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ARMIDALE TREE GROUP NEWSLETTER

Number 113 Winter Edition

July 2018

Let’s Look for Positives During this Drought John Lemon

Editor: Kerry Steller Armidale Tree Group

80 Mann St, Armidale, 2350 Phone 67711620

www.armidaletreegroup.org

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CoverPhoto:CoverPhoto:FieldDayatGunnedahResearchCentre2001Editor’snote:2018WinterEditionThisissuehasadroughtfocus,asitisadesperatetimeforusall.AsIwritethiseditorialitisrainingsteadilyandIhopeitcontinuesforsometime.JohnLemonandPeterMetcalfehaveprovidedinsightfularticleson‘LetsLookforPositivesinthisDrought‘and‘LessonsfromtheDrought’.JohnLemonhasspentmanyyearsworkingattheGunnedahResearchCentreinGunnedah.Hehasundertaken environmental research projects and established habitat sites across the sheep/wheat belt of NSW over the last 25 years. AftermovingtoArmidalein2014hejoinedtheArmidaleTreeGroupCommitteeandhasshowngreatsupportinadaptinghisSlopesandPlainsknowledgetotheNorthernTablelands.PeterMetcalfehasbeenaCommitteeMembersince1996andheisanATGLifeMemberforhiscontributiontotheEnvironmentandEnvironmentalEducation.

JaneenRobbhascontinuedtheworkofCWC(Citizen’sWildlifeCorridors)intakingovertheassessmentsofLandforWildlifeandtellsyouabouthowtobecomeinvolvedinthisvoluntaryscheme.

ItiswithgreatsadnessthatwenotetherecentdeathofourdearfriendHelenSchwarz,anATGLifeMemberandpastATGCommitteeSecretarywhosededicationandenthusiasminthecauseofbiodiversitythroughtherestorationofthePineForesthasbeenlittlemorethanamazing.Wewillmissherinfectiousenthusiasmandloveofnature.WehaveincludedanupdateonEveryTreeCounts.ThankyoutothosewhohavesupportedthisnewprojectoftheArmidaleTreeGroup.MoredetailstocomewithdetailsofourbigcommunityplantingatSaumarezcreekinSpring.ThankstoATGCommitteeMemberKristalYeewhoisdevelopingournewlookATGwebsite“GrowingSustainableLandscapes”.Itisstillaworkinprogress.

Kerry Steller (editor)

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Let’s Look for Positives During this

Drought John Lemon

Doyourememberthatsmellwhenrainfallsonparchedground?Ithasbeenawhile.In the journalNature, publishedonthe 7th of March 1964, two CSIROresearchers,IsabelBearandRichardThomas first described it in theirpaper, “Nature of ArgillaceousOdour”. Petrichor is derived fromthe Greek “petra” (stone) and“ichor”whichinGreekmythologyistheetherealbloodofthegods.It’savery interesting story and let ushopethatweexperiencethatsmellsoon.During droughts, especially on theheavier clay soils but also on othersoil types, cracking and subsequentrecycling of nutrients and topsoiloccursoveralongerperiodoftime.One of the few opportunities thatdrought offers is the abilityundertake preparation for plantingof habitat for native fauna. Suchplantings canbe structured so theyprovide the additional benefits ofshadeandshelterforlivestock.Notonly are there biodiversity benefitsbut also primary production

benefits as well. As we all know,the pressure on landholders duringextended periods of drought isphysically,emotionallyandmentallydraining. It’sdifficulttobepositiveunder these circumstances butplanning and implementing such astrategycanassistinmanyways.Over time, whether due tocompaction by stock or farmingmachinery, what is called acompactionlayercanform.Whenitis as dry as it is now, theopportunity to shatter thatcompaction layer occurs. Iflandholders choose to take thisopportunity to prepare a suitablesite for habitat establishment thenthis isoneof thefewpositivesthatdroughtoffers.On most properties there are sitesthat aren’t as productive as otherparts of the paddocks. Often theseare a sensible selection and if theycan be linked to existing remnantnative vegetation then that is asignificant bonus. It is always bestto view any such plantings in awholeoflandscapeperspective.

