Local Government Code PublicCorporationsMunicipal CorporationsSECTION 13 Namin! o" LocalGovernment #nits and Public Places$Streets and Structures %a& T'esan!!unian! panlala(i!an ma)$ inconsultation (it' t'e P'ilippine *istoricalCommission %P*C&$ c'an!e t'e name o"t'e "ollo(in! (it'in its territorial+urisdiction,%1& Component cities andmunicipalities$upon t'e recommendation o" t'esan!!unian concerned-%.& Provincial roads$ avenues$ boulevards$t'orou!'"ares$ and brid!es-%3& Public vocational or tec'nical sc'oolsand ot'er post/secondar) and tertiar)sc'ools-%0& Provincial 'ospitals$ 'ealt'centers$and ot'er 'ealt' "acilities- and%1& 2n) ot'er public place or buildin!o(ned b) t'e provincial !overnment%b& T'e san!!unians o" 'i!'l) urbani3edcities and o" component cities ('osec'arters pro'ibit t'eir voters "rom votin!"or provincial elective o4cials$'ereina"ter re"erredtoint'is Codeasindependent component cities$ ma)$ inconsultation (it' t'e P'ilippine *istoricalCommission$ c'an!e t'e name o" t'e"ollo(in! (it'in its territorial +urisdiction,%1& Cit) baran!a)s$ upon t'erecommendation o" t'e san!!unian!baran!a) concerned-%.& Cit) roads$ avenues$ boulevards$t'orou!'"ares$ and brid!es-%3& Public elementar)$ secondar) andvocational or tec'nical sc'ools$communit) colle!es and non/c'arteredcolle!es-%0& Cit) 'ospitals$ 'ealt' centers andot'er 'ealt' "acilities- and%1& 2n) ot'er public place or buildin!o(ned b) t'e cit) !overnment%c& T'e san!!unians o" component citiesandmunicipalities ma)$ inconsultation(it' t'e P'ilippine *istoricalCommission$ c'an!e t'e name o" t'e"ollo(in! (it'in its territorial +urisdiction,%1&Cit)andmunicipal baran!a)s$ uponrecommendation o" t'e san!!unian!baran!a) concerned-%.&Cit)$ municipal andbaran!a)roads$avenues$ boulevards$ t'orou!'"ares$ andbrid!es-%3& Cit) and municipal public elementar)$secondar) and vocational or tec'nicalsc'ools$ post/secondar) and ot'ertertiar) sc'ools-%0& Cit)andmunicipal 'ospitals$ 'ealt'centers and ot'er 'ealt' "acilities- and%1& 2n) ot'er public place or buildin!o(ned b) t'e municipal !overnment%d& None o" t'e "ore!oin! local!overnment units$ institutions$ places$ orbuildin!s s'all benameda"ter alivin!person$ nor ma)ac'an!eo" namebemade unless "or a +usti5able reason and$in an) case$ not o"tener t'an once ever)ten %16& )ears T'e name o" a local!overnment unit or a public place$ streetor structure(it''istorical$ cultural$ oret'nic si!ni5cance s'all not be c'an!ed$unless b) a unanimous vote o" t'esan!!unian concerned and inconsultation (it' t'e P*C%e& 2 c'an!e o" name o" a public sc'ools'all be made onl) upon t'erecommendation o" t'e local sc'oolboard concerned%"& 2 c'an!e o" name o" public 'ospitals$'ealt' centers$ and ot'er 'ealt' "acilitiess'all be made onl) upon t'erecommendation o" t'e local 'ealt'board concerned%!& T'e c'an!e o" name o" an) local!overnment unit s'all bee7ectiveonl)upon rati5cation in a plebisciteconducted "or t'e purpose in t'e politicalunit directl) a7ected%'& In an) c'an!e o" name$ t'e O4ce o"t'ePresident$ t'erepresentativeo" t'ele!islative district concerned$ and t'e8ureau o" Posts s'all be noti5edSECTION 11 Political and CorporateNature o" Local Government #nits Ever)local !overnment unit createdorreco!ni3ed under t'is Code is a bod)politic and corporate endo(ed (it'po(ers to be e9ercised b) it incon"ormit) (it' la( 2s suc'$ it s'alle9ercise po(ers as a political subdivisiono" t'e national !overnment and as acorporate entit) representin! t'ein'abitants o" its territor)SECTION 3:0 ;ole o" t'e 8aran!a) 2st'e basic political unit$ t'e baran!a)serves as t'e primar) plannin! andimplementin! unit o" !overnmentpolicies$ plans$ pro!rams$ pro+ects$ andactivities in t'e communit)$ and as a"orum ('erein t'e collective vie(s o" t'epeople ma) be e9pressed$ cr)stalli3edand considered$ and ('ere disputes ma)be amicabl) settledSECTION 006 ;ole o" t'e Municipalit) T'e municipalit)$ consistin! o" a !roup o"baran!a)s$ serves primaril) as a !eneralpurpose !overnment "or t'e coordinationand deliver) o" basic$ re!ular and directservices and e7ective !overnance o" t'ein'abitants (it'in its territorial+urisdictionSECTION 00: ;ole o" t'e Cit) T'e cit)$consistin! o" more urbani3ed anddeveloped baran!a)s$ serves as a!eneral purpose !overnment "or t'ecoordination and deliver) o" basic$re!ular$ and direct services and e7ective!overnanceo"t'ein'abitants(it'initsterritorial +urisdictionSECTION 01< ;ole o" t'e Province T'eprovince$ composed o" a cluster o"municipalities$ or municipalities andcomponent cities$ and as a politicalandcorporate unit o" !overnment$ serves asd)namic mec'anism"or developmentalprocesses and e7ective !overnance o"local !overnment units (it'in itsterritorial +urisdictionSECTION011 Cities$ Classi5ed 2cit)ma) eit'er be component or 'i!'l)urbani3ed, Provided$ 'o(ever$ T'at t'ecriteria establis'ed in t'is Code s'all nota7ect t'e classi5cation and corporatestatus o" e9istin! citiesIndependent component cities are t'osecomponent cities ('ose c'arters pro'ibitt'eir voters "romvotin! "or provincialelective o4cials Independentcomponent cities s'all be independent o"t'e provinceSECTION01.