motorola bts course tarining (m_cell 6, horizon & horizon ii)
DESCRIPTION
Motorola BTS Hardware, installation, commissioning.(M_Cell 6, Horizon & Horizon II)TRANSCRIPT
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GSM Network
MS
BTS
BSC XCDR MSC/VLR
OMCR/OMCS
UP LINK
down LINK
Air i
nter
face
Abis Interface A InterfaceAter
TS 0 TS1 TS2 TS16 TS31
E1 =32 TS
2TS Control ch.
1TS control ch.
(890 TO 915)MHZ
(935 TO 960)MHZ
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(Base sub system) BSS
BTS BSC XCDR
1-BTS (Base Transceiver System)
BTS1-M_CELL 6
2-Horizon
3-Horizon II2 [email protected]
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+27 V dc, negative earth (Indoor only).
Nominal 230 V ac single phase supply (Indoor and Outdoor).
415 V ac three phase supply (Outdoor only).
M-Cell6 cabinets operate from:
Power supplies
M-Cell6 cabinets
Maximum transmission power per carrier is 40 W at top of rack. Receiver sensitivity istypically 107 dBm.
48 V/60 V dc, isolated positive earth (Indoor only).
In Egypt
Note
The M-Cell6 cabinet is equipped with:
1-Up to two micro base control units (BCUs), located in the lower portion of the cabinet.2-A power distribution unit (PDU), located between the BCUs in the lower portion ofthe cabinet.3-Up to six transceiver control units (TCUs), located above the BCUs and PDU inthe cabinet. 3 [email protected]
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4-An alarm board (AB6), located above the TCU cage in the cabinet.5-The top panel contains the RF coupling equipment.6-External cabinets are equipped with a heat management system (HMS), which may either a heat exchanger or air conditioner.
TCU 2TCU 1TCU 0
TCU 3TCU 4TCU 5
AL6
Fan
RX & TX Equipment
DC Power Terminal
Fan
PCU1PCU 0
u BCU
M_Cell 6
RF Module Digital Module1- Transceiver control units (TCU ).2- Dual low noise block (DLNB).3-Integrated antenna distribution
unit (IADU).4-Cabinet extension block (CEB).5- Combining bandpass filter (CBF).6-Non hybrid.7- Duplexer, medium power.8- Duplexer, high power.9- 3 Input combining bandpass
filter (3-input CBF).10- Hybrid combiner (HCOMB).11- Non-hybrid combiner (Non-HCOMB).12- Twin band pass filter (TBPF).
1-Main control unit (MCU).2-Fibre optic extender (FOX).
3- Network interface unit (NIU).4-Fibre optic multiplexer (FMUX).
1-Full Size Module
2-Half Size Module
4
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RF receiver band and channels for M-Cell6 BTS equipment
GSM EGSM DCS
Receivefrequency bandMHZReceive/transmitduplexseparation(MHz)
Channel width(kHz)
Number ofchannels
Receivefrequency guardbands (MHz)
Receive channelcentre frequency(MHz)
890 TO 915 880 TO 915 1710 TO 1785
45 45 95
200 200200
124 174 374
890.0 to 890.1914.9 to 915.0
880.0 to 880.1914.9 to 915.0
1710.0 to 1710.11784.9 to 1785.0
Even MHz/10from 890.2 to914.8
Even MHz/10from 880.2 to914.8
Even MHz/10from 1710.2 to1784.8
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RF transmit band and channels for M-Cell6 BTS equipment:
Transmitfrequency band(MHz)Transmit/receiveduplexseparation(MHz)
Channel width(kHz)
Number ofchannels
Transmitfrequency guardbands (MHz)
Transmitchannel centrefrequency (MHz)
GSM EGSM DCS
935 TO 960 925 TO 960 1805 TO 1880
45 45 95
200 200200
124 174 374
935.0 to 935.1959.9 to 960.0
925.0 to 925.1959.9 to 960.0
1805.0 to 1805.11879.9 to 1880.0
Even MHz/10from 935.2 to959.8
Even MHz/10from 1710.2 to1784.8
Even MHz/10from 925.2 to959.8
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RF Module
1- Transceiver control units (TCU ).
