mdgs provincial status report 2010 philippines sarangani

1Philippines Fourth Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals using CBMS Data - Province of Province of Marinduque

Province of SARANGANI

Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals

(MDGs)Using CBMS Data

Province of Sarangani

3Province of SaranganiStatus Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data

This Provincial Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report was prepared in accordance with DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2004-152 dated 10 November 2004, “Guide to Local Government Units in the Localization of the MDGs”.

The report contains the summary of the entire efforts rendered by the province and its component LGUs for the Sarangans through close partnership with line agencies of national government and non-government organizations. Similarly, this report serves as feedback to executive and legislative bodies for further exploration of measures that would foster the quality of life of the people.

With the implementation of CBMS in the province in 2008, we were able to measure the progress towards achieving the targets of MDG in 2015. With this MDG Report, the current status, policies, programs and interventions are being assessed.

This report quantifies the achievements that have been shown and provides a measure of the tasks that remain or yet to be achieved. It also summarizes progress towards the eight goals of the province.

A lot of challenges were in the way in the implementation of the different programs/projects of the province. Nevertheless, these programs/projects were implemented to ensure the delivery of appropri-ate services and interventions to address the need of our constituents. As contained in this MDG report, the Provincial Government has implemented programs and projects and formulated policies in line with its thrust of Progress and Good Governance and to help achieve the targets of the MDG.

This report would not have been made possible without the support and cooperation of various Provincial Government Offices including National Government Agencies for the valuable contribu-tion they provided for the completion of this report. With this, earnest appreciation and thanks are extended to them.

To the staff of the Provincial Planning and Development Office, for the support that led to the

completion of this work, sincere thanks and appreciation are hereby extended.

To the dynamic Provincial Officials headed by the Honorable Governor Miguel Rene A. Domin-guez, Vice Governor Steve Chiongbian Solon, Members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan and the Municipal Mayors of the seven component municipalities, special recognition is extended for responsive governance they pursue.

To our fellow Sarangans, this humble accomplishment is hereby dedicated!

RENE S. PARABA OIC- PPDC

Foreword


4Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data

Acknowledgments

We wish to express our deepest gratitude for the invaluable support of the following individuals / groups in the formulation of this Provincial Millennium Development Goal Report of Sarangani.

To the PEP-CBMS Network Coordinating Team and the United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) Philippines for their invaluable assistance and support.

To the Honorable Governor Miguel Rene A. Dominguez who leads the prioritization of this endeavor.

To the Municipal Mayors and Municipal Planning and Development Coordinators of the seven component municipalities of the province, for their inputs and assistance in the preparation of this report.

To the Provincial line Departments for allowing their respective staff as part of the Community-Based Monitoring System – Technical Working Group that provided techni-cal assistance and supervision to the municipalities in completing their CBMS data.

And above all, to our Almighty God for his steadfast love, guidance, and manifold grace.

The Provincial CBMS Team


Message

The preparation of provincial MDGs reports is a critical step that Local Govern-ment Units (LGUs) have taken in the overall effort to localize the MDGs. As it is often said, the MDGs will be ‘won or lost’ at the local level given the conditions of uneven progress and disparities across regions and provinces in the country.

Beyond the national averages, one can see wide disparities on the gains in poverty reduction, universal education, child mortality and maternal health. This situation reinforces the notion that the progress of each province is just as important as the achievements of the country as a whole. After all, the Philippines’ progress towards the MDGs, is the sum of the efforts and gains of all LGUs.

By preparing provincial reports, LGUs are provided vital information on the status of the MDGs in their areas of infl uence. These reports are important sources

of information for planning, resource allocation and priority setting that LGUs are tasked under their mandate of effective local governance. Likewise, in the course of the preparation of the reports, the capacity of LGUs to collect, monitor and use data for decision making has been greatly enhanced. The reports also show how far the Community Based Monitoring System (CBMS) that UNDP has supported can go in terms of its use.

Against the backdrop of renewed optimism emanating from the new political leadership, this fi rst set of nine Provincial Reports on the MDGs is a timely and important milestone. The reports provide crucial insights on how to overcome the constraints in achieving the MDGs locally as the country gears towards the last stretch to attain the eight goals by 2015. They also emphasize the important role of active collaboration of political leaders, stakeholders, and donors in achieving the MDGs.

I wish to commend the nine Provincial Governments that prepared their reports – the Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Biliran, Camarines Norte, Eastern Samar, Marinduque, Romblon, Sa-rangani, and Siquijor Province – the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) Network and the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) for working together in bringing about this important accomplishment.

With this initiative, it is hoped that other provinces will follow suit to attain nationwide support for the need to accelerate the pace of the achievement of the MDGs by 2015.

Dr. Jacqueline Badcock

UN Resident Coordinator and UNDP Resident Representative

Dr Jacqueline Badcock



The Province of Sarangani is quite young compared to the other prov-inces. However, this fact has not deterred the offi cials and employees of the Provincial Government in vigorously pursuing its mission and vision.

The Province ranked 4th and 11th among the poorest provinces in the country based on Small Area Estimates of the National Statistical Coordi-nation Board with poverty incidence of 63% and 52% in 2003 and 2006,

respectively. However, we cannot identify who they are, where they are and what necessary interventions they need.

With the implementation of Community-Based Monitoring System in the province, the ex-tent of poverty and its characteristics – face, nature and cause of poverty are identifi ed from Municipal, Barangay to household level. CBMS is a tool to assess the progress towards the achievement of Millennium Development Goals. With this MDG report, the current status, policies, programs and interventions for the 8 goals, 18 targets, and 48 indicators are being assessed.

The delivery of basic government services to the people of Sarangani is in the forefront of the local development agenda of the present administration. The efforts of the Provincial Govern-ment are all geared towards the reduction of poverty and upliftment of the living conditions of all Sarangans.

A lot of challenges were in the way in the implementation of the different programs/proj-ects of the province. Nevertheless, these programs/projects were implemented to ensure the delivery of appropriate services and interventions to address the need of our constituents. As contained in this MDG report, the Provincial Government has implemented programs and projects in line with its thrust of Unity, Progress and Good Governance and to help achieve the goals and targets in the MDG.

Republic of the PhilippinesPROVINCE OF SARANGANIOFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR

Message


With our aim for an improved governance system, greater transparency and accountability in resource allocation, the MDG Report provides the situation of the province and the policies/programs/projects as well as the recommendations to improve and address the challenges identifi ed under each goal.

We have seen the need for the local government units to take initiatives and pursue dynamic programs to uplift the living condition of its constituents. With our local initiative to focus all our efforts, programs and interventions towards addressing poverty situation in the province, and with full support and commitment of the Provincial leadership, employees and its constituents, we can reduce poverty in the province!

The people of Sarangani will see more dynamic projects for their own good in the near future. In fact, the present leadership is committed in developing every sector of the province and to take out the province from among the top 20 most impoverished province in the country by year 2010.

With this in mind, we will be able to utilize all our resources right, with the right target and appropriate interventions with sustainability as a common ground.

I would like to personally give my sincere gratitude to the people who in one way or another have contributed their efforts for the preparation of the Provincial Millennium Development Goals Report. This shows that as a team, we could do everything right.

Mabuhay ang Sarangani! MIGUEL RENE A. DOMINGUEZ

Governor



Table of Contents

Foreword OIC-PPDC, Rene S. Paraba ...............................................Acknowledgements ...................................................................................

Messages s UN Resident Coordinator Dr. Jacqueline Badcock ................ Sarangani Governor Miguel Rene A. Dominguez ....................

Table of Contents ....................................................................................... List of Acronyms ........................................................................................ List of Tables .............................................................................................. List of Figures ............................................................................................

Executive Summary .............................................................................

Part I. Provincial Profile

1. Brief Historical Background ............................................................... 2. Geo-Physical Environment .................................................................3. Population & Social Environment ....................................................... 4. Local Economy ................................................................................... 5. Infrastructure/Utilities/Facilities .......................................................... 6. Local Institutional Capability .............................................................

Part II. Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

1. Goal 1 - Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger .......................................

2. Goal 2 - Achieve Universal Primary Education ..........................................

3. Goal 3 - Promote Gender Equality ............................................................ 4. Goal 4 - Reduce Child Mortality .............................................................

5. Goal 5 - Improve Maternal Health .........................................................

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Table of Contents

6. Goal 6 - Combat HIV / AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases ....................................

7. Goal 7 - Ensure Environmental Sustainability .....................................................

8. Goal 8 - Develop Global Partnership for Development ........................................

Part III. Meeting the 2015 Challenge

1. Priority Programs and Policy Responses ........................................................ 2. Financing the MDGs ..................................................................................... 3. Monitoring the MDGs ...................................................................................

Explanatory Text ..............................................................................................

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AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeBeMONC Basic Emergency Obstetric CareBIMP EAGA Brunie Indonesia Malaysia Philippines East Asia Growth AreaCBMS Community Base Monitoring SystemCFAD Community Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentCPC Country Program for ChildrenCSR Corporate Social ResponsibilityDOH Department of HealthDOTS Direct Observed Treatment Short CourseDSL Digital Subscriber LineECPC Environmental Conservation and Protection CenterFIES Family Income, Expenditure and SavingsGAD Gender and DevelopmentHIV Human Immuno Deficiency VirusIP Indigenous PeopleIRA Internal Revenue AllotmentIRR Internal Rules and RegulationJAGS CT Jose Abad Santos Glan Sarangani Cooperation TriangleKALAHI-CIDSS - Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan – Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social ServicesLAC Local Aids CouncilLCCT Local Conditional Cash TransferLFPR Labor Force Participation RateLGU Local Government UnitMAKIMA Maasim Kiamba MaitumMASL Meter Above Sea LevelMATCH Maximizing Access to Child HealthMDG Millennium Development GoalsMFLUP Municipal Forest Land Use PlanMLGUs Municipal Local Government Units