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There are numerous governmentagencies that can assist regardingfundingforongroundworkssuchasthe Local Land Services, Landcaregroups and the recently formedBiodiversity Conservation Trust.The potential for commercial andprivate investment for biodiversityoffsets and carbon sequestrationcredits is an avenue also worthinvestigating.So, how to get this underway if itworksforyou?

• Selectthesitethatsuitsfromalandscapeperspectivebutitalsohastofityourfarmplan

• Deep rip toadepthbetween50to70cms

• Fenceoff theareatoexcludestock

• When it rains enough topromote weed germinationsprayoutweedsasrequired

• Harvest rain and buildmoisture reserves so thatthereisafullmoistureprofile

• Depending on your location,the time of planting couldvary–seeklocaladvice

• Moistureretention,weedandanimalcontrolarecrucial

• Tree guards, mulch andsprayingweedsareallpartofthemaintenanceschedule

• Treesandshrubswillneedtobe watered in atestablishment, unless itbucketsdown

• If enough water has beenstored generally a few followup waterings may benecessary – it will obviouslydependontheseason

• All sitesaredifferentandthespecies mixture will dependonlocation

• Amixtureofover-storey,mid-storey and under-storeyplantsaredesirableanduptotwenty different species canbe considered – local speciesandprovenancearepreferred

• If managed properly, nativegrasses and ground coverspecieswillre-establish

One of the most satisfying resultsfrom such plantings is the positivebiodiversityresult.Thecoverphotodepicts a worn out, nutrientdepletedcroppingpaddockthathadbeenfarmedformorethanseventyyears. Crop returnsbarely coveredcosts.

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GunnedahResearchCentrebefore1950

GunnedahResearchCentrehabitatplantings2015(Photo:JohnLemon)

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In 2001 this area was planted to acombination of tube stock anddirectseedednativemid-storeyandunder-storey species. In 2010, aspart of spring and autumn smallmammal trapping, CommonDunnarts, Sminthopsis murina, aswell as other native species werecaught and released. This was theEureka moment since I coined theterm, habitat reconstruction, toexplainwhatIwastryingtoachieve.Koalas and other native mammalsalsousethesites.SomevulnerableandthreatenedbirdspeciessuchasPainted Honeyeaters, SpeckledWarblers, Glossy Black Cockatoos,Little Lorikeets, Turquoise Parrots,Brown Treecreepers and DuskyWood Swallows have beenobserved on this and otheradjoining habitat reconstructionsites. To achieve this within a

decade is quite uplifting but it alsolinks in with a habitatreconstruction project thatcommencedin1991.It's important to note that themajority of this work wasundertaken at the GunnedahResearch Centre on the slopes andplains. Thetemperaturesaremuchhigher as is evapotranspirationwhereas the temperatures on theTablelandsaremuchlowerinwinterso frost damage is a considerationwhen planning for planting.However,theplanningandplantingprinciplesaremuchthesame.So, in conclusion, if you have theopportunity to undertake such aninitiativefeelfreetocontactmyself,the Armidale Tree Group or any oftheagenciesabove.

Common dunnart (Photo:JohnLemon) Glossy Black Cockatoo (Photo:JohnLemon)

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LessonsfromtheDroughtPeterMetcalfe

1. TheBirdBathThehotdryweatherover2014andnow2018madethevalueofabirdbathvery obvious. Species of birds that have not visited before became regularvisitors during the drought. One morning an Olive Oriole and an EasternShriketitjoinedthe15orsoregularspecies.Availabledrinkingwatermustbeoneof the limiting factors in thebushwhen you thinkof how far it canbefromadryridgetoptothenearestavailablewaterdowninthecreek.

2. TreesinthewrongplaceSeveral SnowGums,BlackSallys andPeppermintsdied in2014afterhavingsurvivedonthehillformanyyears.Othershavesurvivedbecausetheywereplanted furtherdown thehill. ThreematureEucmacarthuri –Paddy’sRiverBoxhaddied inpreviousdroughts. Possibly they are adapted to cooler andmoister conditions on the Southern Tablelands. For contrast, back in awetyear someYellowBoxsaplings thathaddevelopedat thebottomof thehilldied from “wet feet”. The extremes of wet and dry are the environmentalfactorsthatdefineareaswhereparticularspeciesgrowinNewEngland.

