ob groups+&+teams

8/8/2019 OB Groups+&+Teams

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GROUP DYNAMICSGROUP DYNAMICS

Prof. Susen VargheseProf. Susen Varghese


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SUB TOPICSSUB TOPICS GroupsGroups MeaningMeaning Types of GroupsTypes of Groups Reasons people join groupsReasons people join groups

Five Stage Group Development ModelFive Stage Group Development Model Strengths & Weaknesses of GroupsStrengths & Weaknesses of Groups CommitteesCommittees TeamsTeams

Difference between Groups & TeamsDifference between Groups & Teams Team Effectiveness ModelTeam Effectiveness Model BrainstormingBrainstorming Guidelines for ParticipantsGuidelines for Participants Stages of Problem SolvingStages of Problem Solving


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TYPES OF GROUPSTYPES OF GROUPS

Groups can be either formal or informal.Groups can be either formal or informal.

Formal groups are those defined by theFormal groups are those defined by the

organizations structure, with designated workorganizations structure, with designated workassignments establishing tasks.assignments establishing tasks.

Informal groups are alliances that are neitherInformal groups are alliances that are neitherformally structured nor organizationallyformally structured nor organizationallydetermined. These are natural formations indetermined. These are natural formations inthe work environment that appear in responsethe work environment that appear in responseto the need for social contact.to the need for social contact.


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Formal Groups:Formal Groups:

Command Group: A group composed ofCommand Group: A group composed of

the individuals who report directly to athe individuals who report directly to agiven manager. Eg. School Principal andgiven manager. Eg. School Principal andher group of teachers.her group of teachers.

Task Group: Those working together toTask Group: Those working together tocomplete a job task. Eg. Arrangement ofcomplete a job task. Eg. Arrangement ofseminars and talks in colleges.seminars and talks in colleges.


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Informal Groups:Informal Groups:

Interest groups: Those working together to attain aInterest groups: Those working together to attain aspecific objective with which each is concerned. Eg.specific objective with which each is concerned. Eg.Employees getting together to sanction holidays, toEmployees getting together to sanction holidays, toseek improved work conditions or supporting a peerseek improved work conditions or supporting a peerwho has been fired.who has been fired.

Friendship Group: Those brought together becauseFriendship Group: Those brought together becausethey share one or more common characteristics. Eg.they share one or more common characteristics. Eg.Social alliances which frequently extend outside theSocial alliances which frequently extend outside thework situation, many times based on similar age orwork situation, many times based on similar age or

ethnic heritage.ethnic heritage.


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Why People Join GroupsWhy People Join Groups

Security

Status

Self-esteem

Affiliation

Power

Goal Achievement

E X H I B I T 81E X H I B I T 81


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Stages of Group DevelopmentStages of Group Development

E X H I B I T 82E X H I B I T 82


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TUCKMANS FIVE STAGE

GROUP DEVELOPMENT MODEL1.FORMING STAGE The first stage in group development,characterized by much uncertainty.

2.STORMING STAGE - The second stage in group development,

characterized by intragroup conflict.

3.NORMING STAGE - The third stage in group development,characterized by close relationship and cohesiveness.

4.PERFORMING STAGE - The fourth stage in groupdevelopment, when the group is fully functional.

5.ADJOURNING STAGE Final stage for temporary groups,characterized by concern with wrapping up activities rather

than task performance


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STRENGTHS OF GROUPSSTRENGTHS OF GROUPS

Generates more complete informationGenerates more complete information

Offers increased diversity of viewsOffers increased diversity of views

Group generate higher quality decisionsGroup generate higher quality decisionsi.e. Overall acceptance of solutionsi.e. Overall acceptance of solutions

It encourages those who participates inIt encourages those who participates in

making a decision.making a decision.


