Alcatel BTS Training Program

Alcatel BTS Training Program

Khalid Mahmood (RYK-222)

 The  BTS  provides  two-way  radio communication  between  the  PSTN  and Mobile  Station  (Mobile  Set)  located  in  a single  GSM  cell.  It  also  provides  a  similar link  between  the  mobile  station  and  the rest  of  the  networks.  The  BTS  provides  on interface  for  the  digital  baseband  signals used  by  the  land  based  networks  and  the GSM radio signals used by mobile station.

BTS Role in GSM Network

Logical position of BTS in BSS

For  system  incorporating  GPRS  some additional components are required as shown  the  below  figure.  An  MFS  is placed in the system between the BSC and SGSN. The MFS contains a number of PCUs, one of which controls all  the GPRS activity for the one cell. 

BTS in BSS with GPRS

Logical position of BTS in BSS with GPRS

A serving GPRS support node (SGSN)  is responsible for the  delivery  of  data  packets  from  and  to  the  mobile stations  within  its  geographical  service  area.  Its  tasks include  packet  routing  and  transfer,  mobility management  (attach/detach  and  location management),  logical  link  management,  and authentication  and  charging  functions.  The  location register  of  the  SGSN  stores  location  information  (e.g., current  cell,  current VLR)  and user profiles  (e.g.,  IMSI, address(es)  used  in  the  packet  data  network)  of  all GPRS users registered with this SGSN.

SGSN (serving GPRS support node)

Functional Architecture of BTS

Channel OrganizationRF  signals  over  the  Air  interface  carry  traffic  and signaling/Control  channels  which  are  organized according  to  GSM  recommendations.  The  allocation and control of these channels are managed by the BTS functions.Radio  Resource  Management  function  controls  and organize  radio  resources  to  meet  current  operational needs of both the networks and individual.

Functional Architecture of BTS

As  the  principal  interface  between  the  PSTN  and  Mobile Stations, the BTS performs four primary functions. Transmission  function,  which  manage  the  transfer  of  traffic and control data between the BTS and BSC.Telecommunication  functions,  which  manage  the  transfer  of traffic and control data between the BTS and Mobile Station.O&M function, which supervise the operation of the BTS.Support  function,  which  provides  a  logical  and  physical environment in which the BTS functions can be realized.

BTS Functions

               Communication between the transmission,  telecommunication, and O&M functions  is managed according  to  the OSI model.  The BTS functions are concerned with layer 1 (Physical), Layer 2 (Data Link), and Layer 3 (Network) of this

        model.

To minimize operating costs, all data passed between the BTS and BSC in Time division multiplexed onto a single physical interface. This is the Abis Interface, which carries all the data sent between the BSC and BTS. Logical links between the BSC and BTS handles the following information:

Transmission Functions

Signaling data used for control purposes

O&M data for the BTS transmission module

O&M data for the BTS entities

User data in the form of speech and data traffic.

To minimize operating costs, all data passed between the BTS and BSC in Time division multiplexed onto a single physical interface. This is the Abis Interface, which carries all the data sent between the BSC and BTS. Logical links between the BSC and BTS handles the following information:

Transmission Functions

Signaling data used for control purposes

O&M data for the BTS transmission module

O&M data for the BTS entities

User data in the form of speech and data traffic.

For BTS and BSC multiplexing equipment is normally connected using dedicated cabling. Other method of Abis Interface connection can be used for BTS, where the installation of the dedicated cabling in not possible. In this case, control of the transmission medium is in the hands of third party.

Abis Interface:

Microwave Link (used where line of sight radio path is available.

Leased  Line  (Copper  Cable  or  Fiber  Optic  used  where  the 

distance between the BSC and BTS is too great for microwave).

Satellite  Link  (Used  where  Previous  two  methods  are  not 

possible) 

There are two primary telecommunication functions:

Telecommunication Function

Based band funcations modulate and encode traffic and signaling data from the BSC according to GSM recomendaitos. This data is then sent to the Mobile Stations using the RF function. Traffic and signaling  received  from  the Mobile  Stations  is demodulated and decoded to recover the baseband data. 