List of Acronyms


MOA Memorandum of AgreementNGO Non Government OrganizationNNE North to North EastPAL Philippine AirlinesPAMB Protected Area Management BoardPEP Poverty and Economic PolicyPILTEL Pilipino Telephone Corporation PLDT Philippine Long Distance Telephone CompanyPOPCEN Population CensusPPSS Paaral Sa SaranganPUJ Public Utility JeepneysPW4SP Provincial Water Supply, Sewerage and Sanitation PlanPW4SU Provincial Water Supply, Sewerage and Sanitation UnitQUEST Quality Education for Sarangan TodayRA Republic ActRDT Rapid Diagnostic TreatmentSENREM Sarangani Environment and Natural ResourcesSELAP Support to Emergency Livelihood Assistance ProgramSOCCSKASARGEN South Cotabato, Cotabato City, Sultan Kudarat Sarangani and General Santos City SPECTRUM Sarangani Province Empowerment and Community Transformation Forum, IncorporatedSSE South to South EastSSW South to South WestSTI Sexually Transmitted DiseasesUNICEF United Nation Children FundUSAID United State Agency for International Development4Ps Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

List of Acronyms



Table 1. Summary of Findings of CBMS-MDG Indicators, Province of Sarangani, 2007Table 2. Magnitude and Proportion of Households/Population Living Below Poverty Threshold, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 3. Magnitude and Proportion of Households/Population Living Below Food Threshold, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 4. Poverty Gap Ratio, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Table 5. Employment Rate, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 6. Magnitude and Proportion of Households/Population who Experienced Food Shortage, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 7. Magnitude and Proportion of Underweight Children under 5 Years of Age, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 8. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old Enrolled in Elementary School, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 9. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 13-16 Years Old Enrolled in High School, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 10. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 6-16 Years Old Enrolled in School, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 11. Literacy Rate of 15-24 Year Olds, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 12. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary Education, by Municipality, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 13. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Secondary Education, by Municipality, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 14. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Tertiary Education, by Municipality, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 15. Ratio of Literate Females to Males (15-24 years old), by Municipality, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 16. Proportion and Magnitude of Elective Seats Held by Women, by Municipality, SaranganiTable 17. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 0 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 18. Magnitude and Proportion of Infants who Died, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 19. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 1 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 20. Proportion of Women Deaths Due to Pregnancy-Related Causes, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

List of Tables


List of Tables

Table 21. Proportion of Couples who Use Contraception, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 22. Proportion of Couples Using Condom Among Those Who are Practicing Contraception, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 23. Prevalence and Death Rates Associated with Tuberculosis, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 24. Magnitude and Proportion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 25. Magnitude and Proportion of Population with Access to Sanitary Toilet Facility, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 26. Magnitude and Proportion of Population who are Informal Settlers, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 27. Magnitude and Proportion of Population who are Living in Makeshift Housing, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 28. Magnitude and Proportion of Population who are Living in Inadequate Living Conditions, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 29. Proportion of the Households with Landlines/Telephone Lines, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural. Sarangani, 2007Table 30. Proportion of the Households with Cellphones, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 31. Proportion of the Households with Computers, by Municipality and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007Table 32. The CBMS-MDG Indicators and their DefinitionTable 33. Poverty and Food Thresholds



Figure 1. Proportion of Population Below Poverty Threshold, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 2. Proportion of Population Below Food Threshold, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 3. Poverty Gap Ratio, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 4. Employment Rate, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 5. Proportion of Population who Experienced Food Shortage, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 6. Prevalence of Underweight Children under 5 Years of Age, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 7. Proportion of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old Enrolled in Elementary School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 8. Proportion of Children Aged 13-16 Years Old Enrolled in High School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 9. Proportion of Children Aged 6-16 Years Old Enrolled in School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 10. Literacy Rate of 15-24 Year Olds, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 11. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 12. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Secondary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 13. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Tertiary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 14. Ratio of Literate Females to Males (15-24 years old), by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 15. Proportion of Elective Seats Held by Women, by Municipality, SaranganiFigure 16. Proportion of Children Aged 0 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 17. Proportion of Infants who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 18. Proportion of Children Aged 1 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 19. Proportion of Women Deaths Due to Pregnancy-Related Causes, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 20. Proportion of Couples who Use Contraception, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 21. Proportion of Couples Using Condom Among Those Who are Practicing Contraception, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 22. Prevalence and Death Rates Associated with Tuberculosis, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 23. Proportion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 24. Proportion of Population with Access to Sanitary Toilet Facility, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 25. Proportion of Population who are Informal Settlers, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 26. Proportion of Population who are Living in Makeshift Housing, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 27. Proportion of Population who are Living in Inadequate Living Conditions, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 28. Proportion of the Households with Landlines/Telephone Lines, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 29. Proportion of the Households with Cellphones, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 30. Proportion of the Households with Computers, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007Figure 31. CBMS Coverage in the Philippines (as of May 12, 2010)

List of Figures


The 1st Provincial Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report of Sarangani Province is a result of the collaborative efforts of the Provincial Government of Sarangani, the PEP-Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) Network Coordinating Team and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Philippines. It aims to monitor prog-ress toward the attainment of the MDGs in the province and to increase local awareness on how this report can bridge local and na-tional development strategies.

The report used the results of the 2007 CBMS survey in relation to the MDG. The results pre-sented in this report suggest that there have been some good news and not so good news in some indicators while some are pos-ing a great challenge for the remaining five years, from the time of writing of this report to

the target year of 2015 to achieve the MDG. More detailed information are contained in the main report.

Good news

• Poverty gap ratio was 0.3. • Prevalence of underweight children is 4.0, which already surpassed the 2015 national target of 17.3.• The province also has an ideal 1:1 gender ratio in primary education. • Ratio of literate females to males aged 15-24 is 0.9, which is closer to the 2015 national target of 1.0.• Under-five mortality rate is 0.3.• There are no reported cases of deaths as-sociated with HIV/AIDS and malaria.• Proportion of the population living as in-formal settlers and in makeshift housing were

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



culosis. Total death toll throughout the prov-ince was 65 and most of them were males.• Proportion of the population with access to safe drinking water was 70 percent, posting a shortage of about 16 percent to the nation-al target. • Proportion of urban population with access to improved sanitation was quite high at 62.1 percent but falls short by about 17 percent against the 2015 national target.• Proportion of households with landlines/telephone lines was very low despite the presence of several telecommunication ser-vice providers serving the province.

Posing Great Challenge:

• There is a need to reduce the percentage of poor Sarangans by 46 percent to be at par with the national target of 22.7.• The percentage of children aged 6-12 who are enrolled in elementary education has to be increased by 32 percent to meet the 100 percent national target for 2015.• Gender disparity in the areas of education and political participation has to be eliminat-ed. There is a need to level the ratio of boys and girls in secondary and tertiary education and to increase the proportion of seats held by women in municipalities and the province.

low at 3 percent and 4 percent, respectively.• About 56 percent of the land area was cov-ered by forest.• Twenty-three percent (23%) of the total area of the province was declared as pro-tected area.

Not-so-Good-News

• Proportion of the population with income below the poverty threshold was 70 percent, which is quite high relative to the national tar-get of 22.7. • About 56 percent of the population were living below the food threshold.• Proportion of children aged 6-12 who are enrolled in elementary education was 68 percent. This implies that close to one-third of the school-age population at the primary level are not in school.• Literacy rate among population aged 15-24 was 91 percent but still below the 100 per-cent national target.• Wider disparity in terms of gender distribu-tion among local officials of the province and municipalities exists. Proportion of seats held by women in municipalities and the province was merely 15 percent.• The province also had relatively high preva-lence and death rates associated with tuber-


Table 1. Summary of Findings of CBMS-MDG Indicators, Province of Sarangani, 2007 (Goals 1 - 3)



Table 1. Summary of Findings of CBMS-MDG Indicators, Province of Sarangani, 2007 (Continued, Goals 4 - 8)

Source: CBMS Survey


1.Brief History

Sarangani Province, formerly third district of South Cotabato, was created as a sepa-rate province by virtue of Republic Act 7228 through the effort of the then 3rd Congres-sional District Representative Hon. James L. Chiongbian. The said Act was signed by former President Corazon C. Aquino on March 16, 1992 constituting the seven (7) municipalities formerly under South Cota-bato Province. Such include the coastal municipalities of Maitum, Kiamba, Maasim, Alabel, Malapatan, and Glan as well as the upland municipality of Malungon.

Because of their proximity to Sarangani Bay and Island, the name was given to the newly created Province. The name itself is legendary —it is about Saranganing, an

adventurous son of a Sangil family from the coast of Celebes off Indonesia. His sailing often brought him to the Sultanate of Buayan (now General Santos City), the stronghold of Maguindanaoans. His out-standing character impressed the people that they named the bay in his honor.

It was during the American period when settlers from Luzon and Visayas migrated into the area. The first migrants were Ce-buanos who arrived and settled in Glan along Sarangani Bay in 1914, then, Ilocano settlers set up homesteads in Kiamba in 1918, and Ilonggo settlers arrived in Malun-gon in the 1930s. In the ensuing years, thousands more from Luzon and the Visayas would settle in the area. Hence Sarangani's

Part 1.

Provincial Profile



population today is largely a mix of migrant Hiligaynons, Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Tagalogs and Muslims.

Amidst all these, the indigenous tribes of the land have managed to preserve their culture and shared their ancestral land with the settlers. Intermarriages among the groups have made the province a land of harmonious coexistence. The languages and dialects spoken are interwoven with the lingua franca of the province's origi-nal inhabitants. But Cebuano, Ilonggo, and Ilocano are the most widely spoken dialects, which the natives have adopted through time.

2. Geo-Physical Environment

Sarangani Province is located in the south-ernmost part of the island of Mindanao and part of Region XII. It is an oddly shaped prov-ince separated into two by General Santos City. It lies between latitude of about 5° 33’ 41” to 6° 32’ 4” North and longitude of about 124° 21’ 39.6” to 125° 35’ 11” East. Its elongated western section faces south to the Celebes Sea with its back to the Daguma Range and South Cotabato. Its western edge touches Sultan Kudarat, while the eastern tip ends at Sarangani Bay. The eastern section is also elongated in a north-south direction. Its northern tip and eastern fl ank is against Davao del Sur and the Alip Range. Its west-ern side is bounded by the province of South Cotabato, General Santos City and Saran-gani Bay. Alabel, the provincial capital is approximately 15 kilometers by road from General Santos City Hall, 140 kilometers SSW of Davao City and 73 kilometers SSE of Koronadal City, the regional administra-tive seat of government of SOCCSKSARGEN Region.

