Meeting of the Estates General Audrey B. Disa J. & Justin B.

May 5, 1789Summary

People under The Old Regime were divided into three social classes called Estates. There were three estates. The clergy formed the 1st estate. Rich nobles formed the 2nd estate. The 3rd estate had the rest of the people (98% of the population). In the 3rd estate, there were three groups, the first group was called Bourgeoisie (merchants/artist), 2nd group was for cooks and other workers, and the last group where for the peasants. These people were under the ruler Louis XVI, he made France’s government bankrupt by overspending. He was then forced to call a meeting of all the estates called the Estates General. Out of the three estates only 2 had the right to make a decisions.

ExplanationKing Louis XVI expected the meeting of the Estates General to

have the 1st and 2nd estates outvote the 3rd estate.The 3rd estate called Bourgeoisie used the meeting to talk about their anger at the French system. This sparked a revolution to change the old system. This was caused because of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason and individualism rather than tradition.

Image This cartoon illustrates that the king is giving attention to

1st(clergy) and 2nd(nobles) estates. However the 3rd(normal) estate is on the ground kneeling down wanting attention from the king.

National Assembly Created w/ Tennis Court Oath

Summary: The National Assembly was a revolutionary assembly that was formed in the months of June and July in 1789. The 3rd estate sends a delegate to represent members of the Bourgeoisie, whose views were shaped by the enlightenment, and wanted to make changes in the government. Each of the three states were to meet together and each delegate had a vote. On June 17, 1789 the national assembly was established, the first deliberate act of revolution. 3 days later, the tennis court oath was signed. After being locked out of their chamber, they fled to a nearby indoor tennis court. In there, they signed the “Tennis Court Oath”. "Never to separate, and to meet wherever circumstances demand, until the constitution of the kingdom is established and affirmed on solid foundations” 576 men signed the oath. They followed through with their pledge to the oath until the Constitution was signed.

Explanation: These events mattered because they made the 1st and 2nd estates rid of their unfair feudal privileges. They eventually gained traction when the king had to recognize the group due to their large size and their growing following. They also set up the whole revolution itself, by igniting the Storming of Bastille. Later, they provided a Reformation-esque phrase stating “Man is born and remains free and equal in rights” These events also set a precedent to how revolutions can be effective in uprooting an unjust government.

By: Coco and Michael

Delegates take their pledge to the Tennis Court Oath

Storming of the BastilleBy Leo, Julia and Kendall

Date: 14 July, 1789Summary: The storming of the Bastille occurred in Paris, France. The french citizens were revolting versus the government and wanted to release 7 prisoners from the medieval fortress, the Bastille, as well as acquire thousands of pounds of gunpowder, getting many people killed as a result of that. Since King Louis didn’t trust his French soldiers anymore after the Tennis Court Oath, he brought his Swiss guards to Paris. Citizens got weapons to protect and defend themselves, and they then took over the Bastille. Explanation: This matters because this shows the people revolting versus the monarchy of France, and was a major turning point for the start of the French Revolution. It was the first actual violent fight getting people killed, starting the revolution. It’s known as a great symbolic act of revolution and the fourteenth of July is similar to our Fourth of July declaring independence from the king. After, a wave of senseless panic went through France called the Great Fear.

Explanation of Picture: In this picture, it shows the citizens taking over the Bastille getting gunpowder for their previously acquired weapons to help protect and defend Paris against Louis and his foreign troops.

Declaration of Rights of Man Issued- August 26, 1789

SUMMARY:● Declaration that guaranteed rights for men in

France:-All men are equal under the law-All men have the natural rights of liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. -All men are allowed to believe what they want, freedom of religion-All men are innocent until proven guilty

● Limited power of the monarchy● Approved by the National Assembly of France

August 26, 1789EXCLAMATION:

● Helped change it’s government from a monarch to a republic

-Gave people rights and freedoms● It was influenced by the US declaration of

independence and the ideas of the enlightenment thinkers

PICTURE:● Shows the document of the Declaration of Rights of

Man Issued

Women’s March on VersaillesOctober 1789

Summary: The women’s march on Versailles also known as the October March was a violent demonstration conducted in the rain mostly by women peasants on october 5 and 6 1789. The women, angered by the royal family’s extravagant spending, took over Versailles and moved the royal family into Paris demanding food for their children.

Explanation: The women’s march on Versailles was key to the French revolution as it was one of the first violent demonstrations of the revolution. Furthermore, whereas in the past only educated aristocrats would challenge authorities, this time peasants stormed the king’s palace demanding food. This sparked a revolutionary movement in France where average people realized that together they could fight for what they wanted.

The image shows angered women in France marching in the rain towards Versailles with their children, armed with farm tools. While marching they play their instruments, chanting “Bread! Bread!”

Summary:The natural assembly re-established the relationship between church and state which posed a threat to the Louis XVI and the absolute monarchy. Louis XVI’s advisers warned him of the danger posed on him and his family. In June of 1791 Louis XVI and his family attempt to leave France, but at the french border someone recognizes him and he is returned to france under guard. This made Louis XVI seem weak to his enemies and compromised his power.

Explanation: This attempt to flee helped the french revolution by creating a great distrust in the king and eliminating the chance of having an absolute monarchy. It also started the National Assembly’s debate for a new constitution for France, and their goal to steer away from one man in power.

