mailene's powerpt presentation

8/6/2019 Mailene's Powerpt Presentation

1/17


2/17


3/17

Friedrich KarlFriedrich Karlvon Savignyvon Savigny

(1779(1779--1861)1861)


4/17

LAWAS THE LIFE ANDLAWAS THE LIFE AND

THE SPIRIT OF THETHE SPIRIT OF THE

PEOPLEPEOPLE

During the time the conductof the people was governedby nothing more than the

different categories of thefolk soul.

rationalerationale:: greatgreat dealdeal ofof thethe peoplespeoples obluaticsobluatics(beliefs,(beliefs, longings,longings, usages,usages,

traditions,traditions, idiosyncracies,idiosyncracies, arts,arts,customscustoms andand eveneven superstitious)superstitious)havehave moralmoral suasionsuasion andandsignificancesignificance.. InIn thethe coursecourse ofof timetimetheythey were were expressexpress inin rulesrules andandregulationregulation..


5/17

DuringDuring thethe developmentdevelopment ofof thethe lifelife

andand cultureculture ofof thethe peoplepeople aa greatgreat manymany ofofthemthem werewere eithereither discardeddiscarded oror improvedimproved..

ThoseThose thatthat havehave survivedsurvived thethe interactioninteraction

ofof humanhuman relationsrelations andand institutionsinstitutions andand

havehave permeatedpermeated thethe peoplepeople inin commoncommon

eventuallyeventually solidifiedsolidified intointo thethe volksrechtvolksrechtoror kautusankautusan..

Thus,Thus, forfor historicalhistorical juriprudents,juriprudents, thethe

folkfolk sou

lsou

l becamebecame nono longerlonger aametaphysicalmetaphysical theorytheory oror idea,idea, butbut aa

storiedstoried andand documenteddocumented being,being, AA

historicalhistorical andand naturalnatural realityreality embodyingembodying

thethe willwill andand spiritspirit (geist(geist oror diwa)diwa) ofof aa

peoplepeople..


6/17

ForFor historicalhistorical schoolschool ofof jurisprudencejurisprudence

thethe lawlaw isis consideredconsidered asas aa revelationrevelation andand

developmentdevelopment ofof thethe nationalnational spiritspirit.. ThisThis

means,means, ofof course,course, thatthat thethe lawlaw isis regardedregarded

asas havinghaving aa certaincertain historicalhistorical justificationjustification

sincesince itit isis inin directdirect relationrelation toto thethe nationalnational

lifelife andand developmentdevelopment ofof thethe peoplepeople..

HoweverHowever thisthis doesdoes notnot necessarilynecessarily meanmeanthatthat thethe spiritspirit ofof nationalismnationalism isis anan

importantimportant aspectaspect ofof thethe doctrinedoctrine ofof thethe

historicalhistorical schoolschool asas toto thethe naturenature ofof thethe

lawlaw.. ForFor whilewhile itit isis akinakin toto thatthat ofof

patriotismpatriotism inin thatthat itit thrivesthrives uponupon thethenormalnormal attachmentattachment ofof aa personperson toto hishis

homeland,homeland, therethere isis alwaysalways thethe dangerdanger thatthat

itit maymay becomebecome idolatrousidolatrous worshipworship ofof thethe

nationnation asas ifif werewere divinedivine..


7/17

BASICBASIC FOCIFOCI OFOF THETHE HISTORICALHISTORICAL JURISPRUDENCEJURISPRUDENCE

In the framework of the historical view of the natureof the law, two important points stand out .

11.. TheThe statestate isis regardedregarded asas thethe highesthighest expressionexpression ororpersonificationpersonification ofof thethe volkgeist volkgeist oror diwadiwa ofof thethepeoplepeople..

22.. TheThe lawlaw isis foundfound andand notnot deliberatelydeliberately mademade..


8/17

Relationship that existed among the people.

Relationship that existed among the people.

11.. VerticalVertical oror personalpersonal relationshiprelationship-- ExistedExisted inin thethe familyfamily oror clanclan.. ThisThis waswas

duedue toto thethe factfact thatthat thethe earliestearliest formform ofof

socialsocial livingliving isis familyfamily

22.. CommunalCommunal typetype ofof relationshiprelationship-- SeveralSeveral familyfamily groupsgroups formedformed

temporarytemporary alliancesalliances forfor certaincertain

purposespurposes :: toto wardward offoff somesome commoncommondanger,danger, toto pursuepursue somesome commoncommon

interest,interest, oror toto performperform somesome commoncommonritualritual obligationobligation..

- The relationship naturally tended

toward common interest.


9/17


10/17

1. Jurisprudents1. Jurisprudents

. Jurists. Jurists

3. Legislator3. Legislator

TheThe firstfirst twotwo groupsgroups followfollow thethe evolutionevolution andand progressprogress ofof thethe

folkfolk--soulsoul byby legallegal historicalhistorical researchresearch.. ThisThis meansmeans thatthat thethe objectobject ofoflegallegal researchresearch isis orientedoriented toto thethe obloaticsobloatics ofof thethe peoplepeople..