2.1 Topography

The terrain of Sarangani Province is char-acterized by flatlands, rolling hills, and mountains. Out of the total land area of the province being 3,986.64 square kilometers, 29.86 percent or 1,190.32 square kilome-ters fall within 500-1000 meters above sea level (masl) elevation. Constituting the least area of the province fall within 1000 meters and above elevation which is only 304.05 square kilometers (7.63%). The sec-ond biggest area share fall between 100-300 meters above sea level elevation with 1,002.59 square kilometers or 25.15 percent of the total land area. Only 14.5 percent fall between 0-100 masl elevation or 578.01 square kilometers; and 22.87 percent or 911.67square kilometers is in the category of 300-500 masl.

2.2 Climate

The climate in Sarangani Province falls un-der the 4th Climatic Type having a rainfall of more or less evenly distributed throughout the year with no pronounced rain periods. The annual average rainfall in Sarangani Province was 779.9 mm in 2002, 807.7 mm in 2003, and 872.8 mm in 2004, which indi-cates an increasing rainfall every year. Rain-fall patterns of the province contribute to the high production levels in agriculture. Aver-age annual air temperature is 27.1°C. The hottest month is April where the maximum temperature reached its highest at 33.7°C, while the coldest month is January which registered at 21.5°C, the lowest. Relative humidity reading ranges from 76 percent to 84 percent. Prevailing wind direction blows towards North to Northeast (NNE).


is 0.40% lower than the average annual growth rate of 2.44 percent during the pe-riod 1995-2000. Among the municipalities, Maasim was the fastest growing area in terms of population with an average annual growth rate of 3.79 percent from 1995-2007. This was followed by Alabel with 3.72 per-cent. Glan, Malapatan and Kiamba also registered higher growth rates than the province On the other hand, Maitum and Malungon are the municipalities registered below the provincial growth rate

3.3 Social Services

3.3.1 Education

As of SY 2005-2006, there were 211 pub-lic elementary schools in Sarangani, about 76 percent were classified as “complete elementary schools” while the rest were either “incomplete primary schools” (6%), “complete primary schools” (14%), and “incomplete elementary schools” (4%). Municipalities with the most number of schools were Maitum with 60 elementary schools; Glan, 40 schools; and Alabel, 26 schools. As of SY 2005-2006, there were 28 public secondary schools in the province, 71 percent (20 schools) were considered main/independent secondary schools while the others were considered annex second-ary schools.

3.3.2 Health Facilities and Health Workers

Sarangani Province has no Provincial Hos-pital but has one (1) private hospital and six (6) public hospitals namely Kiamba District Hospital, Maasim Municipal Hospital, Mai-tum Municipal Hospital, Malungon Municipal Hospital, Glan Municipal Hospital, and Glan Medicare and Community Hospital.

3.Population and Social Environment

The population of the province based on 2007 Census of Population (POPCEN 2007) was 475,514 persons registering an increase of 64,892 persons over the 2000 population of 410,662. This figure ac-counted for 12.42 percent of the region’s total population and only 0.54 percent of the country’s population. Among the four provinces in the region, Sarangani has the lowest population.

Among the municipalities of the province, around 21.59 percent of the province’s population reside in Glan, 20.19 percent in Malungon, 15.11 percent in Alabel, 13.80 percent in Malapatan, 11.15 percent in Ki-amba, 10.36 percent in Maasim, and the remaining 7.79 percent in Maitum. Glan is the most thickly populated with 102,676 persons. On the other hand, Maitum has the least number of persons with 37,054.

3.1 Population Density

Population density in the province in 2007 was 119 persons per square kilometer, 76 persons lower than the region’s population density (195 persons/square kilometer) for the same year and 16 persons higher than the province’s population density level of 103 in 2000. Of the municipalities, Glan registered the highest population density with 147 persons per square kilometer while Maasim had the lowest population density with only 98 persons per square kilometer.

3.2 Population Growth Rate

The average annual population growth rate of the province during the intercensal period 2000 to 2007 is 2.04 percent. This



For the existing 5 primary hospitals and 1 dis-trict hospital, the following key personnel are responsible for the delivery of primary hospital services—12 physicians, 23 nurses, 6 medical technologists, 3 X-ray technicians, 5 pharmacists, 1 dentist, and 2 nutritionists.

3.3.3 Social Welfare

For the period 2006, there were a total of 346 day care centers in 140 barangays in Sarangani, serving a total of 12,947 children. Out of the total number of barangays, 99.28 percent have

day care centers. This can be attributed to the massive/extensive advocacy on the day care service program implemented by the government, which have become widely accepted due to services it offers to pre-school children.

4. Local Economy

4.1 Economic Sector

Based on the Family Income, Expenditures and Savings (FIES, 2006), the total annual


family income of Sarangani in 2006 was estimated at Php9.0 billion indicating an in-crease of 36 percent over the 2003 estimate of Php6.6 billion. The total family expendi-ture was approximately Php8.7 billion, an increase of 45 percent over the 2003 estimate of Php6.0 billion. Adjusting for the infl ation between 2003 and 2006, total annual family income in 2006 would be valued at Php7.4 billion at 2003 prices. Likewise, the total fam-ily expenditure in 2006 would be valued at Php7.1 billion at 2003 prices.

In 2006, the average annual income of families in Sarangani was estimated at Php91 thousand. The 2006 average an-nual income is 22 percent higher than the 2003 estimated average. Meanwhile, the average annual expenditure of families increased from Php64 thousand in 2003 to Php88 thousand in 2006, or by 27 percent over the three-year period. These numbers translate into average savings in 2006 of only Php3 thousand per family, the 2003 estimate was Php7 thousand per family.

4.2 Labor and Employment

Based on the October 2006 Labor Force Survey of the National Statistics Offi ce (NSO), about 39.8 percent of employed persons in the region were laborers and unskilled work-ers whose minimal incomes are most vulner-able to price increases. They numbered 615 thousand out of the region’s estimated 1,546 thousand employed persons.

In 2003, Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in Sarangani was estimated at 92 percent among males while 42 percent for females. About 32 percent of the persons 15 years old and over were considered “not in the labor force”. The unemployment for

Sarangani doubled from 5.34 percent in 2002 to 11.9 percent in 2003. LFPR was higher in urban (76.8%) than in rural areas (66.4%). Unemploy-ment rate on the other hand was also higher in urban areas (18.6%) than in rural areas (9.96%).

5.Infrastructure/Utilities/Facilities

5.1 Land Transportation

Public transport of different modes serves both the inter-provincial and intra-provincial need of the province to transfer goods and people from one place to another. Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJs) are still the most common mode of public transport for inter-municipality routes in the prov-ince. Commuter vans with capacity of 14 to 18 passengers serve as alternate mode of transport for Glan-Malapatan-General Santos; Malungon-General Santos; and Maitum-Kiamba-Maasim-General Santos route. Multicab, a small utility vehicle with capacity of 11 passengers serve the Alabel-General Santos route.

Locally-assembled six-wheel PUJs with truck engines and bigger bodies known as “weapon” ply the inner mountainous route. Ordinary PUJs



are not appropriate for this route owing to its very rugged terrain.

Tricycles with capacity of 4-6 passengers are still the most common public transport within the urban centers of the province. Un-conventional types of transport have been common in the rural areas. Among these are single motorcycles with extended seat to accommodate six passengers, locally known as “Habal-habal” or “skylab”—usually transport goods and people from the remotest barangays to the main high-way and vice versa; the “trisikad“ powered by a single stroke motor engine commonly used in pumpboats; and the “kuliglig” —a cart drawn by a hand tractor for farm cul-tivation.

5.2 Roads and Bridges

The road network in the province as of De-cember 2006 had a total length of 1,477.523 kilometers. About forty-four percent (44%) of these were barangay roads, twenty-six percent (26%) were provincial roads, thir-teen percent (13%) were municipal roads, and seventeen percent (17%) were national roads. The road to population ratio was 3.11 kilometers per 1000 population and the road density was 3.11 kilometers per thousand hectares of land area.

Of the 88 bridges in the province, 21 are bailey, 47 are concrete, and 20 are steel bridges. Most of concrete bridges (38) are constructed along National Roads, while bailey bridges are usually constructed along Provincial and Barangay Roads with 12 and 7 bridges, respectively. Steel bridges on the other hand, are usually constructed along National and Provincial Roads. The most extensive length of bridges were con-

structed along National Roads with 2,489 ln.m, and the least is along Municipal Roads with only 132 ln.m.

5.3 Air Transportation

The province has no airport thus, it avails of the air transport services of the General Santos City (GSC) Airport in Tambler. There are three major airlines regularly using the General Santos City Airport: the Philippine Airlines (PAL) and Cebu Pacific with daily flights from Manila-General Santos and vice versa, and Air Philippines with flight from Manila-General Santos via Cebu and vice versa. GSC Airport has been the major facility in transporting fresh tuna to Metro Manila and other countries, such as Japan, United States, Europe, etc.

5.4 Sea Transportation

The Port of General Santos City (Ma-kar Wharf) is the major seaport near the province. At present, the Makar Wharf in General Santos City caters to international vessels from Singapore, Malaysia, Indone-sia, and Japan as well as, domestic vessels such as WG&A, Superferry and other sea crafts from Manila, Cebu, Iloilo, Davao, and Zamboanga.

The municipal ports in the province are located in the municipalities of Glan and Ki-amba which caters primarily to fi shing vessels of local fi shermen from Kiamba, Maitum, and Glan. The Port of Glan is rehabilitated and upgraded to serve as terminal ports of Jose Abad Santos-Glan-Sarangani – Coopera-tion Triangle (JAGS CT).

5.5 Telecommunication


As of December 2007, major private tele-phone carriers, such as PLDT, Piltel, Bayan-tel, Globe, and Smart, among others are serving the province. Cellular sites, as well as, Internet service providers, are generally present in the province.

5.6 Energy and Electrification

The Southwestern Mindanao District of the National Transmission Corporation (Trans-co) transmit power from the Mindanao Grid through their six (6) major transmission lines with the capacity of 138 KV. South Cotabato Electric Cooperative II (Socoteco II), the electric cooperative in the province draw power from substations namely the Sari-Malapatan-Glan S/S; Klinan-Maasim S/S; and Maasim-Kiamba-Maitum S/S.

Of the total 140 barangays in the province, 90 percent (126 barangays) have already been provided with electricity. In terms of households served with electricity, 33.11 per-cent (27,445 households) of the total number of households were already provided with the services of the Socoteco II in the province.

