nanotechnology the next big idea?. overview ● what is nanotechnology? ● examples ●...
TRANSCRIPT
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Nanotechnology
The Next Big Idea?
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Overview
● What is nanotechnology?● Examples● Requirements● Pros and cons● Conclusion
Branched Electron Flow
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● nano = 10-9
➔ nanometer = 1/1,000,000 of a millimeter● size of molecules: 1 nm 100 nm
What is nanotechnology?
●nanotechnology is a science of controlling individual atoms and molecules
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Conventional vs. Nano
● traditionally: built from top down
➢ blocks of raw material are processed into precisely formed products
● nanotechnology: built from bottom up
➢ more natural➢ tiny molecular machines assemble into bigger
structures
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Examples
Fullerene gears
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Examples
Gecko tape
●geckos climb slippery surfaces and hang from glass using a single toe●the nanoscopic hairs on their feet exert van der Waals forces interacting with the surface●researchers have developed a tape with similar properties●hairs 2 microns high, 200 nm wide●1 cm2 holds around 100 million of these artificial hairs and could support a weight of 1 kg
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Examples
Genetic engineering
●a special case of nanotechnology
●an organism with altered DNA can produce useful proteins, etc.
●natural limitations:➔can produce only organic substances
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Requirements●positional control of single molecules●self-replication
➔inexpensive production
carbon monoxide man(CO on platinum)
35 xenon atoms on nickel
atom(iron on copper)
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Pros and Cons✔high complexity✔fast construction✔medical uses
➔rearrangement of single molecules instead of cells
✔environmental uses➔zero pollution➔rebuilding of the ozone layer
✔fast computers✔inexpensive access to space
➔space elevator✔new weapons
✗gray goo➔unstoppable replication destroying everything around
✗disastrous accidents✗abuse✗new weapons✗nanobots taking over the world
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Conclusion
➢people have to be educated in order to avoid abuse➢safety guidelines, research and manufacturing policies are needed
➢nanotechnology provides enormous possibilities