AllAll thethe threethree groupsgroups areare engagedengaged inin thethe formulationformulation ofof thethe

technicaltechnical legallegal precepts,precepts, vizviz..,, legallegal rules,rules, legallegal principles,principles, legallegalconcepts,concepts, andand legallegal standardsstandards..

AsAs aa whole,whole, thesethese specialistspecialist becomebecome thethe agencyagency oror thethe

instrumentalityinstrumentality ofof thethe peoplepeople forfor thethe articulationarticulation andand communicationcommunicationofof thethe lawlaw..


11/17

SIMILARITY BETWEENLEGAL ORDERS OFSIMILARITY BETWEENLEGAL ORDERS OF

DIFFERENT PEOPLESDIFFERENT PEOPLES

Historical jurisprudence is confronted with the task of

reconciling its concept of the nature of the law with the

phenomenon that in some groups of people there is amarked or discernable degree of degree of similarity and

sometimes even uniformity in some legal orders. This

reconciliation is necessary because historical

ju

rispru

dence posits the view that the law is exclu

sive toa particular group of people. In solving the problem,

there is need to consider separately the historical and the

jurisprudential reasons.


12/17

A. Historical Reason

A community or society of men which has advanced up the

ladder of socio-political development cannot be pure, racially or

otherwise. For in the process of development of a people many

factors or, as the anthropologist would put it, many trait-

complexes have been assimilated by the people.

BB.. JurisprudentialJurisprudential ReasonReason

The precepts of justice and fairness are said to be

permanent in all men everywhere since they are said to beimpressed or implanted in the human heart and mind. Furthermore,

they are supposed to be basic or identical for all peoples. The

precepts of justice and fairness ought therefore to explain the

resemblance or similarity in some aspects of the legal orders of

different peoples.


13/17

VALUEVALUE OFOF THETHE HISTORICALHISTORICAL DOCTRINEDOCTRINE OFOF THETHE LAWLAW

1. The organic connection of the law with the life and spirit of the peopleemphasizes the view that for law there is no absolute cessation. The law is

therefore, subject to the same changes and varieties that happen or occur tothe other aspects of the life of a people.

22.. HistoricalHistorical evolutionevolution servesserves veryvery wellwell asas aa guideguide toto legallegal thoughtthought .. Thus,Thus,

comparativecomparative studystudy ofof thethe legallegal institutionsinstitutions inin orderorder toto discoverdiscover theirtheir

similaritiessimilarities andand differences,differences, forfor theirtheir ownown good,good, isis traceabletraceable toto historicalhistoricaljurisprudencejurisprudence..

3. The historical doctrine of the nature of the law is also valuable and

significant to policy planners and government functionaries.

44.. TheThe historicalhistorical viewview ofof thethe naturenature ofof thethe lawlaw highlightshighlights thethe pointpoint thatthat rulesrules

andand regulationsregulations governinggoverning humanhuman conductconduct cancan betterbetter survivesurvive thethe tensionstensions ofof

socialsocial andand politicalpolitical existenceexistence andand whenwhen theythey areare inin accordanceaccordance withwith thethe

kindredkindred consciousnessconsciousness andand convictionconviction ofof thethe peoplepeople toto whomwhom suchsuch rulesrules andand

regulationregulation are,are, afterafter allall addressedaddressed..

ConfirmatoryConfirmatory provisionsprovisions inin thethe CivilCivil CodeCode whichwhich citedcited thethe historicalhistorical viewview ofof

thethe naturenature ofof thethe lawlaw..


14/17

Article 10 CCArticle 10 CC

In In casecase ofof doubtdoubt inin thetheinterpretationinterpretation oror applicationapplication ofoflaws,laws, itit isis presumed presumed thatthat thethelawmakinglawmaking bodybody intendedintended rightrightandand justicejustice toto prevailprevail..

-- ThisThis isis thethe legallegal expressionexpression forfor thethe profoundprofound sensesense of,of, andand lovelove for,for,righteousnessrighteousness andand justicejustice ofof thethe peoplepeople.. ThisThis nationalnational sensesense oror traittrait

isis treasuredtreasured inin thethe followingfollowing sawikainsawikain oror sabisabiofof thethe peoplepeople::

11.. IlubogIlubog manman atat dagnandagnan angang katwiran/katwiran/ ayay pilitpilit itongitong lulutanglulutang

(( RightRight thoughthough sunksunk andand weightedweighted // WillWill neverthelessnevertheless riserise toto

thethe surfacesurface..))

22.. ItiIti lintedlinted isutisut taklintaklin daguitidaguiti nalapnalap--itit..

