mx2 training program 07 ut configuration

8/19/2019 MX2 Training Program 07 UT Configuration

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OmniScan MX2 Training Program

Phased Array UT Configuration


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MX2 Training Program - UT Configuration Overview After completion of the part\weld and group setup wizards, the focal laws are

created and the UT parameters can be configured.

Parameters of the UT menu are relative to the acuisition modules which

are available in different configurations. !or different acuisition module

specifications refer to the user manual.

The UT menu and submenus are similar to any modern conventional UT

instrument with the e"ception we will be managing many focal laws or A#scans within the group and not $ust one. All of the same basic principles

apply for P%!, point uantity, etc.


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MX2 Training Program - UT General Menu - Gain

UT general gain is applied eually to all focal laws within the group. &t is

added to the sum gain that is e"plained in a later section for all focal laws. The general gain is available in increment steps of .', .(, ', ), and * d+ that

can be changed using the increment and - eys.

The /mni0can 12) has a dynamic range of 34 d+ 5'.6) 7p#p ma"imum8

independent of sum gain, focal law offset gain 5AC98 and TC9 gain that are

e"plained in later sections.


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MX2 Training Program - UT General Gain Function Key

The gain function ey is circled in red below and can be accessed in the UT:9eneral

sub menu. A short stroe of the gain function ey enables the gain parameter to be modified in

the upper left display.

A long stroe of the gain function ey opens the UT:9eneral sub menu.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Range Overview

;ithin the group, the start and distance

of the UT range is entered in one place

for all focal laws. 5UT:0tart and

UT:%ange8

The UT range is set depending on the

UT mode selected in


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MX2 Training Program - UT Range - True e!t"

&n true depth UT mode, the range is set for one focal law and e"trapolated to the

others automatically based on the angle. &n the e"ample to the below, the range of =#4=mm was entered while the (= degree

focal was active. That euals =#)'mm in true depth for the 3= degree focal law. This

results in the typical 0#scan pie shape display.

The advantage of the true depth display is that weld overlays are available and it is

easier to analyze the data.

The disadvantage of the true depth display is that is only uses appro" > of the data

widow and complicates the ability to use gates and set range efficiently.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Range - True e!t" for #el$%

!or 0#scan weld inspection a good rule of thumb for setting the range on a weld is to

select the last focal law 53= degrees8 and set it for '.( 2 the weld thicness.

9enerally the low angles 54(#(( degrees8 cover the middle and cap of the weld on

the )nd leg and the high angles 5((#3= degrees8 cover the root on the 'st leg.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Range - Uncorrecte$

&n uncorrected mode the range for all focal laws is the same allowing '==? of the

data window to be utilized on the 0#scan. 51enu:


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MX2 Training Program - UT Range Function Key%

There are two function eys associated with the UT range@

'. 0tart ey. 0ets the start position of the digitized A#scan.). %ange ey. 0ets the range distance from the start position of the digitized A#scan.

A short stroe of either function ey enables the parameter in the upper left display.

A long stroe of either function ey opens the UT:9eneral sub menu.


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The pulser configuration entered in UT0ettings:Pulser: refers to the 'st element

position of the probe on the ')B PA connector. The pulser is normally set during the group

setup wizard process and is also available in theUT:Pulser submenu.

!or a one probe inspection this will always be '.

&n a two PA probe inspection with a splitterconnected to a ')B element PA connector522@')B module8 the pulser will always be ' or*(.

&n a two PA probe inspection with a splitterconnected to a *4 element PA connector 5'*@*4module8 the pulser will always be ' or 66.

!or T/!< or conventional UT this will be eitherthe number of the +DC or Eemo connector onthe acuisition module, or the numbercorresponding to the hardware adaptor. 5')3and ')B as pictured8

&2' &2(

& )*

MX2 Training Program - UT Pul%er Configuration Overview cont+


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MX2 Training Program - UT Pul%er Configuration - ,oltage

The voltage selected under UT:Pulser:7oltage is available as follows for the first

generation /mni0can acuisition modules@ - PA'*@')B, PA'*@*4 F 4=7 or B=7 selectable.