3. ThevalueofmulchThe garden beds that have been mulched thickly with organic mulch fromArmidale Regional Council retained their moisture for longer but withoutdeeppenetrating rain themulchedbeds eventually dry out too. That is thedownsideofmulch;lightraindoesnotpenetratethemulchandmoistenthesoil beneath. Other Armidale gardeners prefer sand mulch to the organicmulch.

Mother and Joey in River Red Gum (Photo:JohnLemon)

Letushopethatverysoonwewillexperiencethesmellofsteadyrainonourparchedland,whichwillgiveustheopportunitytous,theword,“petrichor.”

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4. Deepwatering

Since light sprinklingofwaterdoesnotpenetrate through themulch to therootzone it is importanttoallowwatertosoak inat thebaseof thenewerplants. The older plants have more expansive root systems, often runningalongatashallowdepthwherethemulchkeepsthesoilcoolerthanexposedsurfaces.

5. IndicatorplantsSome plants such as Prostanthera “lasianthos” are good indicator plantswhose leaves droop when the soil gets too dry for them. When they arewiltingitisasignthatotherspecieslikebottlebrusharesufferingeveniftheyarenotshowingsymptomsbecausetheyhavestiffleaves.

Put your birdbathwhere you can see it easily so you can enjoy the birds as theycomeinforabathoradrink.Theyliketohaveaclearviewincaseofpredatorsbuttheylikenearbyshelterwheretheycandrytheirfeathersandpreen.Birdslikefreshwaterandflockinwhenthedisheshavejustbeentoppedup.InthehotweeksafterChristmaswehaveseenthefollowingbirdsatthebirdbath.

Double-barred and Red-browed Finches, Yellow Robins, White-throatedTreecreeper, Fuscous Honeyeaters, Yellow-faced Honeyeaters, Brown-headedHoneyeaters,White-plumedHoneyeaterEasternSpinebills,StriatedPardalotes,BlueWrens,GreyFantails,GreyShrikeThrushes,Magpies,Red-rumpedParrots,StriatedandBrownThornbills,RufousWhistlerandtheoccasionalDiamondFiretailFinch.ARufousFantailwasanunusualbutveryprettyandgracefulvisitorearlierintheyear.Various commercial birdbaths are available, usuallywith a pedestal and adishontop.Thesearesaferforthebirdsiftherearecatsaround.Ourplasticdishesonthepatiodothejobforabout20ceach.Thebirdsseemtolikeaterracottadish.Perhapsit gives the birds a better grip on thick side and the bottom than do the smoothplastic. Itcouldbethatthewaterintheblackplasticdishheatsupmoreonsunnydays.

Double-barred finch Grey Shrike Thrush

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Land for Wildlife Janeen Robb

ATGisnowtheregionalprovideroftheLandforWildlifescheme.Mostofyouwouldhaveheardof thewonderfulworkdoneby theCitizens’WildlifeCorridors,a localgroupthatevolvedoutofayoungATGover30yearsago.Membersof thisgrouphaveworkedhardtoimprovehabitatforwildlifeinthearea.YoumaynotbeawarethattheCWCwastheregionalproviderfortheLandforWildlifescheme.ATGhasrecentlytakenoverthisrole,astheCWCnolongeroperatesasanorganisation.TheCommunityEnvironmentNetwork,whoarethestateco-ordinatorforthescheme,issupportingusinthis.Land forWildlife is a grassroots scheme that encourages and supports people toincludenatureconservationaspartoftheirlandmanagementstrategy.Anyonewithatleast0.5haofland,thattheywouldliketomanagewithwildlifeinmind,canjointhe scheme for free. It doesn’t have to be pristine habitat. In fact you can beworking towards providing good habitat through planting, or bush regeneration.UnlikeaConservationAgreement,this isahandshakeagreement-the legalstatusofyourproperty isnotaltered inanyway. It isaperfectwaytotest thewaters ifyouhavebeenconsideringamorebindingagreementbutareunsurehowitwouldaffectyourpropertymanagement.EveryonewhojoinsLFWbecomespartofanetworkoflike-mindedpeoplewhoareinterested in providing safe habitat for native plants and animals. You will besupportedthroughaninitialsiteassessment(whereyourexistingplantsandanimalsarerecorded).Youwillhaveaccesstoadvice,educationandtrainingthatwillhelpyoumanageyourlandforthebenefitofwildlife,alongsideyourothermanagementobjectives.

