ppslides wk7 synthesizing

7/29/2019 Ppslides Wk7 Synthesizing

1/12

SYNTHESIZING


2/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing is an important and complex

skill required in academic writing. It involves

combining ideas from a range of sources inorder to group and present common ideas or

arguments.


3/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing is similar to summarising and

paraphrasing in that it involves rewriting

other peoples ideas in your own words.

But, unlike summarizing and paraphrasing, it

combines or draws together ideas from more

than one text or source at a time.

It uses and cites multiplesources.


4/12

SYNTHESIZING

Read more than one source ofmaterials.

Make brief notes usingkeypoints/keywords. This makes iteasier to compare and contrastrelevant information.

Identify common ideas.


5/12

SYNTHESIZING

Highlight and list similarities.eg. Write one sentence for each

material referred to. Sentencesshould consist of central pointand (or) brief summary of eachwork

Write the ideas in yourownwords.

Give credit to the authors of

texts.


6/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing a similar idea:

Contemporary second language writing

theorists such as Grabe and Kaplan (1996),

Kroll (2001) and Silva (1990) point out that a

substantial number of studies on English as

a second language (ESL) writing started to

emerge in the 1960s.


7/12

SYNTHESIZING

The previous slide shows the writer has read

from three sources (Grabe and Kaplan

(1996), Kroll (2001) and Silva (1990))to

present his point that a substantial number ofstudies on English as a second language

(ESL) writing started to emerge in the 1960s.


8/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing another similar idea:

Ary et al. (2002), Campbell and Stanley(1966), and Fraenkel and Wallen (2000),

discuss the internal validity threats that can

confound the effects on a dependent variable

in a quasi-experiment.


9/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing contrasting ideas (i)

Text 1: (Bond, 2002)-international language for business

-used for international forums-second language in many countries

Text 2 : (Robertson, 2003)-used in worldwide technology-computers is a key factor in spread of English-internationalization of education

Common idea: English is the global worldlanguage


10/12

SYNTHESIZING

Synthesizing contrasting ideas (ii)

Text 3: (Havir, 1999)-small no of speakers worldwide

-importance of English linked to political power-more people speak Chinese worldwide

Text 4: (Kerstjens, 2000)

-minority of speakers in world-Chinese dominant especially in future-English will decline in futureCommon idea: English is not the global world language


11/12

SYNTHESIZING

Syntheses:Supporting the contention that English is thedominant world language, Bond (2002) and

Robertson(2003) point out its importance asthe medium of international communicationin business, technology and other globalforums. However,others argue that despiteits apparent dominance, English is not theglobal language when the number of nativespeakers of other languages, e.g. Chinese,are considered (Havir, 1999; Kerstjens,2000).


12/12

THE END

ppslides wk7 synthesizing

Documents