- PA6)@')B, PA6)@')BP% F 4(7 or G=7 selectable.

- PA6)@6) F (=7, '==7, or )==7 selectable.

- UT), UT4, and UTB F (=7, '==7, )==7 or 6==7 selectable.

- UT +DC connectors on compatible PA modules F '==7 or )==7 selectable.

The voltage is not independently selectable for each group. ;hat is used on group '

must be used for all other groups in the setup.

7oltage selected is directly related to battery life and heat and should be set correctly

for the type and pitch of probe being used.

High voltage used on small pitch probes such as the Cobra can be detrimental to the

probe life and does not result in better performance.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Pul%er Configuration - ,oltage cont+

Applied voltage is e"tremely important for optimum signal to noise ratio.

The voltage should not be changed after calibration as it affects sensitivity. &nsufficient voltage results in poor signal to noise ratio. 5A#scan uality8

"cessive voltage results in poor signal to noise ratio, side lobe interference, and

reduced probe life. 1ore voltage is not always better when using small elements.

"ample@ Using voltage in e"cess of G=7 on a '=1hz element between .)(#.(mm

pitch will result in increased amplitude of only appro"imately * d+ and will decrease

the probe life by appro"imately >.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Pul%er Configuration - Pul%e #i$t" - uto

The pulse width is the duration of the suare wave pulse used to e"cite individualelements in the probe.

The 12) acuisition modules utilize a negative suare wave pulser ad$ustable from6=#(==ns in steps of ).(ns.

;hen the 12) pulse width is set to auto, the pulse width is automatically ad$ustedbased on probe freuency using the following formula@

- Pulse width 5ns8 F (== I probe center freuency 51Hz8

Pulse width of common probe freuencies@ - ' 1Hz F (==ns

- ).)( 1Hz F )))ns

- 6.( 1Hz F '46ns

- ( 1Hz F '==ns

- 3.( 1Hz F **ns

- '= 1Hz F (=ns

- '( 1Hz F 66ns

- )= 1Hz F )(ns


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MX2 Training Program - UT Pul%er Configuration - Pul%e #i$t" - Manual

The pulse width by default is automatically set based on the nominal freuency

of the probe and for most applications need not be changed. 1aing minor ad$ustments to the pulse width to ma"imize signal amplitude is

sometimes beneficial and is the same function as conventional instruments thathave a JTunableK pulser function.

This is most useful in low freuency applications for inspection of highlyattenuating materials and\or long sound paths.

Although ad$usting the pulse width to account for center freuency shift due toattenuation can sometimes increase signal amplitude, it will also desensitizenear surface reflectors and is not recommended for most applications.

1anual tuning of the pulse width should only be done by e"perts with anunderstanding of the adverse affects.


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OmniScan MX2 Training - Pul%e #i$t" v%+ .attery /ife

Luestion@ ;hy do low freuency probes drain the battery faster and

generate more heatM 5006=4 piping inspection outside in Te"as during August8

Answer@ +ecause low freuency probes reuire a longer pulse duration

and they use more energy.

' 1Hz F (==ns

).)( 1Hz F )))ns

6.( 1Hz F '46ns

( 1Hz F '==ns3.( 1Hz F **ns

'= 1Hz F (=ns

'( 1Hz F 66ns

)= 1Hz F )(ns


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration 0 PRF Overview

The pulse repetition freuency 5P%!8 is the

freuency at which pulsers are emitted andis e"pressed as the inverse of the time

interval between the emission of pulses 5T#

total8 and 5T#beam8.

The P%! is directly related to how fast the

probe or probes can move either manually

or connected to a scanner without missingdata.

!or manual inspections when the scan type

is set to time 50can:&nspection:

0can:Time8, the P%! is fi"ed at *=Hz. This

corresponds to *=mmIsec scan speed.

The P%! will remain at *=Hz unless it is

manually increased or until the number of

focal laws or UT range is increased to the

point where it must be reduced by the

software.