Plantingadenseunderstoryofshrubscanincreasethehabitatpotentialoftreedareas.Thisnotonlyprovidescoverandresourcesformanysmallbirdsbutalsorenderstheareaunviablefornoisyminas,whicharenotoriousfordrivingotherbirdsaway.(Photo:JaneenRobb)

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AsaLFWmemberyouwillalsobepresentedwithasign,toshowpeoplethatyouarecommittedtoconservingwildlifeonyourproperty.Having all kinds of wildlife find homes ontheir land has rewarded people who havebecome involved in the scheme. Peter andSueMetcalfeplantedmanynative treesandshrubs trees, and now get visits fromappreciative koalas. Peter showed me thescratches in the bark, where koalas hadclimbedafoodtree.

Peterspokeabouthowthemorediversityyougetinyourvegetation,themorehabitatsyouprovidefordifferentkindsofanimals.Youmaynotnoticesomeofthese,liketinyinsectsbuttheyareallanimportantpartoftheecosystem.Ultimately,improvingthehealthofecosystemswillincreasetheirproductivity,benefittingyourpropertyasawhole.Peter&Suealsogettoeatbreakfasteachmorningwhilewatchingfinches,robins,scrubwrens,thrushesandothercharminglittlebirds.Petersaidheknowsofseveralmemberswhohave gained an interest in birds in particular, as they’vewitnesseddifferentspeciesfindhabitatontheirpropertiesandreturntotakeupresidence.

Some LFW members are wildlife carers,who spend a lot of time and energylooking after orphaned and injuredwildlife, like this Bearded Dragon caredforbyJuliaRose.

PeterMetcalfeproudlydisplayshissignonthefrontgate,alongsidehisMasterTreegrowerssign.(Photo:JaneenRobb)

PeterMetcalfepointsoutKoalascratchmarks.(Photo:JaneenRobb)

BeardeddragoncaredforbyWildlifeCarerandATGmemberJuliaRose.(Photo:JaneenRobb)

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Findingsuitablereleasesites for theseanimals isvital to theirsuccessful returntothe wild. The LFW network has a great opportunity to work together with thewildlifecarers’network, tohelp findsafehabitat toreleasetheserescuedanimalsinto,whentheirtimecomes.In the near futurewewill host a get-together to allow all themembers tomeet,discussoptionsforfuturetrainingandshareideasaboutsupportingeachother.Wealreadyhavequiteafewmembers(fromtheCWCdays)andarenowinapositiontoinvitemorepeopletojointhescheme.Ifyouhaveapatchofbushthatyouwouldlike tomanage for nature conservation,we encourage you to join. Youwould becontributing to a growing network of privately owned habitat patches that allowwildlifetodisperseacrossthelandscape.Patchessuchasthisarereallyimportanttoconservation,asthestatereservesystemisbasedlargelyonnon-agricultural land,with parks and reserves being separated by large tracts of private land. This issomethingwecandoonourownland,tohelpconservewildlife.TheLFWschemeextendsfromTassietoQueenslandandacrosstotheNT.

Anexpressionofinterestformcanbefoundbelow,andIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Ifyou’reinterestedinfindingoutmoreabouttheLandforWildlifescheme,clickonthelinksbelow.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1sPKm7wdXchttps://www.cen.org.au/projects/land-for-wildlifehttp://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/cpp/LandForWildlife.htm

OryoucancallNeenon0409300459.

AcorridorplantedonPeter&SueMetcalf’spropertyintheearlydaysoftheATGnowlinkstwopatchesofbushland,providingextrahabitatandcoverforanimalstomovesafelyfromonepatchtotheother.(Photo:JaneenRobb)

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LANDHOLDEREXPRESSIONOFINTERESTFORM

A. ESSENTIAL CONTACT DETAILS (pleaseinserttextingreybox&tabtonextone)

OwnersNames

PropertyName&Address

PostalAddress(if different) or extra phone No.s

(H)

FAX

(W)

Telephone

(mob)

E-mail

Sitevisit(pleaseclickwithmouseonrelevantbox/s)

Yes, I am interested in receiving free on site advice on managing part of my land as habitat for native plants and animals.

Maillist

Yes, I would like to be informed of workshops, property open days and other project events, by: post/ emailonly/ either (please circle one)

Yes, I would like to be included on the mail list for CEN newsletters and other information.