*i!'l) #rbani3ed Cities%a&Cities(it' aminimumpopulationo"t(o 'undred t'ousand %.66$666&in'abitants$ ascerti5edb)t'eNationalStatistics O4ce$ and (it'in t'e latestannual income o" at least =i"t) MillionPesos %P16$666$66666& basedon1uiredt'eri!'t tovote"or electiveprovincialo4cials prior to t'e classi5cation o" saidcities as 'i!'l)/urbani3ed a"ter t'erati5cation o" t'e Constitution and be"oret'e e7ectivit) o" t'is Code$ s'all continueto e9ercise suc' ri!'tI@ Creation and Aissolution o" MunicipalCorporationsGeneral Po(ersand2ttributes o" LocalGovernment #nitsSECTION B 2ut'orit) to Create LocalGovernment #nits 2 local !overnmentunit ma)becreated$ divided$ mer!ed$abolis'ed$ or its boundaries substantiall)altered eit'er b) la( enacted b)Con!ress in t'e case o" a province$ cit)$municipalit)$ or an) ot'er politicalsubdivision$ or b)ordinancepassedb)t'e san!!unian! panlala(i!an orsan!!unian! panlun!sod concerned int'e case o" a baran!a) located (it'in itsterritorial +urisdiction$ sub+ect to suc'limitations andre>uirements prescribedin t'is CodeSECTIONC CreationandConversion 2s a !eneral rule$ t'e creation o" a local!overnment unit or itsconversion"romone level to anot'er level s'all be basedonveri5ableindicators o" viabilit) andpro+ected capacit) to provide services$ to(it,%a& Income It must be su4cient$ basedonacceptablestandards$ toprovide"orall essential !overnment "acilities andservices and special "unctionscommensurate (it' t'e si3e o" itspopulation$ as e9pected o" t'e local!overnment unit concerned-%b& Population It s'all be determined ast'e total number o" in'abitants (it'int'e territorial +urisdiction o" t'e local!overnment unit concerned- and%c&Land2rea Itmustbeconti!uous$unless it comprises t(o %.& or moreislands or is separated b) a local!overnment unit independent o" t'eot'ers- properl) identi5ed b) metes andbounds(it'tec'nical descriptions- andsu4cient to provide "or suc' basicservices and "acilities to meet t'ere>uirements o" its populaceCompliance (it' t'e "ore!oin! indicatorss'all be attested to b) t'e Aepartment o"=inance %AO=&$ t'e National StatisticsO4ce %NSO&$ and t'e Lands Mana!ement8ureau %LM8& o" t'e Aepartment o"Environment and Natural ;esources%AEN;&SECTION : Aivision and Mer!er Aivision and mer!er o" e9istin! local!overnmentunitss'all compl)(it't'esame re>uirements 'erein prescribed "ort'eir creation, Provided$ 'o(ever$ T'atsuc' division s'all not reduce t'eincome$ population$ orlandareao" t'elocal !overnment unit or units concernedtolesst'ant'eminimumre>uirementsprescribed in t'is Code, Provided$ "urt'er$T'at t'e income classi5cation o" t'eori!inal local !overnment unit or unitss'all not "all belo(its current incomeclassi5cation prior to suc' divisionT'e income classi5cation o" local!overnment units s'all be updated (it'insi9 %B& mont's "rom t'e e7ectivit) o" t'isCode to reDect t'e c'an!es in t'eir5nancial position resultin! "rom t'eincreased revenues as provided 'ereinSECTION < 2bolition o" LocalGovernment #nits 2 local !overnmentunit ma) be abolis'ed ('en its income$population$ or land area 'as beenirreversibl) reduced to less t'an t'eminimumstandards prescribed "or itscreationunder8ooEIII o" t'isCode$ ascerti5ed b) t'e national a!enciesmentioned in Section C 'ereo" toCon!ress or to t'e san!!unianconcerned$ as t'e case ma) beT'ela(orordinanceabolis'in!alocal!overnment unit s'all speci") t'eprovince$ cit)$municipalit)$or baran!a)(it' ('ic' t'e local !overnment unitsou!'t to be abolis'ed (ill beincorporated or mer!edSECTION 16 Plebiscite ;e>uirement Nocreation$ division$ mer!er$ abolition$ orsubstantial alteration o" boundaries o"local !overnment unitss'all taEee7ectunless approved b) a ma+orit) o" t'evotescastinaplebiscitecalled"ort'epurpose in t'e political unit or unitsdirectl) a7ected Said plebiscite s'all beconducted b) t'e Commission onElections %COMELEC& (it'in one 'undredt(ent) %1.6& da)s "romt'e date o"e7ectivit) o" t'e la( or ordinancee7ectin! suc' action$ unless said la( orordinance 59es anot'er dateSECTION 10 8e!innin! o" CorporateE9istence F'en a ne( local!overnment unit is created$ its corporatee9istence s'all commence upon t'eelection and >uali5cation o" its c'ie"e9ecutive and a ma+orit) o" t'e memberso" its san!!unian$ unless some ot'ertime is 59ed t'ere"or b) t'e la( orordinance creatin! itSettlement o" 8oundar) AisputesSECTION 11: Gurisdictional ;esponsibilit)"or Settlement o" 8oundar) Aispute 8oundar)disputesbet(eenandamon!local !overnment units s'all$ as muc' aspossible$ be settled amicabl) To t'is end,%a&8oundar)disputesinvolvin!t(o%.&ormorebaran!a)sint'esamecit)ormunicipalit) s'all be re"erred "orsettlement to t'e san!!unian!panlun!sod or san!!unian! ba)anconcerned%b&8oundar)disputesinvolvin!t(o%.&or moremunicipalities(it'int'esameprovince s'all be re"erred "or settlementto t'e san!!unian! panlala(i!anconcerned%c& 8oundar) disputes involvin!municipalities or component cities o"di7erent provinces s'all be +ointl)re"erred "or settlement to t'esan!!unians o" t'e provinces concerned%d& 8oundar) disputes involvin! acomponent cit) or municipalit) on t'eone 'and and a 'i!'l) urbani3ed cit) ont'e ot'er$ or t(o %.& or more 'i!'l)urbani3ed cities$ s'all be +ointl) re"erred"or settlement to t'e respectivesan!!unians o" t'e parties%e&Int'eeventt'esan!!unian"ailstoe7ect an amicable settlement (it'insi9t) %B6& da)s "rom t'e date t'e dispute(as re"erred t'ereto$ it s'all issue acerti5cation to t'at e7ect T'erea"ter$ t'edispute s'all be "ormall) tried b) t'esan!!unian concerned ('ic' s'all decidet'e issue (it'in si9t) %B6& da)s "rom t'edate o" t'e certi5cation re"erred toaboveSECTION 11< 2ppeal Fit'in t'e timeandmannerprescribedb)t'e;uleso"Court$ an) part) ma) elevate t'edecision o" t'e san!!unian concerned tot'e proper ;e!ional Trial Court 'avin!