RE AI LAWNG LAM NI AHKYAK AI KUN?

What makes Kachins being kachins?

Amyu sha langai mi (a nation) ngang kang grin nga na

matu shingteng amying grai ahkyak nga ai lam chyum laika

kaw mu lu ai sakse.

A) Shawng ningpawt e Karai Kasang gaw shi hpan tawn

da ai lata amu ni hpe amying shamying na matu, shi a hkrang

sumla hte, shi a nsam hte bung ai hku hpan tawn da ai shin-

ggyim masha hpe lit jaw nna shamying shangun wu ai. N.N.

2:19-20

Raitim mung, shinggyim masha ni gaw, shawng daw

de ga amyu mi sha shaga nna, shara mi sha jawm de nga na

matu yaw shada ai hte Babela Langchyi ngu ai lamu dep wah-

pang gaw gap hpang wa ma sai. Dai gaw, Karai Kasang a yaw

shada ai lam hte n htan shai ai amu, daw hten ru si wa na amu,

n mai byin ai amu rai nga ai majaw Karai Kasang e sa jahten

shabra kau ya sai. N.N. 11:1-9 CP. N.N 1:28

B) Shing rai, Karai Kasang gaw, shi myit ra ai hku, shi

yaw shada ai bungli galaw na matu, shi a ga hpe madat mara

Kachin philo-quest

- 67 -

hkan sa, hkrit hkungga chye ai laksan masha shaga la nna san

da, hkang da ai hte shaman ya sai. Dai masha wa gaw, moi

shawng de Hkalde mung Ura mare e nga ai Abram ngu ai wa

rai nga ai. shi hpe shaga la nna shaman ya ai ga: “ Ngai nang

hpe amyu kaba shatai na de ai; nang hpe ngai shaman ya de

ai rai nna, na a amying hpe galu kaba shangun ya na we ai;

nang mung chyeju daju tai nga et; nang hpe shaman ya ai wa

hpe ngai shaman ya na we ai; nang hpe dagam ai wa hpe ngai

dagam kau na we ai; na a marang e ga ningtsa na masha amyu

shagu gumring gumrat lu la shajang na mara ai” ngu nna sha-

man ya wu ai. N.N 12:2-31

Shing rai shaga la nna shaman ya ai hpang, Karai

Kasang gaw Abram ngu ai mying hpe “Abraham” ngu ai. Ka-

rai Kasang hpe kam sham ai, tsawra ai, madat mara ai, amyu

lakung law law a kaji daju shatai dat sai. N dai Abraham kaw

nna, amyu lakung (12) hpe gumhpawn da ai Israela amyu byin

tai wa nna dai ni du hkra ngang kang grin nga ma ai.

C) “ Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni” ngu ai mying shingteng

lu wa ai a n pawt.

(1) Matsun maroi (Legend) hku gawn ai shaloi mu

lu sakse ni.

Anhte kanang na re ai lam: Anhte Ji Nat ni hpe naw

- 68 -

hkainu hkai sha nna sa nga sa pra nga ma sai,” nga nna Miwa

Labau sara ni A.D 550 – 1000 ning laman hkan ka ai labau laika

hta rawng nga ai. Bai, “udcd&#wdkif; - ucsifvlrsKd;rsm;aexdkif&m t

&yfa'oukdac:a0:jcif;trnfjzpfonf [lí tr&yl&NrdKUwGif A.D 1189

ckESpfy'Hkrif;vufxuftdrfa&SUpHrif;BuD;ausmufpm wGifa&;xdk;xm;onf/”

mung nga nga ai.

Bai, 1327 ning hta January shata (27) ya shani kaw

nna Feb (8) ya laman American Hkalup Sasana Sara Dr. Eu-

genio Kincaid, D.D ngu ai wa Mandalay kaw nna Manmaw,

Mogaung du hkra Jinghpaw amyu masha ni hpe wa tam sa-

gawn na matu lung wa ai shaloi Mogaung gat kaw shi tam nga

ai Jinghpaw masha langai mi hte hkrum ai. Shi a nsam: Labu

gaw gawt gawt di bu kau, sinda gaw yen yen, nhtu n-gang

hpye kau, baw kaw bunghkaw dingsa hte hkaw ahkyen da ai

wa hpe ga byan wa hte shachyen shaga yu yang, “Ga Hkyeng

wa rai nngai,” nga nna, reng reng, hkat hkat, mat mat, ja ja

nga ai nsen hte htan pru wa ai. Dai hpe Dr. Kincaid gaw shi

a matsing laika buk hta “Ka Khyens” masha ngu nna ka la nu

ai. Amreican Hkalup Sasana Ginjaw de mung, ndai Ka Khyen

amyu ni kaw sasana sa yang awng dang na re ngu nna laika ka

sai. Shi a sasana Journal hta mung shi mu mada ai Ka Hkyen

amyu ni a lam ka bang sai.

Kachin philo-quest

- 77 -

Matsing: Wunpawng ngu ai ga hkum a lachyum gaw: “Myit

hkrum kahkyin gumdin da ai, gumhpawn makai da ai, hpaw

ninghtan da ai hpung: (organization, alliance, Joined or united;

union of persons or families) rai nga ai. Ga shadawn: Mung-

kan Wunpawng Hpung (UNO); Mungkan Hkalup Wunpawng

Hpung, Baptists World Alliance (BWA).

Wunpawng ngu ai ga hkum gaw amyu mying n re;

myit hkrum hpaw ninghtan da ai Wuhpung wuhpawng my-

ing sha she re ai majaw, kadai amyu, hpa baw ni a matu re ai

lam chye na matu, amyu mying lawm ra nga ai. Dai majaw,

Wunpawng sha ni sha nga jang n hkum tsup ai, “Jinghpaw

Wunpawng sha ni” ngu ka ra, tsun ra ga ai. Ndai gaw Karai

Kasang jaw ya ai mying nan rai sai. Hpa majaw nga yang,

Sara kaba Dr. Ola Hanson nan 1890 – 1895 laman gyin shalat

ya ai Jinghpaw laika, 1895-1926 August 11 ya laman gale ngut

nna, 1927, March 27 ya shana 7:00 PM hta ap ya ai chyoi pra

ai Jinghpaw chyum laika hpe shawa ga, shawa laika hku jawm

lang ai amyu sha ni a mying rai nga mali ai.

(e) Kachins ngu ai mying gaw, anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng

sha ni shamying la ai mying n re, masha amyu ni shamying ya

ai mying she re.

“Kachins amyu masha ni gaw, ya nga ai bum ga hkan mam hte

- 76 -

jaw jau nga ai ten hta dumsa jaiwa, nampyaw laka ni tsun ai,

“Anhte gaw ka-ang shingra e pra ai ka-ang la ni rai ga ai” nga

ma ai.

Ka-ang shingra ngu ai gaw Abraham hpe Karai kasang

jaw ai Hkanan mung lawm ai Sinpraw ka-ang daw (Middle

East) hpe ngu ai re. Amyu ru sai, maka kumla ni hpe yu ai

shaloi anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni gaw Abraham

a lakung lama Israela amyu dap (12) hta na Nawku htingnu

kaw bungli galaw na matu san da hkrum ai Lewi dap rai ang

ga ai. Tara J. 10:8-9 A.D 638 ning hta Mohamed a Isalam

Nawku htung maden ai hpyen hpung ni Sinpraw Ka-ang daw

hpe gasat la kau ai shaloi, Yerusalem hte Nawku htingnu lawm

mat wa sai. Dai shaloi, Nawku htingnu kaw bungli galaw ai

Lewi masha ni gaw, Karai kasang a tara ka da ai shanhpyi laika

hpe la hpai nna hprawng yen mat wa ai hkrun lam e kawsi

nna ju sha kau sai lam tsun hkai nga ga ai. Dai shani kaw nna

mungkan hta laika n lu ai amyu, Karai Kasang hpe n chye mat

nna, ji nat ni hpe jaw jau mat wa ai amyu tai mat wa saga ai.

Yaku 1:1; 1pet. 1.2

“Yawng dam mat ma sai; shanhte rau brun mat wa ma

sai, Kadai mung kaja ai amu n galaw ma sai, kaja wa langai mi

muk n nga ai.” Sh.K 14;3;53;3. Rai timung, Karai Kasang gaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 69 -

shinggyim masha hpe hpan da ai shaloi, shi a hkrang sumla,

shi a nsam hte bung ai shinggyim masha hpe hpan nna shi a

wenyi nsoi nsa kawut bang da ya sai majaw, Sh.k 42:1-2;63:1

hta tsun da ai hte maren, anhte a hkritung myit = instinct: kraw

kata e up rawng nga ai dum chye ai myit = subconscious hku

nna Karai Kasang hpe myit dum, marit shagroi gara nga ga

ai.

Dai majaw Sh.K 14: 2; 53: 2 hta “ Zai byeng-ya rawng

ai wa nga ai, n nga ai, Karai Kasang hpe tam ai wa nga ai hku?

mada yu na nga Yehowa lamu de masha kasha ni hpe gum yu

nga ai.” nga ai hte maren, gum yu yang anhte Jinghpaw Wun-

pawng sha ni hpe mu nna hkye la na matu anhte pyi n chye

ai, n mu yu, n na yu ai American sasana sara /Ma Ma ni hpe

shangun dat ya sai.

American sasana Sara/ Ma Ma ni du sa nna Karai Kasang

yaw shada ai amu sa galaw ai lam

A) Eugenio Kincaid ngu ai sara kaba wa Mandalay Nepy-

idaw kaw nna hkali shap na myen la (5) saw woi nna mali hka

lam hku lung wa ai. 1837 ning, January shata (27) ya shani

Manmaw mare de du nna Jinghpaw ni hpe tam sagawn ai;

matut nna hka lam hku lung wa yang Mogaung mare de Feb.

- 70 -

yang gaw, mayam amyu, mat mat ai amyu, tai na myit dai.”

nga nna ap ya sai.

Ya ndai chyum laika hta, “ Karai Kasang a amyu -

God’s nation” nga ai shaman ga hte maren: Sara kaba Hanson

gyin shalat ya ai Jinghpaw laika hpe shawa ga, shawa laika

(Common Language, Common Literature) hku jawm lang ai,

Sara Kaba Hanson anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni

yawng a matu yaw shada nna gale da ai Chyoi pra ai Chyum

laika hpe jawm lang, jawm hti nga ai maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung

Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw n dai amyu ni hpe gumhpawn nna

“Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha” ngu nna lang hpang sai.

Grau nna nawku htung makam masham lam hta

myit hkrum, kahkyin gumdin, n gun rawng, galu kaba wa na

matu,1910 ning hta Manmaw mare e February 18 – 20 ya la-

man galaw ai hpawng hta “Jinghpaw Wunpawng Hkalup

Ninghtan Hpung” ngu nna lang hpang sai.

Dai hpang, 1954 ning Manhkring mare e hpawng ai

Ninghtan Hpung hpawng kaw nna “Jinghpaw Wunpawng

Hkalup Hpung Ginjaw” (JHZ: KBC) ngu nna shamying lang

ai gaw dai ni du hkra rai nga ai. Dai Zuphpawng ten hta Myen

Mung Hkalup Hpung Ginjaw (MBC) hta mungkan hku shang

lawm na matu mung, daw dan sai.

Kachin philo-quest

- 75 -

(6890) a man hta Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hpe sara

kaba Hanson Chyum laika ap ya sai.

Chyum laika ap ya ai hte hkap la ai lamang hpe: Hkap la

na Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni yawng a malai sara ni maga mi

tsap nna, ap ya na matu sara kaba Ola Hanson hte Ma Ma, Sara

Kaba Roberts hte Ma Ma, lawu ga na lung wa ai Myen, Kayin

ni kaw sa ai sasana sara, Ma Ma ni maga mi tsap nhtawm,

Jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni a maga de nna Chyum laika hpyi

ai ga shagawp hku hti nna hpyi ma ai. Dai hpang sara kaba ni

a maga de nna Dr. Ola Hanson gaw Chyum Laika lang da let,

shaman ai ga hte, sadi jaw ai ga tsun ngut jang ap ya ma sai.

Shaman ai ga: “Nahte Jinghpaw masha ni, dai ni ndai

Karai Kasang a chyoi pra ai hte hkrung nga ai mungga chyum

laika hpe hkap la nna, dai hta hkang da ai hte maren hkan sa

asak hkrung nga myit yang gaw, 1petru 2:9-10 hta rawng ai

hte maren, lata la ai amyu, hkawhkam hkinjawng ni, chyoi pra

ai amyu baw hte, Karai Kasang lahku la ang ai masha ni, rai

nga myit dai. Nanhte mung shawng e amyu rai nga myit dai

n rai, ya chyawm gaw Karai Kasang a amyu rai wa manit dai.

Shawng e, chyeju hkam la manit dai n rai, ya chyawm gaw

chyeju hkam la lu manit dai. Rai timung, n dai chyum mungga

hpe n kaw n law rai nna, n madat, n mara n hkan n sa, rai myit

- 74 -

(8) ya shani du, gat hkan hkawm nna Jinghpaw ni hpe san sa-

gawn maram masam la ai hte, American Hkalup hpung ginjaw

de, sasana sa galaw yang myit mada shara nga ai, awng dang

na re ai lam laika ka shana dat sai.

B) Rai timung, shaning (40) ning na ai hpang e she 1878,

Feb. (13) ya shani sara kaba Albert J. Lyon hte Ma Ma Man-

maw mare de du sa ma ai. Rai timung shata mi sha naw sa nga

yang, March shata (15) ya shani Karai kasang kaw wundoi mat

wa ai majaw, Ma Ma shi hkrai sha nyep myi prwi hte Ameri-

can mung de bai wa mat sai.