6. Local Institutional Capability

6.1 Local Administrative Personnel/StaffThere are 1,299 provincial government

officials and employees as of December 2008. This number includes 15 elective of-ficials, 20 department heads, 558 perma-nent employees, 115 employees assigned in hospitals and 626 non-career employees which include contractual, job orders and honorarium-paid employees. These per-sonnel are assigned in the different depart-ments of the provincial government.

6.2 Government Support OrganizationsThere are several government support or-

ganizations operating at the barangay level in all of the municipalities of the province. These organizations include Pulisya ng Ba-rangay, Lupong Tagapamayapa, Barangay Disaster Coordinating Council, Barangay Development Council, and Sangguniang Kabataan. All of these organizations are partners of the government in the imple-mentation of development programs and projects.


26Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data PPrroovviinnccee ooff SSaarraannggaannii


Part 2. Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals

Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerTarget 1.A : Halve between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day.

A. Status and Trends

Proportion of Population Living Below Poverty Threshold

As of 2007, the poverty incidence in the Province of Sarangani is about 69.5 percent or a total of 267,088 population with income

below poverty threshold. The annual per capita poverty threshold was placed at Php16,099 for urban and Php13,044 for rural.

Among the 7 municipalities of the province, the worst poverty-stricken is Malapatan with 81.9 percent, while the least stricken is the municipality of Maasim of about 64.4 percent. High incidence of poverty is noticeable in rural areas, more so in Malapatan. The factors that


contributed to this condition, viz: the province is rural in character and mainly dependent on agriculture, industries present are small scale and there is also poor road access in some areas.

Proportion of Population Living Below the Food ThresholdFifty-six percent (56%) of the provincial population are living below food threshold

level. The annual per capita food threshold was placed at Php10,436 for urban and Php9,288 for rural. High cases are registered in the rural areas comprising 51 percent.

Among its component towns, Malapatan has the highest percentage being 72 percent, while the lowest is Maasim wherein less than half (48%) of its population living below food threshold.

Figure 1. Proportion of Population Below Poverty Threshold, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007

Table 2. Magnitude and Proportion of Households/Population Living Below Poverty Threshold, by Municipality, by Sex, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

Source: CBMS Survey 2007



gap ratios were posted by the munici-palities of Malapatan and Alabel with 0.5 and 0.4 ratios respectively. Among the municipalit ies, the lowest poverty gap ratio was registered in urban areas of Kiamba and Maitum at 0.1.

Poverty Gap Ratio

The province has a Poverty Gap Ratio of 0.3 which is considered low. This also impl ies that those household whose income falls within poverty threshold has a 30 percent shortfall to eliminate poverty in the province. Higher poverty

Table 3. Magnitude and Proportion of Households/Population Living Below Food Threshold by Municipality, by Sex, and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

Figure 2. Proportion of Population Below Food Threshold, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Figure 3. Poverty Gap Ratio, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Target 1.B Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people

Employment Rate

Sarangani Province has a very high employment rate of about 99 percent. However, majority

is short term or seasonal work in character because the economy of province is mainly dependent on agriculture. Moreover, the existing industries in the municipalities are small scale. The municipality that has the highest employment rate is Malapatan with almost 100 percent. Meanwhile, Glan has the least employment rate with 98.9 percent.

Figure 4. Employment Rate, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007


Table 5: Employment rate, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/ Rural, Sarangani 2007


1.C Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of peole who suffer from hunger

Proportion of Population Who Experienced Food Shortage

At least 4 percent of the population of the province has experienced food shortage with

a magnitude of around 14,226 populations. Higher incidence is recorded in the rural areas, more than double compared to urban areas. Among the component municipalities, Maitum has the highest rate with 13 percent while Malungon has the most number of people who experienced food shortage of about 6,739 population. Mostly affected are indigenous people who live in remote areas wherein accessibility is very poor.

Figure 5. Proportion of Population who Experienced Food Shortage, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



32Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data of Sarangani Status Report on the Millennium Development Goa

Prevalence of Underweight Children Under 5 Years of Age

The prevalence of underweight children (under 5 years old) in the province is 4 percent. Incidence is found dominantly in rural areas with a rate of 5 percent or a magnitude of 1,941 children. Among the component municipalities, Malapatan fared well having registered the lowest rate which is merely 0.2 percent. The highest incidence rate of 12.7 percent is recorded in Glan.

B. Current Policies and Programs

The Province is adopting a 2-pronged Strategy for Poverty Reduction, to wit:

1. Promoting Opportunity – National and lo-cal governments should take strong measures to support the build-up of human, land and in-frastructure assets that poor people own or to which they have access. In social settings with high inequality, greater equity is particularly im-portant for rapid progress in reducing poverty.

Table 7. Magnitude and Proportion of Underweight Children under 5 Years of Age, by Municipality, by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

Figure 6. Prevalence of Underweight Children under 5 Years of Age, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007


2. Facilitating Empowerment – National and local government should respond to the needs of the poor through active and effective collaboration among poor people and other groups in society, making public administra-tion, legal institutions and public service de-livery more effi cient and accountable to all citizens including poor people. Effective and effi cient delivery of social services

Currently, the Province is a recipient of several poverty alleviation/reduction pro-grams/projects by the National Govern-ment. These include the 4Ps (or Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program), KALAHI-CIDSS (or Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan – Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services), and MRDP (Mindanao Rural Development Program).

4Ps

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program currently covers 7,500 poorest of the poor families in the municipalities of Malapatan and Maasim. Benefi ciaries of this program receive a monthly subsidy of Php500 each. The program is to be expanded to the fi ve (5) other com-ponent municipalities of the Province with an estimated target of 3,500 poor families.

KALAHI-CIDSS

Sarangani being one among the poorest provinces in the country was selected as recipient of this project. KALAHI-CIDSS is a community-driven development project designed to improve local governance, empower community, and address poverty. The project covers a total of 35 barangays (Municipality of Maitum – 19 and Municipal-ity of Maasim – 16). Each recipient baran-gay will be receiving Php450,000.00 annu-

ally for three years (CY 2010 to 2013) for the prioritized projects of the communities.

MRDP

This is a poverty reduction program for the rural poor, women and indigenous com-munities in Mindanao. It aimed specifically at increasing agricultural production and efficiency; and improving rural incomes in a sustainable manner, improving food se-curity among the poor, and providing sus-tainable mechanisms for rural development through improved institutional service de-livery by the local government units (LGUs) and the agencies concerned. This program has a total package of Php154 million for Sarangani Province which started in 2007 and ends in 2012.

Local Initiative

The Province has just launched the “Proj-ect 1021” as an initiative to address the poverty problem of its constituents. The project’s main objective is for the Province to get out of the top 20 most impoverished provinces by 2010 and eventually eradicate poverty in the near future. This project has the following components:

1.) Livelihood and Employment – promo-tion of access to income and gainful em-ployment of poor households

2.) Social Protection – provision of social assistance (Local Conditional Cash Transfer, protective and rehabilitative services for vul-nerable population, e.g.; youth, women, etc.)

3.) Human Development Services – pro-motion of widespread access to, and improved quality of social services and



infrastructure, especially among poor com-munities.

4.) Institutional Capacity Development – promotion of inter-LGU, inter-agency collaboration and civil society engage-ment in poverty planning and development finance, accessing external resources for poverty alleviation, enhancement of LGU capacity in poverty program administra-tion and implementation, and participatory poverty monitoring and impact evaluation.

C. Challenges

Reducing the poverty incidence by two-thirds to be at par with the national target by 2015 remains to be a major challenge of Sarangani. To make sig-nificant headways, the province needs to mobilize support from various stake-holders by way of resource-sharing and sourcing funds from other funding agen-cies to finance various poverty-reduction programs and projects.



Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Target 2.A Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling


Proportion of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old Enrolled in Elementary School

The population of 6-12 years old is ap-proximately 70,000. Sixty-eight percent

(68%) of these children are enrolled in elementary school which implies that 32 percent or 22,500 are not in school. Partici-pation rate is higher in urban areas because of the proximity of the school facilities.

Among the municipalities, Kiamba has the highest enrollment rate with 75.3 percent because of the presence of several public and private schools in the area. Meanwhile, Malapatan got the lowest participation rate because of the limited number of school facilities established in the area.



Proportion of Children Aged 13-16 Years Old Enrolled in High School

There are about 37,000 children aged 13-16 years old in the province. Of this, only 38 percent or 14,134 are enrolled in high school which implies that almost two-third (2/3) of these children are not in school.

Table 8. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old Enrolled in Elementary School, by Municipality,

by Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

In general, urban areas have higher part ic ipat ion rates than rural areas. Meanwhile, highest participation rate is registered in Kiamba at 45.4 percent while the lowest participation rate is Glan at 30 percent.

Figure 7. Proportion of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old Enrolled in Elementary School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Proportion of Children Aged 6-16 Years Old Enrolled in School

The population of 6-16 years old is about 107,134. Of this, only 74 percent are en-rolled which means that more than a quarter of this population is not in school. School participation is higher in urban (79%) than in the rural (73%) areas. The reasons be-

hind this scenario are attributed to the fol-lowing: poverty, access, location (urban bias) and absorptive capacity of existing school facilities.

Seventy-seven percent (77%) of females in this school-age were enrolled while male is just 71 percent. Highest enrollment rate

Table 9. Magnitude and Proportion of Children Aged 13-16 Years Old Enrolled in High School, by Municipality, by

Sex and by Urban/Rural, Sarangani, 2007

Figure 8. Proportion of Children Aged 13-16 Years Old Enrolled in High School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007




among municipalities is registered in Ki-amba at about 83.4 percent while lowest is in Malapatan with 65.3 percent rate.

Literacy Rate of 15-24 Year OldsSarangani province has a 91 percent lit-

eracy rate of 15-24 year olds. The females have higher literacy rate than males. More literates are found in urban (96%) than in rural (90%) areas.

The municipality that has the highest percentage of literate persons is Kiamba (96.1%). Also, male and female literacy rates in Kiamba were recorded the highest at 96 percent and 97 percent, respectively. On the other hand, Malapatan recorded the lowest literacy rate at 84 percent.

Greater number of illiterate persons in the province belongs to the poor families who

Figure 9. Proportion of Children Aged 6-16 Years Old Enrolled in School, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



cannot afford to send children to school. Most of them are indigenous people who are living in the far-flung barangays.