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration 0 PRF Overview cont+

&n the case of multi#group inspection, the P%! taes into account the emission of all

focal laws on all groups. 9roup ', focal law 'NNthrough group last, focal law last. Again, a manual inspection even with multiple groups is fi"ed at *=Hz until the

number of focal laws or UT range is increased to the point where the P%! must be

reduced by the software.


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration 0 PRF Overview cont+

The acuisition rate is the number of complete acuisition cycles e"pressed

in Hz that the system can complete in one second and is directly related toP%!.

Acuisition rate determines the ma"imum scanning speed that the probe

can move without missing a data.

+elow is an e"ample of one cycle for one focal law, also called the

recurrence rate.


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration 0 PRF O!tion%

There are three options available under the

UT:Pulser:P%! parameter@

'. Auto 1a". %esults in ma"imum possible firing and scan

speed for current conditions.

). /ptimum. A compromise of battery life, heat dissipation,

and scanning speed for current conditions. This is the

default and recommended setting for most inspection

conditions.

6. 1anual. Allows the P%! to be set manually. ntering a

number larger than the ma"imum speed possible will

return the ma"imum.

To the right is an e"ample of ghost echoes due

to e"cessive P%!. This phenomenon is also

common on cylindrical components lie studs

and bolting, inspections reuiring long sound

paths lie forgings and castings, and comple"

geometry such as valves and flange faces.

%educe the P%! when this problem is

suspected.


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration 0 PRF i%!lay 1n$icator

The P%! indicator can be seen above the readings in the 12) display and in a

normal condition it is displayed in green te"t. P%!@*= as below.

The cloc icon in the upper left corner of the 12) display indicates the pulser is

firing on cloc speed as opposed to an encoder or scanner.

The mechanical wheel icon indicates that the pulser is firing on an encoder.

;hen the P%!@22 is displayed in yellow it indicates not all signals are shown on the

screen, and in red indicates a condition where data loss and missed alarms are

possible. The 7@*= indicator correlates P%! to acuisition rate. 1anual scanning 5Do encoder8

is limited to *=mm per second without data loss or missed indications.


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MX2 Training Program - Pul%er Configuration - PRF O!timiation

+elow are the parameters that slow P%! in descending order of affect and how tomanipulate them to ma"imize speed. 5Dote@ 0ome of these parameters have not

been presented yet at this point in the training8 - %educe the total number of groups in the setup.

- %educe the number of focal laws within the group with a larger angle resolution.

- &ncrease the size of the scan resolution. The 12) default is 'mm.

- nsure all gates are within =mm and the end of the range. 57isible on the A#scan if active8

-


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MX2 Training Program - Receiver Configuration Overview

The receiver sub menu is similar to a digital conventional flaw

detector and is used to set the A#scan waveform view byad$usting the following parameters@

- %eceiver pulser.

-


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MX2 Training Program - Receiver 3um4er Configuration

!or a P 5Pulse\echo8 inspection on a PA group the receiver is an uneditable field

that is paired with the same pulser. P inspection uses the same elements to pulse

and receive. !or a P 5Pulse\echo8 inspection on a UT group the receiver is also uneditable and

paired with the same pulser, regardless of the module or connector.

!or a PC 5Pitch\catch8 or TT 5Through transmission8 inspection on a UT group

utilizing a UT acuisition module 5UT), UT4, UTB8, utilizing an adapter through the

PA connector of a PA module, or utilizing the +DC connectors of a compatible PAmodule 5'*@')B8, the receiver parameter is editable.


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MX2 Training Program - Receiver Configuration 0 igital Filter%

5 i g " ! a % %

/ o w ! a % %

.an$ !a%%

The 12) has a series of preset digital filters that include low

pass, band pass, high pass, and none.

Eie in conventional UT, the receiver filters are used toimprove signal to noise ratio by cropping off portions of the

probeOs bandwidth.

!ilters will decrease amplitude significantly but increase the

signal to noise ratio and should be selected prior to

calibration.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Receiver Configuration 0 -%can Rectification

0imilarly to conventional UT, the A#scan scan be displayed in %! 5%adio freuency8,

H; 5Half wave positive8, H;# 5Half wave negative8, and !; 5!ull wave8rectification.