Generates all the RF frequencies required to perform the transmit and receive-1functions.2-Contains the digital circuits required for eight timeslots of channel equalization andTCU control logic.3-The TCU provides the air interface between a BSS and mobile stations.4-TCU can change frequency on a timeslot basis to provide for frequencyhopping and equipment sharing.5-The maximum of six TCUs provides six RF channelsfor a total of 48 GSM channels.
TCU circuitry is contained in an integral module package. This circuitry consists of:1-TCU receiver (Rx) board.2-Synthesizer board.3-Transmitter (TX) board.4-Control driver board.5-Power amplifier board.6-Digital processor and control (DPC) board.7-Transceiver station manager (TSM) board.8-Power supply module (SPSM).
TCU circuitry
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A dual low noise block (DLNB) module consists of two receive bandpass filters, two lownoise amplifiers and dual 2-way splitters. The module only transfers received signals thatare in the BTS EGSM receive frequency band and allows one pair of antennas to feed upto two TCUs. Any unused output connectors are automatically terminated in 50 ohmloads, when the DLNB is fitted to the IADU.
1-Dual low noise block (DLNB)
RX 1
RX 2
Radio frequency Path (RF)
TX PATHRX PATH
CBF
TC U
DUPDLNBIADU
MS
RX Path.
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3-Integrated antenna distribution unit (IADU)
-An M-Cell6 cabinet can contain up to three DLNB modules, one for each pair ofantennas.-One DLNB module is required for each pair of Rx antenna signals coming into the top ofthe cabinet (three per M-Cell6 cabinet).The gain through an DLNB is +14 dB.
Note
The integrated antenna distribution unit (IADU) for the EGSM900 only, allows thetransceiver control units (TCUs) to receive signals from more than one antenna. AnIADU connects the outputs of any DNLB modules to the inputs of any TCU. Switching ison a timeslot basis.The IADU provides additional amplification, passive splitters, matrix switching andexpansion facilities required to realize configurations of up to 12 carriers per sector(defined maximum for EGSM) with full diversity.
-The IADU is fitted below the top panel in an M-Cell6 cabinet
Location
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The IADU module, used in the M-Cell6 cabinet, is capable of distributing the outputs ofthree DLNB modules, in any combination, to the receiver inputs of six TCU modules.The IADU module accepts inputs from three DLNB modules via D type RF connectors.The three inputs are fed into three 6-way splitters, and the output of each splitter isapplied to the respective input of each of six solid state switches. The outputs from eachsolid state switch, which is controlled by data sent from the TCU, are fed to the receiveinput of a TCU via a D type RF connection.The gain through an IADU is +3 dB.
Functional of IDUA
Cabinet Extension Block (CEB)
A cabinet extension block (CEB) consists of a D-type RF connector, two receiverconnectors RXA and RXB and associated wiring.
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1-Combining bandpass filter (CBF) module
TX PATH
2 I/P CBF
3 I/P CBF +HCBF
NHCBF2 I/P CBF
TX1
TX2
:The CBF unitCombines two TCUs to one antenna.Cannot be used in multi-levels due to excessive losses and the need to
pass acable back into the cabinet.
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3 I/P CBF
The 3-input combiner bandpass filter (CBF) performs wide-band combination of thetransmit signals from three inputs for simultaneous broadcast on a single antenna. Theinputs can be from a module hybrid combiner (HCOMB) or module non-hybridcombiner (non-HCOMB).
X XTX bpf
RX bpf
X3 I/P CBF
RF Load
Combined RF OutputTX1TX2
HCBF
The hybrid combiner (HCOMB) module combines transmit signals from two inputs andfeeds the signals to a 3-input CBF for simultaneous broadcast to a single antenna. Theinputs are from TCUs.
3- I/P
HCBF Duplexer
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RF Load
RF Load
TX1TX2NHCBF
The non-HCOMB feeds TCU inputs into two 3-input CBFs. There are two RF loads whichtake the RF load from each 3-input CBF.
