Lesson 16Judy Moody Saves the World

Vocabulary Carton – a paper or cardboard box

Complicated – hard to understand or deal with; difficult

Dripping – coming down in drops

Global – worldwide

Hardly – not very much

Pollution – the state of being dirty or not pure

Project – a special undertaking

Recycle – to treat or process in order to use again

Rubbish – trash

Shade – an area where direct sunlight is blocked

Lesson 16Vocabulary Strategy

Context Clues – The words and sentences around a word that give readers clues to its meaning

Literal Meaning – the exact meaning of a word

Nonliteral Meaning – the symbolic or figurative meaning of a word

When you read a word you don’t know use the context as clues to figure out the word meaning.

Lesson 16Spelling

Vowel + /r/ sounds in air and fear

air care

wear pear

chair pair

stairs share

bare near

bear ear

hair beard

earring compare

Review words buy and year

Lesson 16Grammar

Adjectives & Articles

Adjectives are words that describe nouns.

Some adjectives tell what kind and others can tell how many.

The words a, an , and the are called articles. They tell which noun.

Use a and an with singular nouns

Use an before a noun that starts with a vowel

Use the with both singular and plural nouns.

The is a definite article that tells about a specific, definite thing.

Lesson 16Phonics

Words with air, ear, are

Words with these spellings can stand for the /âr/ sound – fair, bear, share

The letters ear may also stand for the /îr/ sound - hear

Lesson 16Target Skill/Target Strategy

Target Skill – Story Structure

Each main part of a story builds on earlier sections of a story. As you read a story pay attention to the character, setting, and plot events in the first chapter. Then look to see how the second chapter uses those details to continue the story.

Target Strategy – Monitor/Clarify

Stopping periodically to monitor, or make sure you understand what you are reading, is a good strategy to use with humorous fiction.

One way to clarify something, or make it clear, is by rereading the section slowly and thinking about the events it describes.

Lesson 16Writing

Opinion Writing – Persuasive Letter

What makes a great persuasive letter?

1. The letter is written in correct letter form (heading, greeting, body, closing, and signature)

2. It introduces a topic and gives an opinion.

3. Reasons support the opinion

4. A concluding statement makes a final persuasive point

5. The voice is positive and polite

Lesson 17The Albertosaurus Mystery

Vocabulary

Buried – covered up

Location – place where something is

Remains – what is left

Clues – things that help solve a mystery or problem

Skeletons – frameworks of bones inside or outside bodies

Evidence – facts that lead to a conclusion or help people find out what is true

Fossils – very old traces or remains of plants or animals

Prove – to show by using facts

Fierce – very wild and dangerous

Uncovering – opening to view

Lesson 17Vocabulary Strategies

Suffix –ly

A suffix is a word part added to the end of a base word or root word that changes the meaning of the word

The suffix –ly means “in a certain way”

Slowly – in a slow way

Certainly – in a certain way

Lesson 17Spelling

Words with /j/ and /s/

age space

change jawbone

jacket giant

pencil circle

once large

dance jeans

bounce huge

excited gigantic

Review words nice and place

Lesson 17Grammar

Adjectives that compare

Comparative Adjectives compare 2 nouns – add –er to the base word

taller ~ smarter ~ louder

Superlative Adjectives compare more than 2 nouns – add – est to the base word

tallest ~ smartest ~ loudest

If the base word ends in a consonant and a –y change the y to an i before adding er or est

happy ~ happier ~ happiest tiny ~ tinier ~ tiniest

If the base word is one syllable with a short vowel double the final consonant before adding er or est.

red ~ redder ~ reddest sad ~ sadder ~ saddest

Lesson 17Phonics

Words with /j/ and /s/

The letter g often stands for the /j/ sound when it is followed by e, i, or y.

gem edge gymgiant gentle

The letter c often stands for the /s/ sound when it is followed by e, i, or y.

center cycle city cerealpolice

Lesson 17Target Skill/Target Strategy

Target Skill – Drawing Conclusions You can use clues, or text evidence, to understand a selection’s topic.

