namāz of mo’min chapter 01 introductory

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Chapter: 1

Introductory Note

on

Conventional Terminology

Rules and Regulat ions

Pertaining to

Namz of Momin

(A comprehensive guide)


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Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 4, An Nis: verse 40)Allh does not do any cruelty to anyone to an atoms weight. If

there is any good deed He doubles it and gives from Himself a

great reward.

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Contents

1. Good deeds

1.1 Far1.2 Vjib1.3 Snnat-e makkadah1.4 Snnat-e ghair-makkadah1.5 Mstaab

2. Indifferent deed: Mb

3. Bad deeds

3.1 arm3.2 Makrooh-e tareemee3.3 Isat3.4 Makrooh-e tanzeehee3.5 Khilf-e Aul

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(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 30, Room: verse 15)

As for those who believed, and did good works, they shall be made

happy in a charming meadow (rosy gardens).

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Shariat (Islamic Jurisprudence) is an incontrovertible set ofprinciples laid down by our religious authorities. It not onlydefines good or bad deeds but also grades them. Some deedsare extremely good and others are extremely bad. A comparisonof the good and the bad deeds will give a better understanding.For a better explanation all good and bad deeds and theirgrading are classified below.

Good deeds Versus Bad deeds

1 Far -------- 7 arm

2 Vjib -------- 8 Makrooh-e tareemee

3 Snnat-e makkadah -------- 9 Isat

4 Snnat-e ghair-makkadah -------- 10 Makrooh-e tanzeehee

5 Mstaab -------- 11 Khilf-e aul

6 Mb

Those deeds, which are emphasized and appreciated byShariat and carry a reward, are called good deeds. And, deeds,which are abhorred by Shariat and are punishable, are calledbad deeds.

Let us examine the relevance and importance of the eleven

deeds tabled above and the rewards or punishment they carry.It is essential that the reader familiarize himself with the

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explanations given below for motivation to do good deeds andavoid the bad ones.

1.Good deeds:

1.1 Far (obligatory):

An act, commanded by Allh in the Holy Qr'n isknown as far. Following are the silent features of fardeed:

An act that must be done It is proved by absolute religious arguments. Denial will make one kfir (infidel).

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Makes one a transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e

kabeerah1 and severely punishable if relinquished

without any lawful (religious) reasons.

If someone deliberately misses far namz then he is a

transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e kabeerah and ispunishable by the fire of Hell. (Fatv Raaviyyah,II/194)

1 Gnh-e kabeerah: Cardinal sin (deprives the soul of divinegrace), grave sin, major sin. Sin means guilt committed againstAllh by means of breaking the rules of Islm. Omission of afar duty is Gnh-e kabeerah. According to some authorities, theexact number of Gnh-e kabeerah sins cannot be enumeratedwith certainty, since this is one of those matters that have beenkept deliberately vague to make people extra cautious, to the pointof giving up all sins of any kind. This idea has been expressed in theverse, by the unknown poet who said:

You must forsake all kinds of sin, the great and the small alike,For such is the pious duty of the righteous and devout.

You must advance as you would when treading over thorny ground,Avoiding the prickly spots and casting warily about.

Do not rule out a little sin as trivial in itself;Since mountains are made of pebbles, they can never be ruled out.

Following are few examples of Gnh-e kabeerah:

1. Gnh-e kabeerah committed within the Heart:1.1 Persisting disobedience towards Allh2. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by Tongue:2.1 Bearing false witness2.2 False accusation of adultery against a married person of

unblemished reputations.2.3 Perjury (false swearing)2.4 Uttering the incantation of sorcery and witchcraft.3. Gnh-e kabeerah committed in the Belly:3.1 Alcohol consumption4. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by Genitals:4.1 Adultery4.2 Sodomy5. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by using Hands:5.1 Murder5.2 Theft6. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by whole body:6.1 Undutiful treatment of ones parents, e.g.

Failing to respect their warning Striking them when they speak to you

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1.2 Vjib:

A belief or act that is almost as compulsory as far andnot to be omitted; something never omitted by Prophet

. In the technical vocabulary of Islamic jurisprudence, the term vjib is applied to a religiousduty that is necessary, but which cannot be classed asabsolute obligatory (far).

An act that is essential to do.

It is proved by conjectural religious arguments.

One who denies will be misled and is wicked.

One is transgressor (fsiq), deserve punishment of Hellif relinquishes without any lawful authentic reason.

