NUCLEAR INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA TODAY AND TOMORROW

S.I. ANTIPOV

NUCLEAR SOCIETY OF RUSSIA

15-th Conference of the Pacific Nuclear Society

October 15-20, 2006

2

Rosatom today

Fundamental scienceand education

Fundamental scienceand education

ConstructionConstruction Construction abroadand export

Construction abroadand export

Design institutesDesign institutes

Fuel cycle enterprisesFuel cycle enterprisesNuclear industryNuclear industry

3

Technical science and general education

More than 50 scientific institutions, 10 industrial educational organizations, including:

• 6 state science centers

• 2 federal nuclear centers

Perspective developments in the area of fundamental and extreme features of the substance

Research and developments of the perspective power technologies based on the atom nucleus energy

Application research aimed at the improvement of the economic features, safety and reliability of the developed nuclear energy facilities and the fuel cycle technologies

Scientific research aimed at the identification of the «growth points» and targeted at the innovative development beyond the industry tasks

Training of the high qualification specialists

Training, continuous training and qualification improvement

Main areas

4

DESIGN

There are more than 30 design, development, technological, research organizations provide:

Development and elaboration of modern designs for NPPs and nuclear fuel facilities

Designs follow-up of the the operating Russian NPPs

Design follow-up during construction of the NPPs abroad

5

Nuclear fuel cycle

Mining

ReprocessingNF

manufacturing

NW and SNFmanagement

Availability of the national technology from the uranium mining to the nuclear fuel manufacturing

The NFC enterprises provide nuclear fuel for 31 NPP units in Russia and approximately same number of the NPPs abroad.

6

Construction (today)

Construction of new nuclearpower industry facilities

Construction of the nuclear fuel cyclefacilities for NW and SNF management

Upgrading and modernizationassociated with the NPP lifetime extension

7

NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA

8

Nuclear power industry

BELOYARSK

BALAKOVO

KURSK

KALININ

KOLSK

LENINGRAD

SMOLENSK

BILIBINO

VOLGODONSK

NUMBER OF UNITS

VVER-440 – 6VVER-1000 – 9RBMK-1000 – 11BN-600 – 1EGP-6 – 4

TOTAL – 31

NOVOVORONEZH

Rosenergoatom – a state power company performing the functions of an operating utility and managing 10 NPPs of 23,2 GW of installed capacity

9

Dynamics of the capacity growth in the former USSR and Russia

It was planned in the former USSR by 2000 to construct up to 72 GW of the installed nuclear power capacities

The consequences of the Chernobyl accident led to submission and later on to elimination of the nuclear construction program in the country

The first, after over than 10 years of «stagnation»,unit 1 of Rostov NPP was started up in 2001.

Nowadays the installed capacity of the operating NPPs in Russia is

23,2 GW

On June 27, 1954 the world commercial nuclear power plant was started and connected to the grid in Obninsk with capacity of

5 thousand kW

10

NPPs of Rosenergoatom

Белоярская АЭС

Балаковская АЭС

Нововоронежская АЭС

Курская АЭС

Калининская АЭС

Кольская АЭСЛенинградская АЭС

Смоленская АЭС

Билибинская АЭС

ВВЭР-1000

ВВЭР-440

БН-600

ЭГП-6

РБМК-1000

Волгодонская

Novovoronezh

Volgodonsk

Balakovo

SmolenskKursk

Kalinin

LeningradKola

Beloyarsk

Bilibino

RBMK-1000

VVER-1000

VVER-440

BN-600

EGP-6

11

Electricity generation at Russian NPPs in 1992-2005

(forecast for 2006-2010)

99,3

119,2

108,8 108,3

120,0134,9

139,8

147,6

143,0

119,6

97,8 103,5

128,9

148,6 150,9155,7

157,7

159,3

169,8

90

120

150

180

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

kW-h

rs. b

ln.

Fact Forecast

Start up of Volgodonsk 1

Start up of Balakovo 4

In 2004 Kalinin 3 was connected to

the grid

It is scheduled to start up Kalinin 4

It is scheduled to start up

Volgodonsk 2

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Load and availability factors of Russian NPPs in 1992-2005

(forecast for 2006-2010)

73,473,271,7

70,369,1

64,5

58,2

58,3

53,4

64,9

67,376,3

52,655,6

80,077,2

78,276,574,1

78,9

75,473,7

73,2

67,5

61,4

63,0763,2

75,877,8

82

84,285,3

84,583,7

50

60

70

80

90

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

%

Fact Forecast Availability factor Availability factor without upgrading

13

Trend of operational events at Russian NPPs in 1992-2005

32 299 00210424324

4044

165

130

119

97

81 76

9886

65 67

3745

40444738

6769

88102

7983

101

128

159

197

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Safety significant Other

Total Adoption of new event accounting

rules in 1998

14

Trend of the reactor scrams in Russia and worldwide (according to WANO methodology) in