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WEAKNESSES OF GROUPSWEAKNESSES OF GROUPS

Time consumingTime consuming

Conformity pressure in the groupConformity pressure in the group

Group decisions can be dominated by oneGroup decisions can be dominated by oneor two members & there is a risk of theor two members & there is a risk of thegroup suffering from ambiguousgroup suffering from ambiguousresponsibilityresponsibility

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CommitteeCommittee

A group of people officially delegated to performA group of people officially delegated to performa function, such as investigating, considering,a function, such as investigating, considering,reporting, or acting on a matter.reporting, or acting on a matter.

In general: group that meets regularly forIn general: group that meets regularly fordiscussion and decision making.discussion and decision making.

Government: group appointed to investigateGovernment: group appointed to investigate

some special matter or area of interest andsome special matter or area of interest andreport its findings and recommendations.report its findings and recommendations.


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TEAMTEAM

This is a type of group which generatesThis is a type of group which generatespositive synergy through coordinatedpositive synergy through coordinatedeffort. Their individual efforts results in aeffort. Their individual efforts results in alevel of performance that is greater thanlevel of performance that is greater thanthe sum of those individual inputs.the sum of those individual inputs.


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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GROUPSDIFFERENCE BETWEEN GROUPS

AND TEAMSAND TEAMS

GOALGOAL

SHARE INFO COLLECTIVE PERFSHARE INFO COLLECTIVE PERF

SYNERGYSYNERGY

NEUTRAL(SOMETIMES POSITIVENEUTRAL(SOMETIMES POSITIVE

NEGATIVE)NEGATIVE)

ACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTABILITY

INDIVIDUAL IND & MUTUALINDIVIDUAL IND & MUTUAL

SKILLSSKILLS

RANDOM & VARIED COMPLEMENTARYRANDOM & VARIED COMPLEMENTARY


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TEAM EFFECTIVENESS MODELTEAM EFFECTIVENESS MODEL

In order for teams to be effective theIn order for teams to be effective thefollowing factors need to be in place.following factors need to be in place.

Work designWork design1.1. AutonomyAutonomy

2.2. Skill varietySkill variety

3.3. Task identityTask identity4.4. Task significanceTask significance


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CompositionComposition

1.1. AbilityAbility

2.2. PersonalityPersonality3.3. Roles and diversityRoles and diversity

4.4. SizeSize

5.5. FlexibilityFlexibility6.6. Preference for teamworkPreference for teamwork


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ContextContext

1.1. Adequate resourcesAdequate resources

2.2. LeadershipLeadership3.3. Climate of trustClimate of trust

4.4. Performance evaluation and rewardsPerformance evaluation and rewards


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ProcessProcess

1.1. Common purposeCommon purpose

2.2. Specific goalsSpecific goals3.3. Team efficacyTeam efficacy

4.4. ConflictConflict

5.5. Social loafingSocial loafing------------------------


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BRAINSTORMINGBRAINSTORMINGA method of shared problem solving in which allA method of shared problem solving in which all

members of a group spontaneously contribute ideas.members of a group spontaneously contribute ideas.

A similar process undertaken by a person to solve aA similar process undertaken by a person to solve aproblem by rapidly generating a variety of possibleproblem by rapidly generating a variety of possiblesolutions.solutions.

A problemA problem--solving technique that involves creating asolving technique that involves creating alist that includes a wide variety of related ideas.list that includes a wide variety of related ideas.

Brainstorming is an informal way of generating topicsBrainstorming is an informal way of generating topicsto write about, or points to make about your topic.to write about, or points to make about your topic.


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GUIDELINES FOR PARTICIPANTSGUIDELINES FOR PARTICIPANTS

OF BRAINSTORMING SESSIONSOF BRAINSTORMING SESSIONS Generate as many ideas as possible.Generate as many ideas as possible.

Be creative, freewheeling and imaginative.Be creative, freewheeling and imaginative.

Build upon (piggybank), extend orBuild upon (piggybank), extend orcombine earlier ideas.combine earlier ideas.

Withhold criticism of others ideas.Withhold criticism of others ideas.

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