+urisdiction over t'e area in dispute T'e;e!ional Trial Court s'all decide t'eappeal (it'in one %1& )ear "rom t'e 5lin!t'ereo" Pendin!5nal resolutiono" t'edisputedareapriortot'edisputes'allbe maintained and continued "or all le!alpurposesSECTION3:1 Manner o" Creation 2baran!a) ma) be created$ divided$mer!ed$ abolis'ed$ or its boundar)substantiall) altered$ b) la(or b) anordinance o" t'e san!!unian!panlala(i!an or san!!unian!panlun!sod$ sub+ect to approval b) ama+orit) o" t'e votes cast in a plebisciteto be conducted b) t'e COMELEC in t'elocal !overnment unit or units directl)a7ected(it'insuc'periodo" timeasma) be determined b) t'e la( orordinance creatin! said baran!a) In t'ecase o" t'e creation o" baran!a)s b) t'esan!!unian! panlala(i!an$ t'erecommendation o" t'e san!!unian!ba)an concerned s'all be necessar)SECTION3:B ;e>uisites"orCreation %a& 2 baran!a) ma) be created out o" aconti!uous territor) ('ic' 'as apopulation o" at least t(o t'ousand%.$666& in'abitants as certi5ed b) t'eNational Statistics O4ce e9cept in citiesand municipalities (it'in Metro Manilaand ot'er metropolitan politicalsubdivisions or in 'i!'l) urbani3ed cities('ere suc' territor) s'all 'ave a certi5edpopulation o" at least 5ve t'ousand%1$666& in'abitants, Provided$ T'at t'ecreation t'ereo" s'all not reduce t'epopulation o" t'e ori!inal baran!a) orbaran!a)s to less t'an t'e minimumre>uirement prescribed 'ereinTo en'ance t'e deliver) o" basic servicesint'eindi!enouscultural communities$baran!a)s ma) be created in suc'communities b) an act o" Con!ress$not(it'standin! t'e above re>uirement%b& T'e territorial +urisdiction o" t'e ne(baran!a)s'all beproperl)identi5edb)metes andbounds or b)moreor lesspermanent natural boundaries T'eterritor) need not be conti!uous i" itcomprises t(o %.& or more islands%c& T'e !overnor or cit) ma)or ma)prepare a consolidation plan "orbaran!a)s$ based on t'e criteriaprescribed in t'is section$ (it'in 'isterritorial +urisdiction T'eplans'all besubmitted to t'e san!!unian!panlala(i!an or san!!unian! panlun!sodconcerned "or appropriate actionInt'ecaseo" municipalities(it'int'eMetropolitan Manila 2rea and ot'ermetropolitan political subdivisions$ t'ebaran!a) consolidation plan s'all beprepared and approved b) t'esan!!unian! ba)an concernedSECTION001 Manner o" Creation 2municipalit) ma) be created$ divided$mer!ed$ abolis'ed$ or its boundar)substantiall)alteredonl)b)an2ct o"Con!ress and sub+ect to t'e approval b)a ma+orit) o" t'e votes cast in aplebiscite to be conducted b) t'eCOMELEC in t'e local !overnment unit orunits directl) a7ected E9cept as ma)ot'er(ise be provided in t'e said 2ct$ t'eplebiscite s'all be 'eld (it'in one'undred t(ent) %1.6& da)s "rom t'e dateo" its e7ectivit)SECTION00. ;e>uisites"orCreation %a& 2municipalit)ma)becreatedi" it'as an avera!e annual income$ ascerti5ed b) t'e provincial treasurer$ o" atleastT(omillion5ve'undredt'ousandpesos %P.$166$66666& "or t'e last t(o %.&consecutive )ears based on t'e 1uirements prescribed 'erein%b& T'e territorial +urisdiction o" a ne(l)/created municipalit) s'all be properl)identi5ed b) metes and bounds T'ere>uirement on land area s'all not appl)('eret'emunicipalit)proposedtobecreated is composed o" one %1& or moreislands T'e territor) need not beconti!uous i" it comprises t(o %.& or moreislands%c& T'e avera!e annual income s'allinclude t'e income accruin! to t'e!eneral "und o" t'e municipalit)concerned$ e9clusive o" special "unds$trans"ers and non/recurrin! income%d& Municipalities e9istin! as o" t'e dateo" t'e e7ectivit) o" t'is Code s'allcontinuetoe9ist andoperateassuc'E9istin! municipal districts or!ani3edpursuant to presidential issuances ore9ecutiveorders and('ic''avet'eirrespective set o" elective municipalo4cials 'oldin! o4ce at t'e time o" t'ee7ectivit)o" t'isCodes'all 'ence"ort'be considered as re!ular municipalitiesSECTION00< Manner o" Creation 2cit) ma) be created$ divided$ mer!ed$abolis'ed$ or itsboundar)substantiall)altered$ onl) b) an 2ct o" Con!ress$ andsub+ect to approval b) a ma+orit) o" t'evotes cast in a plebiscite to be conductedb) t'e COMELEC in t'e local !overnmentunit or units directl) a7ected E9cept asma)ot'er(isebeprovidedinsuc'2ct$t'eplebiscites'all be'eld(it'inone'undred t(ent) %1.6& da)s "rom t'e dateo" its e7ectivit)SECTION016 ;e>uisites"orCreation %a& 2 municipalit) or a cluster o"baran!a)s ma) be converted into acomponent cit) i" it 'as a locall)!enerated avera!e annual income$ ascerti5edb)t'eAepartment o" =inance$o" at least One 'undredmillion pesos%P166$666$66666& "or t'e last t(o %.&consecutive )ears based on .666constant prices$ and i" it 'as eit'er o" t'e"ollo(in! re>uisites,%i& a conti!uous territor) o"at least one'undred %166& s>uare Eilometers$ ascerti5ed b) t'e Land Mana!ement8ureau- or%ii& a population o" not less t'an one'undred 5"t) t'ousand %116$666&in'abitants$ ascerti5edb)t'eNationalStatistics O4ceT'e creation t'ereo" s'all not reduce t'eland area$ population and income o" t'eori!inalunit or units at t'e time o" saidcreation to less t'an t'e minimumre>uirements prescribed 'erein%b& T'e territorial +urisdiction o" a ne(l)/createdcit)s'all beproperl)identi5edb)metesandbounds T'ere>uirementonlandareas'all not appl)('eret'ecit) proposed to be created is composedo" one %1& or more islands T'e territor)neednot beconti!uousi" it comprisest(o %.& or more islands%c& T'e avera!e annual income s'allinclude t'e income accruin! to t'e!eneral "und$ e9clusive o" special"unds$trans"ers$ and non/recurrin! incomeSECTION011 Cities$ Classi5ed 2cit)ma) eit'er be component or 'i!'l)urbani3ed, Provided$ 'o(ever$ T'at t'ecriteria establis'ed in t'is Code s'all nota7ect t'e classi5cation and corporatestatus o" e9istin! citiesIndependent component cities are t'osecomponent cities ('ose c'arters pro'ibitt'eir voters "romvotin! "or provincialelective o4cials Independentcomponent cities s'all be independent o"t'e provinceSECTION01.