C) Sara Kaba William Henry Robert hte Ma Ma Manmaw

de 1879 January (12) ya shani du nna Bathein de na lung wa

ai kayin Sara Shwe Lin, Bo Gale, Sipek, Kohte re ai ni lung

wa karum ai hta Jinghpaw masha ni hpe sasana galaw wa sai.

Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hta shawng ningnan

Madu Yesu hpe hkap la, kam sham, hkalup hkam nna

hpung masha tai wa ai marai (7) re. Dai ni gaw: Maran

Bawmung La hte Jan, Maran Ah Yung hte Jan, Nang Zing

Yung hte Jan Lazum Kaw Lum, Gawlu Htang Yawng ni

rai ma ai.

D) Sara kaba Dr. Ola Hanson hte Ma Ma 1890 ning De-

cember (22) ya shani Manmaw mare de du ma ai. Sara kaba

Kachin philo-quest

- 71 -

William Henry Robert hte Kayin sasana sara ni kabu gara shi-

ga n sim n sa hkaw tsun sharin achyin ya ai majaw, Jinghpaw

Wunpawng amyu sha ni hkristan tai ai lani hte lani anhte a buga

hta mau na zawn law htam wa sai. Raitim, makam masham

ngang kang galu kaba wa na matu hkaw tsun sharin achyin ai

lam hta laili laika n lu ai, chyoi pra ai chyum laika mung n lu ai

amyu re ai majaw shawng lam de yu dat yang myit mada shara

nau n nga ai.

Ning re ai manghkang kaba shawng lam de pat taw nga

ai majaw, laika shalat ya nna chyum laika gale ya lu ai sara

grai tin ai hku shangun dat ya na matu sara kaba Roberts gaw

American Hkalup sasana Ginjaw de laika ka dat ai shaloi He-

bre, Greek, German, English, Swedish ga hte laika chye ai Ola

Hanson ngu ai chyaloi nhkoi kaw nna Karai kasang Jinghpaw

Wunpawng amyu sha ni a matu san da ya ai wa hpe shangun

dat ya sai.

Shi du sa ai hte 1890 - 1895 ning laman Roma laika

kanu hpe la nna Jinghpaw laika gyin shalat ya sai. Dai hpe

English Hkawhkam wa san da ai Governor wa hpang de sha-

grin ya na matu tang madun ai shaloi, Governor wa mung

Hkawhkam wa hpe bai shana yang, grai gabu kara myit hkrum

madi shadaw, masat masa galaw ya sai. Dai hta grau ahkyak ai

- 72 -

amu matut galaw na matu mung hkang da, matsun da sai.

Sara kaba Ola Hanson hpe: “Nang gaw, nye a mungdan

kata na karing karang masha chyazai ni hpe laika hte chyum

laika lu ai amyu kaba langai mi shatai dat nit dai.” nga nna (Kai-

za-in-hind) ngu ai Janmau aya hte gumhpraw kumhpa shagrau

ya sai. Governor wa hpe mung, Englican, R.C.M Bishops ni

hpe shaga nna, Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni yawng ndai

laika hpe lang na matu hkang da shangun dat sai.

Dr. Ola Hanson Jinghpaw laika hku Chyoi pra ai Chyum

laika Ga shaka Dingsa hte Ga shaka Ningnan gale ya ai

lam-

Ya sara kaba Ola Hanson gaw shi shalat tawn ai Jingh-

paw Laika hte Chyum Laika hpe 1895 – 1926 ning August

shata (11) ya laman Ga shaka Dingsa hte Ga shaka Ningnan

gale ngut nu ai. Laika gale karum ai Jinghpaw sara ni gaw:

Sara Damau Naw, Sara Lashi Naw, Sara Naw Tawng, Sara

Seng Li, Sara Labya De ni rai ma ai.

Shing rai gale ngut sai majaw, 1927 ning March shata

25-28 ya hta galaw ai Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni kaw sasana

shang ai (50) ning hpring ai Jubali Poi hta March (27) ya sha-

na hkying 7:00 PM ten e zuphpawng sa hpung shawa masha

Kachin philo-quest

- 73 -

K.T.C gaw Wunpawng Sha ni a Salum

K.T.C gaw Wunpawng sha ni a “Salum re…” hpa ma-

jaw nga yang Wunpawng sha ni rawt jat galu kaba wa na matu

gaw sut masa lam, mung masa lam, hpaji lam, arawn alai hte

makam masham lam ndai zawn re ai ahkyak ai lam ni yawng

gaw Chyum laika kaw rawng ai. K.T.C kaw sharin ya ai lam

Karai masa hpaji kaw ndai lam ni yawng rawng ai. Anhte myu

sha ni galu kaba wa na matu gaw anthe myu sha ni ndai lam ni

hta na hprang wa ra ai; ndai lam ni hte su hprang wa na matu

gaw hpung a hpung woi ni woi jasu ra ai. Hpung woi shawng

Chyum laika hpe atsawm sha chye na hkawn hkrang da ra ai,

kung kyang ra ai; Hpung woi ni hpe kung hkyang hkra sharin

jahpat ai gaw ndai K.T.C re.

Myu sha ni lam shagu hta bawngring wa na matu

makam masham gaw ahkyak madung re. Makam masham

(Faith) n nga ai rai yang hpa lam hta mung awng dang lam lu la

na n rai nga ai. Ga shadawn- anhte a myu sha lam rawt malan

ai hkrun lam mung woi awn ai ni lai wa sai ten hta makam

masham hpe saw lasawn re ai a majaw awngdang ai lam n lu

lai wa ai re. Ya daw chyawm gaw myu sha mung masa hta woi

awn nga ai ningbaw ningla ni hta makam masham hpe ning-

shawng jaw chye wa nga ai hpe mu mada ai, kaja ai kum la re.

- 90 -

- Amyu mying shamying ya ai Madu (N.N 32:28) re.

- Madu tai nna up hkang, yu lajang na ahkang aya jaw ai Madu

(N.N 1:28) re.

Dai re ai majaw, anhte gaw masha shadam n re, mayam

n re, ndai anhte nga nga ai lamu ga, mungdaw mungdan sa

lagu, mayun, makoi nga ai ni n re, Karai Kasang e nan masat

dazik dawk nna jaw ya, ap ya sai lamu ga hte Karai Kasang e

nan lata shinggyin da, makai da nna shaman ya ai, “Jinghpaw

Wunpawng Sha Ni” ngu ai amying shingteng lu ai amyu ni rai

ga ai.

Htunghking Lai Len (Custom and Tradition)(A) Ka Manawt (dance)

(i) Manau Nau ai.

Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a htunghking hta

grai ahkyak ai hte lachyum shapraw ai hku ka manawt ai lam

langai mi gaw manau manau ai lam rai nga ai. Shaning sha-

ta hku hkyen lajang shachyip nhtawm, manau poi hpe n law

htum (7) ya (8) ya aten la nna galaw ai hku re. Manau Poi hpe

lu su ai du magam htinggaw langai hkrai hku nna mung, mare

kahtawng buga, mungdaw, Ginwang hku nna mung, dang di

Kachin philo-quest

- 79 -

dang dep ai made hkik hkam ai hku galaw nga ga ai.

Kalang mi Manau Manau jang laning mi hpring ai sha-

loi Naugup bai galaw ginsi shangut hpungdim ra ai. Manau

Poi galaw shut jang, amyu dap ting si htum mat wa chye ai nga

nna Ji wa ni tsun ma ai.

Manau Manau ai shaloi majoi hkrup mara n mai manau

ai, atsawm sha hkrang maka hpe jaw hkra chye woi shapraw

ai, kung kyang ai Nau shawng wa woi manau ra ai. Shi hpe

karum ai Kumdaw ngu ai wa mung Manau a lam grai chye

chyang ai wa rai ra ai. Manau gaw yawm dik hpan (8) nga ai

hpe chye lu ai.

(i) Padang Manau

Hpyen majan gasat ai shaloi awng padang lu ai lam hpe

shadan jahkung arawng shapraw ai manau re.

(ii) Sut manau.

Ja gumhpraw, sutgan, malu masha lu lawm ai, awng

dang ai ten, shaning hta sumtsaw sumtsan de nga ai amyu rusai

jinghku jingyu ni hte gabu kara hkrumzup kanawn mazum na

matu hte buga mare dung shawa garai n hku hkau ai manaw

manang ni hte jinghku matut mahkai shachyen shaga hkat lu

- 80 -

Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni galu kaba

rawt jat wa lam hta Jinghpaw Wunpawng Chyum Hkawlik

(snr) Kachin Theological College a shara kade ram ahkyak ai

lam hpe Chyum Jawng Up Ningnan Dr. Nalaw Dai Hkawng

hte sa hkrum jahta san la lu ai lam hpe lawu de na hte maren lu

matsing la ai made ka jahkrat tawn da ai lam re. Ndai Chyum

Hkawlik gaw anhte Myu sha ni a lapran e Wunpawng Salum

hku nna chye na hkap la da ga ai. Ndai Chyum Hkawlik kaja

wa kade daram anhte Myu sha ni a rawt jat galu kaba sa wa na

lam hta hpadi hpadaw tai ya nga ai ngu ai ningmu hpe mah-

kawng da ai lam rai mali ai.

Kachin Theology College (KTC) a Labau hte Seng ai lam

K.T.C a labau hte seng nna Chyum Jawng a Lungseng

Jubilee masat poi lamang ten galaw shapraw tawn ai labau lai-

ka buk mung nga sai. Bai nna K.T.C a rawt jat galu kaba wa

ai lam labau azin ayang gaw Sara kaba Gum Se hte Sara Kaba

Hkyen Naw ni grau hkum tsup hkra lu hkai dan na re ngu kam

ai.

JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG CHYUM HKAWLIK HTE

MYU SHA NI A GALU KABA WA AI MABYIN

Kachin philo-quest

- 89 -

- 88 -

na matu galaw ai manau re.

(iii) Ju Manau

N hkam n kaja re ai shaloi, asak kaba sai kaji kawoi,

kanu kawa ni si wa ai shaloi nat ni hpe nga ju, wa ju rai nna jaw

jau, wunli la ai manau re.

(iv) Kunran Manau

Kun dinghku kaw na mayaw htinggaw de sai dinghku

langai ngai, lamu ga ningnan hta shara jahkrat, sa nga sa pra,

sa wa na matu labau shang masat masa hku manau ai manau

poi rai nga ai. Shadip jahpang ga (colony) maden sa wa na

manau ngu tim n shut na re.

(v) Shadip Jahpang hpaw Manau

Lamu ga ningnan hpe gasat awng dang la nna, tinang a

kanu kawa nta na Madai Nat hpe garan la nna jaw jau hpang ai

hte dai lamu ga ningnan kaw na n kaja ai sa hti sa wa, nat matse

ni hpe gawt shale, shachyut kau ai Manau mung rai nga ai.

(vi) Hting Htang Manau

(vii) Nau Yin Manau

(viii) Ding Shawn Manau

- 81 -

Ndai Manau ni hpe gaw kalang numrawng bungli hta hkan nna

ra wa ai shaloi sha manau ai manau poi ni rai nga ai.

Matsing: Anhte Nat jaw nga ai prat ni hta manau lai wa sai

manau poi ni hpe jahkring kau nna 1977 ning Nawng Nang

kaw galaw ai anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni kaw

Hkalup Sasana shang ai (100) ning hpring ai Jaw Masat

Poi ten hta Karai Kasang a Chyeju hpe shakawn ai “Chyeju

Shakawn Manau” ngu nna myu mi sha manau saga ngu jawm

myit hkrum daw dan ai hte dai Jaw Masat Poi ten hta manau

hpang saga ai.

Htawngka ka ai: Kabu gara ai lam hte seng ai hpa baw

hpawng shingra hta rai timung, numsha lasha yawng Htawng,

Shupsheng, Bau Mawng dum ai nsen madat nna ka manawt

ai.

Kabung dum ai: Masha langai ngai si nna mang taw nga

ai ten hta; Mang Lup kau ngut sai raitim, shi a wenyi minla hpe

kaji kawoi ni hpang de shabawn ai makoi mayang poi galaw

na matu garai n jin n ngut ai majaw tsu nat hku nta masha ni

shat sha ai ten hta shat jaw nna naw tawn da ai ten hta Bau kaji

kaba hpan masum dum nna nta madin hpe shinggrup let si wa

- 82 -

Nung Rawang ga, Lisu ga, Jinghpaw ga ni hpe shaga nga ga

ai. Rai timung, 1890-1895 laman Karai Kasang shangun dat ai

Dr. Ola Hanson ngu ai American Hkalup Sasana sara kaba wa,

ya tsun nga ai amyu lakung ni yawng a matu rai u ga, nga nna

shalat da ya sai re.

Rev. Dr. Maji La Ja

Kachin philo-quest

- 87 -

hku re. Ga shadawn: Htu Ren ngu ai gaw yi na mam myin wa

ai ten hta u gawn machya kaw nna dum ai rai nga ai. Pyi Run,

Pyi Htawt zawn re ai hpe gaw nta dawdap kaw shana hkring sa

ten garai n yup yang, dum shapyaw ma ai.

(vi) Lata hkrang sama

Nu Num ni a ri da maka gaw grai madang tsaw ai lata hkrang

pan hpaji rai nna ya ten hta kaga amyu masha ni graph laika hta

ka bang nna lagu la kau mat wa ai ten du ra ai. Anhte Jinghpaw

Wunpawng amyu shayi ni gaw, ri da maka mung n sharawng

mat, sharin ya na masha mung n nga mat, rai nna shamat kau

mat wa nga ai, Grau nna anhte Jinghapw Wunpawng kawa la ni

mung, shingnoi htingga, chyahtai, hkuwawn, sumpu sumhtang

hte kaga kaja ai lata hkrang sama hpaji n chye mat wa ai she

law mat wa nga saga ai.

Aga (Language)

Tsun shaga ai aga hte seng nna dai ni anhte Jinghpaw Wun-

pawng amyu sha ni hta mala la yak ai lam n nga sai. Hpa

majaw nga yang anhte Jinghawp Wunpawng amyu sha ni

(ucsifvlrsKd;/ kachins) ngu ai amyu lakung kaba ( rsKd;EG,fpk / Eth-

nic Group) a kata hta shaga ai aga n bung ai amyu lakung ni

tinang amyu ga rai nga ai Lhaovo ga, Lachid ga, Zaiwa ga,

- 86 -

ai wa a prat ladaw hta galaw ai lam ni hpe hkrang shala ai hku

ka manawt let yu ngwi nsen mung shapraw rai ma ai.

Makoi mayang poi galaw na n jin n ngut, naw na na tai jang,

tsu dumsa wa hpe shaga nna, tsu shayup kau ai lam galaw ai.

Dai ten kaw nna shat mung n jaw ra sai. Ya nai mam lu ai shan-

ing makoi mayang poi galaw na bat lapran, dumsa wa hpe tsu

bai jasu shangun nna poi hpe hpawt ni galaw na rai yang, dai

na kabung dum ai lam shangut ra ai.

Ndaw kahkrang ai lam: Si mat ai wa a wenyi minla (Tsu)

hpe shabawn ai makoi mayang poi galaw nga ai ten hta, shana

gaw Kabung dum, jahpawt gaw ndaw yang e jun tawn karoi

hpe shinggrup nna ndaw kahkrang ai ngu ai ka manawt myu

mi hpe Chying Bau dum nna galaw ma ai.

(B) Bu Hpun Sumraw (costume and dress)

Moi prat, kawng jinghkang, bum lang hkaraw nhkap nam mal-

ing mala kata hkan naw nga ai ten hta, yi hkan hkai ai pasi ni

hpe kanu ni lanyet hta tum ni hpe rin male kau nna ri ri mai

hkra pasi hpe gap lajang nhtawm gabang hte, gawng hte ri ri

la ngut jang, Maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 83 -

hking bu hpun palang ni hpe maka, nsam, jashai nna tinang a

dum nta kaw kanu ni da ai hpe bu hpun lai wa saga ai.

Ya layang ga, Myo mare kahtawng kaba de htawt hkrat

wa ai kaw nna, kaga amyu ni zawn bu hpun sumraw mat wa sai

hku re. Ya tsaban (21) de du shang wa ai shaloi, ndai mungkan

gaw kahtawng ningchyawng tai mat sai majaw, yawng bung

ai hku bu hpun shajang mat wa nga saga ai. Tinang a amyu

htunghking bu hpun palang hpe gaw ahkyak ai htunghking poi

shingra hkan sha shaw hpun ai hku rai wa sai.

(C) Shingni (Art)

(i) Kaiji byu ai.

Law malawng dum nta htingnu htingsang dingshawn shang ai

shaloi, madum sumpyi, yu ngwi mahku shapraw let shingwang

kawan nna mahkawn shakawn ai lam rai nga ai.

(ii) Nchyin, Nchyun

Nkau mi gaw ndai hpe Nchyun, bai nkau mi gaw Majan ngu ma

ai. Yi shari hkan, nam maling mala, bum lang marawn zawn re

ai grup yin shingra hkan du hkawm ai ten hta, myit masin hta

kabu ai, pyaw ai lam ni hkam sha katu pru wa ai hta hkan nna

tsan tsan kaw nna pyi na lu hkra shapraw dat ai yungwi nsen

myu mi rai nga ai.

(iii) Dumsa

- 84 -

Dumsa ai ngu ai gaw, nat wa na ra hkra grai madang tsaw ai ga

si, ga ngau hte nat wa hpe shakawn shagrau, hpyi lajin ai lam

nta madu ni a malai tsun shana ya ai lam re. Bai dumsa wa nan

nat bai tai nna jaw ya ai, daw jau ai hkungga hpe hkap la ya sai

hte, hpyi ai hte maren jaw ya sai lam bai tsun matan shaman

ya ai ningtam ga rai nga ai. Ndai dumsa ai ngu ai gaw hkrup

mara masha majoi mi shang tsun shaga ai baw n re; laksan

kung kyang ai wa alak mi galaw ai baw (professional work)

myu mi rai nga ai.

(iv) Shayaw goi goi ai

Lahta de na Nchyin, Nchyun, Majan hte bung ai. Grau nna

anhte a rudi ruhpang hka hku numraw ga de nga ai hpu shawng

hpu ba, wa la ni, nam mali mala hkan hkawm ai shaloi, yi sa

yi wa re ai lam hkan, tinang nga ai mare hte ni nawn ai mare

kahtawng hkungran poi sa nna wa ai hkrun lam hkan marit

maroi n chye tsun ai zawn nga nna myit hta hkam sha let nsen

shapraw tsun shangawn ai lam rai nga ai.

(v) Madum sumpyi

Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a madum sumpyi ni gaw:

Pyi Run, Yi Htawt, Pyi Hpai, Larung Sumhkran, Dumbu ba

ja, Brass Band, Organ, Piano, Kye Board, Guitar, Htu ren, re

ai ni rai nga ai. Langai hte langai shi a shara hte shara dum ai

Kachin philo-quest

- 85 -

mada ai. Ndai kaw Gala mung na jawng ma ni nga ai shanhte

hte shaga yu ai shaloi machye machyang maga de gaw sasana

hpang hkrat ai majaw hpang hkrat nga ai ngu hpe wa mu lu ai.

Sara Kaba Ja Gun ni labau sawk shagawn ai hta, Miwa Hkran

kaw na Gam Tawng ni tsun ai hta moi gaw anhte mung Hkaw

Hkam tai yu sai nga tim Hkaw Hkam amyu rai sai kaw na gaw

machye machyang hte civilize byin ai lam hta anhte gaw auto-

matically (Du nga jang gaw darat daroi zawn n rai na sai) rai

taw nga sai ngu mu mada ai. Shanhte tsun ai gaw hkan sat ai

majaw lapran kaw di mat ai nga ai.

Ndai zawn re ai lam hpe gaw jinghpaw hpe yu kaji ai

ni man hta tsun yang hkrak ai. Jinghpaw lashing kata kaw gaw

anhte hkik ai lam nau tsun nna lam shagu hta n byin ai maga

law wa nga ai. Ga shadawn: Shwegu Sara Tawng La, magam

amyu, Du amyu nga galoi mung tsun ai, Shwegu kaw gaw Ga

hte Di Bu galaw Ja Gumhpraw tam ai shara re, “anhte jingh-

paw ni Ga hte shat n sha ai” nga nna ya dai ni jinghpaw nta

chyen mi gaw Plastic hte galup nna nga ra ai. Hpunau Myen

ni Ga Di Bu galaw ai ni yawng hkik hkam ai wut dek nta,

mawdaw ni hte nga pra lu ma ai.

Dai shara de Jawng kaw Hkrismas galaw yang pyi

Myen ni gumhpraw bang na sha she lu galaw ai, alu n lu ai

- 102 -

Chyum jawng lung kam ai masha mung shawng de nau n nga

lai wa sai; 1988 manghkang asuya jawng pat kau ai hpang she

Chyum jawng kaw jawng ma loi law wa ai.

K.T.C hpe hpaw hpang ai kaw nna dai ni (75) ning

hpring lungseng Jubilee ladu hkrum lai sai (100) ning Jaw de

lahkam sa wa nga sai, rawt jat ai lam law law hkam la lu sai,

raitim masha amyu ni na rawt jat ai madang hte shingdaw yang

ndai K.T.C gaw ndai hta jan nna rawt jat ra sai re. Dakkasu

madang rai taw ra sai re. Raitim ra rawng ai lam amyu myu

a majaw n mai byin shi nga ai, Ga shadawn- anhte a physi-

cal development ra ai (building ni), Faculty development ni,

jawng kaw jai lang na laika buk ni amyu myu rai nga ai. Dai

hta masha shalat ai lam hta mung gawng kyang nga ga ai. Lai

wa sai shawng de anhte a masha kaba ni masha shalat ai

hta gawng kya ai, tinang hte ni htep ai ni hpe shalat ai lai

ni loi nga lai wa sai. Hpunau Hkang amyu ni gaw marai

langai maigan de lu du mat yang langai hpe bai lu woi la

ma ai, shada da pawn ba ai lam karum hkat ai lam grai nga

ma ai.

Anhte a Kanu/wa Sara kaba ni K.T.C lu wa hkra shakut

ai hte anhte ga hte anhte Chyum jawng hpaw na hku shakut

shaja nna lu wa ai raitim dai ni du hkra B.Th madang du hkra

Kachin philo-quest

- 91 -

pyi anhte Jinghpaw hku n lu sharin nga ai. L.Th hpe pyi naw

gaw sara kaba maran Zau Yaw zawn re ai ni langai lahkawng

ga gale da ai laika buk hte myen hku ka da ai laika buk ni lang

nna she sharin ra nga ga ai. B.Th hte M.Div madang ni hpe

gaw English hku she sharin nga ga ai. Du na ten 1012 ning

hta “Main building” gaw gap ngut a hpang 2015 ning kaw nna

gaw “Doctoral Program” ni hpe hpaw wa lu hkra shakut nga

ai re.

Library gaw M.I.T a hpang lawu hprut, K.T.C a library

gaw myen mung kaw number lahkawng kaba dik rai sai. ASE-

AN mungdan na Chyum Jawng ni hta na “on campus” jawng

ma law dik mung ndai K.T.C re. Mungkan Library ni hte matut

mahkai lu ai madang de du na matu masa lam amyu myu grai

naw ra ai, mung masa lam, infrastructural development, hte

faculty development zawn re ai lam ni ra ai. Anhte a myu sha

ni mung ndai library kaw sa hti sa hkaja hpaji sawk ai hpe n

mu ai, jawng ma ni hta lai nna kadai n mu ai. Dai hpe yu yang

Laika hti mayu ai myit hte hti ai akyang n rawng shi ai ngu lu

tsun ai, Buga hkan mung dai hte maren re, library ni lu shajang

ma ai raitim laika n hti ai. Ga shadaw- Chyum jawng kaw na

shapraw ai magazine laning mi kalang shapraw ai raitim n kam

mari ai, n kau mi gaw alu re nga nna la tawn raitim n hti ai

- 92 -

gaw anhte a labau hpe mahta nna makam masham ningmu hku

nna re.

Kala mung kaw na Jinghpaw salang langai mi anhte

kaw laika ka wa ai, shanhte hpe shingdaw yu yang anhte hku

nna gaw makam masham masa hku nga pra jau ai ngu mai

sawn la sai, sasana jawng ni a majaw wenyi, hkumhkrang mah-

kra sasana galaw ai. Dai hpe anhte KBC gaw “Hkum Dingnum

Bawngring Masa” ngu ai mahkra hta rawt jat galu kaba wa

ga ngu ai hpe moi sasana sara ni nan dai hku hpang da ya sai.

Hkai lu hkai sha, rem lu rem sha, laika jawng mahkra galaw da

ya ai hpe dai ni hkringhtawng dagraw ai re.

Miwa de bai yu ga nga jang shanhte gaw physical ma-

terial maga hku chyawm anhte hta grau galu kaba ai re; raitim

ngai yu yang attitude (myit jasat ai) standard gaw anhte ni ram

shanhte civilized n byin ai hpe mu mada ai. Lang ai arung arai

ni chyawm gaw tsun shara n nga ai. Rai timung attitude (myit

jasat ai) gaw internal rai n rai shi ai, Mare Kaba hkan nga ai

ni hpe yu yang mung dai hku sha mu mada ai. Sasana shang

ai ngu ai gaw anhte ni hpe myi jahpaw ya ai, civilize byin

shangun ai hpe mu mada ai.

Kala kaw na hpe yu yang miwa de na zawn sha ar-

ung arai jai lang ai lam ni gaw grai rawt galu kaba ai lam mu

Kachin philo-quest

- 101 -

Ga shadawn - hpung garan wa ai lam ni, nta langai kaw hpung

n bung jang Kanu Kawa, kashu kasha ni pyi n htuk mat wa

nga ai. Shingdaw lu ai lam langai gaw Canada mung kaw ngai

jawng lung ai shaloi Kawa yan gaw nawku jawng langai kaw

sa ai. Kasha Ma Gam gaw hpungtau re (Bible Baptist Church)

ngu ai kaw sa ai. Kasha Ma Gam a kasha yang gaw (village

Church) ngu ai kaw sa ai, dai kaw manuk mana emotion nga

ai yawng gaw kaga ga she sa tim nta du jang hpa manghkang

n nga ai, “nanhte nawku jawng gaw dai hku rai nna, na hpung

gaw htawra hku re” nga dangrang hkat na lam hpa n nga ai.

Laban shani nawku wa lawm ai dai sha re, ngai dai mu nna

masha ni a myit hta civilize byin ai ngu ai gaw dai she rai nga

ai ngu mu mada ai.

Dai hpe yu yang anhte gaw civilized n byin shi ai ngu

mu mada ai, myit jasat ai lam n dam lada ai hpe mu mada ai.

