maths smart grade 5 © 2012 alston publishing house pte ltd calculator
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Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdCalculator
CalculatorM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
We can use a calculator to help us do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdCentre of rotation
Centre of rotationM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A shape with rotational symmetry is rotated about its centre of rotation.
Example:
The shape is rotated about the black dot. The black dot is the centre of rotation.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdDecimal point
Decimal pointM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A decimal point separates the whole number part from the fraction part of the number.
Examples:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdDecreasing order
Decreasing orderM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Decreasing order means from the greatest to the smallest.
Example:
The amounts of money are arranged in decreasing order.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdDenominator
DenominatorM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
In a fraction, the denominator is the number below the line.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdDivisible
DivisibleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A number is divisible by another number if it can be divided exactly by that number without leaving a remainder.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdDivisibility rule
Divisibility ruleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
We can use the divisibility rule to test if a number is divisible by another number.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Equilateral triangle
Equilateral triangleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
An equilateral triangle has 3 equal sides and 3 equal angles.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Equivalent fraction
Equivalent fractionM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Fractions that have different numerators and denominators, but the same value.
Example:
and are equivalent fractions. They both havea value of 0.6. 53
106
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdEquivalent ratio
Equivalent ratioM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Ratios that have different terms, but the same value.
Example:
If we multiply or divide the terms of a ratio by the same number, we get an equivalent ratio.4 : 3, 8 : 6 and 16 : 12 are equivalent ratios.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdEstimate
EstimateM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A reasonable guess of the actual number.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdHundredths
HundredthsM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
10 hundredths = 1 tenth
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdIncreasing order
Increasing orderM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Increasing order means from the smallest to the greatest.
Example:
The temperatures are arranged in increasing order.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdIsosceles triangle
Isosceles triangleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
An isosceles triangle has 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Negative number
Negative numberM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A negative number is a number which is smaller than zero.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Number sentence
Number sentenceM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Example:
‘68 – 13 + 21 = 76’ is a number sentence.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdNumerator
NumeratorM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
In a fraction, the numerator is the number above the line.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
One hundred thousand
One hundred thousandM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Example:
10 ten thousands = One hundred thousand or 100 000
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdOne million
One millionM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Example:
10 one hundred thousands = One million or 1 000 000
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdOperations
OperationsM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Example:
Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are types of operations.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdParallel lines
Parallel linesM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Parallel lines are straight lines that are always the same distance apart and will never meet.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Perpendicular lines
Perpendicular linesM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Perpendicular lines are straight lines that meet each other at right angles.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdPositive number
Positive numberM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A positive number is a number which is greater than zero.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdProduct
ProductM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
When we multiply numbers, the answer is called the product.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdQuotient
QuotientM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
When we divide a number by another number, the answer we get is called the quotient.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdRatio
RatioM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A ratio is a comparison of quantities.
Example:
The ratio of the number of toadstools to the number of dragonflies is 6 : 5.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Reflective symmetry
Reflective symmetryM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A polygon has reflective symmetry if one half of the polygon is a mirror image of the other half.
Example:
This triangle has reflective symmetry.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdRemainder
RemainderM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Remainder is the amount that is left over when a number is divided by another number.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Right-angled triangle
Right-angled triangleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A right-angled triangle is a triangle with 1 right angle.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdRotate
RotateM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
Example:
We rotate the rectangle in a clockwise direction to make one complete turn.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Rotational symmetry
Rotational symmetryM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A shape has rotational symmetry if it can fit exactly onto itself more than once during a complete turn.
Example:
This square has rotational symmetry.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Round to 1 decimal place
Round to 1 decimal placeM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
When we round a number to 1 decimal place, we look at the digits in the hundredths place.(a)If the digit < 5, we round it to the smaller tenth.(b)If the digit > 5, we round it to the bigger tenth.(c)If the digit = 5, we round it to the bigger tenth.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd
Round to the nearest whole
number
Round to the nearest whole numberM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
When we round a number to the nearest whole number, we look at the digits in the tenths place.(a)If the digit < 5, we round it to the smaller one.(b)If the digit > 5, we round it to the bigger one.(c)If the digit = 5, we round it to the bigger one.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdScalene triangle
Scalene triangleM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
A scalene triangle is a triangle with 3 sides of 3 different lengths. It has no equal angles.
Example:
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdSimplest form
Simplest formM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
We get the simplest form of a ratio when we cannot divide the terms further by any other common factors, except 1.
Example:
4 : 3 is the ratio in its simplest form.
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdTenths
TenthsM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
10 tenths = 1 one
Maths SM
ART Grade 5 ©
2012 Alston Publishing House Pte LtdTerms
TermsM
aths SMART G
rade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing H
ouse Pte Ltd
The numbers in a ratio are known as terms.
Example:
The ratio of the number of toadstools to the number of dragonflies is 6 : 5. The numbers 6 and 5 are terms.