Baseband Functions:

Telecommunication Function

RF  functions enable  traffic  and  signaling  to be  sent and  received over the Air Interface as a radio signal. A special link layer protocol ensures  the  reliable  transfer  of  signaling  data  over  the  Air Interface.For antenna Diversity, the telecommunication function uplink path is duplicated. The duplicated functions intend from the antennas, through the RF functions.

RF Function:

O&M Functions

O&M functions monitor and control  the correct operation of  the BTS and its external interfaces. These function are shared between the BTS and BSC. The BSC provides overall control.The  O&M  function  use  Layer  2  links  for  BTS  internal communications.  A  terminal  connected  via  an  MMI  is  used  for local operator control of the BTS.

There are four categorized of O&M function:Configuration ManagementFault ManagementDedicated Alarm and Control HandlingExternal Alarm Handling.The O&M function also control the operation of the RF self-tests and manage the actions required by the BTS recovery Strategy.

Support Function

The support function provides a number of services relevant to the internal working of the BTS are:

Clock generation and distribution.

External alarm collection.

Internal self tests.

Introduction of Alcatel BTS

Introduction of Alcatel BTS

BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)

Network Interface Card

External Alarm  Circuit Board (EACB)

Shelf # 5

Shelf # 4

Shelf # 3

Shelf # 2

Shelf # 1

Combiners

TRE

SUMA Card

External Alarm  Circuit Board (EACB)

Network Interface Card BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)

BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)

External Alarm  Circuit Board (EACB)

Network Interface Card

Transmitter Connector

Antenna Connector

Lock Fastener 

Module Extractor 

Receiver Connector

Equipment Label

Lock Fastener

Transmitter Connector

Module Extractor

Receiver Connector

Antenna Connector

Equipment Label

Lock Fastener

Transmitter Connector

Module Extractor

Equipment Label

ON/OFF Switch

USB Test Connector

Receiver Connector

LEDs

Abis ½ Connector

Lock Fastener

Equipment Label

BTS ConnectionArea Connector

BTS Terminal Connector

Test Connector

USB Connector

LEDs

SUMA Card Basic Architecture

Remote Inventory Cable(RI Cable)

Remote Inventory Cable(RI Cable)

Cabinet Cooling Fan

Connect to Alcatel BTS Using BTS-Terminal

release B9

Connect to Alcatel BTS Using BTS-Terminal

release B9

User Name(COMMTE)

Password(COMMTE)

Press Baud rate button to set it

Select Baud rate = 19200

Select the appropriate COM Port

Press F2 OR “Connect/Disconnect” button

OR File->Connect/Disconnect from menu

Following windows will open on establishing successful connection

Menu bar will be changed on establishing successful connection

Monitor Active Alarm

External Active Alarms Show Here

Show Hardware Configuration (Ctrl H)

Select Appropriate Module

Select OK

Select All

SUMA Card = OMU 1 Rack A (BTS Cabinet # 1)

Shelf # 2

Slot # 7

SBL Module States (F5) SBL Module States (F5)

VSWR Value=1.2

VSWR Value=1.1

Antenna 0=A

Antenna 1=B

RA 1= Combiner 1 Sector A

SBL Management

SBL Management Read Initialize

Disable

RestartReset

Select Module

Execution Result

Selected Module Type

State of the Module (NEQ/OPR/IT)

Modify Hardware Configuration Remove Module

Select Module to Remove

End Modification of HW Configuration

Following window appears(Cabling Detection in Progress)

Click Yes

OFF Line Commissioning

Procedure

OFF Line Commissioning

Procedure

Switch OFF the BTS cabinet and disconnect Abis

connectors from DDF before offline start

Disconnect the Abis connector from The DDF

Switch ON the BTS cabinet breakers and connect the

Laptop at the BTS Terminal using MMI Cable

User Name(COMMTE)

Password(COMMTE)