Dai zawn re fact ni grai nga ai, dai ni re ngu mu lu ai. Sara Kaba

Robert ni du ai shaloi Ma Ma a mabyin ni, bai laika mung n lu,

Sara Kaba Robert ni loi loi hpang da ai nga tim ya anhte lang

ai laika gaw Sara Kaba Hanson galaw da ya ai rai nga ai. Sara

Kaba Hanson ap nawng nna galaw da ai ndai laika hpe sha

lang taw nga ai re. Anhte gaw lama Hkristu a ninghtoi n lu

ai rai yang dai ni ndai madang ram nga na n shadu ai. Dai

- 100 -

makoi da ai shing n rai ayai tawn ai.

Anhte a Wunpawng salum K.T.C ngang kang galu kaba

wa na matu gaw anhte Wunpawng sha ni yawng a lit re. Alu

atan hku nna, myit marai hku nna, hpaji jaw ai masa hku nna

shang lawm ra ai. Htam Shi alu law law chye bang ra sai re.

K.T.C a Shawng Lam

Htawm hpang de ndai K.T.C hpe Dakkasu madang

byin tai wa ai shaloi Theology sha n re kaga Faculty ni hpe

hpaw jat nna kaga “Libral Arts Subject” ni hpe mung sharin

shalawm wa na re. Ga shadawn- dai a matu ya aten kaw na

Music, Computer hte English zawn re ai subject ni hpe sharin

hpang na matu hkyen nga sai. Dai madang de du wa jang gaw

Theology sha n ga kadai mung myit lawm ai subject ni hpe sa

mai sharin hkam la sana re.

Theology mung kadai raitim, gara hpung makam

masham na raitim sa lu hkaja mai wa na re. Ya gaw Buga

hpung kaw nna madi shadaw hte Chyum jawng kaw mying

hkap la ai. Hpang de kadai raitim Buga hpung a madi shadaw

ai n raitim sa hkaja mai na re. Raitim KBC a makam kridung

(Theological trend) hpe chye na (snr) hkap la lu ai ni sha rai ra

na re. Hpa majaw nga yang dai hpe n chye na ai rai yang Theo-

Kachin philo-quest

- 93 -

logical confl ict sa byin chye ai. Hkum dingnun bawngring lam

(Holistic Development) ngu ai K.B.C a hkam la ai lam kata

kaw hpaw sa wa magang na ndai subject ni (music, computer,

liberal arts) hpe ndai K.T.C jawng kaw kadai rai tim sa mai

hkaja la mai wa na re.

KTC Dakkasu madang Byin wa lu na Ninggam

KTC Dakkasu madang byin wa na matu anhte hpung

masha ni ahkyak ai zawn Ginwang shagu hte mai byin na buga

shagu hkan mung mungdan Asuya kaw nna hpaji lam hte seng

nna ahkawng ahkang jaw wa ai shani gaw yawm dik Tsang

(10) madang jawng, moi na zawn re ai sasana jawng kaba ni

hpe hpaw shabawn sa wa na matu myit shajin da ra ai; Chyum

jawng gaw ndai KTC, Kutkai KTC hte Waimaw Chyum Jawng

ni ram sai ngu mu mada ai. Secular jawng ni hpe lu hpaw hkra

shakut ra ai. Dai kaw na myit lawm ai ni sa lu lung wa na re.

Dai hku nna jawng tsang (10) madang kaw nna Dakkasu mad-

ang (KTC) de lahkam sa wa na matu ninggam ni shachyaw la

ra ai. Hkin Lum masing mung dai madang de shanang sa wa lu

na matu lahkyen laren re ai masa hpe madi shadaw ya ai lam

re.

- 94 -

Hkristan Makam hpe anhte Wunpawng Sha ni hkapla

kamsham ai kaw na Amyu langai hku tai wa nna lani hte

lani rawt galu kaba wa ai lam:-

Sasana Sara ni ka da ai - Sara Kaba Robert Manmaw

kaw du ai shaloi na jinghpaw ni a mabyin masa wa jinghpaw ni

hpe mu yang kajawng malap mat ai da. Sanghpaw Captain wa

hpe, “n dai gaw ya kadai ni ta?”ngu san yang, “nanhte sasana

sa na Jinghpaw ngu ai ni re” ngu htan ai da. Anhte a nga sat

nga sa madang gaw dai ram rai taw nga ai ngu ai hpe langai

hku na gaw sakse rai nga ai. Sara Hkyen Naw galoi mung tsun

ai shanhte tsang (4, 5) du hkra bu dawt (Labu kasha) galoi n bu

ai da, 1950 dai daw ten ang na rai nga ai.

Anhte a labau hta mung (KBC) labau shang nnan na

jinghpaw ni kaw na B.Sc lu ai wa gaw Du Kaba Hkun Naw

re, 1952 ning hkan rai na re shi shawng re ngu tsun mai ai.

Anhte a chye chyang ai lam ni anhte a nga pra madang ni dai

ten sasana sa ai ten na hpe yu yang mat wa hkyen nga ai ngu

ai madi madun lu ai re. Ya Miwa hkan na sawk sagawn da ai

hta moi gaw anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni Hkaw Hkam

re nga ai, dai gaw labau hku nna mi nga tim, n dai daw hpe

yu ai shaloi dai ni du hkra anhte a myit jasat ni gaw civilize n

byin shi ai. Anhte a myit jasat ni dam lada ai lam n nga shi ai.

Kachin philo-quest

- 99 -

she re. Kayin ni hte (snr) Mon ni hte kayau ai kun, ya dai

ni jrefrmEdkifiHESpfjcif; c&pf,meftoif;csKyf (MBC) kaw pyi ning-

baw gaw sara Zau Mai, amu madu gaw Po Kayin kaw na re,

myen nan n nga ai. Myen gaw (MBC) kaw nga sai kaw nna

gaw lawu ga garan na manghkang byin ai. Moi na sasana

sara ni gaw ningmu nga ai majaw hkrak zeng re ai hku sha

gawkap da ma ai. Lawu ga na building ni gaw shanhte myen

ni yawng la da ai.

Ya hpang daw hpung byin wa ai shaloi gaw sasana

mung n galaw, nga ai ni mung si ma wa, Anglican hpung ni

mung dai zawn sha re, jat wa ai lam n nga ai. Shangai na jat wa

ai kachyi kachyaw sha nga ai raitim shanhte madu da lu ai lam

gaw grai law ai, Yangon hkan mung Bogyok Gat makau hkan

na Church ni, Tsi Dakkasu Jawng (1) makau hkan na mung

shanhte a shara ni re, Kyi Min Daing ninghtawn, moi na Hpy-

en Lup Wa makau hkan na ni, mi di na hpang (pGefYtem;rMum;)

ginra ni yawng Anglican ni na sha re. Dai ni yawng hpe Asuya

ni zing la kau ya ai. Asuya n zing ai nta ni pyi shanhte loi

loi dut sha ai. May Myo (Pin Oo Lwin) kaw na jinghpaw ni

nawku ai Mahte Nawku jawng pyi Anglican kaw na mari la ai

re. Anglican ni sasana n galaw ai.

- 98 -

KTC hpe Nawng Nang de Htawt sit la ai Lam

Ndai K.T.C hpe Nam Hkam-Kutkai de na Nawng Nang

de htawt sit la ai lachyum gaw mung masa sat lawat hpe yu nna

n re sha htawm hpang de anhte myu sha ni law ai ka-ang shara

tai wa lu ai Myitkyina de anhte hpu shawng hpu ba Sara kaba

ni woi htawt la ai lam re. Ya nga ai Kutkai K.T.C mung 2008

ning K.T.C a (75) ning hpring lung seng Jubilee kaw nna tara

shang htum bren shapraw ya sai re. De shawng de gaw ndai

K.T.C a kata na Chyum Jawng hku yu reng lai wa sai raitim ya

gaw ndai Nawng Nang K.T.C kaw na n yu sai re.

Rev. Dr. Dai Hkawng (Jawng Up)

KTC/Nawng Nang

Kachin philo-quest

- 95 -

Dr. Hkalam Sam SonDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr....................... HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaalllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

- 96 -

Munghpawm Myanmar Mungdan de Maigan Hkalup

Hpung Sasana Shang wa ai ten hte de shawng na masa:-

Anhte Hkalup hpung labau kaw gaw kaga mi Sasana

shang ai labau n nga ai Sara kaba Yudathan(Judson) sasana

shang wa ai kaw na labau gaw nga ai; de a shawng daw kaw gaw

Dutch amyu ni Roman Catholic sasana gaw sa sai re. Shanhte

Sasana sa galaw tim n awng dang ai. Raitim awng dang ai ngu

mung mai tsun ai hpa majaw nga yang Hkaw Hkam na jinghku

jingyu ni pyi Hkristan tai nna amyawk, laknak ni manu mana

shagreng, hpaji sharin wa rai jang Hkaw Hkam ni n lu hkang

wa ai, shanhte a manawn masham myit ni a majaw shakrip

kabai kau ai hpe matsing da ai.

Myen gaw dai majaw Hkristan kaw pyi naw, ya Myen

Mung Hkalup Hpung nga tim myen gaw sasana ningbaw ning-

la n nga ai ngu mai tsun ai. Myen Hkristan kaw law malawng

gaw Ethnic ni re, moi na (OD;brif hte OD;rif;v)ni chyawm gaw

myen jet ai ngu mai tsun ai, ngam ai ni gaw yawng (half black)

WUNPAWNG SHA NI HKRISTAN MAKAM HPE

HKAPLA KAMSHAM AI HPANG GALU KABA

RAWTJAT WA AI LAM HTE AMYU LANGAI HKU

TSAP WA LU AI MASA

- 97 -

re, NGO hpe sha focus galaw jang hpung masha ni pyi bra wa

ai, Manmaw ni Micro Credit Union galaw ai hta tara mahkrun

hku nga yang, nta ni zing ra wa sai, Karai Kasang a man hku

yu yang gaw n tara taw nga sai KBC, Church a Covenent hku

yu yang gaw n jaw wa sai. Dai majaw kabu gara shiga dai

lawm ra ai hku re.

Dai majaw KBC a bawngring project galaw ai ni gaw

grai sadi ra ai, ndai project ni gaw KBC a mying hte galaw

ai re, dai majaw wenyi maga de n lawm yang gaw n mai ai.

Mungkan ga na lam lu na, sha na ni hpe gaw kadai mung tang

du hkra n lu jaw ai, bawngring magam gaw lakung lakap sha re

madung gaw hkaw tsun ai lam hpe galaw ra ai. Karai Kasang

a tsawra myit hte sha n rai yang NGO ngu ai mung kan bau

bungli sha re. NGO hkan galaw ai nkau ni gaw kan bau bun-

gli masa hku hkam la wa ai rai nna tsawra myit n nga ai, myit

machyi ai, hkra ai lam n nga ai, shata shabrai law law lu nna

galaw sha ai ni grai nga ai.

Wunpawng Amyu sha ni rau sha maren mara

Galu Kaba wa na lam

Mung masa, Sut masa hte makam masham ni yawng

hkra rau sha galu kaba wa na matu gaw anhte yawng myit

- 114 -

majaw re. Magam amyu re, Du amyu re kachyi kajaw sha gaw

n-galaw ai anhte gaw shangun sha na ngu ai myit jasat a majaw

Workshop hkan shang galaw n ra ai ngu ai myit jasat gaw tsaw

mat nna foundation n ngang mat ai.

Myen lashing hkan jinghpaw hpe n chye ai shara kaw

gaw jinghpaw ngu ai gaw hkrit hpa re byin ai lam tsun ra ai,

raitim anhte kata kaw gaw shakut na lam tsun ra ai. America

kaw mi na nga ai masha ni gaw Red Indian (nat jaw) ni re,

anhte hte bung ai, ngai shanhte a masha si ai shara mi kaw

sa yu ai shaloi shanhte ngoi ai nsen, gayaw ai nsen ni anhte

hte raw re. Kara ni, hkum shan a hpyi ni anhte hte raw sha re,

masha si yang ngoi ai nsen ni anhte Kabung dum ai shaloi na

nsen zawn nga ai.

Sasana hkap la ai ni yawng gaw galu kaba ma masai,

raitim sasana hpe n hkap la ai Red Indian ni gaw htum wa

maga de rai nga ai. Ndai ni hpe n htum mat u ga Jau man ni

re majaw nga nna Canada hkan atsawm hkang zing da ai lam

galaw ai. Red Indian ni nga ai shara hkan Mawdaw gawt yang

speed hpe shayawm ya ai, hpa majaw nga yang Red Indian

ni tsa nang nna Mawdaw lam ka-ang de kagat shang hkawm

wa ai, dai majaw Mawdaw adawt sat sat ai lam grai byin ai.

Manghkang byin na tsang nna gau ngwi gawt ra ai. Red Indian

Kachin philo-quest

- 103 -

ni gaw Tsa ya tai mat ma ai, Tsi Jahkraw ya tai mat nna tinang

hkum sat si ai law dik re. Dai hpe yu yang sasana hpang shang

wa ai ni gaw grai rawt galu kaba nna mi na ji woi ji wa ni a

makam Nat hpe manoi kam sham ai Red Indian ni ya dai ni ten

law wa jat wa ai lam de n re sha, yawm wa hkrat sum wa ai de

rai mat ai. Shanhte hpe du sat htawng kaw Madun gawk a matu

hkang zing da ai madang sha rai mat sai.

Dai ni anhte Myen mung kaw na jinghpaw wunpawng

ni gaw sasana shawng shang ai majaw arung arai hta lu su

ai lam n nga tim makam masham machye machyang lam hte

myit jasat ai lam ni gaw masha wuhpawng kata shang lu ai.

Rai timung Miwa, Kala hkan na ni gaw sasana shang ai hpang

hkrat ai ninghtoi n lu ai majaw naw shakut ra nga ai hpe mu

mada ai.

