Mediastinal Tumors

Dept. of Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg

Zhujiang Hospital

The Mediastinum

What is mediastinum?

Subdivision of mediastinum

as seen on cross section

anterior mediastinum (1)

middle mediastinum (2)

posterior mediastinum (3)

Anterior Superior

Thymus GlandAortic ArchSVC Superior Vena CavaLymph NodeParathyroid Gland Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Middle

PericardiumHeartGreat VesselsTracheaTrachea BifurcationMain BronchiPhrenic NerveHilar Lymph Node

Posterior

EsophagusVagus nervesSympathetic ChainThoracic ductThoracic desending AortaAzygosHemiazygos veinParavertebral Lymphnode

Superior

ThymomaLymphomaThyroid adenomaParathyroid adenoma

Anterior

ThymomaTeratodermoidCarcinomaLymphangiomaLipoma

Middle

Pericardial cystBronchogenic cystEnterogenous cystLymphoma

Posterior

Neurogenic tumor

Symptoms

Cough Shortness of Breath Chest pain Fever , Chills Night Sweats Hoarseness Pleural effusion Horner’s syndrome Diaphragmatic paralysis

Diagnostic

Chest X-RaysCT ( Computed Tomography)MRICT guided needle biopsyMediastinoscopy with biopsyRadionuclide Scanning

Treatment

Varies according location of tumorsCommon --- Surgical resection

Thymic Cancer – Surgery follow by radiation/or chemotherapy

ExceptionLymphatic Tumors

Prognosis

Varies depending on type of tumors and

resection.Benign tumors – excellent prognosisMalignant tumors – depends on the type

and stage

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Thank you