minorcellulosic fibres by priyanka, anupreksha and rajanikant
TRANSCRIPT
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Basics of Textile Manufacturing
MINOR CELLULOSIC FIBRES
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Minor Cellulosic Fibres
• These fibres are those which are rarely used in Apparel use.
• They are produced in less quantity.• The Minor Cellulosic Fibres are:1) Hemp 6) Coir 2) Manila Hemp3) Ramie4) Sisal5) Kapok
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HEMP FIBRE
• Hemp is a vegetable fibre.
• It is obtained from the Hemp plant.
• It is cultivated almost all over the world, except for the United States.
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Properties of Hemp Fibre
• It is a yellowish brown fibre
• Hemp fibers can be 3 to 15 feet long, running the length of the plant.
• Depending on the processing used to remove the fiber from the stem, the hemp naturally may be creamy white, brown, gray, black or green Harvesting of Hemp
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Appearance -Hemp
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Uses of Hemp Fibre
Hemp fabric
Hemp Necklace
Hemp toe sandal
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MANILLA
• Manilla, also known as Manila Hemp, is a fibre obtained from the leaves of the abaca plant.
• Mainly cultivated in Manila, the capital of Philippines.
The abaca plant
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Properties of Manilla Fibre
• The abaca plant grows up to 20 feet when mature.
• The stem consists of tightly packed, long, crescent-shaped sheaths, that grow from a central core.
Mature abaca plant
Manilla Hemp Yarn
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Characteristics of Manilla fibre
Extremely strong. Resistant to salt water. Bio-degradable. Eco-friendly. Has a beautiful
texture. Relatively cheap to
produce.Manilla Rope
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Uses of Manilla Fibre
• Manilla fibre is used to make
Ropes Paper Rug Furniture Carpet and countless
other products.
Manilla Rope
Manilla Bag
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RAMIE
• Ramie is one of the oldest fibre crops, having been used for at least six thousand years.
• It is also known as china grass.
• Ramie is normally harvested two to three times a year but under good growing conditions, can be harvested up to six times per year.
• The ramie plant is 2.5m tall.Ramie Plant
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Properties of Ramie
• Ramie fibre is one of the strongest natural fibres.
• The fibre is similar to flax in absorbency, density and microscopic appearance.
• Silky lustre to the fabric appearance.
• Usually blended with other fibres, as it is not that durable.
Ramie Yarn
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Characteristics of Ramie
• Ramie fibre has the ability to hold shape.
• Resistance to wrinkling.
• It is stiff and brittle.• Lacks resiliency.• Low elasticity
Ramie Fabric
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Uses of Ramie
• Ramie is used to make Industrial sewing
thread Packing materials Fishing nets Filter cloths
Ramie Packing
Ramie Hat
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SISAL
• Sisal is obtained from the leaves of the Sisal Plant.
• Annually, thousands of tonnes of Sisal fibres are produced in most parts of Africa and Asia.
Sisal Plant
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Properties of Sisal Fibre
• Sisal fibres are smooth, straight and yellow and can be long or short.
• Since it is coarse and inflexible, it is mainly blended with wool or acrylic to give a softer hand. Harvested Sisal
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Characteristics of Sisal Fibre
• Sisal fibre is Strong Durable Ability to stretch Affinity towards
certain dyestuff Resistance to
deterioration in salt water Sisal Fibre
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Uses of Sisal Fibre
• Sisal fibres are used to make
Rugs Slippers Ropes Carpets Specialty papers
Sisal Bag Sisal Scrub
Sisal Rug
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KAPOK
• Kapok fiber is a silky cotton-like substance that surrounds the seeds in the pods of the ceiba tree.
• The pods contain seeds surrounded by a fluffy, yellowish fiber that is a mix of lignin and cellulose.
Kapok pod
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Properties of Kapok Fibre
• It can support as much as 30 times its own weight in water and loses only 10 percent of buoyancy over a 30-day period.
• It is eight times lighter than cotton.
• The fibre is yellowish.
Kapok Pod (open)
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Characteristics of Kapok Fibre
• The Kapok fibre is Light Very buoyant Highly flammable Resistant to water
Kapok Seed
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Appearance-kapok
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Kapok yarn spool
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Uses of Kapok Fibre
• Kapok is mainly used in stuffing of
Pillows Blankets Soft toys Upholstery and for Insulation
Kapok used for Filling
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Uses of Kapok Fibre
Upholstery Blanket
Pillow
Soft Toy
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COIR• Fibre mechanically extracted
from dry mature coconut husk after soaking.
• It is long, hard and strong fibre but with lower softness, lower water absorption capacity, and shorter life than long retted fibre.
• There are two types of Coirs1) Brown Coir2) White Coir Coconut tree, Coconut and
Husk
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Properties of Coir Fibre
• The individual fiber cells are narrow and hollow, with thick walls made of cellulose.
• They are pale when immature but later become hardened and yellowed as a layer of lignin is deposited on their walls.
Coir
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Characteristics of Coir Fibre
• Coir Fibre is Relatively water proof Resistant to damage
by salt water Brown Coir is thick
and strong White Coir is
smoother and fine. Segregation of Coir Fibre
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Appearance –coir
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Uses of Coir Fibre
• Coir Fibre is used for Padding in furniture• Production of Brushes Carpets Ropes Rags
Coir Carpet
Coir Rope
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