B.OTHERPROPERTYDETAILS Not essential - These details help us prepare for your site visit.

LotorPortionNo. D.P.Number ParishandCounty(if known)

LotandDP(If available))

The Lot and DP enable us to prepare a base map and vegetation community map to bring

to the site vis it .

Areaofproperty

ha Areaofpropertywithnativevegetation

(1 acre = 0.405ha, 1ha = 10 000m2 (including areas of trees,

native grassland etc.)

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Localcouncilarea

Subcatchment e.g. Fires Ck, Bunning

Ck

NRMRegion(CMA)

Click here to enter text._________________________________

N.B.InvolvementintheConservationonPrivateLandsProjectdoesnotchangethelegalstatusofyourproperty.The

informationyouprovidewillbeusedinaccordancewiththePrivacy&ProtectionofPersonalInformationAct1998.

Allinformationthatiscollectedcan&willonlybeusedforprojectadministration.Itcannotbegiventoanyotherparty

withoutyourpermission.Ifyouareconcernedabouthowthisinformationmaybeusedwewillbehappytodiscussitwithyou.

PLEASECOMPLETEPAGE2

Please f i l l out form, save, attach and email to lfwnsw@cen.org.au Or print out form and return to: PO Box 149 Ourimbah 2258 Fax: 4349 4755 Ph: 4349 4756

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C.YOURINTERESTS Not essential - These details help us prepare for your site visit.. The Land for Wildlife program aims to help landholders look after natural vegetation on their lands. Participation in this project is entirely voluntary. We can assist you by visiting your property, giving you advice on the natural values of your property and how you can manage the natural areas on your land. We can also provide you with advice on incentive programs designed to help landholders and protect vegetation. Other opportunities include workshops, training, networking with other landholders, help with plants, bush regeneration (depending on availability) and advice / help regarding funding opportunities.

Are you aware of conservation incentive programs for private landholders? YES NOAre you interested in conservation incentive programs? YES NOAre you currently involved in a conservation incentive program? YES NO

1.ConservationIncentives–(pleaseclickwithmouseonrelevantbox)

If yes, which one/s?

Iwouldlikeadviceon:

Weed control / weed management

Weed identification

Native plant identification

Providing habitat for wildlife

Habitat assessment of

my property

Seed collection and

propagation

Supply of locally native

plants

Property management

advice

Other

2.ReasonforInterest:

What are the main values of your land to you?

Why do you think your land is valuable as wildlife habitat?

5.PropertySketchOPTIONAL. If you wish you could print out and draw in this section, scan & attach to email for sending or attach a Google map of your property. Draw/or attach Google map of your property showing: •major roads

N..

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•boundaries /fencing •buildings / house •major landuse (cropping, grazing etc) •areas you to replant/regenerate •corridors / proposed corridor •stock watering points •areas of native vegetation to protect/restore

If there is any additional information you would like to provide on your land or why you are interested in the program you may attach a separate sheet.

STOPPRESSSBiodiversity Conservation Trust small grants for Land For Wildlife Members is currently Open. See link below for details https://www.bct.nsw.gov.au/news-stories/more-ways-benefit-private-land-conservation

Please f i l l out form, save, attach and email to manager@armidaletreegroup.org.au Or print out form and return to: ATG, 80 Mann St, Armidale

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ValeHelenSchwarz(1940-2018)

(PhotocourtesyofRuthRiach)HelenSchwarzhashadalonginvolvementwiththeArmidaleTreeGroupandisoneofourLifeMembers,beingawardedthishonouratATG’s30thBirthdayCelebrationsin2013.Helenhasbeenalong-termmemberoftheGroupandshejoinedtheCommitteeasSecretaryin2006andremainedinthispositionuntil2014.HelenremainedaloyalmemberuntilshelostherfightwithcanceronApril30ththisyear.Helen’sgreatpassionwasinrestoringthePineForestandsheforgedgreatinroadsasthedrivingforcebehinditsrestoration.FromtheHerbertParkAreacommitteetotheHerbertParkLandcaregrouptothePineForestCommittee,Helenwaspassionateabouttheenvironmentandherpositivityandenthusiasmalwaysinspired.others.HelenwasafoundingmemberofthePineForestcommitteein2009,andremainedanactivememberuntil2017.AsSecretaryoftheHerbartParkLandcaregroupatthattimeHelenplayedaveryimportantroleinestablishingsupportfromthisgroupintheinitialestablishmentofthePineForestCommittee.Helenisrememberedforherworkintheearlydevelopmentofthecommitteeandtookupthelong-termroleasthecommunityrepresentativeforBiodiversityandRiparianProjects.OneofhercontributionstotheArmidalePineforestisimmediatelyevidentuponarrivalatthepicnicareaintheforest.AlargesignprovidesanoverviewofthecreeklandBiodiversityProjectthatHelenwasthemastermindforthisproject.Shetookchargeofpreparingthefundingapplicationwithinputfrom