*i!'l) #rbani3ed Cities%a&Cities(it' aminimumpopulationo"t(o 'undred t'ousand %.66$666&in'abitants$ ascerti5edb)t'eNationalStatistics O4ce$ and (it'in t'e latestannual income o" at least =i"t) MillionPesos %P16$666$66666& basedon1uiredt'eri!'t tovote"or electiveprovincialo4cials prior to t'e classi5cation o" saidcities as 'i!'l)/urbani3ed a"ter t'erati5cation o" t'e Constitution and be"oret'e e7ectivit) o" t'is Code$ s'all continueto e9ercise suc' ri!'tSECTION 013 Aut) to Aeclare *i!'l)#rbani3ed Status It s'all be t'e dut) o"t'e President to declare a cit) as 'i!'l)urbani3ed (it'in t'irt) %36& da)s a"ter its'all 'ave met t'e minimumre>uirements prescribed in t'eimmediatel) precedin! section$ uponproper application t'ere"or andrati5cation in a plebiscite b) t'e >uali5edvoters t'ereinSECTION0B6 Manner o" Creation 2province ma) be created$ divided$mer!ed$ abolis'ed$ or its boundar)substantiall)altered$ onl)b)an2ct o"Con!ressandsub+ect toapproval b)ama+orit) o" t'e votes cast in a plebisciteto be conducted b) t'e COMELEC in t'elocal !overnment unit or units directl)a7ected T'e plebiscite s'all be 'eld(it'inone'undredt(ent) %1.6& da)s"romt'edateo" e7ectivit)o" said2ct$unless ot'er(ise provided t'ereinSECTION0B1 ;e>uisites"orCreation %a& 2 province ma) be created i" it 'as anavera!eannual income$ ascerti5edb)t'eAepartment o" =inance$ o" not lesst'an T(ent) million pesos%P.6$666$66666& based on 1uali5ed 2"tere7ectivit) o" suc' conversion$ t'ePresident s'all 5ll up t'e position o"!overnor o" t'ene(l)/createdprovincet'rou!' appointment i" none 'as )etbeen appointed to t'e same as'ereinbe"ore provided$ and s'all alsoappoint a vice/!overnor andt'e ot'ermembers o" t'e san!!unian!panlala(i!an$ all o"('oms'all liEe(ise'old o4ce until t'eir successors s'all'avebeenelectedint'ene9t re!ularlocal elections and >uali5ed2ll >uali5ed appointive o4cials andemplo)eesint'ecareer serviceo" t'esaidsubprovinces at t'etimeo" t'eirconversion into re!ular provinces s'allcontinue in o4ce in accordance (it' civilservice la($ rules and re!ulations@ Municipal 2utonom)SECTION . Aeclaration o" Polic) %a& Itis 'ereb) declared t'e polic) o" t'e Statet'at t'e territorial and politicalsubdivisions o" t'e State s'all en+o)!enuineandmeanin!"ul localautonom)to enable t'emto attain t'eir "ullestdevelopmentassel"/reliantcommunitiesandmaEet'emmoree7ectivepartnersin t'e attainment o" national !oalsTo(ardt'isend$ t'eStates'all provide"or amoreresponsiveandaccountablelocal !overnment structure institutedt'rou!' a s)stem o" decentrali3ation('ereb) local !overnment units s'all be!iven more po(ers$ aut'orit)$responsibilities$ and resources T'eprocess o" decentrali3ation s'all proceed"romt'e National Government to t'elocal !overnment units%b& It isalsot'epolic)o" t'eStatetoensure t'e accountabilit) o" local!overnment units t'rou!' t'e institutiono" e7ective mec'anisms o" recall$initiative and re"erendum%c& It is liEe(ise t'e polic) o" t'e State tore>uireall national a!enciesando4cesto conduct periodic consultations (it'appropriate local !overnment units$non!overnmental and peopleHsor!ani3ations$ and ot'er concernedsectors o" t'e communit) be"ore an)pro+ect or pro!ramis implemented int'eir respective +urisdictionsSECTION 3 Operative Principles o"Aecentrali3ation T'e"ormulationandimplementation o" policies and measureson local autonom) s'all be !uided b) t'e"ollo(in! operative principles,%a& T'ere s'all be an e7ective allocationamon! t'e di7erent local !overnmentunits o" t'eir respective po(ers$"unctions$ responsibilities$ and resources-%b& T'eres'all beestablis'edinever)local !overnment unit an accountable$e4cient$ and d)namic or!ani3ationalstructure and operatin! mec'anism t'at(ill meet t'epriorit) needs and servicere>uirements o" its communities-%c& Sub+ect to civil service la($ rules andre!ulations$ local o4cials and emplo)eespaid('oll)or mainl)"romlocal "undss'all be appointed or removed$ accordin!tomeritand5tness$ b)t'eappropriateappointin! aut'orit)-%d& T'e vestin! o" dut)$ responsibilit)$andaccountabilit) inlocal !overnmentunits s'all be accompanied (it'provision "or reasonabl) ade>uateresources to disc'ar!e t'eir po(ers ande7ectivel) carr) out t'eir "unctions-'ence$ t'e) s'all 'ave t'e po(er tocreate and broaden t'eir o(n sources o"revenue and t'e ri!'t to a +ust s'are innational ta9es and an e>uitable s'are int'e proceeds o" t'e utili3ation anddevelopment o" t'e national (ealt'(it'in t'eir respective areas-%e& Provinces (it' respect to componentcitiesandmunicipalities$ andcitiesandmunicipalities (it' respect to componentbaran!a)s$ s'allensure t'at t'e acts o"t'eir component units are (it'in t'escope o" t'eir prescribed po(ers and"unctions-%"& Local !overnment units ma) !roupt'emselves$ consolidate or coordinatet'eire7orts$ services$ andresources"orpurposes commonl) bene5cial to t'em-%!