MatterMatter

Intro Chapter Intro Chapter

• Anything that has mass and volume.

Matter

• The smallest unit of an element that keeps the properties of that element.

Atom

• Small particles of the atom– Nucleus

• Protons ( + )• Neutrons (neutral charge)

– Electron Cloud• Electrons ( - )

Subatomic Particles

• Contains the protons and neutrons.

Nucleus

Proton

• Found in the nucleus with a positive charge.

+

• Found in the nucleus with a neutral charge.

Neutron

n

• Found orbiting outside the nucleus with a negative charge.

-

Electron

Element

• A substance composed of a single kind of atom.

– Hydrogen– Helium– Carbon– Nitrogen– Oxygen– Neon– Sodium

– Magnesium– Aluminum– Silicon– Argon– Calcium– Iron– Gold

H

He

C

N

O

Ne

Na

Mg

Al

Si

Ar

Ca

Fe

Au

Elements

• Each element is identified by it’s atomic number.

Atomic #

• A diagram showing the arrangement of the elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same column.

Periodic Table

Atomic #Element Name

Chemical Symbol

Atomic Mass

Periodic Table

Atomic Mass

Atomic #

Atomic Mass

# Protons = Atomic Number

# Neutrons = Atomic Mass- Atomic Number

# Electrons = Atomic Number

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Compound

• A substance in which two or more elements are chemically combined.

Mixture

• Two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined.