MANGO INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN

M SHAAZ SHAIKH ZUBAIR AHSAN ABBASI

•The word Mango is the British pronunciation of the Mankay, the Tamil word for the fruit, because it is found in most abundance in Southern India. •There are thousand of mango cultivars grown, of which Asia has over 500 varieties

•Mango is know as the king of fruits

•This delicious fruit is nutritionally superior, source of  several vitamins and minerals.

Introduction

•Mango is an excellent source of vitamins A. B and C and contains  water, proteins, Sugar. fats, fibers and iron etc.

•It is also processed into preserves, juices, jams, jellies, nectars as well as crisp mango chips, which are eaten as snacks

•In Pakistan young and unripe fruits are used as pickles,chatnies,murabas etc

PAKISTANI SCENERIOPAKISTANI SCENERIOPakistan is the world’s third largest mango

producer and fifth largest exporter.

Mango is the second major fruit crop in Pakistan.

Pakistan produces 5.86 percent world's mangoes being the third largest producer

The country produces 1.6-1.7 million tons mango per year

Pakistan exported 53.45 million kilograms or 5.87 per cent of its total annual production

•Mango comes in market early in the May and remains in market till August/September

•Pakistani mangoes are becoming popular worldwide due to their taste and fine quality

•There are 450 known Varieties of Mangoes in Pakistan

VARITIESVARITIESThere are many varieties which are famous in

Pakistan, but some varieties which are very common are:

Sindhri,Langra,Chaunsa,Fajri, SamarBahist, Anwar Ratole,Dasehri, Saroli, Tuta Pari, Neelam, Collector, Bengan Phali, etc.

SindhSindh

Sindhri Sindhri Gulabkhas Gulabkhas SwarnariceSwarnariceBaganpalliBaganpalliCollectorCollectorNeelum Neelum

Leading Commercial varieties in PakistanLeading Commercial varieties in Pakistan

PunjabPunjabMalda LangraMalda LangraAman Aman DuseriDuseriAnwar Ratol Anwar Ratol Samer bahishtSamer bahisht Fajri Fajri Kalan Kalan SensationSensation

NWFP NWFP   Lengra Lengra Samer Bahisht Samer Bahisht

BalochistanBalochistan  

  SindhriSindhri

BanganpalliBanganpalli

SINDHSINDH As we get mangoes from Balochistan and NWFP,

but the main source are Sindh and Punjab. In Pakistan we get more than 10 lacs tons production, out of which Sindh provides 50%

 Average annual production of mango in Sindh is 3.5 million ton while its share in total mango exports is about 50 per cent. Sindh produces two main varieties of mango, Sindhri and Chaunsa

Mirpurkhas is the main regions, where we get mangoes in large quantity. The maximum production, we get from Rahim Yar Khan, where mangoes are cultivated on more than 26 thousand acres. Mango is the second leading export fruit in Pakistan after Kinnow.

PUNJABPUNJAB The province of Punjab occupied a dominant

position with 80 per cent in the production of mangoes followed by Sindh with 20 per cent

Disease attackDisease attackIn year(2009)mango crop in Tando

Allahyar, Sindh, would drop 20 to 30 per cent due to less warmth in the weather conditions and infection from diseases that cannot be cured with pesticides spray.

Main fields areasMain fields areasThe main field of mango is obtained from District

Rahim Yar Khan, Rahimabad, Jamaldin wali, Sadiqabad, Shaikh Wahan, Mianwali Qureshan Zahirpur, Bagho Bahar, Tirandah Mohammad Panah of district Rahim Yar Khan are very famous for mango production. Whereas, Hyderabad, Tandojam, Tando Allahyar, Tando Jan Muhammad, Digri, Nawab Shah, Naushero Feroz, Khairpur Mirus, Ghotki, Bahawalpur, Shuja abad, MuzzaffarGarh, KoatAddu, Khanewal, Sahiwal, Vihari, Okara, Faisalabad, Jhang, Toba Tek Singh and Sargodha are also very famous for mango production.

