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More informa�on is available upon request from Interior Health’s Strategic Informa�on Department. Inquiries and comments should be addressed to:

Glenn Kissmann, Corporate Director Strategic Informa�on glenn.kissmann@interiorhealth.ca or 1-250-469-7070 Ext. 12659.

Local Health Area Profile 2019This profile provides an overview of the Nelson Local Health Area population in the areas of:

Population Health | Health & Social Status | Acute Care| Home & Community Care | Health Characteristics

The health indicators provided within this document are based on a conceptual framework developed by the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). This framework reflects the principle that health is not determined solely by medical care, but by a range of individual and population, social, and economic factors.

The Interior Health Strategic Information Department produces a number of utilization and service reports. In addition to this Local Health Area Profile (LHA), 1) Health Service Delivery Area (HSDA), 2) Interior Health Authority, and 3) Facility profiles can be found on the Interior Health website at:

www.interiorhealth.ca/AboutUs/QuickFacts/PopulationLocalAreaProfiles/Pages/default.aspx

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Population Health

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Population Health statistics provide information about past, present, and future demographics, with breakdowns by age, sex, and geographic region. These indicators include population counts, growth rates and densities, as well as vital statistics relating to births and deaths.

Nelson

Trail

Castlegar

Grand Forks

Arrow Lakes

Kettle Valley

Kootenay Lake

27,136

20,404

14,590

9,047

4,786

3,591

3,379

Table 1: Population Density, 2019

Figure 1: Population by Local Health Area in the Kootenay Boundary HSDA, 2019

Table 2: Projected Population Growth, 2019 - 2024

Table 3: Life Expectancy, 2015 - 2019

Table 1: Popula�on density represents the number of people living

within one square kilometre. Lower densi�es indicate more rural areas

which typically have lesser access to health services, while those living

in urbanized areas with higher popula�on densi�es typically have

greater access to health services. The Interior Health popula�on

density is 4 people per Sq. Km.

Source: Summary Sta�s�cs, PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

Table 2: Popula�on growth rates project the change in size of each

age group over the next five years. These projec�ons reflect a

forecas�ng model that accounts for the trends in migra�on,

employment, and past popula�on change.

Source: PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

Figure 1: This graph compares Local Health Area Popula�ons within the Kootenay Boundary Health Service Delivery Area.

Source: PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

23%

All Ages 5.7%

38%

12%

65+

75+

85+

Population

4,813

6

27,136

Area (Sq. Km)

Pop. Density per Sq. Km

Nelson

British Columbia 838085

83 79 81

Male Average Female

Table 3: Life expectancy can be viewed as a gauge of popula�on health. It measures average lifespan from birth, of persons currently residing in a

par�cular health region. In some cases, N/A values indicate limited data availability due to small popula�ons.

Source: Demography and Popula�on Sta�s�cs, BC Stats, March 2020

N/AN/AN/A

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Arrow Lakes

Castlegar

Grand Forks

Kettle Valley

Kootenay Lake

Nelson

Trail

84

83

84

84

85

81

84

Arrow Lakes

Castlegar

Grand Forks

Kettle Valley

Kootenay Lake

Nelson

Trail

59

45

58

60

58

45

47

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Year

Perc

ent o

f Pop

ulat

ion

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040

Figure 2: Age Demographic Trends, 1991 - 2041

Ages 0 - 17

Ages 18 - 44

Ages 45 - 64

Ages 65+

BC: 42

Figure 3: Median Age and Median Age at Death, 2018

BC: 80

Median Age Median Age at Death

Figure 3: Median age (MA) and median age at death (MAD) indicate the age of a popula�on compared to life expectancy in Local Health Areas. For BC

in 2018, the MA was 42 and the MAD was 80. Median age at death varies by up to seven years depending on place of residence. This could be due to

dispari�es in health, social, and economic condi�ons.

Source: Summary Sta�s�cs, PEOPLE 2018, BC Stats

Population HealthPopulation Health information comes from Population Extrapolation for Organizational Planning with Less Error (PEOPLE), provided by BC Stats. This information includes estimates of past populations (1976 - 2018) and projections for the future populations (2019 - 2041) based on migration, employment, and growth trends.