NHCBF
Note
There is a 3 dB power signal loss through each hybrid combiner stage. When multiplestages are coupled together, each input signal must be routed through the same numberof stages to ensure that the combined output signal contains individual channelfrequencies of an equal power level.
X XTX bpf
RX bpf
3- I/P
DuplexerNHC
To another 3 I/[email protected]
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duplexer allows the transmit and receive signals to share the sameantenna. Duplexing is provided for up to two RF carriers, each having a nominal transmitpower of 25 W. For this reason the medium power duplexer should only be used inconfigurations where the CBF is used to provide hybrid combining of the RF carriers.The medium power duplexer consists of two bandpass filters, one for transmit and onefor receive. The transmit and receive bandpass filters operate in the 35 MHz EGSMtransmit and receive frequency ranges respectively. These filters form the final stage oftransmit filtering and the first stage of receive filtering in the BTS cabinets.
The loss through a medium power duplexer is 1 dB.
Duplexer TXRX Antenna
Duplexer
The loss through RF modules
Equipment loss through
One Stage Combining
Tow Stage Combining
Duplexer
IADU
-3db
-7db
1db
14db
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Digital Module
MCUMain Control Unit
NIU
FMUX
FOX
BPSM
To BIB Card To TCU
TO Another Cabinet
(3 to 5) Volt
(3 to 5) Volt
12 volt
12 volt
NPSM
-54V
+25V
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-There are 2 u BCU cage in cabinet (first master & second redundant)
NOTE
The Maximum number of module in Cabinet
Module Master Cage Redundant &Master Cage
MCU
FOX
FMUX
NIU
1
1
2
3
2
2
4
6
MCU (Main Control Unite)
FOX (Fiber optic extended)
FMUX
NIU (Network inter Face Unit)
(Fiber Multiplexer)
MCU
FOX
NIU
NIU
FMUX
FMUX
FMUX
BPSM
uBSU
One Cage
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The MCU functions are as follows:1-Base station control function (BCF).2-Switching of traffic and control information.3-Support of up to six E1 or T1 circuits.4-Support of up to 24 TCUs. This uses FMUX and FOX boards for physical
connection to the TCU.5-Timing reference.6-Network synchronization.7-Switching of baseband hopping data.8-Switching for onward linking in a drop and insert (daisy chain) configuration.9-Support of a redundant MCU.10-Distance measuring and compensation relating the MCU to TCU links. This
function is used to equalize the delays between the MCU and all the served TCUs,for site and system synchronization.
11-Alarm inputs and outputs.12-Capability to read site ID information from within the cabinet.13-LAPD control links.14-Call processing.15-Execute/operating system.16-Operations and maintenance.17-Code storage facility via PCMCIA card
MAIN CONTROL UNIT (MCU)
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2-FIBER OPTIC EXTENDER (FOX
The fiber optic extender (FOX) module forms an optical extender between the MCU andup to six TCUs. The FOX module provides:The electrical-optical interface for downlink (TX) data.The optical-electrical interface for uplink (Rx) data.An MCU, FOX and TCU group work together to operate as an air interface for eightlogical EGSM channels, which may or may not be on the same RF frequency.The board is connected to the TCUs via bayonet connectors.
TCU
TCU
TCU
TCU
TCU
TCU
MCU FOX
TCU 0TCU 1
TCU 2TCU 3
TCU 4TCU 5
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3-Network interface unit (NIU)
The network interface unit (NIU) module provides the functionality required to terminatethe network. This function is separated from the MCU due to the wide variety ofinterfaces that can be provided.The MCU controls the NIUs provision of network interface configuration and supervision.A local microcontroller is provided for network interface configuration and supervision.This is controlled by the MCU. Each MCU communicates with the NIU microcontrollerusing timeslot 0 of MCU link 1. The local microcontroller maintains two independent linksin the redundant configuration (one to each MCU).The NIU provides an E1 or T1 interface into the network as well as LAPDencoding/decoding and clock recovery from a selected E1/T1 link.In the future a number of other interfaces may be offered such as; primary rate ISDN,HDSL, fiber optic.