Provinces wise mango productionProvinces wise mango production

YearYear PunjabPunjab(MT)(MT)

Sindh Sindh (MT)(MT)

NWFP NWFP (MT)(MT)

BalochistaBalochistan n (MT)(MT)

20072007 13.513.5 3.53.5 3.43.4 .58.58

20062006 13.913.9 3.53.5 3.23.2 .65.65

20052005 13.113.1 3.43.4 3.23.2 .65.65

20042004 7.07.0 3.33.3 3.13.1 .65.65

20032003 6.46.4 3.33.3 3.23.2 .11.11

Mango ExportMango Export

Pakistan produces 5.86 percent world's mangoes being the third largest producer. Its export is progressing resulting into substantial foreign exchange earnings.

•We earn about $40 million from 125,000 tons mango export in year(2009) as compared to $27-30 million

(87,000 tons) last year

ExportsExportsYEARYEAR EXPORT(TONES)EXPORT(TONES)

20092009 125000125000

20082008 8700087000

20072007 9400094000

20052005 7700077000

Future prediction for ExportFuture prediction for ExportIn response to another question he claimed that

the mango export target of $80 million by the year 2011-12 (CURRENTLY ABOT 40 MILLLION) would be achievable if the Ministry of Commerce and MINFAL extends cooperation and required support to the exporters towards enhancing export goals.

LEADING IMPORT MARKETS-PAKISTANLEADING IMPORT MARKETS-PAKISTAN

UAESAUDI ARABIAOMANUKFRANCEGERMANY

Mango prices 2009 Mango prices 2009 Mango eaters are paying higher prices for the most

popular fruit owing to short production in Sindh this year,However, there were divergent views about the size of the Sindh mango crop and its impact on the retail prices.

Wholesalers in the Fruit Mandi at Super Highway believed that there was 40-50 per cent fall in mango production and the prices were 20-30 per cent higher over the last year. They feared further increase in prices in case of rains.

Member Executive Council of All Pakistan Fruits and Vegetables Importers and Exporters Association Matin Siddiqui told Dawn that the Sindhri variety was selling Rs5 to Rs6 per kg higher over the last year.

MANGO PRICES IN INTERNATIONAL MANGO PRICES IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETMARKET

YEARYEAR PRICE ($/KG)PRICE ($/KG)

20012001 0.320.32

20022002 0.300.30

20032003 0.310.31

20042004 0.310.31

20052005 0.390.39

MARKET PURCHASEERMARKET PURCHASEERDubai remained the top market for Pakistani

mangoes by importing more than 27,000 tones followed by Europe, including the United Kingdom with 10,000 tonne. Pakistan exported 9,000 tons mangoes to Saudi Arabia, while 7,500 tonne were shipped to other Gulf countries like Oman and Kuwait. The rest of 1,500 tonne of mangoes went to the Far Eastern countries including Singapore and Malaysia.

Pakistan mango productionPakistan mango production

YearYear Production Production (MT)(MT)

20072007 1719

20062006 17531753

20052005 16711671

20042004 1055.91055.9

PolityProduction

in{Tonnes}

 India 13501000

 China 3752000

 Pakistan 2250000

 Mexico 2050000

 Thailand 1800000

 Indonesia 1620000

 Brazil 1546000

 Philippines 975000

 Nigeria 734000

 Vietnam 370000

 Earth 33445279

Top Ten Mangoes Producers — 2007Top Ten Mangoes Producers — 2007

Area harvested of mangoes as of 2007

Country Hectares

India 2 143 000

China 445 000

Thailand 285 000

Indonesia 266 000

Pakistan 215 000

Mexico 200 000

Philippines 181 000

Nigeria 126 500

Brazil 89 800

Guinea 82 000

Vietnam 52 000

Bangladesh 51 000

Rank Country Production(Mt)