&T'ecapabilitieso"local !overnmentunits$ especiall) t'emunicipalities andbaran!a)s$ s'all be en'anced b)providin! t'em (it' opportunities toparticipate activel) in t'eimplementation o" national pro!rams andpro+ects-%'& T'ere s'all be a continuin!mec'anismtoen'ancelocal autonom)not onl) b) le!islative enablin! acts butalso b) administrative and or!ani3ationalre"orms-%i& Local !overnment units s'all s'are(it' t'e national !overnment t'eresponsibilit) in t'e mana!ement andmaintenance o" ecolo!ical balance (it'int'eir territorial +urisdiction$ sub+ect to t'eprovisions o" t'is Code and nationalpolicies-%+& E7ective mec'anisms "or ensurin! t'eaccountabilit)o"local !overnmentunitstot'eirrespectiveconstituentss'all bestren!t'ened in order to up!radecontinuall) t'e >ualit) o" localleaders'ip-%E& T'e reali3ation o" local autonom)s'all be "acilitated t'rou!' improvedcoordination o" national !overnmentpoliciesandpro!ramsande9tensiono"ade>uate tec'nical and materialassistance to less developed anddeservin! local !overnment units-%l& T'e participation o" t'e private sectorinlocal !overnance$ particularl)int'edeliver) o" basic services$ s'all beencoura!ed to ensure t'e viabilit) o"local autonom) as an alternative strate!)"or sustainable development- and%m& T'e national !overnment s'allensuret'at decentrali3ationcontributesto t'e continuin! improvement o" t'eper"ormanceo" local !overnment unitsand t'e >ualit) o" communit) li"eSECTION0 Scopeo"2pplication T'isCodes'all appl)toall provinces$ cities$municipalities$ baran!a)s$ and ot'erpolitical subdivisionsasma)becreatedb) la($ and$ to t'e e9tent 'ereinprovided$ to o4cials$ o4ces$ or a!encieso" t'e national !overnmentSECTION 11 Political and CorporateNature o" Local Government #nits Ever)local !overnment unit createdorreco!ni3ed under t'is Code is a bod)politic and corporate endo(ed (it'po(ers to be e9ercised b) it incon"ormit) (it' la( 2s suc'$ it s'alle9ercise po(ers as a political subdivisiono" t'e national !overnment and as acorporate entit) representin! t'ein'abitants o" its territor)SECTION 1C 8asic Services and =acilities %a& Local !overnment units s'allendeavor to be sel"/reliant and s'allcontinue e9ercisin! t'e po(ers anddisc'ar!in! t'e duties and "unctionscurrentl)vestedupont'em T'e)s'allalso disc'ar!e t'e "unctions andresponsibilitieso"national a!enciesando4ces devolved to t'em pursuant to t'isCode Local !overnment units s'allliEe(ise e9ercise suc' ot'er po(ers anddisc'ar!e suc' ot'er "unctions andresponsibilities as are necessar)$appropriate$ or incidental to e4cient ande7ectiveprovisiono" t'ebasicservicesand "acilities enumerated 'erein%b& Suc' basic services and "acilitiesinclude$ but are not limited to$ t'e"ollo(in!,%1& =or a 8aran!a),%i& 2!ricultural support services ('ic'include plantin! materials distributions)stemandoperationo" "armproducecollection and bu)in! stations-%ii& *ealt' and social (el"are services('ic'includemaintenanceo" baran!a)'ealt' center and da)/care center-%iii& Services and "acilities related to!eneral ')!iene and sanitation$beauti5cation$ and solid (aste collection-%iv& Maintenance o" Eatarun!an!pambaran!a)-%v&Maintenanceo" baran!a)roadsandbrid!es and (ater suppl) s)stems-%vi& In"rastructure "acilities suc' as multi/purpose 'all$ multi/purpose pavement$pla3a$ sports center$ andot'er similar"acilities-%vii& In"ormation and readin! center- and%viii& Satellite or public marEet$ ('ereviable-%.& =or a Municipalit),%i& E9tension and on/site researc'services and "acilities related toa!riculture and 5s'er) activities ('ic'include dispersal o" livestocE and poultr)$5n!erlin!s$ andot'erseedin!materials"or a>uaculture- pala)$ corn$ andve!etable seed "arms- medicinal plant!ardens- "ruit tree$ coconut$ andot'erEinds o" seedlin! nurseries-demonstration"arms- >ualit)control o"copra and improvement anddevelopment o" local distributionc'annels$ pre"erabl) t'rou!'cooperatives- interbaran!a) irri!ations)stems- (ater and soil resourceutili3ation and conservation pro+ects- anden"orcement o" 5s'er) la(s in municipal(aters includin! t'e conservation o"man!roves-%ii& Pursuant to national policies andsub+ect to supervision$ control and revie(o" t'e AEN;$ implementation o"communit)/based "orestr) pro+ects ('ic'include inte!rated social "orestr)pro!rams and similar pro+ects-mana!ement andcontrol o" communal"orests(it'anareanote9ceedin!5"t)%16& s>uare Eilometers- establis'ment o"tree parEs$ !reenbelts$ and similar "orestdevelopment pro+ects-%iii& Sub+ect to t'e provisions o" Title =ive$8ooE I o" t'is Code$ 'ealt' services ('ic'includet'eimplementationo"pro!ramsand pro+ects on primar) 'ealt' care$maternal and c'ild care$ andcommunicable and non/communicabledisease control services- access tosecondar)andtertiar)'ealt'services-purc'ase o" medicines$ medical supplies$ande>uipmentneededtocarr)outt'eservices 'erein enumerated-%iv& Social (el"are services ('ic' includepro!rams and pro+ects on c'ild and )out'(el"are$ "amil)andcommunit)(el"are$(omenHs(el"are$ (el"areo" t'eelderl)and disabled persons- communit)/basedre'abilitation pro!rams "or va!rants$be!!ars$ street c'ildren$ scaven!ers$+uvenile delin>uents$ and victims o" dru!abuse- liveli'ood and ot'er pro/poorpro+ects- nutrition services- and "amil)plannin! services-%v& In"ormation services ('ic' includeinvestments and +ob placementin"ormations)stems$ ta9andmarEetin!in"ormation s)stems$ and maintenance o"a public librar)-%vi& Solid (aste disposal s)stem orenvironmental mana!ements)stemandservices or "acilities relatedto!eneral')!iene and sanitation-%vii& Municipal buildin!s$ cultural centers$public parEs includin! "reedomparEs$pla)!rounds$ andot'er sports "acilitiesand e>uipment$ and ot'er similar"acilities-%viii& In"rastructure "acilities intendedprimaril) to service t'e needs o" t'eresidentso" t'emunicipalit)and('ic'are "unded out o" municipal "undsincludin!