1992-2005

0,2

0,5

0,3

0,40,40,40,4

1,1

1,8

0,5 0,460,37 0,38

0,20

1,7 1,4

1,1

1,0

1,1

0,90,7 0,7

0,6

0,9

0,7 0,70,6

0,7

0

1

2

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Scr

ams

for

7000

hrs

. of

the

un

it o

per

atio

n

Russia Worldwide

15

Collective irradiation doses at NPPs(man.Sv/unit)

1,741,6 1,66

1,49

1,21,3

1,21,1

0,9 0,9 0,9

0,70,8

0,70,6

0,76

2,75

1,4

2,73

2,13

1,82 1,77

0,91,02

1,71

1,08 1,11

0,8

1,1

0,6

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

1990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005

man-S

ievert

s p

er

unit

WANO Worldwide

Russian NPPs

16

Perspectives of nuclear power industry and nuclear industry

development in Russia

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Main legislative documents

1. «Program of nuclear power industry development in the Russian Federation», approved by the President of the Russian Federation

2. «Plan of the first priority activities» for implementation of «Program of nuclear industry development in the Russian Federation»

3. Federal target-oriented program «Development of nuclear power industry of Russia in 2007-2010 and for the perspective up to 2015», approved by the Government of the Russian Federation

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Interaction of the state and commercial entities in the construction of the NPP

NPP General

Designer

Reactor General

Designer

Scientific Leader

Design institut

es

Design bureaus, reactor design

institutes

Technical star-up

manager

ROSENERGOATOMOperating utility

Generation

NPPs

Maintenance

Specialized

companies

Scientific support

Нresearch instities

ROSTECHNADZOR

NPP construction

and installation companies

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Construction and commissioning of the new NPP units

Rostov NPP, unit 2,VVER-1000

Beloyarsk NPP, unit 4BN-800(880)

Kalinin NPP, unit 4VVER-1000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020KA

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Installed capacity by 2020 – up to 40 GW

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20

NEAR FUTURE OBJECTIVES

Improvement of the economical efficiency in production of electrical and thermal energy under condition of safe NPP operation

Elaboration and demonstration of the improved technologies in electricity production, closing of the nuclear fuel cycle

VVER-1500 (1600)

KLT-40С

Development of regional nuclear industry for production of heat and electricity, fresh water on the basis of small capacity reactor installations for North or South regions

BN-800 (880)

880930

1215

11101015

210230

~160 180129

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

21

GROWTH OF THE GENERATING CAPACITIES

TW-hr./year

Power industry

NPPs

Share of the NPPs15% 16% 18% 20% 21%

22

TASKS FOR THE INDUSTRY AND CONSTRUCTION COMPLEX

Orientation of the energy machine-building facilities for manufacturing minimum 2 sets of equipment annually for the internal market of Russia

Restoration of the construction complex to ensure erecting minimum 15 nuclear power units at several sites with the pace of commissioning at least 2 NPP units annually starting with 2012

Restoration of the training system for construction and installation personnel

Installation of the advanced construction and installation technologies with the purpose to improve the construction quality, minimize the duration and decrease the costs

Development of the construction management program to address the simultaneous construction of 15 NPP units at the territory of the Russian Federation

23

PERSPECTIVE AREAS IN SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH COMPLEX OF ROSATOM

The Russian science did not make a mistake in the selection of the strategic direction for development of the nuclear industry

The main tasks:

In the fuel supply

• transition from U-235 to U-238 and Th-232, which allows to receive practically unlimited stores of the raw materials

• Closing of the fuel cycle

– Testing of the technology of water chemical treatment for SNF from the uranium reactors with separation of the Plutonium and packet of the high-active waste

- Demonstration of the pellet-type and vibration-packed uranium-plutonium fuel for BN reactors

- Commencement of the design and development activities in the areas of nitride fuel, dry NW reprocessing, young actinides transmutation etc.

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Main tasks:

In the reactor installations

• next generation of VVER-1100-1200; VVER-1500-1600

• next technological step BN-800 (880) and try-out of the production technologies

• closing of the uranium-plutonium fuel cycle

•Design and development activities (at different stages)

- designs of BN-1800, BN-GT and fast reactors with heavy metal coolant SVBR, BREST

- other perspective scientific developments

PERSPECTIVE AREAS IN SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH COMPLEX OF ROSATOM

THANKS FOR

YOUR ATTENTION