Biodiversityproject2013(Photo:AdeleNye

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anumberofstakeholdersandthencoordinateditsimplementation.Thisinvolvedsouringtheplants,organizingalloftheplantingandsubsequentcareoftheseedlings.Alwayscheeryandenergised,Helenwouldorganiseandencouragecommunityinterestandparticipationintheseplantingdays.Shewouldalso,thentendtotheplantingsonherownorwithafewregularsupporters.HelenwasalsoamajorcontributortothelargeprojectsupportedbyForestCorpNSWtoreplantthewesternportionoftheForestwithnativespecies.Helencontributedveryactivelytoallaspectsofthisproject,fromhelpingtoplantheplanting,coordinatingcommunityinputthroughletterdropsaheadofworkingbeesandorganizingassistancefromtheWaldorfSchool.AspartofaprojectfundedbytheDahleTrustthePineForestCommitteepreparedabookwithinformationaboutthetreesandbirds.RuthTremontwastheleadauthorforthiswonderfullyinformativebook.Asalways,Helenwasagreatcontributortothisinitiativewithinformationandphotographs.HelenwasalwayskeentopromotethePineForestandmakesurethatpeoplewereawardofthisgreatresourcesoclosetotown.In2014HelenorganizedaphotographcompetitionforpicturesofthePineForestandanumberofthesephotoshavebeenusedinbrochuresandnoticespromotingthePineForest.

ThenativeplantingswithaninformationboardtakenfromRuthTremont’sbookandabenchinstalledaspartoftheDahleTrustproject.(Photo:AdeleNye)OurdeepestsympathiesgoouttoHelen’shusband,Werner,andherfourchildren,Norman,Lachlan,IlsaandRuth.

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UpdateonEveryTreeCounts

EveryTreeCountsisalong-term,self-fundedandsponsoredprojectoftheArmidaleTreeGroup.Throughworkingwithlandholders,LocalLandServicesandotherstakeholders,theArmidaleTreeGroupplanstocreateacross-tablelandswildlifecorridorthatwillconnect

thewesternandeasternedgesoftheNorthernTablelands.ThecorridorbeginsatSaumarezPonds,followingSaumarezCreektoSalisburyWatersthenDangarsFalls.Itwillnotbealinearcorridorbutpatchesofvegetationlike‘jewelsonanecklace’wherehabitatislinkedby‘steppingstones’ofpre-existingshelterbeltsorremnantpatchesofvegetation.

• AfterourEveryTreeCountslaunchatDangarsleighHall(seeoutAutumnNewsletterNo112)inFebruarywereceivedsixExpressionsofinterestfromlocallandholdersandarecurrentlyvisitingandassessingthesesites.

• AndrewHuggettrecommended20birdspeciestouseasindicatorsofprojectsuccess.

• TheEnmoreTSRhashadasitevisitwithVerbalpermissionfromNTLLSforplantingandadraftplanbeingdeveloped.

• ATGhasappliedtoAustralianEthicalCommunityGrantsfor$20,000forthisproject

EnmoreTSRSpringplantingforEveryTreeCounts

TheArmidaleTreeGroupisplanningtodoapublicplantingforEveryTreeCountsontheEnmoreTSRinSpringanditwouldbegreattohavelotsofvolunteerscomealongforaplantingday.Moredetailswillbeprovidedonceplanningandpreparationiscomplete.Wehavesomeinterestedcommunitygroupsjoiningusforthisventure.

Enmore TSR on Salisbury Waters at the end of Saumarez Creek. (Photo courtesy of Alicia Cooper).

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Expression of Interest Form for Landholders on Saumarez Creek

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