Locate, Label, and Color the 3 territories ,10 provinces, and the following Physical Features of Canada

Gulf of AlaskaHudson BayGreat LakesRocky MountainsSt. Lawrence River3 territories10 provinces

OntarioQuebecPrince Edward IslandNew Brunswick Newfoundland &

LabradorNova ScotiaBritish ColumbiaAlbertaSaskatchewanManitobaYukon TerritoryNorthwestNunavut

CanadaCanada is a federation (union) of 10

provinces and 3 territories.

John CabotJohn Cabot landed on the Atlantic coast of

North America, claiming it for England. Cabot's discovery led to England's

interest in what is now Atlantic Canada, especially the fishery and furs

Fast Facts For CanadaSecond largest country in the worldCanada extends across the continent of North

AmericaCanada is slightly larger than its southern

neighbor (United States)75% of people live within 100 miles of the southern

borderMost of rest is uninhabited or thinly populated Rugged terrain and a severe climateOttawa-capitalToronto-largest city Highest peak-Mount Logan

Fast Facts For CanadaLand of great varietyContains mountains, lakes, and forestsFields of wheat and other grains cover vast

prairies Most of the nation's largest population centers

and industrial areas are near the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River in central Canada. They are the major aquatic trading highways for Canada

In the east, fishing villages and sandy beaches line the Atlantic coast

Cultural Fun Facts: Religions, Sports, Education, & FoodMost are Roman Catholic & ProtestantWinter sports- skiing, snowboarding, skating,

and tobogganing Summer sports include swimming, canoeing,

fishing, hiking, tennis, and golfProfessional sports teamsMost are well-educatedFood is similar to how Americans eat, but

less fast-food

Climate/TerrainThe climate varies from temperate in south to

subarctic and arctic in northThe terrain is mostly plains with mountains in

west and lowlands in southeast

Early Inhabitants of CanadaFirst Nations hunters migrated from Asia to

North America across Beringia, a land bridge that connected Alaska and Siberia. They subsequently settled every part of what is now called Canada.

They were commonly called Intuits or Eskimos that hunted and gathered food

PeopleLike Canada's landscape, the country's people are

also varied. Nearly half of all Canadians have ancestors who came from England, Ireland, Scotland, or Wales. What continent are those countries located?

Europe¼ of Canadians have French ancestry. B/C of this

the Canadian government recognizes both English and French as official languages. Most French Canadians live in the province of Quebec, and have kept the language and many customs of their ancestors.

PeopleOther ethnic groups include German, Italian,

Ukrainian, and Chinese people. Large numbers of Asians live in Western Canada

and OntarioNative peoples—American Indians and Inuit—

make up a small percentage of the nation's population.Based on the majority of ethnic groups found in

Canada what country do you think colonized Canada before it became independent?

Europe

Quebec Quebec differs greatly from the rest of Canada because of its French

language and culture. The French explorer Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City, the first permanent European settlement in Canada, in 1608. Quebec remained a French colony until the United Kingdom gained control of it in 1763. Today, about 80 percent of Quebec's people are of French descent. French is the official language of Quebec.

In the past, the Roman Catholic Church dominated Quebec's politics and daily life. Today, the church generally has a less important role in the lives of the people of Quebec. For example, the feast day of Saint Jean Baptiste (Saint John the Baptist) in June is now celebrated largely as a secular (nonreligious) holiday. It serves as an occasion for the French-speaking people of Quebec to display their pride in their province.

Quebec is the largest province, and the second largest in population. Montreal, Quebec's largest city, is the hub of the province's economic

and cultural life. The largest industries in the Quebec region are service industries and manufacturing. Other important economic activities include agriculture, mining, forestry, and fishing.

QuebecQuebec's French-speaking citizens are called

QuebecoisControversial-Quebec's legislature has

passed a number of laws dealing with language issues

1970's--passed laws that:made French the language of government and

businessbanned the use of English on commercial signs

(laws were eventually changed)Bilingual commercial signs are okay now as

long as the French lettering is larger than the English

Natural Resources/EconomyA wealth of natural resources can be found in

Canada. European settlers first came to Canada to fish in

its coastal waters, and to trap the fur-bearing animals in its forests.

Forests were sources of timber for shipbuilding and other construction.

Today, pulpwood from these forests enables (allow) Canada to lead the world in the production of newsprint (paper for newspapers).

Fertile soil helps Canada rank among the world's leading wheat producers.

Power plants on its rivers allows Canada to be the leader in the generation of hydroelectric power.

Plentiful resources of petroleum, iron ore, timber and other minerals provide raw materials that help make Canada a top manufacturing nation.

