KEMENTERIAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL/ BADAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL

Zaenal Arifin Act. Deputy Director for Urban Affairs

Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas

Bangkok, October 29, 2013

NATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT

POLICIES AND NEXUS PROJECT

IN INDONESIA

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URBAN ISSUES

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Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional

Population growth rate of 2,75% / year.

(average national population growth of 1,17% / year)

Source: Bappenas, BPS dan UNPF 2008 dan Analisis, 2013

Rapid Urbanization in Indonesia

Pull Factor: • Rapid growth of diverse activities in cities • Discrepancy between urban – rural areas • Development of policy which focuses on cities Push Factor: •Lack of jobs availability in rural areas •Limited infrastructure and facilities in rural

areas.

2010.. 50% of population will live in cities.

2025 .. 67.7% of population will live in cities

85 % of population of Indonesia will be living in

urban areas

...Indonesia will be in the CITY ERA

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Disparities Between Different Size Of Cities

4

0.20

6.55

10.31 23.66

Contribution to National GDP (%), 2012

Small

Medium

Big

Metropolitan

58% of cities in Indonesia are medium sized cities, but they could only contribute 6,55 % to the national GDP in 2012. While metropolitan and big cities could contribute 33,97 %.

Classification Population Amount in 2013

Small City < 100.000 12

Medium City 100.000 - 500.000 58

Large City 500.000 - 1.000.000 16

Metropolitan > 1.000.000 14

TOTAL 100

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Disparities Betwen Urban And Rural Areas

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GDP growth rate in Kabupaten (rural areas) are slower than GDP growth rate in Kota (urban areas)

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

GDP Rate of Kabupaten (Rp Bilion) GDP Rate of Kota (Rp Billion) Williamson Disparity Index (%)

Rp

Bil

lio

n %

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Problems Emerge

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• The percentage of urban poor in 2012 reached 9,23 %, while the percentage of total poor population in Indonesia is 12,49 %, specially in metropolitan and middle cities.

Urban Poverty

• 57,49 % of urban population have not get the adequate drinking water sources (2012) • 27,22 % of urban population have not get the adequate sanitation facilities (2012)

Low Level of Urban Services

• Expansions of urban settlements (urban sprawl) to the suburbs that are not well managed

Land Use Conversion

• Land, water and air pollution, eg. the quality of river water in big cities (especially in Java and Sumatera) are continually decreasing because of the increasing pollutants.

• Increasing greenhouse gas emission

Environmental Degradation

• Criminality, 1,3 % of urban population penduduk perkotaan have been a victim of a crime (2007) • Drugs, Epidemic, street children, social conflict

Social Problems

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Challenges Ahead

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• Demand cities to be able to play the role as a place for activities that are competitive and leveled for international-standards

Global competition

• Demands increased urban technical and financial capacities

Decentralization and democratization of governance

• Natural disasters, the spread of endemic diseases, demands an increase in the carrying capacity of the city in disaster preparedness and management

• Mainstreaming of climate change impacts in urban development

Impacts of climate change

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URBAN POLICIES

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National Urban Development Policy and Strategy (NUDPS)

Urgencies of national urban development policy that integrate policies and sectors

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Provide a legal basis for the

development of the city and urban

areas

Set the function of the city and the city

spatial planning (aspatial and spatial) for sustainable

development

As a planning instrument which is

used by stakeholders in the implementation of

programs and activities related to urban development

As a foundation in synchronization of

policies and regulations related

to urban development.

Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional

SUSTAINABLE CITY 2050

GREEN CITY

Green Openspace

Green Transportation

Green Energy

Green Building

Green Water

Green Waste

SMART &

COMPETITIVE CITY Smart Economy

Smart People

Smart Governance

Smart Mobility

Smart Environment

Smart Living

LIVABLE CITY

Strong Neighboorhoods

Walkable

Affordable

Connectivity

Comfortable

Cultural

National Urban Development Vision

Build IDENTITY of INDONESIAN CITIES based on physical character,

economic advantages, and local wisdom

Build cooperation and improve benefit between cities and city-rural based on NATIONAL URBAN SYSTEM

Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional Kebijakan dan Strategi Pembangunan Perkotaan Nasional

A. Realization of National Urban System

B. Fulfillment of Urban Services Standard and

Realization of Future Sustainable Cities

C. Improvement in Urban Governance and

Institution

National Urban Development Target

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National Urban Development Roadmap

2050 2035 2015 2045 2025

Realization of National

Urban System (SPN) 1 Improvement in Urban

Governance & Institution 3

Fulfillment of

Urban Services

Standards

Green and

Livable Cities

Smart and Competitive Cities

SUSTAINABLE CITIES

Fulfillment of Urban Services 2 Realization of Future

Cities 2

Baseline

RPJPN 2005-2025 RPJPN 2025-2045

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URBAN PRACTICES AND NEXUS APPROACH

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Regulations

• Law No. 5 Year 1992 : Heritages

• Law No. 23 Year 1997 : Environmental Management

• Law No. 28 Year 2002 : Buildings

• Law No. 26 Year 2007 : Spatial Planning

Implementation

• Several disseminations about the Buildings and Environment Law have been conducted

• Bappenas and MPW have been working on developing Green Building Guidelines.

• One of the MPW’s buildings were the first building in Indonesia certified by the Green Building Council as a Green Building.

The Green Building Concept

Nexus Project in Yogyakarta City

Green Hotel Development

• Align with the NUDPS in terms of realization Green City Development:

1. Integrate and manage 5 components: green space, green waste,

green energy, green water, and green building

2. Becomes a role model for other hotels in Indonesia

• The kick of meeting and MoU were accomplished in September 2013

Way Forward

• Realization the action plans stated in the MoU

• Coordination and synergy between the government (central and local) and the business, academics, and society (non-government organizations)

• Replicate to other cities in Indonesia, especially: tourist destination cities (Denpasar, Manado, Medan, Mataram, etc.)

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THANK YOU

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