2-The cabinet may contain up to two NIU modules in each BCU cage.An NIU in slot 0 of the BCU supports two E1/T1 links.An NIU in slot 1 of the BCU supports one E1/T1 link.
Note
1-The radio signaling links (RSL) to the BSC from the main processor on theMCUF are 64 kbit/s LAPD links. The LAPD encoding of this RSL data isperformed on the NIU by the NIU control processor
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4-FIBER OPTIC MULTIPLEXER (FMUX)
The fiber optic multiplexer (FMUX) module is required to multiplex six full-duplex TCUlinks onto a single fiber link, and demultiplex a single fiber link to six full-duplex TCUlinks.The FMUX has two modes of operation:Working in conjunction with the MCU to multiplex TCU links to/from
an extensioncabinet.Operating in the extension cabinet in conjunction with a FOX to supply the TCUs inthat cabinet.
MCU
FMUX
Master Cabinet
FMUX
Slave Cabinet
FOX
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*MicroBCU Power Supply Module (BPSM)
This section describes the mBCU power supply module (BPSM). The BPSM,located in the digital module shelf of the main cage, supplies regulated dc powerto the digital modules.A single (master) BPSM mounted in the lower half of the digital module shelfcan provide sufficient power for:S One MCUF.S One FMUX.S Two NIUs.S The alarm module.An optional second BPSM can be fitted in the upper half of the digital moduleshelf to supply any or all of the following:S Backup power to the alarm module, which is the only digital modulesupplied by both BPSMs (for redundancy).S Optional redundant MCUF and associated FMUX.S Up to two additional NIUs.During normal operation, with all the outputs within their regulation limits, agreen LED located on the front panel is illuminated. No alarms are generatedby the BPSM. BPSM
Power converter andsystem monitor
V in +27 VV out 3.3 VV out -12 V
V out +12 VV out 5 V
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+27 V dc, negative earth (Indoor only).
Nominal 230 V ac single phase supply (Indoor and Outdoor).
415 V ac three phase supply (Outdoor only).
M-Cell6 cabinets operate from:
Power supplies
Maximum transmission power per carrier is 40 W at top of rack. Receiver sensitivity istypically 107 dBm.
48 V/60 V dc, isolated positive earth (Indoor only).
In Egypt
Note
HORIZON Cabinets
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M_CELL 6 HORIZON Function
PSM PSM (different) Input power conversion units
Power to radios and BPSMBackplaneCables
TransceiverCTUTCU/TCU-B
Main processor boardMCUFMCU
Connection radio to MCUBackplaneFOX
Rx components and distribution
SURFDNLB & IADU
Radio to Rx componentsSURF HarnessCables
TX componentsDCF, TDF, DDF,HCUand CCB
CBF, MPDM, HPDMHC and CCB
Links to terrestrial networkNIUNIU
Power for digital boardsBPSMBPSM
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MCUFFMUX
FMUX
NIU NIUNIUNIU
2E1Slot 0
1E1
UP to 6 CTU
TX Filter
RX Filter RX 2RX 1RX 0
Switch controlled by Transceiver
EXAEXB0A 0B 1B1A 2B2A
UP to 3 TX block
Functional diagram of Horizon
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Volt Current supply maximumPower consumption
6CTU 6CTU2-48 TO -60
36 A1700 W
56.3 A2700 W
M_Cell 6
RF Module Digital Module
1-Main control unit (MCUF).
2- Network interface unit (NIU).3-Fibre optic multiplexer (FMUX).
1-Full Size Module
2-Half Size Module
1-Compact transceiver unit (CTU)
2-Compact transceiver unit 2 (CTU2)
3-Sectorized Universal Receiver Front-end (SURF)
4-TX blocks
DCF DDF HCU FT
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RF Module
The CTU interface function provides the air interface timing and radio controlcircuitry required for Rx (uplink) and TX (downlink) control functions.The CTU interface includes:1-Master GSM air interface timing function.2- Independent Rx gain control interface for each diversity receiver branch.3- Base band Rx data interface for each diversity receiver branch.4- Receiver front end and CCB control.5- TX data interface including GMSK modulator which provides base banddata to the transmitter.6- TX and power amplifier power control interface.7- Rx and TX frequency synthesizer control which supports RF frequencyhopping.8- CTU and cabinet alarm data collection.9- Alarms sampling and multiplexing.
