priority programs of the nuclear power industry branch of russia
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Priority Programs of the Nuclear Power Industry Branch of Russia. Vladimir Asmolov 17 th Symposium of AER on VVER Reactor Physics and Reactor Safety 24-28 September, 2007, Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine. Nuclear power of Russia at the beginning of XXI century 2006 – 154 . 7 Bln kWh. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Priority Programs Priority Programs of the Nuclear Power of the Nuclear Power
Industry Branch Industry Branch of Russiaof Russia
Vladimir Asmolov1717thth Symposium of AER Symposium of AER
on VVER Reactor Physics and Reactor Safetyon VVER Reactor Physics and Reactor Safety
24-28 September, 2007, Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine24-28 September, 2007, Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine
Beloyarsk NPP
Balakovo NPP
Novovoronezh NPP
Kursk NPP
Kalinin NPP
Kola NPPLeningrad NPP
Smolensk NPP
Bilibino NPP
VVER -1000
VVER-440
BN-600
EGL-6
RBMK-1000
Volgodonsk NPP
Nuclear power of RussiaNuclear power of Russiaat the beginning of XXI centuryat the beginning of XXI century
2006 – 1542006 – 154..7 7 Bln kWhBln kWh
1010 NPPs, 3131 units, Ncapacity=2324223242 MW
Government and public request forthe accelerated development of nuclear power
External boundary conditions:● Irregularity in the distribution of global organic fuel
resources● Growth of consumption in the world energy market
Design requirements:● guaranteed guaranteed safetysafety● cost-effectivenesscost-effectiveness● completeness of nuclear fuel cyclecompleteness of nuclear fuel cycle::
management of spent fuel and management of spent fuel and radioactive wastesradioactive wastes
fuel breedingfuel breeding
The second birth of nuclear power -The second birth of nuclear power -implementation of objectiveimplementation of objective capabilities of capabilities of
nuclear powernuclear power
Near-term strategy for development Near-term strategy for development of nuclear power industry in Russia of nuclear power industry in Russia
(till (till 2020)2020)• Implementation of the energy strategy of Russia based on
proved thermal neutron reactor technologies:– Growth of efficiency of existing NPPs (renovation and
plant life extension);– construction of NPPs with the VVER-type reactors of
high, average and low capacity: NPP-2006 (1200, 1500) Super VVER NPPs for the regional nuclear power supply
• Start up of the program on closing of a nuclear fuel cycle in uranium and plutonium
• The employment of nuclear power sources to expand sales markets (district heating, production of new energy carriers, water desalination)
Nuclear technologies forNuclear technologies for different purposesdifferent purposes
Technology Purpose
Water cooled thermalreactors
1. Electricity generation and expansion of installed capacities
2. Combined generation of electricity and heat
3. Regional nuclear power supply
High temperature reactors
1. High-grade heat2. New energy carriers
Fast reactors
Transition to the qualitatively new level:
– in fuel employment– in radioactive waste and spent fuel management
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKSThermThermal reactorsal reactors
Objectives Contents of works
1. Efficiency improvement for operational NPPs with VVER and RBMK reactorsProgram of operational NPPs upgrading for 2007 – 2012
● Activities aimed at the increase of power, capacity factor, fuel burnup, manoeuvring capabilities;
● Justification of the life-time extension based on the in-depth safety analysis
The program implementation is equivalent to the commissioning of 4
power units of NPP-2006 by 2012
The program implementation is equivalent to the commissioning of 4
power units of NPP-2006 by 2012
Actions to improve efficiency of Actions to improve efficiency of existing NPPsexisting NPPs
ActionsNumber of
power unitsPower gain,
MW (e)
Efficiency increase in turbines of NPPs with RBMK reactors due to the replacement of the turbine CLP blades and bafflers (4th and 5th stages) 11 332
Efficiency increase in turbines of VVER and RBMK power units due to the renovation of separators-superheaters 19 142
Introduction of systems for ball cleaning of condensers 4 42
Increase of thermal power of RBMK power units by 5% 10 500
Increase of thermal power of VVER-1000 power units by 4% 8 320
Increase of thermal power of VVER-440/B-213 power units by 7% 2 61
Transfer to the 18-month fuel cycle at NPPs with VVER-1000 8 244
RBMK renovation with TC replacement and transfer to 2-year overhaul 11 904
By 2012, the equivalent installed power gain will be By 2012, the equivalent installed power gain will be ~ ~ 40400000 MWMW
CAPACITY FACTOR OF NPPs CAPACITY FACTOR OF NPPs IN RUSSIAIN RUSSIA
CAPACITY FACTOR OF NPPs CAPACITY FACTOR OF NPPs IN RUSSIAIN RUSSIA
67.364.9
52.6 53.4
58.3 58.2
55.6
64.5
69.170.3
71.7
76.3
73.2 73.4
76.0
50
60
70
80
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
%
Objectives Contents of worksFederal program
2. Increase of investment effectiveness on developing NPP new projects due to:
Efficiency increase; Improvement of fuel
cycles; Increase of unit power; Reduction of
construction terms; Reduction of material
consumption
● Development and implementation of the NPP-2006 /1200 design;
● Development of the NPP- 2006 /1500 design as the variant;
● Development of NPP designs with reactors of low and average power
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKSThermal reactorsThermal reactors
The Federal program The Federal program objective characteristicsobjective characteristics
Characteristic 2006 2010 2015 2020
NPP installed capacity, GW 23.2 24.2 33.0 41.0
Electricity generation, TW•hour/year 154.7 170.3 224.0 300.0
Nuclear electricity fraction in the total scope of electricity generation in Russia, %
16.0 16.0 18.6 20-23
Reduction of operating costs (by the level of 2006), % 100 90 80 70
Reduction of per unit investments, % 100 90 85 70
NPPNPP20062006
Guaranteed safetyGuaranteed safety
Economic advisabilityEconomic advisability
• The thermal power increase up to 3200 МW(t) and improvement of a power unit efficiency up to 36.2%: - elimination of excessive conservatism; - improvement of a steam-turbine unit efficiency; - pressure increase in the secondary circuit; - reduction of pressure losses in steam lines.