King Louis XVI Attempts TO Flee FranceJune 1791 Jack, Hugo , Hermie

Image: King Louis XVI getting arrested and returned under guard back to paris after his attempt to flee from France.

The French at war with Austria and Prussia April 1792

Summary: French radicals strongly urged other European countries to join the revolution. When Austria and Prussia proposed that France put King Louis XVI back into power as an absolute monarch, in April 1792 the Legislative Assembly responded by declaring war on them. At first, the French were not well equipped for the war, but on July 25 1792 they gained the upper hand by kidnapping and imprisoning Louis,his wife Marie Antoinette (an Austrian), and their children. Parisians planned to send out troops when they heard that the French troops were falling back. Before this plan could be executed, they learned that this was a ploy to take control of undefended Paris. The French finally removed King Louis from power and help an election for a new legislature, the National Convention.

Explanation: Powerful leaders and monarchs of other European countries wanted King Louis XVI to stay in power as an absolute monarch to ensure that they keep their own power. Other countries saw the revolution as threat to their power in their own countries because their subjects might be tempted to overthrow them.

Image: This map shows how close Prussia and Austria are to France. It explains why ideas of revolution spread so quickly and why Prussia and Austria were threatened by the French.

BY: Isabel, Mollie, and Leonie

Legislative Assembly Splits into Factions October, 1791

Summary: After many cries for food, equality and liberty from the people, the Legislative Assembly had made a split. There were three groups that had formed: the Radicals, Moderates, and Conservatives. The groups each had their own seating in the meeting hall (Moderates in the middle, Conservatives on the right, and Radicals to the left). Each group had their own opinion on how the government should be run. There were also people in parts of the Conservatives and Radicals that had strong opinions as to what they thought would be best for France. These people sat on the far side of their group. The Conservatives had wanted something more traditional, like an absolute monarchy. The Radicals were leaning towards more drastic changes in the government, and people’s rights.

Explanation:This was very important because it showed that the people could take action and voice their opinion. This also showed that the people had a say in the government, and how the government was open to their opinion most of the time they would be put in jail for their ideas Even though the people got the absolute monarchy out they cloud still not decide on what they wanted. There was also a way of there being many opportunities being made because everyone had a voice, and it could be put into consideration.

Image: These Images show the meeting room that the three groups met in. The top photo looks like a strong argument is being held at the time. The bottom photo is of the groups each in their own seating area, and possibly in the middle of a discussion.

Sam Dyer and Sean Mckenna 3rd Period

Assembly Building

Assembly building

Summary: After Louis XVI rule, the people execute the king on January 21, 1793. Instead of being hung, Louis was guillotined. This was a new invention by the french. It simply just beheaded the victim.

Image:This picture is a picture of Louis XVI when he was king.

Explanation:The reason Louis was guillotine, was because the guillotine made it a fast and non tortuous way of death.

King Louis XVI Guillotined- January 21, 1793By Dosym and Cody

Robespierre Leads Committee of Public Safety

Summary: During political turmoil, Maximilien Robespierre was slowly acquired power. He and his supporters then set out to build a “Republic of Virtue”. After a bloody history due to monarchy, they despised the system and set out to obliterate everything with connotations of this past. Then in the summer of 1793, Robespierre created and lead the Committee of Public Safety. This committee was designed to designate the enemies of the Republic. However, it often gave no trials and killed many of its suspects. His power rivaled a dictator, and his authority became known as the Reign of Terror. He justified his reign of terror with speeches that it enabled citizens to remain true to the ideals of the revolution. In October, many of the leaders of the revolution were killed simply because they weren’t as radical as Robespierre. Then in 1794, a group of conspirators from the National Convention turned on him, and he was guillotined.

Explanation: At a time during the French Revolution, people were unhappy with the monarchy and wanted a new form of government. In change, they took on Robespierre who became like a Dictator. People thought that a new form of government was better so they accepted him as their new leader. However it was not very successful, due to him killing so many people and acting like the dictator before him.

Image: A portrait of Maximilien de Robespierre, a French lawyer and politician, and member of the Committee of Public Safety from July 27, 1793 to July 27, 1794.

His authority lasted from 1793 to 1794

https://mcrobrevolution.wikispaces.com/file/view/robespierre.jpg/33785327/robespierre.jpg

By Ben, Jesus, Lindsey

Reign of Terror Ends July 1793-1794By Erica Pohl and Mary WinnickSummary:

A dictator named Maximilien Robespierre began to gain control. He tried to re-build France and build a “republic of virtue.” He wanted the public to be afraid of him so they would listen to what he was saying. He did this by executing people for little reasons. He also changed the calendar so the months didn’t revolve around the saints.

Explanation:The Reign of Terror Ends affected France because it was the last event that occurred in the revolution. After the public turned on Maximilien Robespierre a new form of government was created. This specifically focused on the upper/middle class. The Directory was made up of five mean called directors. This helped manage the country and set it into order. Napoleon Bonaparte commanded France’s army who eventually began to lead France in the right direction. The End of the Terror is ironic because the reason the revolution started was so the people could have more freedom. In the end, they concluded with having the army control the people again.

Image:Maximilien Robespierre executed anyone that got in the way of him. He executed roughly 40,000 people by the end of his reign. Anyone who challenged the way he ran things would be executed. In the picture above he is beheading someone. You can see that there are a lot of people around watching which shows how public the deaths were and how un sensitive he was.