Kaja nga yang anhte ninghtoi lu la ai Yesu Hkristu hpe

hkap la kam sham ai majaw galu kaba wa ai chye chyang wa

ai dai hta grau hkum tsup mat ai gaw anhte a amyu ga hte nan

laika hpe lu la ai. Anhte aten hte shingdaw yu yang rawt jat ai

lam gau ngwi nga ai gaw anhte a makam masham lam hku yu

yang Hkristan tai ai hta gawng kya ai mung lawm ai. Chyum

Laika ga gale da ai law law nga ai hta Jinghpaw chyum laika

gaw Sara Kaba Hanson Original Hebrew hte Greek ga kaw

- 104 -

project law law galaw ai, NGOs law law hte ta gindun nna

galaw ai gumhpraw mung grai jai ai. Hpung ngu ai gaw We-

nyi lam n lawm yang gaw NGO sha re, anhte dai ni NGO

nga yang pyi kaga ram n lu galaw ai, KBC Bawngring dap kaw

shang ai gumhpraw gaw kachyi kachyaw sha rai nga ai. Bawn-

gring lam nau law mat nna wenyi lam n lawm yang gaw NGO

sha re. KBC gaw hkum dingnum hku nna hkai lu hkai sha, rem

lu rem sha ni bang ai lam gaw dai hku nna kabu gara shiga

hkaw tsun na matu re, ga shadawn: Bai Nam Project galaw ai

majaw dai mare na ni sut su nga mai wa nna Karai kasang hpe

grau kam sham let nawku daw jau, alu sak nawng chye wa na

matu re. Raitim ya dai hku n byin nga ai, NGO zawn rai taw

nga ai, dai majaw tsang gaw tsang hpa re. Ya Laika sasana

gabu kara shiga galaw ai nga timung gabu kara shiga hkaw

tsun sakse hkam nna sape shatai ai bungli re, ndai laika sasana

gaw project gumhpraw hte galaw ai NGO bungli rai mat sai.

Laika sasana awng dang na de myit n shang sha mat sai, jah-

pan gara hku tang na hpe sha myit machyu jung ra mat ai. KBC

gaw hkum dingnum ngu ai hpe hkap la ai social hku nna physi-

cal growth nga ra ai raitim Gospel good news ngu ai hkaw tsun

ai lam n lawm yang gaw tsang hpa re. Dai majaw KBC hpe

masha ni hkye hkrang la ra nga ai nga nna sasana shang wa ai

Kachin philo-quest

- 113 -

mung re.

Machye machyang shachye shachyang ai maga, hkaw

tsun ai lam hta gawng kya ai majaw mung hpung masha ni hta

ningra wa ai lam nga ai ngu mung n shut ai. Hpa majaw nga

yang dai ni woi awn nga ai, decision maker ni yawng gaw hpa-

ji lam hta machye machyang n-grung ai, tsang 7, tsang 8 awng

nna Diploma lu nna woi awn nga ai ni law ai; dai ni gaw asak

60-65 pang ni re. Ndai ni gaw law malawng hpung kaw ahkaw

ahkang nga ai ni re. Sara ni B.Th, M.Div awng nna buga de wa

yang buga na ni hte n htuk ai lam nga ai, woi awn ai daw hta

machye machyang lam shai mat nga ai. Ya na hpung masha ni

gaw tsang 10, jan mau lu ai ni mung law wa, tinang gaw tsang

5, tsang 6 ram hte sha woi awn taw ai re majaw confi dence

yawm wa ai. Hkaw tsun ai lam ni hta mung tang n du mat wa

ai, hpung masha ni mung grai chye chyang wa sai majaw ndai

gaw madang tsaw ai nem ai gara hku rai nga ai hpe chye gin-

hka la wa sai.

Dai ni na NGO hte Shinggyin Nauna magam bungli galaw

ai Wuhpung Wuphpawng ni law wa ai a marang e KBC a

tsap ai lam gara masa hku rai na?

KBC gaw hkum dingnum re majaw bawngring ai lam

- 112 -

nna gale da ai re majaw kaga hta grau hkum tsup ai, grai hkrak

ai lam maigan sara kaba ni tsun ai. Ni dik ai hku nna lachyum

hpe lu la ai re. Raitim anhte jinghpaw wunhpawng amyu sha

ni gaw Chyum Laika lu tim n hti ai she law ai. Jinghpaw laika

hpe jai lang ai gaw KBC hte KIO sha re, kaga Roman Catholic

ni Anglican ni gaw malawng Myen hku lang ai. Shanhte gaw

Myu baw sang hkum ai law ai, anhte KBC gaw jinghpaw laika

madung jai lang nga ai. Anhte laika lu ai nga tim anhte hta hti

hkaja ai lam n galaw ai, bai anhte a life style gaw Hkristan nga

timung Hkristan hku asak n hkrung taw nga ai. Ndai ni gaw

anhte hpe htingnut shangung ai lam ni re.

Hkristan Makam lu la ai jaw kahtap wa ai ten anhte

Wunpawng myusha ni a machye machyang galu kaba wa

ai masa:-

Anhte a madang ndai hte ram sha gaw n myit dik lu ai,

kaja nan anhte ni ndai hta grau pyi advance byin ra sai re. Dai

ni anhte Hkristan tai ai (100) ning 1877 ning kaw nna rai yang

(150) ning pyi ni wa sai, ndai hpe yu ai shaloi anhte gaw galu

kaba ai lam hta myit n dik hpa re. Anhte a mung masa mung

law law lawm na re, Jinghpaw ni ningtawn ai ni mung grai nga

lai wa sai, raitim mung shadawn ai daram n byin wa ai. Bai

Kachin philo-quest

- 105 -

anhte a social affair mung law law nga ai dai ni a majaw mung

rai na re, anhte a rawt galu kaba ai lam hpe gau ngwi shangun

ai mung rawt malan a majaw mung rai na re, grai rawt jat wa

na ramma ten hpaji grai mai hkaja la mai ai ten hta n lu sharin

la lu ai lam ni grai law mat ai. Ya dai ni pyaw wa ai ten hta

gaw nau pyaw nna kun, mung masa a majaw mung ramma ni

asak kaji dinghku de, nang hpam lu sha hte hten za mat ai law

ai majaw shawng lam a matu myit mada shara hte galu kaba ai

lam hta yawm wa ai.

Madung gaw Jinghpaw hku ka da ai chyum laika hpe

lu nga ninglen atsawm sha akri akrai n hkaja ai, dai hte asak

n hkrung ai, dai ni gaw anhte hpe htingnut shangun ai lam

langai re ngu hpung magam gun langai hku nna mu lu ai lam

re. Chyum Laika kaw nan mung “nye ga madat nna hkan nang

hkan sa ai wa gaw lung rawk n tsa hta nta shachyaw rawng

ai hpaji chye ai wa hte bung nga ai.” Hpaji chye ai nang nan

gaw Yehowa hpe hkrit hkungga ai lam chyum laika kaw rawng

nga ai. Ndai hpe n hkan ai majaw anhte chye ging ai ram n

chye ai, hpaji chye wa tim makam masham n nga jang mung

hten za mat (Ka-ni ya tai ma) ai. Makam masham n nga mying

kaba wa jang mung kade n na mying bai hkrat sum mat ai, ga

shadawn: Yu ngwi shayi/shadang n kau ni, Asuya kaw mung

- 106 -

tai wa na re. Dai kaw Libral Art bang nna History hte Social

Science ni bang wa na re, B.A in Theology mung jaw ai hku

galaw wa na re. Anhte a matu tsang ra ai lam gaw Chyum

Jawng maga de law nna Secular maga de n law wa na hpe

tsang ra ai, hpa majaw nga yang secular mung grai ahkyak

ai, chyum jawng kaw sha ningbaw ningshawng nga taw

nga ai, secular maga ningshawng nnga ai.

Dai ni anhte Hpung Woi ni a machye machyang a hte,

shanhte a hkaw tsun ai madang ra rawng ai majaw dai ni

madang kaw myit yu na lam nga ai lam:-

Hpung masha ni Buga kahtawng hkan hpung sara ni

hpe hkungga ai, madat mara ai lam nga ai, hpa majaw nga

yang si hkrung si htan, jam jau ai, pyaw ai, yak ai ten hta galoi

mung arau nga ai, mare salang, ningbaw ningla kaga ni gaw

rau n nga ai, grau nna anhte jinghpaw sha ni gaw dinghku ma-

jan yawng hkrum katut lai wa ga ai ni hkrai re. Dai ten hta n

hprawng ai sha hpung masha ni hte arau nga ai gaw hpung woi

ni re, dai shaloi grau myit hta kam hpa ai rau sha nga ai n kabai

kau da ai. Dai majaw hpung masha ni hpung woi wa a ga hpe

madat ai lam tai wa ai. Jam jau nga ai ten hta sara ni gaw n sit n

nawt ai sha hpung masha ni hte rau hprawng rau nga ai majaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 111 -

yaw shada ai lam hta Sara Saboi Jum gaw Press de lit la na

matu, Sara Awng La gaw KBC kaw amu madu galaw na matu,

Sara Maran Yaw gaw Hkristan hpaji up, Sara La Ja gaw chyum

jawng a matu yawng gaw missionary ningmu hku nna shi hte

shi galaw dat ai. Shanhte shatsam dat ai hte mung wa tai ma

ai. Dai a shawng daw de gaw Chyum Jawng lung ai gaw Maw

La Myaing, Pyimana Hkai Rem jawng, sara tai jawng lung ai

madang sha re. Kuthkai kaw chyum jawng hpaw wa nna 1967

ning kaw nna she Nawng Nang de chyum jawng ma ni kachyi

kachyi law wa ai re. Jawng ma grau law ai ladaw gaw 1988

ning Asuya jawng pat dat ai kaw nna grau law ai, bai langai

gaw maigan de lu du ai gaw chyum jawng lung la ai hku nna

sha she ngu ai idea lu la ai majaw mung re, dai majaw chyum

jawng de masha law ai re. Moi gaw jawng sara galaw nga ai

ni hpung hpe yu/woi ai re, Sara Hkawng Hawng ni gaw jawng

sara she re, Sam Mung Ginwang Amu madu Sara Tu Luk ni

gaw jawng sara she re, hpang daw de sha chyum jawng lung la

ai, Sara E Byu ni mung jawng sara re.

Ya gaw laning hte laning madang tsaw wa sai, Nawng

Nang Chyum Jawng mung chyum jawng kaw nna College

madang de du wa sai, du na 2015 ning hta gaw Libral Art, D.

Min ni hpaw wa nna Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a Dakkasu

- 110 -

arawng aya lu jang jahpai nna jai lang mat ai. Htunghking kaw

mung amyat galaw wa ai, hpaga yumga hkan mung lu su wa

jang dinghku bya wa run wa ai. Ndai zawn re ai a madung gaw

foundation n ngang ai majaw byin ai lam ni re. Htingnut wa ai,

hkrat sum wa ai lam de law wa ai. Chyum laika hte n hkawm

ai, n hkan ai npawt hkri dun n ngang jang ntsa de wam

dam wa ai.

Ndai chyum laika Karai masa kaw gaw shi a masa kata

hku nna theology laika buk ni law law shapraw ma ai, Phil-

lipine, India, Africa hkan gaw “Black Theology”, “Asian The-

ology” ni “Liberation Theology” ni ka shapraw taw nga ma ai.

Korea kaw gaw “Minjung Theology” ni ka shale ai theologen

ni nga ai.

Raitim anhte kaw gaw hpa majaw n nga ai i ngu yang

n hkawn ai majaw re, tim ya gaw Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun ka

ai laika buk ni mung nga wa sai. Dr. Zau Lat mung ka wa sai,

laika buk hku n rai tim magazine hkan laika ngau hku tinang

a ningmu, mabyin hpe ka bang ai lam nga ai. Raitim n law shi

ai re. Chyum Jawng lam hku nna madang tsaw ai Master hpe

sharin wa ai mung n na shi ai re. 2000 ning hpang daw de she

law wa ai re, moi gaw chyum jawng lung ai gaw marai 6-7 sha

re, ya she law wa ai re. Ya pyi M.Div madang Th.M madang

Kachin philo-quest

- 107 -

sha naw re, Ya nga wa ai ni gaw moi masa n hkrak ai ten hta

sharin lai wa ai ni re, ya hpang daw de gaw law wa na re. Anhte

gaw Academic hku Ph.D lu ai ni gaw marai 2, 3 ram sha naw

re. Hpaji kaw gaw anhte ni Kayin hte Hkang ni hpe n dep shi

ai. MIT kaw Hkang hte Kayin she grau law ai shanhte sha

shara la lu ma ai. MIT kaw anhte jinghpaw mung lawm ga ai

ngu na daram sha re.

Tinang a mabyin masa hku nna theology ka na re ai

shaloi langai mi tsang ra ai gaw masha a myit hpaji hte ka da

ai lam hku nna rai yang shi a aten hte aten nga ai, ga shadawn:

Minjung Theology hpe yu ga nga yang 1950 ning ndai ten

hkan Korea kaw manuk mana mying kaba sai re, matsan ai ni a

maga de tsap ya ai theology re. Ya ten hta shanhte ni lu su mat

nna ya na Korea ma ni Minjung ngu ai hpa re hpe n chye ma

sai. Dai majaw masha a ka da ai laika buk ni gaw shi aten hte

aten mat mat wa ai. Ya anhte laika ka na rai yang Karai a masa

(Biblical perspective) byin na ahkyak ai re; dai gaw makam

masham hku nna tsun ai. Mungkan hpaji ni gaw gara hku ka

tim n ra ai. Chyum laika hku nna theology hpe ka wa ai shaloi

woi jashut kau yang mung anhte a myit sawn ai lam ni hta yak

mat na re majaw grai sadi nna ka ra ai.