Press F2 OR “Connect/Disconnect” button

OR File->Connect/Disconnect from menu

Following windows will open on establishing successful connection

Menu bar will be changed on establishing successful connection

Restore Default

Warning Window appearsClick OK to Restore SUMA

Card

Verify Qmux addressPress “Yes” to change it

Confirm Qmux address from OMCR first

Go toCommissioning->Download->BTS-SW

to download BTS software

Edit New Qmux address Press “Put” button to update

Updating Qmux address

Press Browse to select the path of “BM1SAW19.MSF” file

Path Selection Window

Press Browse to select the path of “AGC3AVWa.DDL” file

Software download in ProgressIt may take up to 30 minutes

Initialization window open when download complete

Receiving data window open

Select appropriate option from Frequency Brand dropdown menu

1- Select GSM for GSM cabinet2- Select DCS1800 for DCS cabinet

3- Select GSM for GSM+DCS (Combined) cabinet

Don’t uncheck Bridge check option and don’t change Sectors numbers

Press “Save” button in Sector mapping window

Updating flash

Press Save in TMA Setting window

PressSettings->Transmission->Initial Settings

Verify Baud Rate = 1200

Verify Environment Abis1 = Chain – end position

Verify CRC Check = ON

Reconfirm the Qmux address

Check Line impedance for Abis1 & Abis2 = 75ohm

PressSettings->Transmission->Board Settings

Uncheck all TREs press “Transmit” button

PressCommissioning->Initialization->All Sectors

to initialize BTS

Initialization of Commissioning in progress

PressCommissioning->Station Unit Test

for Station Unit Test

Select “Internal Loop”

“Station Unit Test” in progress

Following Results on successful completion

Select External Loop(Make Sure that the Abis # or 2 must be looped at DDF

Abis # 1 Loop test failed because Abis # 1 not Looped at DDF

Result window appears

Now switch on the BTS cabinet breakers and

through the site

Reconnect the Abis connector at DDF by verifying the TX/RX

cables properly

Reconnect the Abis connector at DDF by verifying the TX/RX

cables properly

Best WishesOFF Line Commissioning is

Done Successfully

Best WishesOFF Line Commissioning is

Done Successfully

Alcatel GlossaryA

AN Antenna Network BBCB BTS Control BusBSII Base Station ControllerBSS Base Station SubsystemBTS Base Station TransceiverBTSW BTS-Terminal for Windows

Alcatel GlossaryC

CCF Cabinet Cooling FanCDM Configuration Data MessageCLEI Common Language EquipmentCLLK Clock LinkCPF Configuration Parameter FileCRC Cyclic Redundancy CheckCU Carrier Unit

Alcatel Glossary

DDC Direct CurrentDMA Deferred Maintenance Alarm

EEQU Equipped

Alcatel Glossary

FFIA Format Identifier for Application part of RIFIM Format Identifier ManufacturingFIT Faulty In TrafficFLT FaultyFOS Faulty Out of Service

Alcatel Glossary

IICS Item Change StatusIT In Traffic LLDA Local Defence ActionLRA Local Recovery Action

Alcatel Glossary

MMI Maintenance InformationMSA MSD AutoMSD Maintenance Seized

NNEQ Not EquippedNOP Not Operational

Alcatel GlossaryO

O&M Operation and MaintenanceOMU Operation and Maintenance UnitOMUA OMU A RITOMUB OMU B RITOP OperationalOPR Operator

Alcatel GlossaryP

PADD Physical AddressPMA Prompt Maintenance Alarm

RRA Radio AccessRF Radio FrequencyRFH Radio Frequency Hopping ( also known as : Synthesizer Hopping )RI Remote InventoryRIT Replaceable ItemRX Receiver or receive .....RTC Remote Tunable Combiner

Alcatel GlossaryS

SBL Security Block LevelSCFE Station Unit Control Function Entity RITSOS System Out of ServiceSUM Station Unit ModuleSUMP SUM PCM RITSW Software

Alcatel GlossaryT

TLV Tag, Length, ValueTRE Transceiver Module (combined Transmitter / Receiver functionality for base band and RF signals)TS TimeslotTX Transmitter or transmit .....

Alcatel GlossaryV

VPMA Very Prompt Maintenance AlarmVSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

WWBC Wide Band CombinerWTC Wait Traffic Clear

XXBCB External BCBXCLK External ClockXIOB External Input Output Board