Trade/EconomyCanada ranks among the leading countries in the

world in international trade. The nation's exports total hundreds of billions of dollars annually. About three-fourths of Canada's trade, both exports and imports, is with the United States. Automobiles and automobile parts, chemicals, and various kinds of machinery are exported and imported by both countries.

Canada's chief trading partners, besides the United States, include China, France, Germany, Japan, Mexico, and the United Kingdom.

North American Free Trade AgreementThe North American Free Trade Agreement

or (NAFTA) offers Canadian-based companies access to U.S. and Mexican markets.

Unique economic ties are reinforced by easy travelling distances between the key U.S. markets and all major Canadian urban centers, as well as outstanding North-South transportation links.

Environmental Issuesair pollution and resulting acid rain severely

affects lakes and damages forestsmetal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and

vehicle emissions impact agricultural and forest productivity

ocean waters become contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities

GovernmentCanada is an independent, self-governing nation. Constitution Act of 1982 recognizes the British

monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as queen of Canada. This position symbolizes the country's historic ties to the United Kingdom. Why??

The United Kingdom ruled Canada completely until 1848, when Canada began to gain control of its domestic affairs.

United Kingdom continued to govern Canada's foreign affairs. In 1931, Canada gained full independence.

Government Canada is a constitutional monarchy that is also a parliamentary democracy

and a federation Constitutional Monarchy-a system of government in which a monarch is

guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom.

Federal (Federation) - a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided - usually by means of a constitution - between a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies, or provinces) so that each region retains some management of its internal affairs; differs from a confederacy in that the central government exerts influence directly upon both individuals as well as upon the regional units.

Parliamentary democracy - a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government - a prime minister, premier, or chancellor along with the cabinet ministers - according to party strength as expressed in elections; by this system, the government acquires a dual responsibility: to the people as well as to the parliament.

Executive BranchChief of State: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952);

represented by Governor General Michaelle JEAN (since 27 September 2005)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Stephen HARPER (since 6 February 2006)

Cabinet: Federal Ministry chosen by the prime minister usually from among the members of his own party sitting in Parliament

elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister for a five-year term; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition in the House of Commons is automatically designated prime minister by the governor general

Legislative BranchBicameral Parliament or Parlement consists

of:Senate or Senat (105 seats; members

appointed by the governor general with the advice of the prime minister and serve until reaching 75 years of age)

House of Commons or Chambre des Communes (308 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms starting in 2009 elections

Judicial BranchSupreme Court of Canada (judges are

appointed by the prime minister through the governor general)

Federal Court of CanadaFederal Court of Appeal Provincial Courts

Regions of CanadaCanada has six cultural and economic

regions. They are:Atlantic Provinces

Lie on the Atlantic Ocean-Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia

Important fishing centers that provide most of Canada’s fish

Agriculture, mining, and manufacturing are important to the region

QuebecMostly French language and cultureFounded by Samuel de Champlain in 160880% of Quebec are French because of its

French colonization and settlementLargest province and second most populatedMontreal is the largest city and hub for culture

and economic lifeEconomic activities are agriculture, mining,

forestry, and fishing

OntarioMost populated province in CanadaFur trading was a major economic activity in

1600’sThe southern boundary passes through 4 of the

5 Great Lakes Superior, Huron, Erie, and Ontario

Produces half of Canada’s manufactured goodsToronto is the capital and is the largest city in

Canada

Prairie ProvincesThese provinces are Alberta, Saskatchewan,

Monitoba

British ColumbiaThe province lies on the Pacific OceanBritish Columbia's largest city, Vancouver, has

Canada's busiest porttwo-thirds of the province’s people have some

British or Irish ancestry. Other large ethnic groups include German and French. British Columbia has a higher percentage of Asians than any other province

Evergreen forests cover much of British Columbia, many people work in the logging and wood-processing industries.

Other major economic activities include agriculture, fishing, and mining.

The territories are:Yukon, Northwest, and Nunavut territoriesmake up more than a third of Canada's land areaB/C of remote location and severe climate, few

of the nation's people live thereThe terrain in Yukon and in the southwestern

part of the Northwest Territories consists mainly of forest-covered mountains.

Most of the rest of the region is a frozen wasteland for much of the year. The territories have rich mineral deposits, and mining is the chief economic activity.

Jasper National Park- Rockies

Interior Plains of Canada

Park in the Canadian Shield

Assignment Choices1) What would the U.S. be like today if we were

colonized by the French instead of the English. Give course descriptions of the classes offered at your school based on the French influence.

2) Is the U.S. better at everything? Role play a Canadian soccer team arguing with an American football team about what sport is best.

3) Discuss the attributes of Canada. Create a slogan and a poster to attract tourists.

4) Create an Acrostic poem exemplifying Canadian attributes.