The province has invested Php13.2 mil-lion for education. There are 70 indigenous people (IP) scholars taking up Bachelor of Science in Elementary Education in the

extension campus of the Mindanao State University located in Malandag, Malungon. Graduates shall be employed to educate the IP community where they reside as soon as they graduate.

In addressing the 30 percent cohort sur-vival rate, the province had established 18 new integrated high school system and boarding schools in the barangays, and

Figure 10. Literacy Rate of 15-24 Year Olds, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007




an additional of Php7 million for the hiring of 300 Provincial School Board teachers to meet the standard teachers– pupil ratio.

In addition, the province has initiated several programs that aim to improve the quality of education and address disparities in education outcomes. These are as follows:

• Quality Education for Sarangan Today (QUEST). An LGU-led education reform program designed at improving the skills of children in reading and comprehension. This program has Php17.8M fund for CY 2010.

• Paaral sa Sarangan (PPSS). A schol-arship program of the province intended

to poor and deserving Sarangans to pursue College/Baccalaureate degree, Vocational/Technical courses, and Sec-ondary Education.

C. Challenges

While the Department of Education (DepEd) has been fielding more number of teachers for the remote barangays to complement the province's campaign for education, clearly there is a need for more interventions to address the noted disparities. For instance, across all levels, females outnumber males. This trend is also observed in the literacy levels of the population. A huge disparity is also evi-dent in the participation rates of children living in urban and rural areas.



Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality

Target 3.A Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015


Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary Education

The province has an ideal gender ratio of 1.0 in primary education. This scenario is more evident in most of the rural areas, however a slight disparity is noted in urban areas wherein the ratio is 0.9 or 9 girls for every 10 boys.

Almost all municipalities have fared well except Alabel and Kiamba which shows a little disparity with a 0.9 ratio or 9 girls for every 10 boys.



Ratio of Girls to Boys in Secondary Education

CBMS data shows that there are more girls than boys in sec-ondary education throughout the province having a ratio of 1.2 or 12 girls for every 10 boys. Higher disproportion is noticeable in rural areas, particularly in Glan, Kiamba, Maasim, and Malapatan with the 1.2 ratio. The biggest dif-ference is recorded in the urban area of Malapatan at 1.3. The inequality is attributed to the fact that girls are more enduring than boys in terms of schooling, and that boys of this age are likely to help in the livelihood activities of their parents whose occupation are mostly farming and fishing.

Figure 11. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007


Ratio of Girls to Boys in Tertiary Education

Girls outnumbered boys in tertiary education by a higher margin. The ratio is 1.3 or 13 girls for every 10 boys. This disparity is felt largely in the rural areas of the province.

Among the municipalities, the highest difference is registered in Maasim at 1.5 or 15 girls for every 10 boys, while the lowest is recorded in Malapatan at 1.1 (11 girls for every 10 boys).

Though higher inequality is noticeable in almost all rural areas of the component municipalities, Maasim however, shows a different picture. Its urban area has the biggest discrepancy at 1.7 (17 girls for ev-ery 10 boys), the highest across all levels (primary, secondary and tertiary). One possible reason for this disparity is that ma-jority of the people living in the urban area are fi shermen. In this type of occupation, boys are preferred because of the strenu-ous character of the job, thereby hindering them from pursuing tertiary education.

Girls to Boys in Tertiary Education

Figure 12. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Secondary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Ratio of Literate Females to Males (15-24 years old)

The ratio of l i terate females to males (15-24 years old) is 0.9 which means tha t t he re a re more l i t e ra te ma les than females in Sarangani or a sex rat io of 9 gir ls for every 10 boys. One reason for this, is that in this province, there are more males than females in

terate Females to Males (15-24 years old)( y )

Figure 13. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Tertiary Education, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007

terms of populat ion wi th a sex rat io of 108 males for every 100 females (POPCEN 2007).

Of the 7 component towns, only 3 are in disproportion namely: Kiamba, Maasim, & Malungon. Highest gap recorded is in the urban area of Malungon with 0.8 ratio or 8 girls for every 10 boys.

Figure 14. Ratio of Literate Females to Males (15-24 years old), by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007


Proportion of Elective Seats Held by Women in Municipality and Province

There is a big disparity in terms of gen-der distribution among local officials of the province and the municipalities. Out of the 236 seats only 36 or a mere 15 percent are currently held by women. Of this, majority

Figure 15. Proportion of Elective Seats Held by Women, by Municipality, Sarangani

is in the urban comprising 75 percent, while the remaining 25 percent is in rural. As to the component municipalities, highest rate of seats occupied by women is in Maasim, comprising 21.4 percent, while the low-est is at 8.3 percent shared by Alabel and Malapatan.




The Province is in full implementation of statutory Gender and Development (GAD) allocation/fund (5% of the total provincial Internal Revenue Allotment or IRA) for GAD programs/projects.

The GAD Code was formulated by the Provincial Government for this purpose. GAD structures are in place and well func-tioning. About Php5 million each year during CY 2008 and CY 2009 had been allocated for programs and projects under Gender and Development.

An Investment Plan for CY 2010 was for-mulated. The plan is composed of gender-responsive priority programs and projects

with a total amount of Php20M cutting across different sectors.

The programs and projects included in CY 2010 GAD fund intended to address gender disparity issues and to significantly reduce the poverty incidence in the province. The distribution shows that biggest priority is given to social services which constitute 66 percent of the total GAD allocation.

The total amount allocated for CY 2010 corresponds to 440 percent increase from Php5M in 2009 to Php22M in 2010. This sig-nifi cant increase in allocation is due to the full implementation of the statutory allocation of 5 percent of the total IRA of the province for Gender and Development Programs other-wise known as the 5 percent GAD Fund.



Target 4.A Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate


Proportion of Children Aged 0 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died

The total number of children 0 to 5 years old in the province is 49,594. Under 5 mor-tality rate in the province registered 0.3 percent or a magnitude of 168 children. Majority of them are males and are residing in urban areas.

Highest rate is 0.5 percent recorded in two municipalities (Kiamba and Maitum) while lowest is 0.2 percent registered in Malungon and Maasim.

Pneumonia is number one leading cause of mortality, followed by congenital mal-formation and diarrhea. Caretakers usu-ally seek first the services of folk healers before consulting the health professionals that contribute to the delay and eventually leads to death. Other reasons include: (a) parents are unable to identify serious signs of illness that need professional help and they cannot decide when to seek immedi-

Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality



ate health care; and (b) low education or illiteracy affects the decisionmaking.

Proportion of Infants who Died

The total live birth of the province is 9,494 during year 2007. Under 1 year old mortality rate registered at 0.6 percent

or a magnitude of 60 infants. Mortality rate of infant males are higher than in-fant females, comprising 65 percent of the total infant deaths. Infant deaths are also higher in urban than in rural areas. Highest infant mortality rate is registered in Maitum at 1.3 percent while the lowest is in Alabel with 0.2 percent.

Figure 16. Proportion of Children Aged 0 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



The top 3 leading causes of deaths are pneumonia, congenital malformation, and infection. These can be attributed to the low turn-out of quality prenatal, low availment of tetanus toxoid, no iron supplementation among pregnant wom-en, no exclusive breastfeeding and poor sanitation.

Proportion of Children Aged 1 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died

The proportion of children aged 1 to less than 5 years old who died is 0.5 percent or a magnitude of 108. Eighty-four percent (84%) of the total children who died are in the rural areas and greater number is male.

Figure 17. Proportion of Infants who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007




Majority of them are from hard to reach areas and without health workers.

Alabel and Malapatan shared the highest proportion of children aged 1 to less than 5 years old who died, with 0.4 percent rate a piece, while Maasim and Malungon got the lowest rate with 0.1 percent each.


a. Tertiary Health Assistance

The provincial government has an exist-ing Executive Order on the cost sharing for health related projects. The counterpart sharing is 70 percent for the province and

Figure 18. Proportion of Children Aged 1 to Less than 5 Years Old who Died, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



30 percent for the municipality. The same cost-sharing is followed in the tertiary hos-pital assistance project of the provincial government. However, not all the municipal governments have enough funds to pay their counterpart, thus leaving the burden to the provincial government.

b. Budget Support for PhilHealth sa Masa Enrollment

Both the Provincial Government of Saran-gani and its seven Municipalities commit-ted to allocate budget for enrolment to the PhilHealth Sponsored Program amounting to Php7M for CY 2010. The target is to en-roll 24,399 indigent families by 2012 from the current enrollment of 2,685.

c. Public and Private Partnership and Networking

Sarangani is an Agri-Tourism Based province and generate majority of its revenues from agriculture, aquaculture, and tourism. The provincial quest for a fast paced economic and cultural devel-opment is propelled by dynamic partner-ships with private entities, NGOs, and foreign partners. In the province, NGOs and other partners were organized into a single entity with different targets and concerns. The organized group, dubbed as SPECTRUM, serves as the umbrella of all NGOs working within the province. In health aspects, various local private stakeholders such as the Mahintana Foundation, RD Groups of Companies, Dole Philippines, and Conrado Alcantara

Foundation are involved in addresing the gaps in health service delivery.

The province has various projects funded by foreign development agencies such as USAID, UNICEF, and Global Fund. Projects supported by USAID are: 1) TBLinc which aims to sustain the coordination and collaboration of TB con-trol partners from both the public and private sectors; 2) HealthGov which aims to develop and strengthen LGUs health system through in-stitutional capabilities and technical assistance providers for participatory, evidence based decision making, enriched and supported by advocacy; and 3) Maximizing Access to Child Health (MATCH) Project which is handled by the International Aid based in the municipality of Kiamba and the project scope is confi ned only for the three municipalities of Kiamba, Maasim and Maitum.

Global Fund Malaria component comple-ments the Malaria Program in the province through the provision of service deliverables such as bednets, chemicals, and medicines. The project also provides funds for trainings of LGUs. UNICEF has also been giving as-sistance to the province since 1994 through its Country Programme for Children (CPC) IV, V, and VI Projects. The program provides cash assistance for trainings, meetings, and monitoring; medicines, supplies, equipment, and instruments for health facilities. Under CPC VI, the project provided fund assistance for the construction of water facilities in some priority barangays under its Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) component.


52Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Sarangani


Target 5.A Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio


Proportion of Women Deaths Due to Pregnancy-Related Causes

The proportion of women deaths due to pregnancy-related causes is 0.2 percent or a magnitude of 21 mothers. Ninety per-cent (90%) or about 19 cases is recorded in rural areas. The reasons may attributed to spaced births, frequent pregnancies, poor detection and management of high-risk pregnancies, poor access to health

Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health



facilities, and lack of competence of health service providers in handling obstetrical emergencies.

Among the municipalities, Maitum and Glan shared the highest rate of 0.5 percent each while Maasim has zero incidence of maternal death.

Target 5.B Achieve, by 2015, Universal Access to Reproductive Health

Proportion of Couples who Use Contraception

Thirty-six percent (36%) or 25,719 couples in the province are using contraception.

Figure 19. Proportion of Women Deaths Due to Pregnancy-Related Causes, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007




Figure 20. Proportion of Couples who Use Contraception, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007

Urban areas recorded a higher percentage than rural areas, because advocacy on the use of contraception is more focused in ur-ban centers.

Among the component towns, Malungon got the highest rate with 44 percent while Malapatan had the lowest rate which is 22 percent.


The formulation of a Province-wide Invest-ment Plan for Health (PIPH) which provides strategic location and intervention of ser-

vices, and the Municipal Investment Plan for Health (MIPH) in achieving the Maternal and Child Health bode well for the compre-hensive and integrated maternal healthcare in the province. To sustain the gains, a number of concerns should be addressed. These include the following:

• Strengthening information, education and communication (IEC) activities for mothers on maternal care

• Providing Basic Emergency Obstetric Care (BeMONC) trainings to health personnel

• Rationalizing of Health Facilities• Formulating contraceptive self-reliance

plan and policy support



Goal 6: Combat HIV/ AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases

Target 6.A Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of hiv/aids


Proportion of Couples Using Condom Among Those Who are Practicing Contraception

The proportion of couples using condom among those who are practicing contra-ception in Sarangani accounts for a mea-sly 1.3 percent equivalent to 333 couples. The municipality of Malungon has the most number with 125 couples. Malapatan has the least number of only 16 couples. Con-dom usage in rural areas is slightly higher than in urban areas.



Target 6.C Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases

Death Rates Associated with Malaria and HIV/AIDSBased on the 2007 CBMS survey results,

there were no incidence of deaths associ-ated with malaria and HIV/AIDS.

Prevalence and Death Rates Associated with Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in the Province. The prevalence of death rates associated with this type of disease is 17 percent. This type of disease has affected more males than females in the Province, and higher in the rural than in urban areas. with malaria and HIV/AIDS. higher in the rural than in urban ar

Figure 21. Proportion of Couples Using Condom Among Those Who are Practicing Contraception, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Among the component towns, Kiamba has the highest number of cases at 20 or 37 percent rate, followed by Maasim and Maitum, while the lowest is recorded in Alabel at about 3 cases or 6 percent rate.

The reasons attributed to these were: (a) delayed consultation of patients to profes-

Province oon the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data

Figure 22. Prevalence and Death Rates Associated with Tuberculosis, by Municipality. Sarangani, 2007

sional service providers that indicates poor appreciation of the TB signs and symptoms; (b) poor adherence to Direct Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS); (c) limited number of trained DOTS treatment part-ners; (d) low treatment compliance; and (e) health workers are not updated on TB treatment protocol.





The province is exerting efforts on Malaria awareness campaign, and is currently col-laborating with local and foreign agencies/organizations for the prevention and control of this disease. A Municipal Malaria Task Force has also been created and currently functional. Barangay Microscopy Centers and Rapid Diagnostic Testing (RDT) sites are also established and functional which cater to the smearing, diagnostic and treat-ment of positive cases.

On the other hand, the province also has an intensified disease prevention and control project to combat some diseases

including tuberculosis. It has established linkage with NGOs for some assistance.

C. Recommendations

The province needs to establish a social hygiene clinic specifically in Glan because of the free entry of people from Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Some health personnel are not trained on Syndromic Management for STI/HIV/AIDS. There is also a need to train health personnel on the Management of Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases. Moreover, there should be strengthening of community based sur-veillance system for prompt reporting and investigation of cases.



Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

Target 7.A Integrate the Principles of Sustainable Development into Country Policies and Programmes and Reverse the Loss of Environmental Resources


Proportion of Land Area Covered by Forest

Sarangani Province has a total land area of 398,664 hectares. Of this, 68 percent or 272,433 hectares are classifi ed as forestland.

Of the total forestland area, more than one-half (56%) is still covered with forest trees. Vast forest-covered areas are found in the western part of the province or the MAKIMA area (Maasim, Kiamba, and Maitum).

Being a rural province, Sarangani is quite free from industrial air pollution. However, its bay is threatened by pollution coming from the wastes being discharged by indus-trial establishments in General Santos City which is a highly urbanized city.



Target 7.C Halve, by 2015, the Proportion of People Without Sustainable Access to Safe Drinking Water and Basic Sanitation

Proportion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water

Based on the 2007 CBMS survey result, 71 percent of the total population of the Province

has access to safe drinking water. A higher number of households with access to safe wa-ter is observed in the urban areas. This is at-tributed to the presence of Water Districts that are operating Level III type of Water Systems (or individual household connections). On the other hand, only 67 percent of households in rural areas have access to safe drinking water.

Among the component towns, the highest is Alabel with 85 percent coverage followed

Figure 23. Proportion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



by Kiamba and Maasim with 84 percent and 83 percent, respectively. The lowest is Glan with less than half of its households having access to safe drinking water.

Proportion of Population with Access to Sanitary Toilet Facility

Sixty-two percent (62.1%) of the total population of the Province has access

to sanitary toilet facility. Households in urban areas have more access (79%) compared to rural areas (60 %).

A m o n g t h e c o m p o n e n t t o w n s , Mai tum has the h ighes t percen tage ra te o f populat ion(75%) wi th access to san i ta ry to i l e t fac i l i t y wh i l e t he lowes t i s Malapatan w i th a mere 48 percen t .

Figure 24. Proportion of Population with Access to Sanitary Toilet Facility, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007




Target 7.D By 2020, to have Achieved a Significant Improvement in the Lives of at Least 100 Million Slum Dwellers

Proportion of Population who are Informal Settlers

About 3 percent or a magnitude of 11,242 population in the province are informal set-

tlers. The urban area has a higher rate of 7 percent than rural areas with 2 percent.

Among the 7 towns of Sarangani Prov-ince, Malapatan has the most number of informal settlers (724), followed by the Municipality of Glan (530). Meanwhile, Maitum has the least number of households who are informal settlers (163).

Figure 25. Proportion of Population who are Informal Settlers, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Proportion of Population who are Living in Make-shift Housing

Four percent (4%) of the Sarangans are living in makeshift housing. A great number of them are locted in the rural areas with a magnitude of 2,669 persons. On the other hand, lesser number is residing in urban area with 350 or 2.6 percent rate.

Figure 26. Proportion of Population who are Living in Makeshift Housing, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007

Among the component towns of the province, Glan has the highest rate at 6.6 percent while Maitum got the lowest at 1.4 percent rate.

Proportion of Population who are Living in Inad-equate Living Conditions

Fifty-two percent (52%) of total popula-tion of the province is living in inadequate




living condition. A great number is found in rural areas constituting 39,516 (55%) in population.

Of the seven (7) component towns, Glan has the most number with 41,027 popula-tion or 69 percent rate while Maitum has

the lowest with 13,239 population or 37 percent rate.

The reasons attributed to this problem include: (a) growing populations; (b) poverty, (c) displace-ment due to recurrence of natural and man-made calamities; and (d) migration due to employment.

Figure 27. Proportion of Population who are Living in Inadequate Living Conditions, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



The Provincial Government is currently fast-tracking the completion of its Provincial Environment Code. It is also collaborating with other concerned agencies/stakehold-ers for a stricter enforcement of environ-mental laws and policies.

About 23 percent of the total land area of the province is classified as protected area. This is covered under NIPAS (Network of Integrated Protected Areas System) Act. Major protected areas include the Saran-gani Bay Protected Seascape and the Mt. Matutum Protected Landscape. The man-agement of these protected areas is gov-erned by a Protected Area Management Board (PAMB).

SENREM Program (or the Sarangani En-vironment and Natural Resources Manage-ment) is the banner program of the Province related to environmental protection and natural resources management which has an annual allocation of PhP5 million.

The Province, at the same time, has been providing financial and technical assistance to the MLGUs for the formulation of their respective Solid Waste Management Plans as well as Municipal Forest Land Use Plans (MFLUPs). It is also forging partnerships with private sectors/NGOs in rehabilitat-ing micro-watersheds through its Adopt-a-Watershed Program.

Moreover, annually, more or less Php3M is being invested for the operationaliza-tion and maintenance of the Environmen-tal Conservation and Protection Center (ECPC).

Meanwhile, in an effort to address the water and sanitation problems of the Prov-ince, the Provincial Water Supply Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plan (PW4SP) was formulated in partnership with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) which provided technical assistance dur-ing the preparation. A unit (PW4SU) under the Provincial Planning and Development Office was also created to focus on the implementation of the said Plan.

The coverage of households with access to safe water is constantly increasing year after year. This is the result of the province’s program which provides water to waterless barangays and continuously prioritizes wa-ter as an immediate need of the community. Local partners and other concerned agen-cies also contributed to this endeavor.

Monitoring of water quality was focused on public water facilities. To ensure water potability, other than laboratory exami-nation, the people are encouraged to do boiling, and chlorination. The Environment Control and Protection Center (ECPC) wa-ter laboratory is still in the process of seek-ing accreditation from the Department of Health (DOH).

The Province has also been addressing this issue for the past years and even up to present through its Resettlement and Hous-ing Program wherein P5 million, more or less, is allotted every year from the 5 percent Calamity Fund. The Provincial/Municipal Resettlement and Housing Councils were also organized purposely to focus on the implementation, as well as the formulation of a Provincial Resettlement and Housing Code and its IRR to serve as the bible of its



implementation. It has also established tie-ups and partnership with national govern-ment agencies, civil society organizations, private sectors and other housing agencies for this endeavor.