1 India 10800000

2 China 3673000

3 Thailand 1800000

4 Pakistan 1673900

5 Mexico 1503010

6 Indonesia 1478204

7 Philippines 950000

8 Brazil 850000

9 Nigeria 730000

10 Egypt 380000

11 Vietnam 320000

12 Peru 268000

13 Haiti 260000

14 Bangladesh 243000

15 Cuba 230000

16 Madagascar 210000

17 Dem Republic of Congo 203270

18 United Republic of Tanzania 200000

19 Sudan 195000

20 Guatemala 187000

World Ranking by Mango Production-2005

Famous mango varieties in the Famous mango varieties in the worldworld

PakistanPakistan Sindri & ChausaSindri & Chausa

IndiaIndia AlphonsoAlphonso

MexicoMexico Tony AtkinsTony Atkins

MaliMali AmelieAmelie

KenyaKenya CarahaoCarahao

PhilippinesPhilippines PicoPico

West IndiesWest Indies JulieJulie

South AfricaSouth Africa KentKent

The ecological conditions suitable for mango cultivation are:

Suitable temperature range is 15 to 40oC. Low temperatures are extremely harmful. Frosts and hot winds cause great damage to the trees. Young plants need protection against frost and hot  winds. A hot and humid climate is suitable. In areas with heavy rainfall, the quality of fruit may be affected. Mango can be grown in a wide range of soils but well drained, deep and fertile soils are most suitable. Salt affected soil are not good for its cultivation.

Climate and Soil

Mango processing flow chartMango processing flow chart

Grading sizing

Pre cooling /Washing at

17 0c

Transportation toProcessing plant

Sorting onconveyers

PackingTransportation by

truck

Air CargoInternational

Market

Mango farm Packing in plastic crates

PurchasingPurchasing

CONT…CONT…

Currently approximately 3 per cent of mangoes are processed into value added products such as pulp for use in drinks and ice cream, canned mangoes and dried mangoes. Three processors were visited, producing 1000 to 5000 tones of pulp annually.

Mangoes are generally purchased from the wholesale market at normal wholesale prices. No quality standards are communicated to potential suppliers; mangoes are purchased mature green and ripened using calcium carbide on the processor’s premises. Fruit is then graded for processing. Bruised, rotten or unripened fruit are removed. After processing, skins are discarded and seeds supplied to the nursery industry

Health Benefits of MangoHealth Benefits of MangoMangos are an excellent source of Vitamins A and

C, as well as a good source of Potassium

Mangoes contain phenols, this phenolic compound have powerful antioxidant and anticancer abilities.

Mango is high in iron, people with anemia are advised to eat this fruit regularly.

Mango is effective in relieving clogged pores of the skin.It is also valuable to combat acidity and poor digestion.

Mango is a rich source of vitamin A(beta-carotene), E and Selenium which help to protect against heart disease and other ailments

PotentialPotentialMango is the second major fruit crop in Pakistan.

We are not importing mangoes that gives benefits for exports.

We can increase our exports by increasing production.

By improving the infrastructure we can increase the finish good products

Problems with mangoProblems with mango

The largest problem of mango is anthracnose because it attacks all parts of the tree and is probably most damaging to the flower panicles. On maturing fruit, the fungus causes irregular black spots that may be sunken slightly and show surface cracks

Lack of forward and backward linkage between growers/suppliers and buyers/exporters, which has affected the mango’s market potential

30 to 40 per cent of fruit is wasted in the harvest-to-market system

Issues with packaging

CONTINUE…CONTINUE…

Issues with exporters Limited time window

Limited knowledge of export market requirements

Diseases in mango crop

RecommendationsRecommendations

To enhance export, quality standards should be maintained for fresh mango, proper grading and packaging arrangements should be established.

The mango for export should be free of diseases

The farmers should take Global Gap Certification for their orchards that will help them to export mango to the European markets.

SWOT Analysis

STRENGTH

Large domestic marketDemand in local marketHigh domestic consumptionQuality of mango

WEAKNESS

Lack of proper marketingLack of product developmentNo research and development facilityInadequate international market

information

OPPORTUNITIES

ExhibitionSeason

THREATS

Global compititionDiseasesPoor infrastructure, limited knowledge of handling,

storing, transporting of mango And very limited cool storage facilities

available