Figure 2: Demographic trends over 50 years es�mate (1991-2018) and project (2019-2041) the fluctua�on of age groups within a popula�on. Overall

trends across Interior Health indicate a growth in the popula�on ages 65+ and a decline in the popula�on under age 45 between 1991 and 2041.

Source: PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

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1.0%

1.2%

1.9%

2.7%

4.8%

6.7%

8.2%

7.9%

6.8%

7.6%

7.8%

8.1%

6.7%

5.4%

4.5%

4.5%

5.2%

5.0%

4.1%

0.4%

1.0%

1.5%

2.5%

5.4%

7.9%

7.3%

7.9%

6.0%

7.7%

8.0%

6.8%

6.8%

5.7%

5.1%

5.9%

4.9%

4.8%

4.2%

90+

85-89

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Figure 4: SMR by Cause of Death, 2011 - 2015

Motor Vehicle Accidents

Unintentional Falls

Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke

Alcohol-Related Deaths

Circulatory System

Ischaemic Heart Disease

Suicide

Diabetes Mellitus

Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional

Lung Cancer

All Cancer Sites

All Causes of Death

Smoking-Attributable Deaths

Chronic Lung Disease

Digestive System

Arteries/Arterioles/Capillaries

Drug-Induced Deaths

Medically Treatable Disease

Respiratory System

Inf luenza and Pneumonia

2.2

2.1

1.7

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.3

Figure 6: Popula�on pyramids are

commonly used by demographers to

iden�fy the age and gender make-up

of a popula�on. A pyramid with a

wide base indicates a younger

popula�on, while a top heavy

pyramid indicates an aging

popula�on with a longer life

expectancy. The la�er is becoming

more common in developed na�ons

with highly educated popula�ons.

Source: PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

Figure 4: Standardized Mortality Ra�o (SMR) compares the number of

deaths that occurred in a geographic region to the expected number

of deaths in that region, based on provincial age specific mortality

rates. Rates greater than 1 indicate more deaths than expected,

while rates less than 1 indicate less deaths than expected.

Source: Table B - Mortality Sta�s�cs by Local Health Area, Bri�sh

Columbia 2011 - 2015, Annual Report 2015, BC Vital Sta�s�cs Agency

Figure 6: Population Pyramid, 2019

Female Male

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Figure 5: The propor�on of children with up-to-date immuniza�ons at

2 years of age. For details visits: h�p://www.bccdc.ca/health-

professionals/data-reports/childhood-immuniza�on-coverage-

dashboard.

Source: Panorama, BC Centre for Disease Control

Figure 5: Up-to-date Immunizations at 2 Years, 2019

55%

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Table 4: Vulnerable Kindergarten Aged Children, 2011 - 2019

Table 4: The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is a ques�onnaire that measures the vulnerability of kindergarten aged children across five

domains including: Physical Health & Well Being, Social Competence, Emo�onal Maturity, Language & Cogni�ve Ability, and Communica�on Skills &

General Knowledge. Vulnerable kindergarten aged children refers to the propor�on of children who are iden�fied as vulnerable in one or more

domain(s). The EDI is reported in mul�-year waves between 2004 and 2019.

Source: Early Development Instrument, Human Early Learning Partnership, University of Bri�sh Columbia, Waves 5 - 7, 2011 - 2019

Health & Social StatusHealth & Social Status provides a snapshot of indicators that reflect health and environmental conditions experienced by people across Interior Health. Some key indicators measure early childhood vulnerabilities, low birth weight, and chronic disease prevalence which represents a growing economic and health care concern.

Interior Health

British Columbia

Nelson

Wave 52011 - 2013

Wave 62013 - 2016

Wave 72016 - 2019

33% 32% 33%

30% 30% 32%

25% 32% 31%

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

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ealth

Britis

h Co

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bia

A lzh./Dem. (40+) Asthma COPD (45+ Years) Depression Diabetes Heart Failure Mood/Anxiety Dis.

