models of group behaviour
TRANSCRIPT
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Group Behaviour
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Stages of Group Development
or
5 Stage Model
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Forming Stage
Forming is characterized by a great deal of
uncertainty about the group¶s purpose,
structure and leadership. This stage is complete when members
have begun to think of themselves as part
of a group.
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Storming Stage
Storming Stage is one of intra group conflict.
Members accept the existence of the group, but
there is resistance to the constraints that the
group imposes on individuality.
There is conflict over who will control the group.
This stage is complete, there will be a relatively
clear hierarchy of leadership within the group.
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Norming Stage
This is the stage in which close
relationships develop and the group
demonstrates cohesiveness. There is now a strong sense of group
identity.
This stage is complete when the group
solidifies and the group has assimilated a
common set of expectations of what
defines correct member behaviour.
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Performing Stage
The structure at this point is fully functional
and accepted.
Group energy has removed from getting toknow and understand each other to
performing the task at hand.
For permanent work groups, performing is
the last stage in their development.
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Adjourning Stage
In this stage group prepares for its
disbandment.
High task performance is no longer group¶s priority.
Attention is directed towards wrapping up
activities.
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Group Proper ties
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Role³Role is a position which an individual
holds in a system as determined by the
expectations from that position.´
-Pareek says
Role enable the individual to interact
with and get integrated with the system.
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Role Iden
tity
Behavioural patterns attach to roles give
rise to role identity.
People have the ability to shift roles
rapidly when they recognize that the
situation and its demands clearly
require major changes.
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Role
Percep
tion
Our view of how we are supposed to act
in a given situation is a role perception.
We get perceptions from stimuli all
around us-friends, books, movies,
television.
Exp.: role of crime investigators asportrayed on TV programme CID.
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Role Expec
tations
Role expectations are defined as how
others believe you should act in a given
situation.
Exp.: the role of a high court judge is
viewed as having propriety and dignity,
while role of a football coach is seen asaggressive, dynamic, and inspiring to
his players.
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Role Conflic
t
When an individual is confronted by
divergent role expectations, the result is
role conflict.
Role conflict occurs when an individual
finds that compliance with one role
requirement may make it more difficultto comply with another.
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Types of
Role Conflic
t
Inter Role Conflict
Intra Role Conflict
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Role Differen
tiation
A variety of roles can develop as group
members interact with each other.
Most of the people fall under one of the
two categories
-Task Roles
-Socio-emotional Roles
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Norms
Acceptable standards of behaviour
within a group that are shared by the
group members.
Norms are rules of conduct determined
by group members.
Norms tell the members what theyought and ought not to do under certain
circumstances.
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Classes of N
orms Performance Norms
Appearance Norms
Social Arrangement Norms
Allocation of resources Norms
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Why norms are established?
These facilitate group survival
Increase the predictability of members
Allow members to express the central
values of the goal
Help to reduce embarrassing
interpersonal problems for members.
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How
Norms are developed?
Explicit statements by supervisor or co
workers.
Critical events in the groups history
Carrying over behaviour from past
situations.
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Types of
Group conflict?
Cognitive Conflict
Effective Conflict
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Cognitive Conflic
t
It¶s a task oriented conflict.
It generally plays a positive role in group
life.
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Effective Conflic
t
It¶s a relationship oriented conflict.
This conflict has the negative effect on
the group.
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Conformity to Norms
Conformity to norms is determined by
the extent of dependence of individuals
on the group for the satisfaction of their
needs.
Adjusting one¶s behaviour to align with
the norms of the group.
Group must have conformity to changetheir members thoughts feeling and
behaviour through social influence.
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Status Status is a rank formally imposed by a
group
Status is an imp. factor in understandinghuman behaviour because it is asignificant motivator and has major behavioural consequences whenindividuals perceive a disparity betweenwhat they believe their status to be andwhat others perceive it to be.