$ but not limitedto$ municipalroadsandbrid!es- sc'ool buildin!sandot'er "acilities "or public elementar) andsecondar) sc'ools- clinics$ 'ealt' centersandot'er 'ealt'"acilitiesnecessar)tocarr) out 'ealt' services- communalirri!ation$ small (ater impoundin!pro+ectsandot'er similar pro+ects- 5s'ports- artesian (ells$ sprin!development$ rain(ater collectors and(ater suppl) s)stems- sea(alls$ diEes$draina!e and se(era!e$ and Doodcontrol- tra4c si!nals and road si!ns-and similar "acilities-%i9& Public marEets$ slau!'ter'ouses andot'er municipal enterprises-%9& Public cemeter)-%9i& Tourism"acilities andot'er touristattractions$ includin!t'eac>uisitiono"e>uipment$ re!ulation and supervision o"business concessions$ and securit)services "or suc' "acilities- and%9ii& Sites "or police and 5re stations andsubstations and municipal +ail-%3& =or a Province,%i& 2!ricultural e9tension and on/siteresearc' services and "acilities ('ic'include t'e prevention and control o"plant and animal pests and diseases-dair) "arms$ livestocE marEets$ animalbreedin! stations$ and arti5cialinseminationcenters- andassistanceint'e or!ani3ation o" "armersH and5s'ermenHs cooperatives and ot'ercollectiveor!ani3ations$ as (ell as t'etrans"er o" appropriate tec'nolo!)-%ii&Industrial researc'anddevelopmentservices$ as (ell as t'e trans"er o"appropriate tec'nolo!)-%iii& Pursuant to national policies andsub+ect to supervision$ control and revie(o" t'e AEN;$ en"orcement o" "orestr)la(s limited to communit)/based "orestr)pro+ects$ pollution control la($ small/scale minin! la($ and ot'er la(s on t'eprotection o" t'e environment- and mini/')droelectric pro+ects "or local purposes-%iv& Sub+ect to t'e provisions o" Title =ive$8ooE I o" t'is Code$ 'ealt' services ('ic'include 'ospitals and ot'er tertiar)'ealt' services-%v& Social (el"are services ('ic' includepro!rams and pro+ects on rebel returneesand evacuees- relie" operations- andpopulation development services-%vi& Provincial buildin!s$ provincial +ails$"reedom parEs and ot'er public assembl)areas$ and similar "acilities-%vii& In"rastructure"acilities intendedtoservice t'e needs o" t'e residents o" t'eprovince and('ic' are"undedout o"provincial "unds includin!$ but not limitedto$ provincial roads andbrid!es- inter/municipal (ater(orEs$ draina!e andse(era!e$ Dood control$ and irri!ations)stems- reclamation pro+ects- andsimilar "acilities-%viii&Pro!ramsandpro+ects"orlo(/cost'ousin! and ot'er mass d(ellin!s$e9cept t'ose "unded b) t'e SocialSecurit) S)stem %SSS&$ GovernmentService Insurance S)stem %GSIS&$ and t'e*ome Aevelopment Mutual =und %*AM=&-Provided$ T'at national "unds"or t'esepro!rams and pro+ects s'all be e>uitabl)allocated amon! t'e re!ions inproportion to t'e ratio o" t'e 'omeless tot'e population-%i9& Investment support services$includin! access to credit 5nancin!-%9p!radin!andmoderni3ationo" ta9in"ormation and collection servicest'rou!'t'euseo" computer 'ard(areand so"t(are and ot'er means-%9i& Inter/municipal telecommunicationsservices$ sub+ect to national polic)!uidelines- and%9ii& Tourism development and promotionpro!rams-%0& =or a Cit),2ll t'e services and "acilities o" t'emunicipalit) and province$ and inaddition t'ereto$ t'e "ollo(in!,%i& 2de>uate communication andtransportation "acilities-%ii& Support "or education$ police and 5reservices and "acilities-%c& Not(it'standin! t'e provisions o"subsection%b&'ereo"$ public(orEsandin"rastructure pro+ects and ot'er"acilities$ pro!ramsandservices"undedb)t'eNational Government under t'eannual General 2ppropriations 2ct$ ot'erspecial la(s$pertinent e9ecutive orders$and t'ose ('oll) or partiall) "unded "rom"orei!nsources$ arenot coveredundert'is section$ e9cept in t'ose cases ('eret'elocal !overnment unit concernedisdul) desi!nated as t'e implementin!a!enc) "or suc' pro+ects$ "acilities$pro!rams$ and services%d& T'e desi!ns$ plans$ speci5cations$testin! o" materials$ and t'e procuremento" e>uipment andmaterials "rombot'"orei!nandlocal sourcesnecessar)"ort'eprovisiono" t'e"ore!oin!servicesand "acilities s'all be undertaEen b) t'elocal !overnmentunitconcerned$ basedon national policies$ standards and!uidelines%e& National a!encies or o4cesconcerned s'all devolve to local!overnment units t'e responsibilit) "ort'e provision o" basic services and"acilities enumerated in t'is section(it'in si9 %B& mont's a"ter t'e e7ectivit)o" t'is Code2s used in t'is Code$ t'e termIdevolutionJre"erstot'eact b)('ic't'eNational Governmentcon"erspo(erand aut'orit) upon t'e various local!overnment units to per"orm speci5c"unctions and responsibilities%"& T'e National Government or t'e ne9t'i!'er level o" local !overnment unit ma)provideor au!ment t'ebasic servicesand "acilities assi!ned to a lo(er level o"local !overnment unit ('en suc'services or "acilities are not madeavailable or$ i" made available$ areinade>uate to meet t'e re>uirements o"its in'abitants%!