lilly 2009 presentation-part two

8/14/2019 Lilly 2009 Presentation-Part Two

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What Neuroscience has toTeach Us-Part 2


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Sleep

7. Sleep

The brainneeds sleep

to processinformation


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Stress

8. Stress

Stressdiminishes/

harms brainfunction


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Multiple Senses

9. The brainworks best

when multiplesenses areinvolved


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We Use all our Senses

The study's lead investigator -- AssistantProfessor of Psychology Aaron Seitz

says the traditional belief among neuroscientistshas been that the five senses operate largelyas independent systems.

However, mounting data suggest interactionsbetween vision, hearing, smell, touch and tasteare the rule, rather than the exception, when itcomes to how the human brain processessensory information and thus perceives things.

Journal Current Biology, 2006


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20 Ounces of Coke

.74 grams of sugar or 2 7oz


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A Burger King Wopper

47 grams of fat


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Using all Our Senses toLearn

Those in multisensoryenvironmentsalways do betterthan those in

unisensoryenvironments

They have more recall

with betterresolution that lastslonger, evident even20 years later.

ohn Medina, Brain


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Using all Our Senses toLearn

Studies from the NationalInstitutes of Child Healthand HumanDevelopment haveshown

that for childrenwith difficulties

learning to read,a multisensoryteaching methodis the most

effective


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Smell and Learning

Proust Effect isthe unusualability of smell

to enhancerecall

Best resultswhen smellsare congruent

with the


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Smell and Learning

Emotional detailsorautobiographical

memories havethe best recallresults fromusing using smell

( pg 212)

I m e t h e r a t

th e tu lipfe stiva l


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Smell and Sleep

Smell can improvedeclarative memoryduring sleep

Research usingrose scent duringsleep enhanced

recall of simplememory cardmatches thatwere learned

while smellingthe rose scent b


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Temporal Congruity Principle

Students learnbetter when

words andpictures are

presentedsimultaneouslyrather thensuccessively


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Spatial Congruity Principle

Students learnbetter when

words andpictures are near

to each other onthe page ratherthan far fromeach other.


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Coherence Principle

Students learnbetter whenextraneous

material isexcluded


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Modality Principle

Students learnbetter from

animation andnarration thanfrom animationand screen text


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Vision Trumps All

10.Vision trumps all other senses


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Vision Trumps All

The more visual the input becomesthe more likely it is to berecognized and recalled

This is called the Pictorial SuperiorityEffect


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Vision Trumps All

Text and oralpresentations arenot just less

efficient thanpictures forretaining certainkinds of

information theyare way lessefficient

p.234


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Vision Trumps All

Oral informationhas a recall ofabout 10% after

72 hours --add apicture and therecall increasesto 65%

P.234


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Vision Trumps All

Humans pay a lot of attention to the size of thingsand to things in motion.


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Questions

How can we teach to our studentssenses?

What kinds of assignments wouldengage our students senses?


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Mens and Womens Brains areDifferent

11. There aredifferences in thebrains of men and

women

M d d diff tl t t


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Men and women respond differently to acutestress

Men activate theamygdala in theright hemisphereof the brain andrecord the gist of

the event

Women activatethe amygdala inthe lefthemisphere andremember the

details of the


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The Brain was Designed toLearn

12. The brain was meant to exploreand learn


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Patterns and Learning


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SLIDE ONE

4915802979


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Slide Two

(491) 580-2979


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Slide One

NRAFBINBCUS

AMTV


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Slide Two

NRA NBC FBI

USA MTV


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Which is easier?

Counting backwards from 100

OR

Reciting the alphabet

backwards


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Reading a textbook

90% of the time the 1st sentence of a paragraph

is the Main Idea of theparagraph


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Reading Patterns

Lists

Sequences

Definitions

Cause and Effect

Similarity andDifference

Spatial Order


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Similarity and Difference

The most common pattern used inAmerican schools is similarity anddifference.


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Information Learned in aComplete Pattern

When information is learned as partof a whole (a complete pattern) itbecomes easier to recall.

Stimulating any part of the

pattern can lead to the recall of thewhole pattern.


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Baseball Players Positions


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However, if all a person did was memorize the namesin order 1-9 trouble!!!


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Questions

What is the pattern(s) of yourcontent area?

How can you use this pattern(s) toenhance students understandingof your content?


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References

Bjork, R. A. (1994) Memory and Metamemory consideration in the training of human beings. In J.Metcalfe & A. Shimamura (Eds) Metacognition: Knowing about Knowing pp. 185-205. Cambridge,MA MIT Press.

Bloom, Benjamin S. (Ed). (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The classification of Educational Goals. Handbook I. Cognitive Domain (pp. 201-207). New

York: McKay.Caine, Renate; Caine, Geoffrey.Education on The Edge of Possibility. Alexandria, VA: Association for

Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997.Damasio, A. R. (1994).Descartes' error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. New York, NY,

Grosset/PutnamDiamond, Marion. (1988).Enriching Heredity: The Impact of the Environment on the Brain.New York,

NY: Free Press.Damasio AR: Fundamental Feelings. Nature 413:781, 2001..D. O. Hebb,1949 monograph, The Organization of BehaviorDweck, Carol. Mindset The New Psychology of Success, 2006 random House, NYMedina, John, Brain Rules, Pear Press, 2008Sylwester, R. A Celebration of Neurons An Educators Guide to the Human Brain, ASCD:1995Sprenger, M. Learning and Memory The Brain in Action by, ASCD, 1999.


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References

How People Learn by National Research Council editor John Bransford, National Research Council, 2000 Goldberg, E. The Executive Brain Frontal Lobes and the Civilized Mind ,Oxford University Press: 2001 Ratey, J. MD. Spark: The New Science of Exercise and the Brain, 2008, Little Brown Ratey, J. MD :A Users Guide to the Brain, Pantheon Books: New York, 2001 Zull, James. The Art of Changing the Brain.2002, Stylus: Virginia Weimer, Maryellen. Learner-Centered Teaching. Jossey-Bass, 2002 Sousa, David. How the Brain Learns(Corwin Press, Inc., 1998),

Long-Lasting Novelty-Induced Neuronal Reverberation during Slow-Wave Sleep in Multiple

Forebrain AreasSidarta Ribeiro, Damien Gervasoni, Ernesto S. Soares, Yi Zhou, Shih-Chieh Lin, Janaina Pantoja,Michael Lavine, Miguel A. L. Nicolelis

Foerde, K., Knowlton, Barbara J., and Poldrack, Russell A. 2006. Modulation of competingmemory systems by distraction. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 103: 11778-11783.

Dux, P. E., Ivanoff, J., Asplund, C. LO., and Marois, R. 2007. Isolation of a Central Bottleneck ofInformation Processing with Time-Resolved fMRI. Neuron. 52 (6): 1109-1120

Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2nd ed). New York: Cambridge University Press.


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The End


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lilly 2009 presentation-part two

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