1.8%

2.7%

2.5%

9.4% 12.6%

12.3%

6.4% 8.4%

5.8%

26.2%

29.7%

25.7%

5.9% 8.7%

9.2%

2.7%

3.0%

2.4%

30.7%

34.6%

31.4%

Figure 7: Chronic Disease Crude Prevalence Rates, 2017/18

Figure 7: Chronic diseases are long-term condi�ons that usually progress slowly over �me. The chronic diseases displayed above represents health

condi�ons affec�ng many Interior Health residents over one year of age unless indicated otherwise. As the Interior Health popula�on ages, the

prevalence of these diseases is expected to grow. The 2010 World Health Organiza�on (WHO) Global Status report on noncommunicable diseases

iden�fies primary risk factors including: tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, raised blood pressure, physical inac�vity, raised cholesterol, obesity,

unhealthy diet, and raised blood glucose levels. Alzh./Dem. (40+): Alzheimer's/Demen�a (40+). Mood/Anxiety Dis: Mood/Anxiety Disorder.

Source: Chronic Disease Registry, Ministry of Health, 2017/18

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Figure 8: Low Birth Weight per 1,000 Live Births, 2009 - 2015

Figure 8: Low birth weight per 1,000 live births measures newborns weighing less than 2500 grams over a five year period. Low birth weight is an

important indicator of mortality, morbidity, and disability in infancy and childhood. Risk factors associated with low birth weight include: socio-

economic disadvantage, poor health and nutri�on of women during pregnancy, smoking while pregnant, consump�on of drugs and alcohol while

pregnant, and experiencing abuse while pregnant.

Source: Table A - Summary Sta�s�cs by LHA, Bri�sh Columbia, Annual Report 2013, 2014 & 2015, BC Vital Sta�s�cs Agency

2009-2013

2010-2014

2011-2015

35

40

39

Nelson

2009-2013

2010-2014

2011-2015

57

57

58

British Columbia

Interior Health2009-2013

2010-2014

2011-2015

54

54

54

Acute CareAcute Care indicators measure the quality of health care with regards to health service access, efficiency, and utilization. These indicators are often expressed as age standardized rates per 1,000 population. Age standardization facilitates comparisons of health care service use across a variety of geographic regions and accounts for differences in age distribution between populations.

0

200

400

600

2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

558505486514532

Nelson Target:

Figure 9: Acute/Rehab Days per 1,000 Population, 2014/15 - 2018/19

Kootenay Lake

Kootenay Boundary Regional

Kelowna General

BC Hospitals Outside IH

Out-of-Province Hospitals

50%

30%

11%

6%

1%

Figure 10: Inpatient Referral Patterns by Hospital, 2018/19

Figure 9: The age standardized Acute/Rehab days rate per 1,000

popula�on and target rates indicate whether an LHA is performing as

expected. Rates above the target tell us that residents of a given LHA

used inpa�ents days at a higher rate than targeted.

Source: Health Ideas Summary Reports, Ministry of Health | PEOPLE

2019, BC Stats

Figure 10: Inpa�ent referral pa�erns iden�fy which hospitals

residents from a given LHA visit most frequently (newborns

excluded). The length of the horizontal bars show the propor�on

of inpa�ents who travel from Nelson to each facility or region.

Note that totals may not add up to 100 percent as only the most

common hospitals are shown.Source: Discharge Abstracts Database (DAD), Ministry of Health,

2018/19

525

525

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Figure 11: Age Standardized Utilization Rates per 1,000 Population, 2016/17 - 2018/19

Figure 11: Age standardized u�liza�on rates are used to compare health care service use across geographic regions with varying demographic

profiles. These rates adjust for differences in age breakdowns of each (newborns excluded). They represent rates that would be observed if the

region’s popula�on experienced the same age specific u�liza�on rates as the en�re province. Note that the ED visits rate is not age standardized and

includes unscheduled visits to all ED’s within a given LHA.

Source: Health Ideas Summary Reports, Ministry of Health | Admissions Universe| PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

514

486

505

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

11

13

13

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

481

472

478

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

223

153

192

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

96

90

98

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

4

3

4

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

99

102

108

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

26

26

28

Emergency Department Visits (Crude)

Acute/Rehab Days Rate

Surgical Daycare Cases

Alternate Level of Care Days

Inpatient Cases

Surgical Inpatient Cases

Cataract Surgical Cases

Hip and Knee Surgical Cases

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

Nels

on

Inte

rior H

ealth

Britis

h Co

lum

bia

2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

127

95 87

166

10188

223

10290

153

9683

192

10190

Figure 12: ALC Days per 1,000 Population, 2014/15 - 2018/19

Figure 12: Alternate Level of Care (ALC) refers to the �me that a pa�ent spends in hospital a�er their acute care needs have been met. These

pa�ents remain in hospital due to lack of other care op�ons. ALC days are an important measure of the appropriate use of acute care resources.

Source: Health Ideas Summary Reports, Ministry of Health | PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

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Home & Community CareHome & Community Care indicators represent Long-Term Care and Home Health services provided by Interior Health. Home & Community Care offers a variety of at-home and community services to people with acute, chronic, palliative or rehabilitative health care needs. Interior Health supports the philosophy: at home, with appropriate supports, is the best place to recover from illness and injury, manage chronic conditions, and live out final days.

Indicator Drilldown 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Adult Day Service Clients

Adult Day Service Days

Assisted Living Clients

Assisted Living Days

Home Support Clients

Home Support Hours

Long-term Care Days

48

2,648

23

6,811

164

24,199

23,987

46

2,548

29

6,518

175

26,054

23,383

47

2,440

24

6,278

185

26,781

22,804

Indicator Drilldown

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Home Care Nursing Visits

Home Care Nursing Clients

Community Rehab Visits

Community Rehab Clients

Case Managed Visits

Case Managed Clients

178

16

36

10

119

16

194

17

37

10

98

15

187

18

45

10

87

17

Per 1,000 Population Per 1,000 Population Ages 75+

Table 5: Home & Community Care Quick Stats, 2016/17 - 2018/19

Table 5: Home & Community Care measures are based on the number of clients, visits, and days u�lized per 1,000 popula�on. Long-term care days

include convalescent, respite, end of life, and complex care. Home support rates include long-term, short-term, and end of life care.

Source: HCC Universe | PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

Figure 13: Assisted Living, Long-Term Care, and Short Stay Beds per 1,000 Population Ages 75+, 2016/17 - 2018/19

Figure 13: All bed counts include permanent and temporary beds and reflect the population on ages 75+. Long-term care and short stay beds exclude

family care and group home beds. Long-term care and short stay beds include convalescent, respite, end of life, and flex beds.

Source: Long-Term Care Bed Inventory | PEOPLE 2019, BC Stats

Total

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

91

90

88

Long-term Care and Short Stay

Assisted Living

2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

109

108

106

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2016/17

2017/18

2018/19

18

18

18

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Health Characteristics

Health Characteristic indicators are derived from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional survey about health status, health care utilization, and determinants of health. CCHS indicators are self-reported by survey respondents. In some cases, data quality is compromised by small sample sizes. This information is only available by the Health Service Delivery Area.

Nelson is in the Kootenay Boundary Health Service Delivery Area.

Body mass indexoverweight/

obese (Ages18+)

Has a regularhealthcare

provider

Health, very goodor excellent

Heavy drinking Mental health,very good or

excellent

Physical activity,less than 150min/wk (Ages

18+)

Smoking, daily oroccasional

31%

86%

59%

27%

59%

32%

17%

31%

82%

61%

23%

68%

37%

17%29

%

82%

60%

19%

67%

35%

13%

Kootenay Boundary Interior Health British Columbia

Figure 14: Health Characteristic Indicators, 2017 - 2018

Figure 14: Health Characteris�c Indicators provide self-reported informa�on about the health of the individuals aged 12+, unless stated otherwise.

The 'Fruit and Vegetable Consump�on, less than 5 servings' indicator is unavailable for 2017 - 2018.

Source: Canadian Community Health Survey 2017 - 2018, Table 105-0509, Sta�s�cs Canada

Kootenay BoundaryHealth Service Delivery Area