& T'e basic services and "acilities'ereinabove enumerated s'all be "unded"rom t'e s'are o" local !overnment unitsin t'e proceeds o" national ta9es andot'er local revenues and "undin! support"rom t'e National Government$ itsinstrumentalities and !overnment/o(nedor /controlled corporations ('ic' aretasEed b) la( to establis' and maintainsuc'services or "acilities 2n)"undorresourceavailable"or t'euseo" local!overnment units s'all be 5rst allocated"or t'e provision o" basic services or"acilities enumerated in subsection %b&'ereo" be"ore appl)in! t'e same "orot'er purposes$ unless ot'er(iseprovided in t'is Code%'&;e!ional o4ces o"national a!enciesoro4ces('ose"unctionsaredevolvedto local !overnment units as provided'erein s'all be p'ased out (it'in one %1&)ear "rom t'e approval o" t'is Code Saidnational a!encies and o4ces ma)establis' suc' 5eld units as ma) benecessar)"or monitorin!purposes andprovidin! tec'nical assistance to local!overnment units T'e properties$e>uipment$ and ot'er assets o" t'esere!ional o4ces s'all be distributed to t'elocal !overnment unitsint'ere!ioninaccordance (it' t'e rules andre!ulations issued b) t'e Oversi!'tCommittee created under t'is Code%i& T'edevolutioncontemplatedint'isCodes'all includet'etrans"er tolocal!overnment units o" t'e records$e>uipment$ and ot'er assets andpersonnel o" national a!encies ando4ces correspondin! to t'e devolvedpo(ers$ "unctions$ and responsibilitiesPersonnel o" said national a!encies oro4ces s'all be absorbed b) t'e local!overnment unitsto('ic't'e)belon!orin('oseareast'e)areassi!nedtot'e e9tent t'at it is administrativel)viable as determined b) t'e saidoversi!'tcommittee, Provided$T'at t'eri!'ts accorded to suc' personnelpursuant tocivil servicela($ rulesandre!ulations s'all not be impaired,Provided$ "urt'er$ T'at re!ional directors('o are career e9ecutive service o4cersandot'ero4cerso"similarranEint'esaid re!ional o4ces ('o cannot beabsorbedb)t'elocal !overnment units'all be retained b) t'e NationalGovernment$ (it'out an)diminutiono"ranE$ salar) or tenure%+& Toensuret'eactiveparticipationo"t'eprivatesector inlocal !overnance$local !overnment units ma)$ b)ordinance$ sell$ lease$ encumber$ orot'er(ise dispose o" public economicenterprises o(ned b) t'em in t'eirproprietar) capacit)Costs ma) also be c'ar!ed "or t'edeliver) o" basic services or "acilitiesenumerated in t'is sectiontional Government and LocalGovernment #nitsSECTION.1 National SupervisionoverLocal Government #nits %a& Consistent(it' t'e basic polic) on local autonom)$t'e President s'all e9ercise !eneralsupervisionoverlocal !overnmentunitstoensuret'att'eiractsare(it'int'escope o" t'eir prescribed po(ers and"unctionsT'ePresidents'all e9ercisesupervisor)aut'orit)directl)over provinces$ 'i!'l)urbani3ed cities$ and independentcomponent cities- t'rou!'t'eprovince(it' respect to component cities andmunicipalities-andt'rou!' t'ecit)andmunicipalit) (it' respect to baran!a)s%b& National a!encies and o4ces (it'pro+ect implementation "unctions s'allcoordinate (it' one anot'er and (it' t'elocal !overnment units concerned in t'edisc'ar!eo" t'ese"unctions T'e)s'allensure t'e participation o" local!overnment units bot'int'eplannin!and implementation o" said nationalpro+ects%c&T'ePresident ma)$ uponre>uest o"t'e local !overnment unit concerned$direct t'e appropriate national a!enc) toprovide 5nancial$ tec'nical$ or ot'er"orms o" assistance to t'e local!overnment unit Suc'assistances'allbe e9tended at no e9tra cost to t'e local!overnment unit concerned%d& National a!encies and o4cesincludin! !overnment/o(ned or/controlled corporations (it' 5eld units orbranc'es in a province$ cit)$ ormunicipalit)s'all "urnis't'elocal c'ie"e9ecutiveconcerned$"or'isin"ormationand !uidance$ mont'l) reports includin!dul)certi5edbud!etar)allocationsande9pendituresInter/Local Government ;elationsSECTION .< Provincial ;elations (it'Component Cities and Municipalities T'e province$ t'rou!' t'e !overnor$ s'allensuret'at ever) component cit) andmunicipalit) (it'in its territorial+urisdictionacts(it'int'escopeo" itsprescribedpo(ersand"unctions *i!'l)urbani3ed cities and independentcomponent cities s'all be independent o"t'e provinceSECTION 3. Cit) and MunicipalSupervision over T'eir ;espective8aran!a)s T'e cit) or municipalit)$t'rou!' t'e cit) or municipal ma)orconcerned$ s'all e9ercise !eneralsupervision over component baran!a)sto ensure t'at said baran!a)s act (it'int'e scope o" t'eir prescribed po(ers and"unctionsSECTION 1.: Aeconcentration o";e>uisite 2ut'orit) and Po(er T'eNational Government s'all$ si9 %B&mont's a"ter t'e e7ectivit) o" t'is Code$e7ect t'e deconcentration o" re>uisiteaut'orit)andpo(er tot'eappropriatere!ional o4ces or 5eld o4ces o" nationala!encies or o4ces ('ose ma+or"unctions are not devolved to local!overnment units@I Po(ers o" Municipal CorporationsSECTION1 ;uleso" Interpretation Int'e interpretation o" t'e provisions o" t'isCode$ t'e "ollo(in! rules s'all appl),%a&2n)provisiononapo(ero"alocal!overnment unit s'all be liberall)interpretedinits"avor$ andincaseo"doubt$ an) >uestion t'ereon s'all beresolved in "avor o" devolution o" po(ersando"t'elo(erlocal !overnmentunit2n) "air and reasonable doubt as to t'ee9istence o" t'e po(er s'all beinterpreted in "avor o" t'e local!overnment unit concerned-%b& In case o" doubt$ an) ta9 ordinance orrevenue measure s'all be construedstrictl) a!ainst t'e local !overnment unitenactin!it$ andliberall)in"avoro"t'eta9pa)er 2n)ta9e9emption$ incentiveor relie" !ranted b) an) local !overnmentunit pursuant tot'eprovisions o" t'isCodes'all beconstruedstrictl)a!ainstt'e person claimin! it%c& T'e !eneral (el"are provisions in t'isCode s'all be liberall) interpreted to !ivemore po(ers to local !overnment units inacceleratin!economicdevelopmentandup!radin! t'e >ualit) o" li"e "or t'epeople in t'e communit)-%d& ;i!'ts and obli!ations e9istin! on t'edate o" e7ectivit) o" t'is Code andarisin! out o" contracts or an) ot'ersource o" prestation involvin! a local!overnment unit s'all be!overnedb)t'e ori!inal terms and conditions o" saidcontracts or t'e la( in "orce at t'e timesuc' ri!'ts (ere vested- and%e& In t'e resolution o" controversiesarisin!under t'isCode('erenole!alprovision or +urisprudence applies$ resortma) be 'ad to t'e customs andtraditions in t'e place ('ere t'econtroversies taEe place@II Municipal Police Po(er and t'eGeneral Fel"are Clause SECTION1B General Fel"are Ever)local !overnmentunits'alle9erciset'epo(ers e9pressl) !ranted$ t'osenecessaril) implied t'ere"rom$ as (ell aspo(ers necessar)$ appropriate$ orincidental "or its e4cient ande7ective!overnance$ and t'ose ('ic' areessential to t'e promotion o" t'e !eneral(el"are Fit'in t'eir respective territorial+urisdictions$ local !overnment units s'allensure and support$ amon! ot'er t'in!s$t'e preservation and enric'ment o"culture$ promote 'ealt' and sa"et)$en'ance t'e ri!'t o" t'e people to abalanced ecolo!)