5/ 1 1/2016 Low-Cost T echnol ogy for Ani mal Product s ht tp: //www.agnet.org/l i brary.php?func=vi ew&i d=201 10706124913&type i d=2 1/ 6 FFTC Publication Database Annual Reports Books Extension Bulletins Issues in Asian Agriculture Newsletters Practical Technology Research Highlights Technical Bulletins Technical Notes Site search：Search 0 Home > FFTC Publication Database > Food Processing and Post-Harvest Technology > Low-Cost Technology for Animal Products Low-Cost Technology for Animal Products Processing technology for small-scale livestock raisers, 1999-12-01 Curing and Preserving Livestock Hides and Skin Location: All regions, Philippines Technical Description In the absence of tanneries in localities or provinces, farmers sell hides and skins immediately after the slaughter of animals. On the other hand farmers/butchers who regularly slaughter large animals save the hides until an adequate number are available. Goat, sheep or pigskins are seldom saved for leather processing, because the skins of these species can be immediately used as food. Hides and skins intended for leather processing are washed and drained immediately after flaying. The curing and preservation process is usually by the application of salt. Salting hides and skin is a practice very commonly adopted by farmers and butchers who regularly slaughter animals. The salt applied will introduce an excess of inorganic salts and produce some dehydration. This process arrests the favorable growth of bacteria that wi ll otherwise decompose the hides. The hides and skins are spread on aslightly inclined slatted platform, with the flesh upward (Fig. 1 (2)). The amount of salt applied is about 40% of the weight of the hide of cattle and water buffalo, and 30% of the weight of the skin of goat, rabbit, and sheep. This is applied over the flesh side. The succeeding hides or skins are piled on top, using the same application rate of salt. Technically, the first salting should be carried out within 5 hours of flaying. The second salting is done 2-3 days after the first salting. Uses and Merits The practice is relatively simple. Salt is readily available, cheap and effective in curing and preserving the raw hides and skin for a relatively long period. By observing proper flaying and preservation procedures, hides and skin can be sold to tanneries at a higher price. With good raw leather materials, the local leather industry is likely to thrive and become more competitive. Reservations on Its Use The use of salt and its improper disposal can adversely affect the fertility of the soil, causing damage to the farm, nearby streams and reservoirs. Despite salting, the smell from hide curing and preservation may not be very pleasant to the neighborhood. Expert's Comments The best type of salt for hide preservation is small round pellets which spread and dissolve evenly. Also, in salting it is best to mix an antiseptic such as naphthalene or boric acid in every 100 kg of salt used. The use ofdirty and recycled salt should be avoided to prevent contamination with halophilic bacteria. Because of the unpleasant smell from the hides and skin being preserved, it is recommended that the storage sheds be located in isolated areas. If this is not possible, hides and skins should be sold immediately after slaughter. Manufacture of Cottage Cheese from Water Buffalo Milk Location: Philippines Technical Description The manufacture of white cheese (other names are cottage cheese and soft cheese) is quite popular in some provinces in the Philippines. The cheese are often wrapped in green banana leaves ( Fig. 2 (1)). Depending on the materials used in the region, the quality of the product varies (either soft or hard). White cheeses are usually made from buffalo milk because of the relatively high butterfat content in these animals' milk. White cheese, being a delicacy, fetches a higher price than fresh milk when marketed. RSS｜Register/註冊｜Log in/登入