Dai ni German Liberal Theology ni ka ai gaw makam

- 108 -

masham n nga ai ni she ka ai re, Germany Asuya gaw laika

shapraw na matu gumhpraw lit la galaw ya ai, Laika ka manu

gumhpraw lu ai. Dai hpe sharin nna anhte kaga mungdan gaw

bri ma ai. Dai majaw ka yang mung makam masham chyum

laika hta mahta nna ka yang kaja na re, shing n rai yang anhte

hpe lam woi shadam ai sha tai na re. Makam masham ngu ai

gaw masha a matu manuk mana ahkyak ai re majaw atsawm

jahtuk na ka ra ai.

1954 htawra daw de gaw anhte MIT kaw Divinity

chyum jawng lung ai rai n nga shi ai, 1954 ning Manhkring

kaw galaw ai Myen Mung Hkalup Hpung Zuphpawng kaw

nna she marai 7 hpang wa ai re. Sara Lahtaw Gum Se, Sara

Saboi Jum, Sara Maji La Ja ni re. Htawra daw gaw “Ninghtan

Hpung” ngu nna mung masum (Mungmyit Sinli, Myikyina,

Mannaw) ngu nna hpaw wa ai. Dai shaloi na shawng nnan na

KBC Amu Madu gaw sara E Byu (jawng sara) re, chyum jawng

yu ai sara n nga ai majaw re. Moi gaw Mission hte jawng sara

kapyawn nna galaw ai re, dai ten hta chyum jawng lung mayu

ai myit mung n hkawn ai majaw mung byin mai ai hku nna woi

awn wa ai. Rai timung dai ten hta sasana sara kaba ni naw nga

ai, shanhte pawn ba wa ai kaw galu kaba wa ai re.

1954 ning Manghkring kaw nna MBC zuphpawng a

Kachin philo-quest

- 109 -

JINGHPAW AMYU MASHA NI A NINGMU

(World View or philosophy)

Jinghpaw a (philosophy) gaw jinghpaw ga shaga ai

ni hte grau seng ai hku re. Wunpawng kata na amyu langai

hte langai mung philo loi li shai hkat ai. Lawu na Philo byin

shangun ai lam kaba ni hpe yu yu ga.

1. Makam masham masa

Makam (belief), Manu shadan ai lam (values), Jaw jau

ai lai (rituals), Maumwi (mythology), Ga shagawp, ga malai

(proverbs and sayings), Hpaji ga (Wisdom), Riddles (gum-

wai), predominantly male, cooperation, fear of demons Jus-

tice, equality, kind to the weak e.g. Poor, orphans, widows.

Sincerely, mutual trust, social rather than individual. Warlike,

vengeance. arbitration rather than arbitrary judgment. Duwa

is not necessarily the real leader. Authority is based on well

experienced elderly people. Compensation settled any blood

feud. Every person must tie to kinship relation regardless of

aliens. Exogamous, Choosing the bride custom is multilateral

cross- cousin marriage. Levirate- taking the widow of the de-

ceased brother. Monogamy. Sometimes polygamy. Collective

- 126 -

hkrum ra ai, hpung langai sha byin ga hpe n tsun mayu ai, ka-

dai mung kade hpung rai nga na re unity mind ndai rawng nna

kadai mung kadai shakut nna matut mahkai (relationship) grai

ahkyak ai. Mung masa mung hpung mung grai law ai raitim

anhte wunhpawng amyu sha ni yawng a matu myit ra ai, dai

hte maren Sut masa hkan mung ndai myit jasat hte galaw yang

gaw anhte hkrum na re, yawng rawt wa na re. Dai ni anhte

KBC mung hpung hpe woi awn nga ai ni yawng Karai Kasang

hpe tsawra ai amyu sha ni hpe tsawra ai myit hte woi awn

nga ra na re. Mung masa, makam masham, htunghking ni

yawng kaja wa Karai Kasang hpe tsawra ai, amyu sha ni

hpe tsawra ai hte woi awn ai rai yang anhte a pandung lan-

gai kaw wa du lu na hpe kam ai, rau maren sha galu kaba

wa na re. Hpung hku sha galu kaba wa nna Mung masa gaw

kaga rai nga yang gaw balance n byin ai.

Sut masa madu gaw Karai Kasang, Mung masa a madu

gaw Karai Kasang, Hpyen galaw ai ni mung Hpyen a madu

gaw Karai Kasang mahkra ndai myit hte galaw yang anhte

jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni maren sha kalu kaba wa na hpe

kam ai. Kaga amyu ni hte anhte wunpawng sha ni a laklai ai

gaw family type nga ai, relationship nga ai dai gaw anhte a

n-gun re. Ya ngai la da ai gaw Lashi Num, Nye Nu gaw Maru

Kachin philo-quest

- 115 -

Num hpa garan na lam n nga ai, mahkra gaw gyit da ai, dai

gaw anhte a n-gun re kaga myu ni hta jan ai dai re. Dai majaw

rawt galu kaba ai amyu tai lu wa na matu gaw Hkristan makam

masham hpe manoi manat, myu baw sang matut hkat ra nga

ga ai.

Dr. Hkalam Sam Son (KBC-2010)

- 116 - - 125 -

rai nga ai. Lahtaw amyu lakung a npu e mung Lahtaw hte seng

ai htinggaw mying yawng hpe ka jahkrat da ya na rai nga ai.

Shaloi ramma ni gaw tinang gara lakung hta lawm ai, manang

wa gara lakung hta lawm ai, gara hku daw hkat na, gara hku

shachyen shaga na ngu ai hpe aloi sha chye la lu na rai nga ai.

Hpaji chye ai ni hpaji daw, gumhpraw lu ai ni gunhpraw shaw

rai jawm shakut yang n byin mai na lam n nga ai.

Dr. Hka Lum

- 124 - - 117 -

Sinna mung na masha ni shada hkrum yang du hkra

ladaw gara hku rai nga ai hpe san nna “How do you like the

weather?” ngu shachyen shaga ma ai. Iwa amyu masha ni

hkrum hkat yang hpaga yum ga lam hkrak nga a ni? nga nna

shaga jahta chye ma ai. Myen amyu masha ni manang shada

hkrum hkat yang,”Shat sha ngut sani? Hpa baw shat mai sha

myit ni?” nga nna shachyen hkat ma ai. Raitim shanhte gaw

amyu lakung ngu ai mi n nga ai majaw nnan hkrum hkat yang

“Na mying hpa rai ta? Gara buga na rai nni? Be-Za-Ti-Le? nga

nna shachyen shaga chye ma ai. Buga bung ai kaw na rai yang

hpa n chye n daw hkat tim jinghku majing zawn nawn ma ai.

Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni shada hkrum hkat yang, Ma kade

lu sani?” nga nna san hkat ma ai. Shawng nnan hkrum hkat

yang gaw, “Hkau gaw kadai kasha rai nni?” numsha hpe rai

yang,”Hkri gaw kadai kasha rai nni?” ngu san nna daw ang ai

hku bai shachyen shaga chye ma ai.

Moi shawng de dakkasu jawngma ni a magazine langai

mi hta lawu ga de jawng lung ai Jinghpaw shabrang langai mi

hte Jinghpaw numsha langai mi hkrum ai shaloi shabrang wa

gaw numsha hpe shachyen dat yu yang Maran num a kasha

re ai chye jang,”Na nu mung Maran, Nye nu mung Maran

AGU NGU RIT YAW, HKRI...

- 118 -

mayu dama daw hkat wa ai dinghku na aru arat ni hpe galoi

mung hkum garan nna shachyen shaga ma ai. Kaga kahpu ka-

nau, lawu lahta na htinggaw ni gaw mi na hte maren sha mayu

dama ding yang daw hkrat wa ai rai nga ai.

Ya na Jinghpaw Wunpawng shayi shadang sha ni

hpe ndai tsawm htap la ai Wunpawng htunghking shachyen

shaga lam hpe sharin ya ai lam galaw ra sai. Maru(Lhaovo)

ga Maru(Lhaovo) htunghking atsawm n chye mat sai

Maru(Lhaovo) lakung ni hpe Maru Tangbau ngu ai rai nga ai.

Jinghpaw ga Jinghpaw htunghking n chye mat sai ni

hpe kaning ngu na kun? Shachyen shaga lai masa hpe ka sha-

leng ai laika buk kaji(booklet) langai mi shapraw ra sai. Dai

laika a shawng na daw hta mayu dama, kahpu kanau shachyen

shaga ai lam hpe sang lang dan nna, hpang na daw hta gaw

Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu lakung hpabaw gaw hpabaw re

ai ngu ai hpe ka matsing da na rai nga ai. Ga shadawn: La-

chid hku Mangshang ngu ai gaw Jinghpaw hku nna Nshang

Ran(Maran), Ngochang hku Lakuk ngu ai lakung gaw Jinghpw

hku Lahtaw, Maru(Lhaovo) hku Jumhpauk ngu ai gaw Jingh-

pw hku Labang, Rawang hku hpa baw rai yang Jinghpaw hku

kaning ngu na, ngu ai hpe tsun mayu ai. Daw masum ngu na

hta gaw, Marip lakung a npu e Marip htinggaw mying yawng

hpe ABCD hku alphabetical order ka matsing jahkrat da ya na

Kachin philo-quest

- 123 -

na shan hpu shan nau tai wa sai. Shan a kasha ni rai nga ai

Lahtaw kasha ni hte Lahpai kasha ni mung kahpu kanau daw

nna, la hkat ya hkat ai lam n galaw ma ai. Rai tim, kaga Lahtaw

nta na ni hte, kaga Lahpai nta na ni gaw ding yang mayu dama

ngu shaga nna la hkat ya hkat ma ai. Dai majaw Maran num

lahkawng a kasha yan raitim dai Maran num yan kanau kana

chyaw chyaw n rai yang Maran num shagu a kasha ni kahpu

kanau n rai ma ai. Kawa maga hku sha shachyen shaga ra ai.

La sha ni hku nna tinang a dama ni a shayi sha ni hpe kahkri

daw ma ai. Numsha ni mung tinang a kanu a kahpu kanau ni a

shadang sha ni hpe katsa daw ai majaw Tsa ba, Tsa Bawk, Tsa

Doi, Tsa Dim ngu shaga ma ai.

Tinang a dama kasha kahkri num garai n wa ai mah-

kawn ten hta Hkri ngu shaga tim, dai dama kasha kahkri num

sha hpe tinang a mayu kahkau wa hkungran la ai shaloi mayu

gumgai wa tai mat ai majaw Jinghpaw ga hta kahkri gaw kani

ngu shamying tsun ma ai. Dai majaw tsawra tsaba ngu ai mah-

kawn mangoi ni gaw Jinghpaw htunghking shachyen shaga

lam hte nhtan shai ai kaya kahpa sumtsaw sumra mahkawn rai

nga ai. Raitim, ram prat na byin chye ai hte maren kahkri katsa

jahka kau n mai nna dinghku de wa na rai yang yu htang ja

ngu ai bang nna mayu gaw dama nhtang tai, dama gaw mayu

nhtang tai re ai htung mung nga nga mali ai. Dai zawn rai

- 122 -

nga yang gaw, an nau she daw nga ai, Agu ngu shaga rit yaw,

Hkri,” nga nna shachyen shaga ai hpe hti hkrup yu nngai. Ya

prat anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng ramma shayi shadang sha ni

masha amyu ni a lapran e nga nna hpaji sharin, kan bau amu

bungli galaw, kanawn mazum sa wa ai majaw tinang a amyu

htung hking shachyen shaga lam hpe n chye mat wa ai lam

shadum ai rai nga ai. Dai hku byin nga ai hpe kaning di nna

sharai na ngu mung hpaji jaw ra nhten.

Shan hpraw sasana sara langai mi Jinghpaw Wunpawng

sha ni a shachyen shaga ai lam hpe n chye ai majaw,”Nanhte

Jinghpaw ni gaw tinang a kasha daram re ai wa hpe aji ngu

shaga ai gaw gara hku ta?” nga nna san ai da. Lashio mare

kaw Jinghpaw sara kaba langai mi a nta e sara kaba a kashu

daram re ai jinghku kasha la sha ma langai mi sa nga lawm nna

jawng lung nga ai. Anhte gaw sara kaba hpe grai hkungga la ra

let shaga nga yang dai la sha ma gaw sara kaba hpe “Eh, shu,

eh shu,” nga nna shaga nga ai hpe dum nngai.

Myen amyu masha ni gaw tinang amyu hte tsan ai

tsasam ni hpe gaw kawa daram re ai wa hpe abba, kanu daram

re ai wa hpe ame, kahpu daram re ai wa hpe ako, kana daram

re ai num hpe ama , kanau numsha daram re ai kajan kasha ni

hpe nyi ma,kamoi daram re ai wa hpe adaw, kashu daram re ai

wa hpe nga mye, kanu hta kaji ai la ni hpe ulay, kasha daram re

Kachin philo-quest

- 119 -

ai ni hpe thar lay (shadang sha), thami lay(shayi numsha) nga

nna shaga chye ma ai. Dai majaw Jinghpaw num la ai Myen la

ni gaw katsa hpe Awa, ngu shaga nna, kani hpe Anu, ngu shaga

ma ai. Rung langai mi hta marai langai mi Uncle nga jang

rung ting na ramma ni yawng gaw dai wa hpe uncle ngu shaga

ma ai. Hpawmi langai mi rai yang mung yawng a auntie rai

wa sai da. Kala amyu ni mung dai hku shachyen shaga ai hpe

mu mada ga ai. English, American sinna masha ni gaw tinang

a kawa n rai yang Daddy(Awa)ngu n shaga ma ai. Tinang a

kanu n re ai num hpe mummy(Anu) ngu n shaga ma ai.Tinang

a kamoi n re ai num hpawmi hpe Auntie(Amoi) ngu n shaga

ma ai.

Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni shada daw hkat ai lam hta

mayu dama, lawu lahta kahpu kanau hta hkan nna shachyen

shaga ai lam amyu myu nga ai. Kawa a kawa hpe Aji shing

n rai Jidwi(Manmaw de na ni Dwi la), kawa a kanu hpe

Atwi(Manmaw de na ni Dwi num), nga shaga ma ai. Kanu

a kawa hpe ajum shing n rai Achyum(Manmaw ga na ni Hkai

la), kanu a kanu hpe Atwi(Manmaw ga na ni Hkai num) ngu

shaga ma ai.

Dai hta kaga tinang a mayu a mayu gaw yu ji rai nga ai

majaw, asak kaji tim asak kaba tim la ni hpe aji, ajum ngu sha-

ga nna, num ni hpe rai jang Atwi ngu shaga ma ai. Dai majaw

- 120 -

tinang hta grai kaji ai ni hpe ajum ngu nna hkungga la ra shaga

ai rai nga ai. Dama a dama hpe gaw asak kaji tim kaba tim, Shu

ngu shaga ai rai nga ai. Dai hta n-ga, Ma Gam a amyu lakung

ni gaw shawng dinghku de ai majaw, Ma Gam a kashu ni hte

kanau hpungdim a kasha ni gaw asak nau n shai hkat ai sha

kaba wa ma ai. Kalang lang Ma Gam a kashu mahtang asak

grau kaba nna Ma Yaw a kasha mahtang asak grau kaji tim, Ma

Yaw a kasha gaw Ma Gam a kashu hpe Sha ngu shaga ra ai.

Dai gaw ban kaji kaba hta hkan nna shaga ai majaw rai nga ai.

Num sha ni maga de na mung tinang a madu wa a kahpu hpe

mung Gu ngu shaga nna, tinang a madu wa a kawa hpe mung

Gu ngu shaga ai. Tinang a madu wa a kanau la sha hpe Rat ngu

shaga nna, tinang a madu wa a kanu hpe Moi ngu shaga nna,

madu wa a kana, kajan ni hpe Ning sha ngu ma ai.

Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a daw hkat ai lam gaw

kawa maga na amyu hkan nna kahpu kanau nga ai zawn, num

la num ya lam a majaw mayu amyu bung ai la hkrup nna num

hpang hpu wa ni mung nga nga ma ai. Dai num hpang hpu wa

ni gaw kahpau kanau hku sha shaga hkat ma ai.

Ga shadawn, Maran htinggaw mi na kasha Maran Kaw

hpe Lahtaw Gam la nna, Maran Lu hpe Lahpai Naw la yang

Lahtaw Gam hte Lahpai Naw gaw Maran num garai n la yang

mayu dama kahkau rai tim, Maran num la hkrum ai shani kaw

Kachin philo-quest

- 121 -

invest great effort, energy and wisdom to standardize it so that

in a new future Kachin food may become commercial products

to world community. This is the sign of a growing civiliza-

tion in the cultural landscape of Kachin people for which we

should give thanks to God who gives this culture.

Our Cultural Dress of the Wedding Ceremony

In 2004, I have had an opportunity to meet a lady tour-

ist at Myitkyina YMCA who carried a big video camera while

the wedding ceremony was in the process. In the midst of be-

ing very busy with taking her picture, I asked her this ques-

tion: “What is your main project in taking this picture?” she

then responded to me in a highly esteem way. “I have been

travelling almost everywhere in lower Myanmar,” she said, to

collect the video picture of the wedding ceremony from each

ethnic group, and I observe the facts that this dress during your

wedding ceremony seems to be the most beautiful as well as a

dignifi ed occasion among all other wedding ceremonies in the

country”.

The statement having mentioned above, came from the

heart of a foreigner who expressed it from the perspective of

cultural education. How should I respond to it? I may not be in

- 138 -

decision.

2. Nga sat nga sa lai len (Social structure)

i. Nta dinghku (family) an agreement between

two families. Kanu, Kawa, Kashu Kasha, lawu

lahta hte Jinghku masat ai lam

ii. Makyin Jinghku lam (Extended family). Waji

wukam hkyeng ai asak kaba sai, mahkrum

madup nga sai, ni daw dan hparan ai.

(patriarchal)

iii. Num wawn num la lam- Patrilineal re ai majaw

Male dominant re.

iv. Ndai num wawn num la lam gaw individual sha

n re social ting hte seng ai re. Alliance, Mayu

hte Dama (giving bride, taking bride)

v. Infi delity within the married state is not com-

mon- and a divorce is next to impossible-Han-

son.

Kachin philo-quest

- 127 -

Mayu:

Moi mung ya mung shayi la ang ai amyu ni,

tinang hte amyu roisai bung ai ni a shayi la ai ni

tinang hte Pu sin dun ai ni shayi la ai ni.

Dama:

Tinang a shayi num sha hpe la ai ni,

tinang a amyu daw ang ai ni a shayi la ai ni

Hpu nau:

Amyu sai majing re ai ni. Hkring htawng

shachyaw ai Heritage hte seng ai re. Amyu a

identity mung re. e.g.. Lahpai mying matut

shamying mat wa ai.

- Lawu lahta Hpu nau ni

- Num la rum ai ni

- Num jawm ya da ai ni

- Magam amyu lama ma a majaw daw ang la

ai ni hpu nau kumbang jun ai ni (band)

Kashu kahkri:

Kajan a kasha ni hpe kahkri ni (Alliance)

- Kahkri a madu wa hpe kashu ni

- Tinang a shayi sha la ai ni hte kahkri ni

- Tinang a kasha ni a kasha ni hpe kashu ni.

- 128 -

step of theological studies; however, during summer holidays

I used this for going back and forth between the two countries

for fi ve years. To spend my time at leisure I sometimes visited

Kachin community, especially Starpru area, and I saw there

that our cultural landscapes were changed moderately; for I

saw many Shat Seng (food selling shops) where non-Kachin;

Chinese, Burmese, Indians, even the western tourists were

fl ocking around Kachin Shat Seng every evening.

Presently, Kachin food is able to give its distinctive

fl avor to support the appetite of the consumers, and this is

especially convenient for everyone who wants to keep away

from using food items with oily substances. When Looking at

Kachin food from the perspective of globalization, it is grow-

ing up and being popular in the midst of International com-

munity. In Japan, there are four Kachin restaurants which are

selling mainly food; and one time, a Japanese pastor and I used

to enjoy the Kachin noodle there. I observe that once a Japa-

nese pastor started eating, he never stop until he ended up his

noodle with a word of appreciation, “Very Good.”

While in the process of selling Kachin food within and

outside Jinghpaw Buga, I wish to give my assessment on it in

a sense that our young people of the present generation should

Kachin philo-quest

- 137 -

In the process of my tourism, a western tourist hap-

pened to ask me like this: “What is an International food you

have in Burma?” Surprisingly, I was not able to give a correct

answer, and I was in a silent mood. Minutes later, he continued

another question: “Is that Muk-hin-kha?” Then, I responded

him, “oh, probably yes, you are right.”

At the end of my theological tourism I arrived back

home with the normal condition of physical body: mind, intel-

lect and theological view being refreshed to a certain degree. I

visited many churches within Kachin Baptist Convention so as

to give or to share my theological refl ection which I received

from academic studies and Asian tourism. My refl ection fo-

cused mainly on how to improve our system of Kachin food

to meet the fl avor of foreigners and how to make it to become

like international food.

By that time I transferred my service from the church

ministry to teaching ministry at theological school, Nawng

Nang. It was in December, 1993 when I joined with my stu-

dents in the school campaign. As we arrived at one church com-

munity in the evening, we were hosted by a Christian family

at dinner with Kachin food helping us meet our native fl avor.

Then soon after I left for the Philippines to prepare my fi nal

- 136 -

vi. Sut lu lam

Moi prat hta sut hpaga ngu ai gaw Jum hpaga,

kanoi hpaga, Pasi hpaga, kani, rigawng hpaga,

ashu ashan, namlaw namlap hte kaga ni. Dai ni

na prat hta gaw hpaga amyu hkum chye wa sai,

Lungseng, Ja hpaga kaw nna hkawt, Commu-

nal hku nna sa ai. Individual hku nna indepen-

dently galaw ai de naw sa ra ai.

vii. Mung masa

Gumchying gumsa kawn sha ai.

Hierarchy masa.Hereditary, (kasha ni du bai tai

ai) e.g. North Korea, Libya, Syria and etc...

Gum rawng gumtsa – egalitarian masa

Gum Lau- rawt malan masa, divisive de gale

wa lu ai.

viii. Hpaji lam

Informal education, survival knowledge chye

ai. (experience kaw na lu ai) dai hpe value tawn

ai.

Kachin philo-quest

- 129 -

Language – grammatical pattern – SOV. Tonal

language, an abstract verb is rarely used. An

action verb is very much common. An adjec-

tive is mostly stative verb. E.g. tsawm ai, tsit

ai, chyang ai. Causative – prefi x, sha-ja- e.g.

shachyang, jahkrung ai. (transitive and intran-

sitive verb). Kachins are prone to practical than

theoretical.

Rev. Dr. Maran Ja Gun (KTC)

- 130 -

(Jauman buga manang ni), used to trap or snare stupidly in try-

ing to catch jungle fowls. Yes, I did enjoy those jungle meats

very deliciously, and yet have I been honest, just and faithful to

the environment of my native village? Let me leave this ques-

tion to my readers of this theological refl ection.

Our Food In Flavor (namchyim) of Native Culture

In the years between 1964-86, I have had the privilege

from God to study theological education at the Presbyterian

College and Theological Seminary Graduate School Seoul,

Korea. I received my Th.M. degree from this school, and my

way back was scheduled by the Director of Christian Educa-

tion Department of the Christian Conference of Asia to be in-

volved in theological tourism in Asian nations. In accordance

with this schedule, I was able to spend two weeks in Japan, one

week in Hongkong, two weeks in Singapore, and two weeks

in Bangkok. The main purpose of that theological tourism was

to help me observe theological seminaries, Christian organiza-

tions, Asian cultural landscape, Ecumenical organizations of

particular country in Asian region and to help me enjoy Asian

ways of life, food, social relationship within the Asian con-

text.

Kachin philo-quest

- 135 -

of our Jinghpaw Buga. This Psalm expresses that David, being

King of Israel, was also a poet. In this Psalm David starts his

writing with the natural landscape of the setting where he was

tending his sheep.

Consequently, this Paslm 23 tell us about the green

pastures, quiet waters, the deep valley inside where running

of the rivers, rocks, fl owers would be seen. This Pslam mainly

focuses on God’s natural landscape that comforted the boy Da-

vid when he took care of his sheep. Practically speaking, this

Psalm was supposed to have been composed during a period

of his kingship. This Psalm helps us to understand that King

David was recalling the experience of his distant past of being

a shepherd in a sense that life as a shepherd became the happi-

est time which could never be restored back even in the time

of kingship.

While I am writing this chapter, I immediately recall

those surrounding sights in the country-side of my village,

namely, Umhta Ga I still remember how much I had enjoyed

walking as far as the area where I could pick fruits of blackber-

ry (Saga chyang si), arbutus (Saga hkyeng si), and sometimes I

used to collect peach (Shangum si), and bamboo shoots (Kawa

makru) from my garden; and the way I, with my compatriots

- 134 -

Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun (KTC)RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeevvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv.................. DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr.............. NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN---------------------gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnngggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)))))))))))))))))))))))))

- 131 -

Anhte ya yang asak hkrung nga ai lam

Jinghpaw Wunpawng prat dep sak kung ni a mahkrum

madup, machye machyang ni gaw, lahta na ga baw hpe mahtai

jaw lu na matu tup hkrak (teng tup) ging dan sai ngu hkam la

(hkap la) na n loi na re. Hpa majaw? Anhte yawng gaw lahta

na ga baw ni hte seng nna hpaji masa (Academic) hku hkaja

sharin hkam la ai n re ai sha, makau grup-yin mungdan ni a

asak hkrung lam hte shing daw jahkrup yu yang anhte a nga sat

nga sa ni hkrat sum nga ai hpe mu mada ai majaw (Compara-

tive Study) galaw ai kaw na lu la ai hpaji sha rai na re.

Ga baw hkrang ni hpe yu ai lam

Shaloi, Htunghking lailen, nga sat nga sa, galaw lu

galaw sha, malu masha, makam masham, ginru ginsa labau,

hpaji hparat hte maumwi mausa ga baw kaji ni a lam hpe Spe-

cialize galaw nga ai masha ni san tawn da nhtawm hpaji hpyi

yang grau masan sa na re, ngu kam ai. Hpa majaw nga yang,

lahta na ga san, ga baw ni hte seng nna hpaji jaw ai mahtai n

bung ai. Nga ginra hta hkan nna, amyu sha baw sang ni hta

hkan nna shai taw nga ai hpe mu lu ai. (There are differences

Jinghpaw Wunpawng myu sha ni myu sha lan-

gai hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kan-

ing re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak a ta?

- 132 -

in normative pattern in value judgment). Gara hku rai tim, ya

yang asak hkrung nga ai Kanu Kawa ni gaw, shi hte shi, ginra

hte ginra, lahta e san da ai ga san ni hpe ningmu jaw lu ai

Jinghpaw Wunpawng ninghkring ni (Kachin Experts) nga ai

hpe dum lu ga ai. Ndai Jinghpaw Wunpawng ninghkring ni a

ningmu garan kachyan ai hpaji ni hpe hpaji masa (Academic)

hte bawng ban ai lam (Seminar) galaw nhtawm, mahtai tam na

gaw Kachin Philo-quest hpung ni a lit rai sai ngu kam nngai.