C. Challenges

• The need to preserve and protect the watershed areas/water sources for continu-ous supply of water

• Establishment of resettlement sites and socialized housing projects in all municipali-ties of the Province.

• Minimize population growth/pressure in areas vulnerable to calamities/hazards.



Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

Target 8.F In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications

Status and Trends

Proportion of the Households with Landlines/Telephone Lines

About 1,355 households have landlines/telephone lines which comprises 2 percent of the total population. As of this writing,

there are only two (2) towns of Sarangani Province that are connected with wired telephone lines/landlines and these are Ala-bel (the Capital town) and Kiamba, being served by PILTEL/PLDT and is concentrated only in the poblacion area. Other towns, however, are being served by wireless landline telephones.

The highest percentage of households with access to landlines/telephone lines is registered in Malapatan (2.6%) followed by Alabel (2.5%). Meanwhile the lowest is in Glan with less than 1 percent.


68Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data of Sarangani Status Report on the Millennium Development Goa

Proportion of the Households with Cell-phones

A total of 15,756 households (19%) has cellphones. Most of the owners are in the urban areas. A cellphone is a very useful tool for communication. Despite of the presence of telecommunication ser-vice providers, still majority (81%) of the Sarangans do not have this. Poverty is the main reason; they do not have the capacity to maintain the cost of having it.

The Municipality of Maitum (27%) have the most cellphone owners, followed by the Municipality of Ki-amba (25%). On the other hand, Municipality of Glan has few cell-phone owners (9%). Like other places in the country, Sarangani is being served by major telecom-munications companies like Smart, Globe, and Sun Cellular.

Figure 28. Proportion of the Households with Landlines/Telephone Lines, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007


Proportion of the Households with Computers

The 2007 CBMS survey result showed that only 2 percent of the total house-holds of the province have computers. Alabel (being the capital town) leads the most number of households with computer at 4 percent followed by the municipalities of Kiamba and Maasim with 3 percent and 2 percent, respec-tively.

On the other hand, all of the seven (7) towns are already served with wireless internet connections made available by service providers like Smart and Globe. Meanwhile, fast DSL wired connection is already serving the Capitol as well as the entire poblacion of the capital town.

Figure 30. Proportion of the Households with Computers, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007

Figure 29. Proportion of the Households with Cellphones, by Municipality, Sarangani, 2007



Part 3. Meeting the 2015 Challenge

Persistent and chronic poverty existing in Sarangani provided the Provincial Govern-ment the impetus to review and strengthen its anti-poverty policy and program thrusts. A high poverty incidence (52% estimate, SAE, NSCB, 2006 and 70% of total popula-tions, CBMS, 2007; 11th poorest province in the country in 2006), low educational attainment (74% of 6-16 years old chil-dren attending in school), and presence of marginalized groups (IPs/Muslims/upland dwellers) in terms of access to basic public services are among the critical concerns that need to be addressed.

The widespread inequality among the populace of the province still exists. Thus, government responses on poverty allevia-tion and institutional capacities need to be improved. It is timely that the following pro-grams/projects and policy responses were planned and designed for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs):

1. Priority Programs / Projects and Policy Responses

Project 1021

The project 1021 was conceptualized and initiated in January 2010. The project

constitutes major reforms toward strength-ening poverty program administration and implementation, and ultimately, developing inclusive and coordinated social policy. It supports the following policy directives of the Governor: “No Sarangan shall be left behind”; “CBMS is Sarangani’s develop-ment Bible”; and “Free Sarangani from Top 20 most impoverished provinces by 2010”.

The Project’s operational approach is geographic convergence of multi-sector development services in five most impov-erished barangays (disparity barangays identified based on simple composite in-dex) of the 7 component municipalities in order to reduce poverty incidence by 20 percentage points (from 65% in 2007 to 45% by the end of 2010). A total of 13,544 poor households determined through proxy means test shall be targeted for assistance. To monitor their progress out of poverty, a project tracking system shall be developed. Civil society and community engagement, as well as LGU counterparting schemes shall be encouraged for stakeholder-driven partnership and project management. Co-ordination and harmonization of private sector corporate social responsibility (CSR) funds, national and donor programs shall be undertaken to strengthen development cooperation in poverty reduction.


The province has an initial investment of Php985,950.00 in support to the operation of the project. Other services to cover the total project cost will be identified based on the actual needs as assessed during community emersion by the province this current year.

The project will be achieved through social protection in provision of social assistance (Localized Conditional Cash Transfer or LCCT, protective and rehabili-tative services for vulnerable population, e.g., youth, women, etc.), livelihood and employment through promotion of access to income and gainful employment for poor households and human development through promotion of widespread access to, and improved quality of social services and infrastructure, especially among poor communities.

Positive outcomes of this project will be

as follows:Short-term effects on poverty reduc-

tion due to income transfer and multiplier effects. Long-term effects: significant im-

provements in human capital outcomes (education outcomes, health and nutrition improvements, economic opportunities, se-curity, dignity and participation)Institutional SynergyStandardized poverty targeting/policy

– National, Local, NGOs/POs others Strengthened communication and

accountability

Mindanao Rural Development Program (MRDP)

The province is a recipient of Mind-anao Rural Development Program - APL 2. The program involves Php154M pack-

age and has the following four (4) main components:

Natural Resource Management (NRM)

This component is designed to conserve coastal resources and marine biodiversity through co-management of critical ma-rine habitats, better resources manage-ment practices and the introduction of improved, upstream land management practices that would arrest land degra-dation and enhance the integration of coastal ecosystem.

Rural Infrastructure (RI)

A component aimed at financing local infrastructure priorities responsive to the needs and priorities of LGUs and communi-ties, for increasing agricultural and fisheries productivity and market development.

Community Fund for Agricultural Development (CFAD)

This aims to address diverse investment priorities of rural communities, through the financing of subprojects which meet com-munity preferences and local priorities.

Investment in Governance Reform (IGR) One major component which aims to

strengthen institutional capacities of the LGUs in operationalizing a decentralized agricultural and fisheries support service delivery system.

Support to Emergency and Livelihood Assistance Program (SELAP)

Implementation of Phase II program will be implemented in the coming y e a r



2010 considering the major policy thrusts of the province.

Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD)

This program is focused to 3-5 years old children that help for the brain development and psychosocial motors of the child.

Among program partners, UNICEF is one that provides financial assistance amount-ing to Php2.5M annually for trainings and learning materials. On the other hand, the honorarium of day care teachers is shoul-dered by the province.

Food Security Program

A national program implemented in the province to ensure food security and suf-ficiency thereby addressing hunger and poverty in the province.

Resettlement and Housing Project

The housing project is financed by the province and implemented by the mu-nicipalities. Those residents in the ar-eas that are deemed vulnerable to any hazard or calamity are eligible under the project.

Major policy thrusts of the province:

Providing better health and other social services to the poorest of the poor Reducing vulnerability of the poor

to economic and other adverse shocks through subsidy programs, social insurance and improved judicial efficiency

Instituting reforms in education policy and programs to increase access to formal education and/or community based learn-ing opportunities in areas affected by pov-erty and conflict Convergent delivery of public and

other support services Promoting economic policies and

programs with an equity orientation Raising local revenues through

strengthening and computerization of real property tax administrationPromoting a more transparent and

accountable governance through system-atic reform towards evidence-based pro-gramming and performance budgeting.

2. Financing Millennium Development Goals

The following are the sources of funds to finance the programs/projects that would address the gaps identified:

• 20 percent Local Development Fund of the IRA

• 5 percent Gender and Development (GAD) Fund

• Children Fund • External Commitments (UNICEF, MRDP,

SELAP, Food Security, and others.)

3. Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals

Regular updating of the CBMS should be conducted to monitor and assess the prov-ince’s progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. In the case of Saran-gani, the CBMS database will be updated in 2011 to measure the achievement of the MDG targets.



A. Preparation of Provincial Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Report Using CBMS Data

1. Background and Justification

The availability of good statistics and the capacity of governments, donors and

international organizations to systematically measure, monitor and report on

progress in all social and economic spheres are at the heart of development

policy and the achievement of the MDGs.

The Millennium Development Goals Report 2007

While progress toward the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is systematically being measured, moni-tored and reported at the national level, clearly, there must be a parallel effort at the local level to bring the MDGs into the main-stream of the local development agenda.

This is especially called for under decen-tralized regimes where local government units (LGUs) are at the forefront of policy or program execution. Unfortunately, how-ever, national statistical systems have yet to respond adequately to the demand for mi-cro-level statistics that can aid LGUs in their poverty alleviation efforts, as noted in a joint

EXPLANATORY TEXT

World Bank and Asian Development Bank report, to wit: “the most comprehensive and consistent comparative subnational data (are) is at the regional level although this is simply an administrative level of govern-ment that has no responsibilities for delivery of social services. More data (are) is gradu-ally becoming available at the provincial level, but not at lower levels which are at the frontline of efforts to reduce poverty1.”

In response, the Philippine Government has embarked on an initiative to localize the MDGs using the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS). In 2005, the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) issued Resolution No. 6 “recog-nizing and enjoining support to the CBMS as a tool for strengthening the statistical system at the local level that will generate statistics for monitoring and evaluation of development plans, including the progress of the local governments in attaining the Millennium Development Goals.”

Meanwhile, several approaches are be-ing carried out by the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) in capacitating LGUs to contribute to the at-

1 Decentralization in the Philippines: Strengthening Local Government Financing and Resource Management in the Short-Term, 2005 (A Joint Document of the World Bank and

the Asian Development Bank)



tainment of the MDGs and uplifting the quality of life of their constituents. These interventions are particularly stated in DILG Memorandum Circular (MC) No. 2004-152 “Guide to Local Government Units in the Localization of the MDGs” dated Novem-ber 2004, which provides for the: (a) menu of Programs, Projects and Activities (PPAs) per MDG goal and target to guide LGUs in responding to the MDGs; (b) diagnosis of the local situation using existing local indicators and monitoring system; and (c) call for documentation and replication of good practices.

The CBMS that is being implemented in the Philippines is indeed well-positioned to track progress toward the attainment of the MDGs at the local level. For one, a number of indicators being monitored in the CBMS are included in the indicators for monitor-ing the progress in achieving the MDGs. Moreover, CBMS is intended to be done on a regular basis and can therefore be used for updating MDG indicators and facilitat-ing preparation of regular MDG reports. The CBMS can also be used as basis by national and local governments for costing and identifying appropriate interventions needed to achieve the MDGs as well as for resource allocation. Finally, given the large spatial disparities, the CBMS can help identify where focus has to be given to achieve the targets.