The 12) default is !; rectification.

% ! ; a v e f o r m


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MX2 Training Program - UT Receiver Configuration 0 ,i$eo Filter

The video filter enables digital smoothing based on the probe freuency and

is only available in !;, H;, and H;# rectification mode. 5Dot %! mode8

The video filter is not available on the 6)@')BP% module when in PC mode.


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MX2 Training Program - UT Receiver Configuration 0 veraging

Although averaging is enabled for PA inspection it is typically only used on

conventional T/!< and UT groups due to the affect on the P%!. The 12) has averaging available at ', ), 4, B, and '* samples. The sample

number represents the number of A#scans sampled for every one A#scan

displayed.

An averaging value of ' euals no averaging.

Averaging is most beneficial for T/!< and coarse grain materials such asstainless steel, duple" steel, titanium, castings, copper, etc.

Use of averaging decreases acuisition speed 5P%!8 significantly. 1anually

increasing the P%! to achieve the rate prior to averaging can defeat the purpose of

using it. &ncreasing the P%! after averaging can decrease the signal to noise ratio.

5&nsert more noise8


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MX2 Training Program - UT .eam Parameter% Overview

The UT:+eam submenu contains information for individual focal laws.

Parameters in the beam submenu are not normally modified here and arethe result of either the group set up or calibration wizards.

The scan offset is only relative when more than two probes are at differentpositions on the scan a"is as in PA T/!< inspection.

The inde" offset is the theoretical e"it point in the wedge of the focal lawreferenced 5#8 from the front of the wedge. This distance is added to theprobe inde" offset position. 5+eam inde" offset probe inde" offset F totalbeam inde" offset8

The beam delay was set from the group wizard and is normally modified bythe wedge delay calibration wizard if necessary. &t is also manually editable.

Unlie the beam delay, the sensitivity or gain offset cannot be predicted by

the PA calculator. 59eneral gain gain offset F total gain for that focal law8

9ain offset is covered in detail in the sensitivity calibration section.


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MX2 Training Program - UT .eam Parameter% Overview cont+

1n$e6 Off%et. e a m

e l a y

Refracte$ ngle


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MX2 Training Program - UT Configuration $vance$ Setting% Overview

The UT:Advanced submenu contains the followingparameters@

- 0et B=? function.

- %eference gain on\off.

- A#scan point uantity.

- Compression scale factor. 5Uneditable8

- 0um gain 5d+8


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Reference m!litu$e The reference amplitude can be found under the UT:Advanced sub menu. The 12)

default is B=? and can be set to any value between '#'==.

This number is relative to readings that compare the signal in gate A to the referenceamplitude used for calibration. &t is typically used for code based flaw reporting.

;hen set to B=? is selected the pea amplitude signal in gate A is ad$usted to B=?

by modifying the general gain for all focal laws.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Reference m!litu$e cont+

;hen the reference is set to on, the general gain is fi"ed and an ad$ustment

gain appears to the left of the gain value 5*d+ below8. The gain applied to all

focal laws in the group is general gain ad$ustment gain 5'G.(d+ *.=d+

below8

This feature allows the operator an easy way to increase and decrease d+

for manual scanning without losing the reference sensitivity.

Ad$ustment gain cannot be modified in analysis mode.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Reference m!litu$e cont+

%eadings available in the

12) that compare the

amplitude of the signal ingate A to the amplitude

entered as the reference.

The Ad+r reading is the

difference in d+ between

the signal in gate A and

reference. 5(3.'? is 6.4d+

less than B=?8

The Ad+A reading is the

difference in d+ from the

signal in gate A and gate A

threshold. 5(3.'? is 3.) d+above gate level of )(?8

Use of readings and gates

are covered in detail in a

later section.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Reference m!litu$e cont+ &n the e"ample below the inspection data file was recorded at *d+ over

reference amplitude sensitivity of 'G.Gd+ as is common practice so flaws are

not missed and detected flaws may be evaluated at a higher amplitude.