(( RightRight isis thethe bulwarkbulwark ofof thethe weak)weak)


15/17

Articles 19 through 36 CCArticles 19 through 36 CC- Express the Pilipino folkway concerning human relations, about

which we hear so much about today.

-- basicbasic principleprinciple thatthat areare toto bebe observedobserved formform thethe rightfulrightful

relationshiprelationship betweenbetween humanhuman beingsbeings andand forfor thethe stabilitystability ofof socialsocial

orderorder..

-- TheThe underlyingunderlying themetheme ofof thesethese articlesarticles isis thatthat everyevery personperson mustmust

actact withwith justice,justice, givegive everyoneeveryone hishis duedue andand observeobserve honestyhonesty andand

goodgood faithfaith inin thethe exerciseexercise ofof theirtheir rightsrights andand inin thethe performanceperformance ofoftheirtheir obligationsobligations..

-- ThisThis sensesense ofof traittrait isis indicatedindicated inin thethe followingfollowing sawikainsawikain oror sabisabi ofof

thethe peoplepeople::

11.. MahalagaMahalaga angang puringpuring pataypatay // SaSa

masamangmasamang puringpuring buhaybuhay..(It(It isis betterbetter toto bebe deaddead withwith honor/honor/

thanthan toto bebe alivealive inin dishonordishonor..))

22.. MasiraMasira manman sasa pamimilak/pamimilak/ huwaghuwag

lamanglamang sasa pangungusappangungusap..

(It(It isis betterbetter thatthat richesriches areare lost/lost/ thanthan

toto breakbreak oneone wordword..))


16/17

ArticlesArticles 198198 throughthrough 211211-- HasHas historicalhistorical viewview onon thethe naturenature ofof thethe lawlaw onon

thethe systemsystem ofof absoluteabsolute communitycommunity ofof propertyproperty

betweenbetween spousesspouses.. ItIt isis thethe systemsystem thatthat isis

traditionaltraditional withwith thethe FilipinoFilipino peoplepeople andand inin

consonanceconsonance withwith theirtheirdiwadiwa..

-- ItIt isis nearernearer toto thethe idealideal ofof familyfamily unityunity andand isis

moremore inin harmonyharmony withwith thethe traditionaltraditional onenessoneness

ofof thethe PilipinoPilipino familyfamily..

Articles 216 through 222-- HasHas somethingsomething toto dodo withwith thethe

treatmenttreatment ofof thethe familyfamily asas aa domesticdomestic

institutioninstitution..

-- ReflectsReflects thethe soulsoul andand spiritspirit ofof thethe

PilipinoPilipino peoplepeople onon familyfamily solidaritysolidarity..ItItcontainscontains alsoalso thethe PilipinoPilipino folkwayfolkway ofof

thethe familyfamily homehome asas aa symbolsymbol ofof filialfilial

lovelove andand cherishedcherished memoriesmemories

Articles 252 through 254Articles 252 through 254-- DepictsDepicts thethe PilipinoPilipino folkwayfolkway ofof thethe familyfamily council,council, servingserving asas anan

advisoryadvisory bodybody withwith anan overridingoverriding influenceinfluence inin familyfamily mattersmatters..


17/17

Article 9Article 9

NoNo judge judge oror courtcourt shallshalldeclinedecline toto renderrender judgmentjudgmentbyby reasonreason ofof thethe silence,silence,obscurityobscurity oror insufficiencyinsufficiency ofofthethe lawslaws.. ((66))

-- TheThe proposedproposed provisionsprovisions inin thethe draftdraft

provideprovide thatthat ifif thethe provisionsprovisions ofof thethe

lawlaw dodo notnot solvesolve aa disputeddisputed pointpoint orormattermatter inin litigation,litigation, thethe folkwaysfolkways shallshall

governgovern..-- InIn itsits absence,absence, thethe folklorefolklore oror paniniwalapaniniwala ofof thethe peoplepeople onon justicejustice

andand equityequity maymay serveserve asas guidesguides toto judicialjudicial determinationdetermination..

--A

ndA

nd inin thethe fu

rtherfu

rther eventevent thatthat thethe pointpoint atat issu

eissu

e inin thethe litigationlitigationremainsremains unsettledunsettled thenthen thethe folkfolk--sayingsaying oror sawikainsawikain ofof thethe peoplepeople

maymay bebe utilizedutilized asas furtherfurther guidesguides toto adjudicativeadjudicative determinationdetermination..

FromFrom thethe foregoingforegoing provisionsprovisions ofof thethe lawlaw itit indicatesindicates thatthat withwith

oror withoutwithout modificationsmodifications thethe historicalhistorical doctrinedoctrine ofof thethe naturenature ofof thethe

law,law, asas thethe lifelife andand spiritspirit ofof thethe people, people, isis valuablevaluable andand practicablepracticable inin

thethe legallegal orderingordering..

mailene's powerpt presentation

Documents