CTU interface function
1-Compact transceiver unit (CTU)
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2-Compact transceiver unit 2 (CTU2)
The CTU2 interface function provides the air interface timing and transceivercontrol circuitry required for Rx (uplink) and TX (downlink) control functions.The CTU2 interface includes:S Master GSM air interface timing function.S Independent Rx gain control interface for each diversity receiver branch.S Base band Rx data interface for each diversity receiver branch.S Receiver front end control.S TX data interface including GMSK modulator which provides base banddata to the transmitter.S TX and power amplifier power control interface.S Rx and TX frequency synthesizer control which supports RF frequencyhopping.S CTU2 and cabinet alarm data collection.S Alarms sampling and multiplexing
CTU2 interface function
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3-Sectorized Universal Receiver Front-end (SURF)
Single band SURF
Functional description of the single band SURFThe single band SURF provides front end filtering, amplification, and matrixcontrol of the RF receive signal between the antenna and the transceiver.The single band SURF functional sections consist ofloop back, filtering, amplification, splitting, digital processing and power selection.Each section is duplicated for the second diversity path except for the digitaland dc power section which is shared by the two diversity paths. There arethree antenna pair inputs (ANT 0, ANT 1 and ANT 2) for each of the twodiversity branches (Branch A and Branch B). There are six outputs to thetransceiver for each of the two diversity branches as well as one input from thetransceiver for the loop back (LPBK) signal. There is also an output for anexpansion cabinet for ANT 0 on each branch.The software database must be configured at the OMC-R to accept transceiversof the same frequency as the single band SURF module in the cabinet.The digital section switch, under the control of the database (signalled throughthe MCUF and transceivers), routes the six amplifier outputs to the appropriatetransceivers. The digital and power supply section is also responsible forloop back switch control, manual overrides, alarms and dc voltages.The RF loop back test function is described in RF overview and RF testfunction in this chapter.
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Single band SURF functional diagram
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The dual band SURF modules provide front end filtering, amplification, andmatrix control of the RF receive signal between the antenna and the transceiver.The dual band SURFs each have three antenna pair connections providingmain frequency reception, and one antenna pair providing reception on asecond frequency. The two types of dual band (DB) SURF enable 900 MHztransceivers to be mixed with 1800 MHz transceivers in any combination, up tothe maximum total of six transceivers per cabinet.The software database must be configured at the OMC-R to accept 1800 MHztransceivers and 900 MHz transceivers in the appropriate cabinet locations.The dual band SURF functional sections (Figure Tech. 5-11) consist ofloopback, filtering, amplification, splitting, digital processing and power selection.Each section is duplicated for the second diversity path except for the digitaland dc power section which is shared by the two diversity paths. There are fourantenna pair inputs (ANT 0, ANT 1, ANT 2 and ANT DB) for each of the twodiversity branches (Branch A and Branch B). There are six outputs to thetransceiver for each of the two diversity branches as well as one input from thetransceiver for the loopback (LPBK) signal. There is also an output for anexpansion cabinet for ANT 0 on each branch.Digital codes are transmitted from the transceivers to the digital section. Thedigital codes are different, so that 900 MHz or 1800 MHz transceivers can berecognized and appropriate switching can be made to the required antenna fortransmission and reception.The digital and power supply section is also responsible for loop back switchcontrol, manual overrides, alarms and dc voltages.The RF loop back test function is described in RF overview and RF testfunction in this chapter.