&t is not possible to remove the *d+ gain ad$ustment on the saved data file,

but for flaws detected below )==? amplitude, use of the Ad+r reading

allows a signal flaw comparison in d+ with the reference level 5B=?8 as long

as the original gate position is not modified.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Scale Factor Overview

The scale factor is a non editable parameter that displays the compression scale

factor of the current group.

The benefits of compression are faster acuisition speed and reduced file size

without compromising A#scan amplitude data or flaw detectability.

A compression scale factor of 4 indicates that the most relevant point of every 4

points sampled at the digitizing freuency 5'==1Hz8 is displayed on the A#scan and

recorded in the acuisition.

The optimum scale factor is automatically calculated based on the UT range and

number of points selected for the A#scan and under normal inspection conditions

need not be ad$usted. 512) default is 6)= points8.

A scale factor of ' indicates no compression.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Scale Factor Overview cont+

12) A#scans are digitized at a fi"ed '== 1Hz allowing high compression scalefactors without compromising inspection results.

Corrosion mapping, thicness readings, and composite inspections that reuire moreprecise measurement on the UT a"is can be optimized by manipulating the UT rangeand point uantity.

The 12) system defaults and auto scale factor calculation will provide e"cellent A#scan uality meeting the needs of typical code based inspections such as A01, AP&, A;0, etc in addition to precision crac sizing and similar applications.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Point 7uantity Overview

The point uantity parameter determines the number of points for all A#

scans in the group. 5The 12) default is 6)=8 !or every point on the digitized A#scan, an 2 position is recorded that

correlates to time or distance vs. amplitude.

The number of points in the A#scan is directly related to file size and under

some conditions can affect P%! and scanning speed.

/ptimizing the UT range for the inspection ensures that the ma"imumnumber of A#scan points are distributed over the area of interest for the

inspection and the compression scale factor remains as low as possible.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Point 7uantity Overview cont+

The higher the point uantity the better the resolution on the A#scan.

The point uantity is a compromise between file size and A#scan resolution.

6)=#*4= points is sufficient for the most common inspections and ensures precision

readings.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Point 7uantity O!timiation

The are 6 options available under the UT:Advanced:PointLuantity parameter@ - Auto. This option will automatically ad$ust the compression scale

factor to maintain the point uantity between 6)=#*4= based onthe UT range.

- !i" values of '*=, 6)=, and *4= points.

- 1anual entry. nter the desired point uantity up to thema"imum possible. ntering a larger number will return thema"imum points based on UT range, file size, and currentconditions.

All options will automatically ad$ust the compression scalefactor.

To achieve no compression the UT range and points must be

ad$usted until the scale factor is '. The 12) default value is 6)= points and optimum for most

code based weld inspections and flaw sizing. Thicnessreadings and corrosion mapping benefit from a higher pointcount.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Point 7uantity 86am!le

An application e"ample of how point

uantity correlates to inspection

results is the Hydroform corrosion

mapping inspection of a '=mm thic

pipe using a UT range of 6=mm and

6)= point A#scans. 5%ange F 6 2

Thicness8

The procedure reuired a thicnessreading accuracy of I# .'mm. The

6)= point uantity was sufficient to

meet the .'mm accuracy.

6=mm range I 6)= points F .=G6mm

resolution on the UT a"is.

A *4= point uantity on a 6=mm UT

range has a resolution of .=4*mm on

the UT a"is but will double the file size

and possibly reduced the P%! and

scan speed depending on other

conditions.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT $vance$ 0 Sum Gain

The sum gain is the gain applied to all elements in the focal law after summation.

0um gain is automatically calculated based on the number of elements and doesnot normally need to be ad$usted.

&t is independent from general gain, focal law gain offset, and TC9 gain.

1anually ad$usting the sum gain can result in the loss of vertical amplitude linearity

and should only be modified by e"pert users when necessary.


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MX2 Training Program 0 UT Setting% Movie


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mx2 training program 07 ut configuration

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