Mini Research Project

Synthesizing Sources

Winter 2008

Linkshttp://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/hillary/

Research Writing (R28)

• Gather and Interpret factual information from multiple sources

• Clearly express a thesis statement

• Organize logically: introduction, body, conclusion

• Include a Works Cited

Using Ideas from Research (R41)

• Incorporate ideas from other writers into your work through:– Direct quotations: use quotation marks and

parenthetical citations– Paraphrases: use in place of a direct quote;

ideas stated in your own words; use parenthetical citations

– Summaries: use when condensing a large body of information; ideas stated in your own words: use parenthetical citations

Avoiding Plagiarism (R41)

• Give credit for any ideas or opinions that are not your own.

• Use parenthetical citations

• Use a Works Cited

Preparing a Manuscript (R41)

• Research Papers Include:

– Title page

– Outline

– Works Cited

Your Task • See page 47 in the anthology.

• Write a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay.

– Read excerpts from two explorers’ firsthand accounts of their ascent of Mount Everest.

– Discuss the characteristics of each climber.

– Explain which you would prefer as a climbing partner.

Sources

• from View From the Summit by Sir Edmund Hillary, text pages 28-36.

• “The Dream Comes True” from The Tiger of the Snows by Tenzig Norgay with James Ramsey Ullman, text pages 39-44.

Your Task

• Create a Source Card for each source.

• Create a Works Cited.

• Use Parenthetical Citations

• See the anthology for:– Citing Sources: page R42 & R43– Works Cited: R42– Parenthetical Citations: R42

Source Card

Source Number

MLA Citation

Source Location

Source Card

1.

Hillary, Sir Edmund. View From the Summit. Prentice Hall Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes, Platinum Level. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2005. 30-36.

anthology

Works Cited

• A list of sources referred to in your essay

• Listed in alphabetical order, based on the first word in the entry

• Each new entry begins at the margin, with subsequent information from that entry tabbed

• The entire Works Cited is double spaced.

• See sample on page R43.

Parenthetical Citations

Parenthetical Citations:– Briefly identify the source from which you’ve

taken information– Refer the reader to an entry on the Works

Cited list– Fall outside of the closing quotation mark but

within the final punctuation of the sentence

Parenthetical Citations

• For example:

– “My boots were frozen solid and I cooked them over the primus stove until they were soft enough for me to pull on” (Hillary 31).

• Hillary = author’s last name

• 31 = page number

Your Task

• Create Note Cards for information from the sources that you’ll be using in your essay.

• All information gleaned from the sources must appear on note cards.

• Note cards may include:– Quotations– Paraphrases– Summaries

Note Cards

Topic Source card number

Information:

Page Numbers

Note Card

Climbing technique 1.

* Information quoted from the text or* Information paraphrased from the text or* Information summarized from the text

31

Note Making

• Keep a Glossary of new terms

• Create a Pros & Cons Chart

• Establish Criteria for Evaluation

• Create a Compare-Contrast Chart

• Make Note Cards

Note Making• Review “Your Task”

• Read through the sources the first time, keeping a glossary of unfamiliar vocabulary.

• Organize your glossary accordingly:

Glossary

Name Date

Section View From the Summit

Term____Pg#____Definition___________Makalu 31 Himalayan high peak, Nepal

Lhotse 31 Himalayan high peak, Nepal

Tenzing 31 Irvine 36

Ample 31 Mallory 36

Tengboche Monastery 31

-27c 31 East Rongbuk Glacier 36

Aperture 31

Kangshung 32

Western CWM 33

Belay 33

Himalayas 36

North Col 36

Formidable 36

First Impressions

• As you finish reading Hillary’s account of the ascent, record your first impressions at the bottom of your glossary.

• What wound he be like as a climbing partner?1)

2)

3)

4)

Note Making

• Review “Your Task”

• Read through the sources again, keeping a pros & cons chart.

• Organizing your chart accordingly:

Pros & Cons

• Create a Pros & Cons Chart for each climber.– What would you like about Hillary as a

climbing partner?– What would bother you about Hillary as a

climbing partner?– What would you like about Norgay as a

climbing partner?– What would bother you about Norgay as a

climbing partner?

Pros & Cons - Hillary

Name Date

Section P & C Hillary

PROS CONS

___________________________________

1) 1)

The Tiger of the Snows

• After you’ve read View From the Summit, continue with the Norgay piece (39-44):– Keep a Glossary of new terms– Create a Pros & Cons Chart

Pros & Cons - Norgay

Name Date

Section P & C Norgay

PROS CONS

___________________________________

1) 1)

Note Making• Establish Criteria for Evaluation

– What characteristics are you looking for in a climbing partner?

– An expert climber• Someone modest• Climber’s attitude toward you• Trust• Knowledge of the terrain• ?• ?

Criteria for Evaluation

Name Date

Section Climbing Partner Musts

What’s important to you in a climbing partner?

1)

2)

3)

4)

Note Making

• Create a Compare-Contrast Chart based on the criteria you’ve established.

• Go back to the Pros & Cons Chart, or into the text, if necessary.

• Here’s how to create the C-C Chart:

Compare-Contrast Chart

Name Date

Section C-C Chart

Criteria Hillary Norgay Both

1)

2)

3)

4)

Note Cards

• Use the information in the C-C Chart to create note cards.

• All information gleaned from the sources must appear on note cards.

• Note cards may include:– Quotations– Paraphrases– Summaries

Note Cards

Topic Source card number

Information:

Page Numbers

Note Card

Climbing technique 1.

* Information quoted from the text or* Information paraphrased from the text or* Information summarized from the text

31

Writing the Thesis Paragraph

• Slant: a catchy introductory sentence

• Criterion 1 sentence

• Criterion 2 sentence

• Criterion 3 sentence

• Thesis sentence: Draw a conclusion based on your criteria stating either Hillary or Norgay as the preferred climbing partner.

Creating the Outline

Compare / Contrast Essay Outline