Functional description of dual band SURF modules
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Dual band SURF functional diagram
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4-TX Block
DDF HCUDCF FT
Duplexes Combining band pass Filter (DCF)
The purpose of the duplexes combining bandpass filter (DCF) Tx block is toenable each antenna to serve two transceivers for both Tx and Rx.The DCF combines two Tx inputs, dissipating half the power within an internalload.The signal then passes through a bandpass filter and out to the antenna.A receive bandpass filter passes only the Rx signal to the SURF module.The DCF is located in the basket above the transceivers, and attached to thetop surface of the top panel using two M6 screws.
XTX BPF
RX BPF
TX to Antenna RX to Surf
Load
4
d
b
l
o
s
s
e
s
DCF
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The Dual-stage Duplexes combining Filter (DDF)
differs from the DCF in having asecond stage of combining to allow a third transceiver Tx input. This third Txinput is connected to either:S A feed through plate connector for a single additional transceiverorS An HCU plate connector for combining two additional transceivers.The DDF is located in the basket above the transceivers, and attached to thetop surface of the top panel using two M6 screws.
X Load
X TX BPFRX BPF
From HCU or FT
TX to Antenna
RX to Surf
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Digital Module
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Horizon M_Cell 6
MCUF MCU+2FMUX
FOXBackplane
NIUNIU
FMUX FMUX
Compare between M_Cell 6 & Horizon
MCUF
FMUX
FMUX
NIUA0 NIUA1 NIUB1NIUB0
FMUX
2
2 To Extenuation cabinet
To Extenuation cabinet
[email protected] Extenuation cabinet
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1-The main control unit with dual FMUX (MCUF)
provides the site processingfunctions, apart from RF functions of the transceiver. The MCUF also providesswitching for up to six network interfaces (via four NIUs) and up to 24transceivers.The cabinet may contain up to two MCUF modules, (one master and one forredundancy). Each site and module has an electronic ID for remote
2-The network interface unit (NIU)
provides two E1 or two T1 terminationlinks to the terrestrial network. The NIU E1/T1 outputs are connected to a T43 orBIB board, depending on the impedance matching requirement of the customerterrestrial circuits.
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3-The Fiber optic MUltipleXer (FMUX)
multiplexes and demultiplexes six,full duplex, transceiver links to one (TX/Rx) pair of fiber optic cables. Thisenables up to six transceivers in a single extension cabinet (eitherHorizonmacro or M-Cell6) to be linked to the master cabinet.
Alarm module
The alarm module is located in the digital module shelf, adjacent to the MCUFs.It provides the cabinet equipment with an external alarm system to reportoperational status. The alarm module:
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3-HORIZON II
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HIISCXMUX
4 NIU
Site Expansion Board
6E1
To XMUX or FMUX OF Extension Cabinet
Up to 6 CTU2
SWITCH (CONTROLLED BY CTU2)
RX 0 RX 1 RX 2
TX bpf
RX bpf VSWR Monitor Circuit
MS
0A 1A 2AEXA
EXB 0B 1B 2B
SURF2 UP to 6 TX Block
To Alarm Module
Functional diagram of cabinet components
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Circuit breaker
Power consumption
Cabinet power supply requirements
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M_Cell 6 HORIZON HORIZONII Function
Input power conversion unitsNPSM3
PSM3
PSU4
Power to transceivers andsignal routeing
BackplaneBPSM and backplaneBPSM and backplane
TransceiversCTU2CTUTCUB&TCUA
Processor module connectionto transceivers in another cabinet
Internal FMUX in MCUF (2)or external FMUX (2)
External FMUX (4)
Slave cabinet multiplexer
Internal XMUX in HIISC (1) andseparate site expansion boards
(1 or 2)
XMUXFMUXFMUX
Rx componentsSURF2SURFDLNP&IADU
Transceiver to Rx componentsSURF2 harnessSURF harnessCables from IADU TO DRIS
TX blocksDCF&HCU&FT&DDF DUP&HCU&DHUCBF(2 I/P&3 I /P)HC&NHC
DC power supply for digital modulesIntegrated in HIISC, suppliedvia backplane
BPSM(2)
BPSM(2)
Links to terrestrial networkInternal NIU in HIISCNIU(4)
NIU(4)
Compare between (M_Cell 6 & Horizon & Horizon II)
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