The CBMS’ role in localizing the MDGs was recognized during an Experts Group

Meeting on Localizing the MDGs held on November 28, 2006 at the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) in Bangkok, Thailand. The Committee on Poverty Reduc-tion composed of 24 nation-states agreed that the CBMS could complement the of-ficial data collection activities of national statistical offices and improve the availabil-ity of the MDG and other indicators at the local level. It also agreed that localizing the MDGs through CBMS would help integrate the goals into the national development strategies. It therefore urged other devel-oping countries to initiate and implement similar innovative systems that would help localize the MDGs.

As of May 12, 2010, CBMS is being implemented in 59 provinces (32 of which are province-wide), 687 municipalities and 43 cities in the Philippines, covering 17,848 barangays all over the country (see Figure 33). A good number of these LGUs have already consolidated their CBMS data-bases and are well-positioned to generate their own local MDG Reports. For one thing, CBMS collects information that reflects the multi-faceted nature of poverty. In addi-tion, data generated by the CBMS can be broken down by municipal, barangay, pu-rok and even down to the household level, thereby presenting meaningful information and enabling deeper analysis of the poverty situation. Moreover, the CBMS can gener-ate color-coded maps showing the poverty status at each geopolitical level.


Figure 31. CBMS Coverage in the Philippines (as of May 12, 2010)

2. Objectives

This technical collaboration aims to ca-pacitate nine provincial governments to systematically measure, monitor and report their status with respect to the MDGs. The operative word here is status since the prov-inces used their first round of CBMS data in formulating this report. These provinces include Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Biliran, Camarines Norte, Eastern Samar, Marinduque, Romblon, Sarangani and Siquijor. The abovementioned provinces were selected since they were among the first LGUs that were able to consolidate their CBMS databases at the provincial

level. The CBMS Census was conducted in these provinces between 2005 and 2007 (for detailed information on census years, see Table 38).

In particular, the technical collaboration was carried out to meet the following ob-jectives:

( i) to track the status on the attain-ment of the MDGs in the ident i f ied provinces; ( i i) to assist these provinc-es in preparing their Provincial MDG Repor ts ; and ( i i i ) to inc rease loca l awareness on how these reports can bridge local and national development strategies.



3. Expected Technical Collaboration Outputs

The technical collaboration is expected to produce the following outputs: (i) mentored technical staff of the nine CBMS-partner provinces on how to prepare Provincial MDG Reports, and (ii) Provincial MDG Re-ports of the nine provinces.

4. Capacity-Building

The capacity-building of the Provincial MDG Teams consists of three workshops and one-on-one mentoring process.

Processing of CBMS Data to Generate MDG Indicators. This 2-day activity was designed to provide participants with: (i) a deeper ap-preciation of the importance of the CBMS in benchmarking/tracking local progress toward the attainment of the MDGs; (ii) a satisfactory level of knowledge in process-ing CBMS data to facilitate analyses of ac-complishments versus targets; (iii) some basic skills on how to incorporate MDG targets in local development plans and facilitate cor-responding increase in budget allocation for MDG-responsive PPAs; and (iv) tools and methodologies in formulating MDG reports.

Preparation of Provincial MDG Reports Using CBMS Data. This 2-day activity was designed to build on the gains of the first workshop by providing technical assistance to the Project Teams in (i) processing CBMS data to generate the additional MDG indi-cators and consolidating their data at the provincial level, (ii) benchmarking/tracking their progress toward the attainment of the MDGs , (iii) reviewing partial provincial reports based on the indicators generated using the first workshop, and (iv) finalizing list of indicators to be included in the report.

Presentation and Critiquing of Provin-cial MDG Reports. This 3-day activity was designed to finalize the Provincial MDG Reports and at the same time provide an opportunity for an exchange of views and possible harmonization of approaches as well as for the provision of consistent guid-ance to all the Provincial MDG Teams. The expected output from this workshop was the complete manuscript of the MDG Report which already incorporates the comments/inputs of the assigned mentor and resource persons who were invited to share their ex-pertise during the workshop.

Mentor/Mentee Relationship. In order to ensure a sustained and focused mentoring program, a mentor from the Research Team of the CBMS Network was matched to one Provincial MDG Team.

The assigned mentor was expected to set a specific time each week to interact with his/her Provincial MDG Team and discuss the following: (1) review progress in drafting the Provincial MDG Report, (2) set/identify targets for the coming weeks, and (3) draw up an action plan to achieve those targets. In addition, the mentor was expected to assist his/her assigned MDG Team in identifying and solving problem areas.

Meanwhile, Dr. Celia M. Reyes, Anne Bernadette E. Mandap and Marsmath A. Baris, Jr. reviewed all partial and final re-ports. The technical staff of the NEDA Social Development Staff headed by Director Er-linda Capones also reviewed and provided valuable comments on the reports.


B. CBMS-MDG Indicators

Unless otherwise indicated, all the statisti-cal tables, graphs, charts and poverty maps presented in this report were generated us-ing the CBMS methodology.

The CBMS is an organized way of col-lecting data at the local level to be used by local governments, national government agencies, nongovernment organizations (NGOs) and civil society for planning, budgeting, and implementing local devel-opment programs as well as for monitor-ing and evaluating their performance. It is a tool for improved local governance and democratic decision-making that promotes greater transparency and accountability in resource allocation.

It involves the following steps:Step 1 – Advocacy/organizationStep 2 – Data collection and fi eld editingStep 3 – Data encoding and map digitizationStep 4 – Data consolidation, database-building

& poverty mappingStep 5 – Data validation and community con-

sultationStep 6 – Knowledge (database) managementStep 7 – Plan formulationStep 8 – Dissemination, implementation, and

monitoring

The MDG Indicators, which were esti-mated using CBMS data, are presented in Table 31.

Box 1. Community-Based Monitoring System



Table 32. The CBMS-MDG Indicators and their Definition


C. Poverty and Food Thresholds

Official poverty thresholds computed by the NSCB were used and, in some cases, updated to the reference period for the CBMS data by inflating these thresholds using the appropriate Consumer Price Index (CPI). The poverty and food thresholds used for each province are presented in Table 38.

D. Authority for the CBMS Census

The NSCB has issued Resolution No. 6 (2005) which recognizes and enjoins sup-port to the CBMS as a tool for strengthen-ing the statistical system at the local level. It also directs the NSCB Technical Staff to initiate and coordinate an advocacy program for the adoption of the CBMS by the LGUs, through the Regional Statisti-cal Coordination Committees (RSCCs), the technical arm of the NSCB Executive Board in the regions.

The NSCB has also approved the CBMS Survey Instruments through NSCB Approval No. DILG-0903-01.

E. Survey OperationsAll survey operations were undertaken un-

der the supervision of the CBMS Technical Working Groups (TWGs) at the Provincial and Municipal Levels. They identified the local personnel who were trained as enu-merators and field supervisors. Technical assistance was provided by the PEP-CBMS Network Coordinating Team, the Bureau of Local Government Development (BLGD) and Regional Office IV-B of the Depart-ment of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC), National Economic and Develop-ment Authority (NEDA) Regional Office IV-B and the Institute for Democratic Participa-tion in Governance (IDPG).

Training was mainly conducted at two levels. The first level training (Training of Trainors) is conducted for members of the TWGs. This is usually conducted by mem-bers of the research staff of the CBMS Net-work and CBMS accredited trainors from the DILG, NAPC and NEDA. Meanwhile, a second level training (Training of Enumera-tors) is conducted for enumerators who are



usually composed of barangay health workers and students. The members of the TWG acted as trainors in this training.

F. Data Processing System

The data processing software used under this project includes the CBMS Data Encoding System, the CBMS-Natural Resources Data-base and Stata.

The CBMS encoding system uses CSPro (Census and Survey Processing), a software developed by the United States Bureau of Census for entering, editing, tabulating, and disseminating data from censuses and sur-veys. The CSPro-based (Census and Survey Processing) Encoding System converts survey data into electronic data. It produces text files (ASCII) described by data dictionaries, which adds flexibility to the output data. This feature facilitates the interface between the CBMS data and other database systems and statisti-cal softwares.

The CBMS Mapping system employs the Natural Resources Database (NRDB) for CBMS-based poverty mapping and for stor-ing and displaying household- and individual- level information, The CBMS-NRDB is capable of creating and storing spatial (shapefiles) and non-spatial (texts and numbers) data as well as generating maps, reports and graphs ideal for presentation and analysis of poverty attri-butes in the community. This has significantly addressed the need for a simple yet powerful and free geographically-oriented database.

Meanwhile, the CBMS data presented in this report through tables, graphs, charts and poverty maps were processed using Stata, a general-purpose statistical software package created in 1985 by StataCorp.

These softwares were provided for free to the nine provinces which formulated their reports under this project.

G. CBMS Poverty Maps

The poverty map for each indicator shows the provincial map disaggregated by mu-nicipality.

A simple color scheme is used (green, light green, pink and red) to represent the four ranges of data for each indicator. Each indicator, however, used a different range relative to the provincial data.

H. Limitations of the Data

While observations are taken from the entire population, the user of the data pre-sented in this report should bear in mind that the municipalities in two provinces (Eastern Samar and Biliran) were not able to collect their data over the same period. For instance, CBMS was piloted in a num-ber of municipalities in Eastern Samar and Biliran in 2005 and was implemented prov-incewide in 2006. Moreover, due to some difficulties, the CBMS census could not be carried out in 1 barangay in Romblon, and 2 barangays each in Camarines Norte and Eastern Samar.

Estimates on poverty and subsistence inci-dence may also be affected by under- and/or over-reporting of income or reluctance on the part of the respondents to reveal their true levels of income. As in other surveys, the CBMS enumerators may also have en-countered interview non-response and item non-response.

Available in this series:

NATIONAL REPORT

• Philippines Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals 2010

PROVINCIAL REPORTS

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Agusan del Norte

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Agusan del Sur

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Biliran

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Camarines Norte

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Eastern Samar

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Marinduque

• Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Romblon

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Siquijor

•Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals Using CBMS Data Province of Sarangani

mdgs provincial status report 2010 philippines sarangani

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