memory we will begin with a story…. fact, fiction, and forgetting on the next screen, you will see...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Fact, Fiction, and Forgetting
candy caramel
soda pop chocolate
honey cake
pie icing
fudge cookie
cotton candy
Fact, Fiction, and Forgetting
Did the following words appear on the list you just read?
candy, chocolate, sweet
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
Environment
Sensing
Sensory Memory
Long Term
Memory
Attention Short Term
MemoryLoss
Retrieval
Elaboration
Loss
cheeseeggspeassyrupapplesflourmilk
Displacement in STM
bread
STM(7 slots) Lost from
STM
eggspeassyrupapplesflourmilkbread
peassyrupapplesflourmilkbread
syrupapplesflourmilkbread
applesflourmilkbread
flourmilkbread
milkbreadbread
Long Term Memory (LTM)
• Depth of Processing
• Breadth of Processing-elaborative encoding
• Distributed Practicing
• Intentional Learning
• Incidental Learning
Forgetting• Failure to Encode
• Consolidation Failure
• Decay
• Interference
• Motivated Forgetting
• Retrieval Failure
Tip of the Tongue
• The feeling of being on the verge of recalling something
• Often you can say what letter it starts with, or how many syllables it has
Reconstruction
Piecing memory together from a few highlights, then filling in details based on what we think should have happened (schema)
False Memories
• Implanting memories
• Distinguishing fact from fiction– Reality monitoring– Source amnesia
Eye Witness Testimony
• Relies greatly on reconstructive memory
• Influential in trials
• Accuracy is variable
Hypnosis
• Increases rememberer's confidence & amount of inaccurate information
• Doesn't increase memory accuracy
Factors Affecting Retrieval
• Serial Position
• Cues
• Environmental Context
• State-Dependence
• Stress and Anxiety
Improving Memory• Organization
• Spaced Practice
• Mnemonic Devices
• Method of Loci
• Peg-Word Method
• Acronyms
• Overlearning
• Recall Practice