Normal Structure & Function of Musculoskeletal Tissues

Normal Structure & Function of Musculoskeletal TissuesSalter readingBy Dina Aprilya1

2 points of view9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com2Rigid FrameworkLever for the Locomotor systemProtection for visceraHaemopoetic tissueHomeostasis of Mineral2Embryonic development of bones9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com339/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com4

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The hyaline cartilage model9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com75th week 6th weekMesenchymal ModelCartilaginous Model7Calcification of the cartilage7th weekHypertrophy cartilageCalsification of matrixDead cartilage cellsVascular CT bringing osteoblast

9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com7intramembranosus ossification increase bone diameter.

8Medullary cavity develops

6th month Tubulation Medullary Cavity

Newborn epyfisisendochondral ossification 9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com9

secondary ossificationcentre9Bone growth & Remodelling9/16/201310dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.comBone growth in Length

9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com11Attach epiphysis to epiphysial plate,

immature cells,rich vascular

Most activeHypertrophy, produce posphate

Calsification matrix, dead chondrocytes

Bone growth in widthAppositional growthIntramembranososus Ossification periosteumOsteoclastic resorption endoosteum

9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com12Bone remodelling

9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com13Subtitution of bone tissueContinuing process of oosteoblastic bone deposition n osteoclastic bone resorption13Wollfs Law : Form Follow The Function9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com14In response to physical stress14Anatomy and histology of bones as structures9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com15Gross StructureLong bone (tubular bone)Short bone (cuboidal bone)Flat bone

Each bone..CompactaSpongiosa 9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com16Blood supplyAfferentEfferentIntermediate

Blood Flow: centrifugal pattern9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com17Histological structureImmature boneMature Bone9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com18

Bone Cells and Their Function9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com19

Biochemistry and physiology of bone as an organ9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com209/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com21Bone cells and matrixMineralswaterCalcium and Phosphorus Metabolism9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com22Bone is the reservoir of 99% of the total body Calcium and 90% of the total body phosphorus

Ca10(PO4)6(OH)29/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com23Hydroxyapatite9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com24

Hormonal regulationHormoneTriggerRegulationEffectPTHHypocalcemia-Bone Reabsorption-stimulate Ca Resorption by renal tubule- Inhibit renal tubule phosphate resorption plasma Ca plasma PCalcitoninHypercalcemiaDecrease bone resorption plasma CaVit D active(1,25-Dihydroxy-calciferol)HypocalcemiaHypophosphatemiaPTHintestinal absorption Ca and Pmobilization of Carenal tubular reabsorption of CaStimulate Ca binding protein synthesis in intestinal mucosa cellsDeposition of minerals in osteoidplasma Ca9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com25JOINTS AND ARTICULAR CARTILAGE9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com26Classification9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com27Anatomical structure9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com28

The synovial membrane9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com29TERIMA KASIH9/16/2013dina.cia.aprilya@gmail.com30