Deliberate omission of a vjib is gnh-e agheerah2,

however persistent omission of a particular vjib turnsto be gnh-e kabeerah.

1.3 Snnat-e makkadah:

According to Urdu lexicographers the word snnat isgenerally understood to mean: an act, though notcommanded by Allh but done or liked by Prophet

Refusing to give them something when they ask for it Refusing to feed them when they are hungry or thirsty.

Allh Ta'l has told us through Qr'n Shareef:

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 4, Nis, verse 31)

If you avoid the major sins that you are forbidden to commit, We willacquit you of your evil deeds, and We will admit you by a gate of

honour.

2 Gnh-e agheerah:Pardonable sin, venial sin (not regarded asdepriving the soul of divine grace), minor sin. For the purpose ofdifferentiation and a guideline, all that is important to know that theomission of a far duty is major sin and of a vjib duty is minor sin.

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as worship. There is avb if done, but no sinif omitted. Yet it is a sin if continually omitted anddisbelief if disliked. Snnat-e makkadah is more

emphasized snnat.

An act that is necessary to do.

An act always performed by The Holy Prophet

but occasionally omitted so as todifferentiate from vjib.

Allh and his Prophets are displeased

even on occasional omission. Making it a habit ofomitting is punishable.

Snnat-e makkadah is near to vjib. (Fatv

Raaviyyah-III/279)

Snnat-e makkadah is also known as snnat-e hda.

(Fatv Raaviyyah-II/174)

Example: It is snnat (makkadah) to remove ringbearing name of Allh and/or His Prophetwhilst post-lavatory wash of private parts. (Example isquoted from Fatv Raaviyyah-I/162)

1.4 Snnat-e ghair-makkadah:

An act, good if done and will be recompensed.

uoor-e Aqdas has done this but also

omitted it without any reason.

Relinquishing is disliked in Shariat but is notpunishable.

Snnat-e ghair-makkadah is also known as snnat-e

zavaid. (Fatv Raaviyyah-II/174)

1.5 Mstaab (desirables):

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An act appreciated by Shariat.

No harm if omitted.

Not referred to in adee, but done and encouraged by

the Holy Prophet and are liked by Islamicscholars.

Recompensed if done but absolutely no punishment ifomitted

2. Indifferent deeds (mb): An act that neither ordered nor prohibited by Shariat-

Indifferent There is no reward if done and no punishment if

omitted.

3. Bad deeds:

3.1 arm (unlawful and forbidden):

Totally forbidden act It is proved by absolute religious arguments. Denial will make one kfir (infidel). If done even once deliberately and intentionally then

the doer is a transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e

kabeerah and will be punished. It is rewarded if refrained from. It is considered opposite of far.

3.2 Makrooh-e tareemee:

The term makrooh is generally understood to mean notdesirable. Despite the fact that makrooh (act, thing) arenot unlawful but disapproved, improper, disliked and

abstained by the Prophet . According to Urdu

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lexicographers the word makrooh-e tareemee isgenerally understood to mean: disapproved to the pointof forbidden or strongly prohibited.

It is essential to avoid it. It is sin and against the Shariat, proved by conjectural

religious arguments. The doer is transgressor (fsiq) and will be punished. There is reward if refrained from. If done, the sin is not up to the extent of gnh-e

kabeerahor arm but repeating of the same is gnh-e kabeerah.

It is considered opposite of vjib.

3.3 Isat:

Not removing the ring bearing name of Allh and / orHis Prophet whilst post-lavatory wash ofprivate parts is good example of Isat. (This example isborrowed from Fatv Raaviyyah-I/162)

An act, whose avoidance is compulsory, It is necessary to refrain from such deeds to save one

self. Omission is recompensed.

Allh and his prophet will be displeased

with occasional doer but one who develops habit ofdoing the same will be punished.

It is considered opposite of snnat-e makkadah.

3.4 Makrooh-e tanzeehee:

According to Urdu lexicographers the word makrooh-etanzeehee is generally understood to mean: makrooh ofa lesser degree.

Disliked by the Shariat.

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If done there is no sin or punishment. (Fatv

Raaviyyah-V/136))

It is bad to develop habit of doing such deeds. There is avb (reward) if avoided.

It is considered opposite of snnat-e ghairmakkadah

3.5 Khilf-e aul:

No sin in doing it, but best, if avoided. For instance, to

perform namz wearing spectacles with metal frames. It is better to omit such deeds and save oneself but if

done there is no sin.

It is considered opposite of mstaab.

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namāz of mo’min chapter 01 introductory

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