Ngai hku nna shang lawm lu ai ningmu:

Ngai ka da ai “Kachin Culture and Tradition in Myan-

mar: Our Theological Refl ection” laika buk a, laika man (88)

daw kaba (8) hta, “Our Cultural Landscape” a lam lawm ai.

Our Cultural Landscape

Introduction

Where is, and what is our cultural landscape? To an-

swer this question is to say that our cultural landscape is none

other than our Jinghpw Wunpawng Buga itself, and it is located

in this Jinghpaw Buga. Why then this writing about our land-

scape begins with the Scripture from Psalm 23? This is mainly

because I want to make use of theological refl ecting of King

David. Now, let us refl ect on Psalm 23 together in the context

Kachin philo-quest

- 133 -

galaw ai shaloi Bum ga de, Myihtoi, Dumsa, Hkin Jawng ni

hte hkrum shaga na matu lung wa ai. Rai tim, dai aten hta ndai

Nat jaw ninghkring ni si mat masai. Dai shaloi Sara Ja Li tsun

ai gaw, “Anhte a Yup Research Center galaw ai lam shaning

(50) hpang hkrat mat sai, ngu ai re.”

Ngai hku nna sang lang dan mayu ai hta, (ga san No.

4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12) ni hpe yu ai shaloi, (global scope) mungkan

masa ningmu hte matut mahkai ya nga ai hpe mu lu ai. Dai

majaw grai kaja sai lam tsun shana dat nngai law.

Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun (KTC)

- 150 -

the position to say “yes” or “no.” The option to say “yes” then

let us appreciate our Kachin dress, “costume,” which we use

at wedding ceremony and at the same time, let us unanimously

agree to modernize it so that our dress and our wedding cere-

mony will be more apparently popular among an international

community.

My point of context here is trying to say that not only

should the dress and wedding ceremony be appreciable and

beautiful when viewed by outsiders, but a more important thing

would be that of our attitudes, our characters, life style and

value system of the Kachin people, and that we must express

a true identifi cation with beauty of our dress of the Kachin

people. Who is going to solve our problem while our dress

and wedding ceremony become more popular in the national

level as well as in an international level yet when our younger

generation of this present century, entirely disappear from the

view of our cultural landscape?

Our Manau Dance

When did our ancestors start the celebration of the

Manau Dance?; or when was the beginning of Manau Dance—

how and what was its main aim and purpose?

Kachin philo-quest

- 139 -

My aim and purpose of choosing this chapter is to be

able to answer this question in theological refl ection.

My article on “Our Herbal Medicine,” chapter (3) has

already discussed that when the Greet Flood (in our mythol-

ogy) took place on earth the Mahtum Mahta gods (heavenly

beings) gave protection upon Daru Chyani and magam Shabyi

for their life of well being in justice and being faithful to good

spirit on earth; that means, they were taken up to the heavenly

abode, namely Mahtum Mahta Ga.

During that time, Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi

stayed there in friendly terms and in good tune with differ-

ent kinds of animals. However, when the Great Flood entirely

subsided a small drum, which carried them during the Flood,

fi nally rested on “Flat-topped Hill” (Majoi Shingra Bum).

Hence Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi were able to fi nd their

place to start a new life and a new civilization on earth.

Our tradition, having transpired to the present century

through the oral divination of our animist elders, informed us

that while our ancient people stayed in Majoi Shingra Bum,

they used to visit up and down between heavenly abode and

Majoi Shingra Bum so as to exchange their cultures and civi-

lization. Consequently, the fi rst thing that Daru Chyani and

- 140 -

hpun sumraw lam ni hpe manu shadan chye ai myit masa hpaji

ni shangai shalat ra sai.

Lahta na maka kumla ni hpe grau nna prat dep lai masa

de du lu hkra (Modernize) byin lu hkra gaw gap la ra sai, ngu

hkam la nngai.

4. Philosophize (or) Theologize

Myit masa hpaji ladat shaw na kun? (sh) Karai masa

hpaji the mahkri jashawn na rai kun?

Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a rawt galu

kaba lam gaw hkye hkrang la ai Madu Yesu Hkristu hpe kam

sham ai kaw na hpang wa ai re majaw, hpa baw galaw na rai

tim, Karai Kasang n hkraw na kun? Karai Kasang je yang na

kun? ngu hkrit tsang ra ga ai. Tsun mayu ai gaw, Jinghpaw

Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit masa hpaji hpe gyin shalat lu

na matu Karai Kasang hpe ahkang hpyi ra ga ai. Lam mi hku

bai bawng ban mayu ai gaw, Nat jaw prat hta anhte a (Way of

Life) asak hkrung shingni hpe Hkin Jawng Dumsa ni a n-gup

aga kaw na grai tsun wa sai rai tim, shanhte hku nna dai hpaji

ni hpe hpaji masa (Academic) hku nna n ka mazing da ai re

majaw, mat mat sai.

Sara Kaba Pungga Ja Li gaw Yup Research Center

Kachin philo-quest

- 149 -

teners in the status quo.

Dai kaw gabaw kaji (3) lawm ai. (A) Anhte a htunghk-

ing lusha (our food in native culture), (B) Amyu sha bu hpun

lam (our cultural dress), (C) Amyu sha ka manawt lam (our

manau dance) ngu ai lam hpe tang madun da sai.

Shing rai tang madun ai hta yaw shada ai lam gaw:

1. Malu masha

Anhte a htunghking malu masha hpe mungkan madang

hta dan dawng wa lu shangun sai.

2. Ka manawt dingsawt

Anhte a manau nau ai lam hpe mungkan madang hta pyi kaja

dik, tsawm dik ai htung hking ka shingni re lam ndau shana

dan lu sai.

3. Bu hpun sumraw

Anhte a bu hpun sumraw ai lam hpe mungkan hta (grau

nna hkungran poi bu hpun palawng) ni hpe maigan masha ni e

grai manu shadan shagrau sha-a ai madang du wa lu shangun

sai, Dai majaw, anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni gaw,

(grau nna tsaban 21 ban na Ramma shayu shadang sha ni hku

nna) anhte a htunghking ka manawt lam, malu masha lam, bu

- 148 -

Magam Shabyi had to do was to learn from the heavenly be-

ings what the Manau Dancing was all about. Since then, the

Mahtum Mahta leaders were responsible to help them observe

fi rst, “Fish dancing” in the running water, and then “Frog danc-

ing” on the muddy place.

After having seen that Fish dancing and frog dancing,

Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi were invited to go up in the

heavenly abode, and there, they performed together the fi rst

Manau Dancing.

Our theological refl ection here will remind all read-

ers of this chapter in a sense that our Kachin Manau Dance,

from the very beginning, started with the divine initiatives of

heavenly beings (the sun-gods) who were taking care of our,

apparently called, Kachin ancestors in time of the Great Flood.

Hence, this culture and tradition of Manau Dance belong to the

idea of a true God, to whom we worship now, though its idea

has not been explicitly expressed as in the present form.

Learning the Art of Manau Dance from the Birds

Our ancestors came down from Majoi Shingra Bum and

gheey arrived at another Majoi Ginra (majoi Station) namely

Mali Hku Majoi. Dinghta Gunseng La Shabrang and his wife,

Hpungdim Kai Nang, were their chiefs; how long they stayed

Kachin philo-quest

- 141 -

there had been unknown, but our ancestors proceeded toward

Chyaihku Majoi their victory in life and prosperity.

Our ancestors proceeded again toward Hkring Hku

Majoi under another leadership of Jawa Rumja and his wife,

Madai Ma Hpraw Nga. It was a time that our ancestors adapt-

ed the patterns and design of Manau dancing while they were

in the process of learning it from the birds with the aim of

modernizing it in different way. Our tradition informs us that

during a time when our ancestors stayed in Hkranghku Majoi

there was a very lazy boy called, ma Ding-yau who never did

his work for his livelihood.

As a consequence his compatriots arrested him, to put

him in the basket then tied it to a banyan tree with a staring. In

this way, Ma Ding-yau has had no other way than spending all

days by way of listening the language of the birds, their music

and observe the way they were dancing.

Now was a time that Jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw

Nga were preparing for Manau Dance; however the problem

was how the steps and structures of dancing could be practi-

cally performed by them? Fortunately, this problem was easily

solved because the young men of HKranghku Majoi used to

get in touch with Ma Ding-yau daily, and through this way,

- 142 -

ternalize what the missionaries would think of the basic atti-

tude of the Kachin people in general, and I surmise what they

would re-evaluate it in particular--- for instance,

Kchin people are good at listening while they are very

slow to start doing job meaningfully, as mentioned in (James

1:22-23).

If I were to mention my own experience here, I would

say that because of our pioneering missionaries, Kachins had

become an advantageous community more than those other

surrounding non-Kachin groups. We have been privileged to

improve ourselves in all aspects of life because God has been

with us in the presence of our missionaries. My point of con-

text in saying this is that we have been very slow to identify

what the cultural landscape of Jinghpaw Wunpawng Buga is

all about. Consequently, our younger generations are more re-

sponsible to express urgently of our Kachin culture in terms

of modernizing Kachin food, dress, and dance properly in the

outlook of globalization.

To express our culture in terms of food, dress and dance

will be not the end result of understanding our cultural land-

scape. Our younger generations have yet to start doing things

actively in relation to this rather than just becoming good lis-

Kachin philo-quest

- 147 -

ecumenical spirit in fellowship; hence, at the Kachin Manau

Dance many international tourists, from different part of the

world, could come to enjoy it. Today this dance has become

the symbol of our ethnic identity as well as an expression of

Kachin Christian contextual theology.

Conclusion

My aim and purpose of choosing this chapter under

the title of “Our Cultural Landscape” is being able to share my

personal, heart-felt experiences together with my philosophy

of life upon the cultural landscape of Jinghpaw Wunpawng

Buga to my next generation.

As I try to collect words from sermons and encour-

agement from the pioneering missionaries among the Kachins,

signifi cantly, Rev. Dr. William Henry Roberts, Rev. Dr. Ola

Hanson and Rev. George J. Geis, I fi nd that these pioneer trios

laid the foundations in erection of the structure of what we now

call KBC in terms of socio-cultural and religious life; giving

us a political blue-print, creation of the language, education,

livelihood, hearth care, agricultural job, handicraft, civiliza-

tion for humanity as well as humility, and so forth.

In the process of this historical movement I try to in-

- 146 -

Jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw Nga were given the good

news that ma Ding-yau had been able to understand the lan-

guage of the birds which made him learn all the different forms

of their dancing steps from the culture of the birds. No sooner

had it happened than Ma Ding-yau was released and he re-

turned back where he was welcome by the Central Committee

of Manau Festival. This Manau dance would express life of

prosperity for the family of jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw

Nga, the chief of our ancestors, when they arrived at Hkrangh-

ku Majoi. The Central Committee of Manau Dance appointed

Ma Ding-yau to be the leader of Manau Dancing which laid

the foundation of our Kachin Manau Dance which we do until

this day.

Theological Refl ection on Manau Dance

Before 1977, although almost 90 percent of Kachin

people had already become Christians, Manau festival was

celebrated in the cultural form of animism. However by 1977

when Kachin Baptist Convention celebrated its Centennial an-

niversary the Central Committee unanimously agreed to in-

clude Manau Dance in the worship program as part of social

entertainment.

Kachin philo-quest

- 143 -

In other words, the leaders of Kachin Baptist Con-

vention proposed through theological refl ection, for the fi rst

time, to Christianize Manau Dance from the perspective of

contextual theology. Since that time Manau Dance became a

popular program, and it had been a well-known performance

at every religious occasion as a way of expressing thanks to

God. In such case Christian leaders viewed that it would be

unnecessary to get permission from our traditional nats in or-

der to celebrate Manau Dance; and it is unbiblical as well as

not being theological to interview traditional ats through me-

diums of their spirits with the assumption that those traditional

nats were supposed to be the owner of the Manau culture. Yet,

Kachin Christian still faces cultural as well as theological con-

fl ict whenever this Manau Dance would be celebrated in time

of Kachin State Day and in other special occasions.

To put it more clearly, I would say that the inclusion of

manau dance in social occasion on the part of Church activity

is alright as it has been understood by Church members prop-

erly from the cultural and theological perspective. However, it

still remains confl ict and confusion whenever manau celebra-

tion is presented at special occasion like kachin State Day, the

Union Day (celebration was done formally) or at a welcoming

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ceremony for both special national and International Guests.

At present situation, such kind of minor confusion and con-

fl ict between culture and practical theology seem unavoidable;

unavoidable does not mean “unbridgeable.” In other words,

the present Church leaders, particularly pastors, ministers and

deacons are more responsible in bridging this gap between tra-

ditional culture and Christian faith in relation to Manau dance

in future ministry.

Whatever the problem and confl ict we are facing now,

may be due to our lack of cultural education on the part of the

history of Manau Dance. Consequently, we have many parts

we need to improve on if our understanding of Kachin cultures

and traditional practices of the distant past from Christian per-

spective are to be understood in today settings.

This chapter is trying to re-evaluate the signifi cance of

our Kachin Manau Dance in a sense that the cultural role of

this Manau Dance involves a unifi cation of all Kachin ethnic

minorities as a way of sharing the spirit of comfort, equality,

freedom of life, justice and peace; the participants in a dance

express their faithfulness as well as their interdependence

among themselves.

This Manau Dance is also expressing the so-called,

Kachin philo-quest

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