$ encoura!e andsupportt'edevelopmento"appropriateand sel"/reliant scienti5c andtec'nolo!ical capabilities$ improve publicmorals$ en'ance economic prosperit)and social +ustice$ promote "ullemplo)ment amon! t'eir residents$maintain peace and order$ and preservet'e com"ort and convenience o" t'eirin'abitantsT'e Cit) Ma)orSECTION011 C'ie" E9ecutive- Po(ers$Auties and Compensation %a& T'e cit)ma)or$ as c'ie" e9ecutive o" t'e cit)!overnment$ s'all e9ercisesuc'po(ersand per"orm suc' duties and "unctions asprovided b) t'is Code and ot'er la(s%b& =or e4cient$ e7ective and economical!overnancet'epurposeo"('ic'ist'e!eneral (el"are o" t'e cit) and itsin'abitants pursuant to Section 1B o" t'isCode$ t'e cit) ma)or s'all,%1& E9ercise !eneral supervision andcontrol over all pro!rams$ pro+ects$services$ and activities o" t'e cit)!overnment$ and in t'is connection$s'all,%i& Aetermine t'e !uidelines o" cit)policies and be responsible to t'esan!!unian! panlun!sod "or t'e pro!ramo" !overnment-%ii& Airect t'e "ormulation o" t'e cit)development plan$ (it' t'e assistance o"t'ecit)developmentcouncil$ anduponapproval t'ereo" b) t'e san!!unian!panlun!sod$ implement t'e same-%iii&Presentt'epro!ramo"!overnmentand propose policies and pro+ects "or t'econsideration o" t'e san!!unian!panlun!sod at t'e openin! o" t'e re!ularsessiono" t'esan!!unian!panlun!sodever) calendar )ear and as o"ten as ma)be deemed necessar) as t'e !eneral(el"are o" t'e in'abitants and t'e needso" t'e cit) !overnment ma) re>uire-%iv& Initiate and propose le!islativemeasures to t'e san!!unian!panlun!sod and as o"ten as ma) bedeemed necessar)$ provide suc'in"ormation and data needed orre>uested b) said san!!unian in t'eper"ormance o" its le!islative "unctions-%v& 2ppoint all o4cials andemplo)ees('ose salaries and (a!es are ('oll) ormainl) paid out o" cit) "unds and ('oseappointments are not ot'er(ise provided"or in t'is Code$ as (ell as t'ose 'e ma)be aut'ori3ed b) la( to appoint-%vi& ;epresent t'e cit) in all its businesstransactions and si!n in its be'al" allbonds$ contracts$ and obli!ations$ andsuc' ot'er documents upon aut'orit) o"t'e san!!unian! panlun!sod or pursuantto la( or ordinance-%vii& Carr) out suc' emer!enc) measuresasma)benecessar)durin!andint'ea"termat' o" man/made and naturaldisasters and calamities-%viii& Aetermine t'e time$ manner andplace o" pa)ment o" salaries or (a!es o"t'e o4cials and emplo)ees o" t'e cit)$ inaccordance (it' la( or ordinance-%i9& 2llocateandassi!no4cespacetocit) andot'er o4cials andemplo)ees('o$ b) la( or ordinance$ are entitled tosuc' space in t'e cit) 'all andot'erbuildin!s o(nedor leasedb) t'ecit)!overnment-%9& Ensure t'at all e9ecutive o4cials andemplo)ees o" t'e cit) "ait'"ull) disc'ar!et'eir duties and "unctions as provided b)la(and t'is Code$ and cause to beinstituted administrative or +udicialproceedin!s a!ainst an) o4cial oremplo)ee o" t'e cit) ('o ma) 'avecommitted an o7ense in t'e per"ormanceo" 'is o4cial duties-%9i& E9amine t'e booEs$ records andot'er documentso" all o4ces$ o4cials$a!entsoremplo)eeso" t'ecit)and$inaid o" 'is e9ecutive po(ers andaut'orit)$ re>uire all national o4cials andemplo)ees stationedin or assi!nedtot'ecit)tomaEeavailableto'imsuc'booEs$ records$ andot'erdocumentsint'eir custod)$ e9cept t'ose classi5ed b)la( as con5dential-%9ii& =urnis'copies o" e9ecutiveordersissued b) 'im$ to t'e provincial !overnorin t'e case o" component cit) ma)ors$ tot'e O4ce o" t'e President in t'e case o"'i!'l)/urbani3ed cit) ma)ors$ and tot'eir respective metropolitan councilc'airmen in t'e case o" ma)ors o" citiesin t'e Metropolitan Manila 2rea and ot'ermetropolitan political subdivisions$ (it'insevent)/t(o %C.& 'ours a"ter t'eirissuance-%9iii& @isit component baran!a)so" t'ecit) at least once ever) si9 %B& mont's todeepen 'is understandin! o" problemsand conditions$ listen and !iveappropriate counsel to local o4cials andin'abitants$ in"orm t'e componentbaran!a) o4cials and in'abitants o"!eneral la(s and ordinances ('ic'especiall)concernt'em$ andot'er(iseconduct visits and inspections to ensuret'at t'e !overnance o" t'e cit) (illimprove t'e >ualit) o" li"e o" t'ein'abitants-%9iv& 2ct on leave applications o" o4cialsand emplo)ees appointed b) 'im and t'ecommutationo" t'emonetar)valueo"t'eir leave credits in accordance (it'la(-%9v& 2ut'ori3e o4cial trips o" cit) o4cialsand emplo)ees outsideo"t'ecit) "oraperiod not e9ceedin! t'irt) %36& da)s-%9vi& Call upon an) national o4cial oremplo)ee stationed in or assi!ned to t'ecit)toadvise'imonmattersa7ectin!t'ecit)andtomaEerecommendationst'ereon- coordinate(it'saido4cial oremplo)ee in t'e "ormulation andimplementationo" plans$ pro!ramsandpro+ects- and$ ('enappropriate$ initiatean administrative or +udicial actiona!ainst a national !overnment o4cial oremplo)ee('oma)'avecommittedano7ense in t'e per"ormance o" 'is o4cialduties('ilestationedinorassi!nedtot'e cit)-