• Improvement of economic efficiency: - diminishing of material consumption; - shortening of the construction period; - optimization of passive and active safety systems; - unification of equipment.
Ways for implementationWays for implementationof the NPP-2006 design goalsof the NPP-2006 design goals
Comparative characteristicsComparative characteristicsof NPPs with VVERof NPPs with VVER-1000 -1000 andand
NPPNPP-2006-2006
CharacteristicNPPs with VVER-1000 NPP-2006
Alteration,%
Electric power, MW 1000 1150 + 15.0Yearly output,bln. kWh 7.5 9.0 + 20.0
NPP life time (designed), year 30 50 + 67.0Specific materials consumption,relative units
1.00 0.85 - 15.0
Investments per unit, relative units 1.00 0.80 - 20.0
Spent fuel volume (in the form of fuel assemblies), t/bln. kWh 5.5 3.5 - 35.0
««The road mapThe road map» » up to 2020up to 2020
Objectives Contents of works
3. Further development of the VVER technology
Development and implementation of technical requirements on the VVER innovation project (super VVER) with fundamentally new characteristics in:
- economics, - operational characteristics, - safety ensuring, - fuel breeding.
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKSThermal reactorsThermal reactors
Evolutionary approach – Evolutionary approach –
NPPNPP-2006-2006● Elimination of conservatism● Efficiency improvement● Burn-up increase● Quality provision program
Revolutionary – Evolutionary approach SUPER VVER
Maximum possible simplification with implementation of passive systems based on the considerable reassessment of existing engineering solutions
▬ Efficiency improvement up to 40 % and higher;▬ A gain factor increase; ▬ Material consumption drastic reduction;▬ Prefabrication of large modules;▬ Drastic reduction of the construction schedule time.
Super VVERSuper VVERАР-1000АР-1000
NPPNPP-2006-2006EPREPR-1600-1600
Super VVERSuper VVER
Objectives Contents of works
New technological platform
Preparation for the implementation of the concept of closing the fuel cycle in uranium and plutonium
● Development of requirements on fast reactors (fuel breeding, time for the outer fuel cycle in plutonium, safety, economics, staging, implementation terms);
● Development of the commercial fast reactor design with sodium coolant;
● Development of technical proposals On nuclear fuel cycle pressing
problems and technologies; On spent fuel management; On fast gas-cooled reactors; On fast reactors with heavy metal
coolant
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKSFast reactorsFast reactors
Analysis of the current status of Analysis of the current status of fast reactor different technologiesfast reactor different technologies
1. Fast reactors with sodium coolant
Operability and safety were demonstrated
2. Fast reactors with heavy metal coolants
There is a basis for the continuation of development to obtain a practical evidence of efficiency in the head-end (lead – bismuth) and test (lead) facilities
3. Fast gas- and steam-cooled reactors
At the level of concept studies
Development of a closed nuclear fuel cycle technology for the near-term prospect up to
2020
Development of a closed nuclear fuel cycle technology for the near-term prospect up to
2020
2005 2010 2015 2020
Establishing of a pilot production - pellet fuel,of mixed fuel and fabrication of - vibration compacted fuel ?the first loading for BN-800
Construction and start-up of the pilot BN-800 reactor with mixed U-Pu fuel
Commercial NPP with sodium breeder - pattern, characteristics, development of a detailed design construction - power rank ?
Construction of industrial mixed fuel of which fuel ? production and a fuel regenerating plant method of fuel regeneration? R&D work, detailed design construction
Reactors with heavy metal, gas coolant(SVBR, BREST) or others to prove the theoremR&D work, decision on implementation of existence ?
New technology platformNew technology platformNew technology platformNew technology platform
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKS
Objectives Contents of works
Development of the long-term development strategy
● Modeling of nuclear power development based on the assessment of innovation priority directions (time limits, scales, technical requirements);
● Assessment and prediction of neutron effectiveness of fuel available in sight;
● Preparation of proposals on the optimum transfer to the uranium-thorium fuel cycle
Strategic studies of nuclear power Strategic studies of nuclear power developmentdevelopment
Strategic studies of nuclear power Strategic studies of nuclear power developmentdevelopment
PRIORITY TASKSPRIORITY TASKS
ObjectivesObjectives Contents of worksContents of works
Resolution of backlog and expected problems in radioactive wastes and spent fuel management and in decommissioning of nuclear fuel cycle facilities
● Infrastructure establishment;
● Development of technologies and basic establishments for RAW and WNF management;
● Remediation of contaminated territories, buildings, constructions;
● Development of control systems;
● Development of equipment and devices to ensure radiation safety for the personnel and population
According to Federal program According to Federal program ““Nuclear and radiation safety”Nuclear and radiation safety”According to Federal program According to Federal program ““Nuclear and radiation safety”Nuclear and radiation safety”
Matrix of key programs and theirMatrix of key programs and theirresource provisionresource provision
Matrix of key programs and theirMatrix of key programs and theirresource provisionresource provision
Knowledge(science intensive R&D work)
Engineering solutions (applied R&D work, equipment, diagnostics, devices, control systems)
Technologies
Infrastructure
Personnel
Nuclear power
programs
NPP-2006, efficiency
improvement at existing NPPs
Regional nuclear power
Super VVERNuclear and
radiation safety program
Newtechnological
platform
Resources: