forgetting persentation
TRANSCRIPT
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FORGETTING
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UNDERSTANDING THEINDIVIDUAL
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Meaning of forgetting
The term forgetting has several meanings:
The information was never storedproblem ofavailability
The information was stored, but it is difficult toretrieve-problem of accessibility(tip of the tongue)
Confusion problem of interference
Absentmindedness- problem of habit, attention,and automatic responses.
Generally, forgetting is the inability to recall orrecognize material which was previously stored inmemory.
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DEFINITIONS
True learning is judicious forgetting.
-Adam
Forgetting is failing to retain or able to recall
what has been acquired.
-Nunn
Forgetting means failure at anytime to recall an
experience when attempting to do so, or toperform an action previously learned.
-James Drever
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CHARACTERISTICS OFFORGETTING:
It is the inability of retaining an impression in the
mind.
Like memory, forgetting is also a mental process.
When there is memory, there is bound to be
forgetting.
Forgetting usually occurs in the initial stage of a
learning process. Once understanding of thesubject matter develops, forgetting decreases.
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CAUSES OF FORGETTING
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Lack of Interest: One usually forgets about thoseobjects or idea in which he has no interest. Sometimesone remembers something for a long time buteventually if he loses interest in it, he forgets it.
Therefore a teacher should try to generate interest inthe students while teaching in the classroom so thatthey remember the subject matter well.
Old Age: An old man forgets more easily than ayounger one. This is mainly because of physical and
nervous weakness. With age, body cells and organsdegenerate and they affect the motor abilities as wellas the mental processes like memory.
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Brain Injury: Serious brain injury especially of the
cerebrum area definitely affects the power to
memorize. The cerebrum of the brain determines
complex mental functions like thinking, learning,memorizing, imagination etc. If this part is injured
them memorization becomes difficult.
Lapse of Time: Forgetting occurs with lapse of
time. Impressions created in the mind as a result
of learning fade away with the passage of time.
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Lack of Practice: When the learnt material is
not practiced frequently, then forgettingoccurs. A well organized material is easilyremembered and can be practiced frequently. Ateacher should carefully organize the subjectmatter and encourage the students to practice
so often that they can remember it well. Emotional Condition: Uncontrolled emotions
like fear, anxiety,, anger etc. lead to anindividuals forgetfulness. In situations where
an individual is emotionally charged, i.e. if he istoo angry or too afraid of something then hetends to forget a learnt material.
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Retroactive Inhibition: If something is learnt soonafter another, then the material previously learntis forgotten. If no time gap is given between thelearning of the two items then this retroactiveinhibition results in.
Repression: Repression is the process ofdeliberately trying to forget unpleasantexperiences and pushing them into the depth ofthe mind. However too much repression is notbeneficial for the individual as these may findexpression in undesirable manner.
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Use of Drugs and Alcohol: Addiction to
intoxicating drugs or alcohol has a detrimental
effect on our nervous system and this seriously
hampers memory.
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Forgetting Curve Herman Herman Ebbinghaus, 1885
subjects memorize a list of meaningless, three
letter words
tracked how quickly his subjects forgot the words
became known as the Ebbinghaus or Forgetting
Curve
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FORGETTING CURVE
There is a normal curve for forgetting new
information
Hermann Ebbinghaus did experiment on himself using
nonsense syllables
- After 20 mins he remembered 70%
- After 1 hour her remembered 54%
- After 1 day he remembered 38%
- After 2 days he remembered 28%- After a month remembered 21
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