lesson 2 classification systems
TRANSCRIPT
Which characteristic of living
organisms?
Removing the waste products of
internal metabolism (chemical reactions
in cells), toxic molecules or those taken
in excess.
Excretion
Making more of the same kind (species) of an
organism.
Reproduction
Absorbing (taking in) of nutrients (organic
substances and mineral ions in animals, mineral
ions in plants),
And assimilating (using) these materials for
respiration, growth and tissue repair.
Nutrition
Action of all or part of an organism causing a
change of position or place.
Movement
Permanent increase in the dry mass of
an organism and/or in the number or size
of cells or complexity.
Growth
The ability to detect changes in the
environment (stimulus) and to
respond
Sensitivity
Making chemical (ATP) energy in
living cells from nutrient molecules.
Respiration
Classification
Learning Objectives: • Why it is important to classify organisms. • How to classify organisms using the Binomial System.
What is classification?
●Taxanomic Hierarchy
What is classification?
●putting things into groups
Why classify living organisms?
●Make it easier to study them.
●Identify new species.
How do we classify living things?
There are 3 ways:
●Morphology
–the overall form and shape of their bodies.
–E.g: Do they have legs or wings?
●Anatomy
–the detailed body structure of a living organism.
●DNA
–The genetic material passed on from one generation to another.
Important information!!!
●The sequences of bases in DNA and of amino
acids in proteins are used as a more accurate
means of classification.
Also...
●Organisms which share a more recent ancestor
(are more closely related) have similar DNA
sequences than those that only share a distant
ancestor.
How do we classify living things?
●Classifying living things
Linnaeus – Binomial System ●Linnaeus was a Swedish naturalist who
introduced the Binomial System.
●He divided all the different kinds of living things
into groups called SPECIES.
●Remember a new species has two names written
in Latin:
Genus Species
Homo sapien
How do we classify living things?
KINGDOM – large group of organisms, few characteristics in common
SPECIES – small group of organisms, lots of characteristics in common
Coursebook
●Page 5
●Question 1.1a and 1.1b
Answers
●1.1 a
–They are distantly related, because they belong to the same kingdom but different phyla.
●1.1b
–Manis
1.1 c – how is a human classified? Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
animal
vertebrates (chordata)
mammals
primates
Hominidae
Homo
sapiens