You can then use the text evidence, along with your prior knowledge, to draw conclusions about a topic.

Target Strategy – Visualize Readers can use text evidence to visualize, or create mental pictures

of, what the author describes.

Lesson 17Writing

Opinion Writing - Opinion Paragraph

What Makes a Great Opinion Paragraph?

1. A clear, interesting topic sentence states an opinion.

2. Strong reasons support the opinion.

3. The reasons are explained with interesting, convincing details.

4. A concluding statement restates the opinion in a new way or makes a final comment.

Lesson 18A Tree is Growing

Vocabulary

Passages – narrow paths or channels

Spines – sharp, pointy growths

Tropical – having to do with the warm areas of the Earth near the equator

Store – to put away for later use

Throughout – all the way through

Absorb – take in or soak up

Dissolve – to seem to disappear when mixed with a liquid

Clumps – groups or bunches of things, especially plants and dirt

Coverings – the outsides of things, usually serving as protection

Pollen – tiny yellow grains made by flowering plants

Lesson 18Vocabulary Strategy

Word Roots – the base , or building block, or a word Knowing the meaning of a word root can help students determine the

meaning of an unknown word.

Two common word roots are auto and tele.

Auto means “self” and tele means “far away”

Some words are made by adding a word root to an existing word

Tele + vision = television – a television brings us things from far away

Tele + phone = telephone – a telephone brings us sounds that are far away

Lesson 18Spelling

Words with the /k/ and /kw/ sounds

shark check

queen circus

flake crack

second squeeze

quart squeak

quick coldest

Africa Mexico

correct question

Review words black and thank

Lesson 18Grammar

Using the verb be and Helping Verbs

The verbs am, is, are, was, and were, are all forms of the verb be.

Am, is, and are show present tense.

Was and were show past tense.

It is important to choose the correct form of helping verbs. Singular and plural nouns take different forms of helping verbs.

Lesson 18Phonics

Words with /k/ and /kw/ sound

The letters c, k and ck often stand for the /k/ sound

The letter c usually sounds for the hard /k/ sound when it comes before the vowels a, o, and u.

The letter pair ck most often comes at the end of a word or syllable.

Lesson 18Target Skill /Target Strategy

Target Skill- Text and Graphic Features Text Features such as labels and captions name or explain something in a

graphic feature.

Sidebars appear on the left or right side of a page and provide additional information about a subject

Graphic Features such as pictures, diagrams and maps show what the text describes, giving the reader a better understanding of the text.

Target Strategy – Question Informational text contains many facts and details. By asking questions as

you read, students can more fully understand the text.

It is important to stress that information isn’t just presented in the text itself. Check sidebars, pictures, labels, and diagrams for information.

Lesson 18Writing

Opinion Writing – Problem-and-Solution Paragraph

What Makes a Great Problem-and-Solution Paragraph?

1. The problem is clearly stated at the beginning.

2. An opinion poses a solution to the problem.

3. Reasons and examples support the solution.

4. A concluding statement makes a final statement about the solution.

Lesson 19Two Bear Cubs

Ignored – refused to pay attention to someone or something

Hesitation – doubt or uncertainty

Greedily – in an excessive manner

Scolding – using harsh language to correct someone

Drowsy – almost asleep

Base – the lowest, bottom, or supporting part of something

Console – to provide comfort to someone in distress

Burden – a load being carried

Heroic – brave

Glancing – looking at something quickly

Lesson 19Vocabulary Strategy

Prefixes pre -, re-, bi-

A prefix is a word part added to the beginning of a base word that changes the meaning of the word

The prefix pre- means before. precook cook before

The prefix re- means again. remake make again

The prefix bi- means two or both. bicycle a cycle with 2 wheels

Lesson 19Spelling

Words with the vowel sounds in spoon and wood

mood wooden

drew smooth

blue balloon

true crooked

chew tooth

hooves cool

food pooch

loose jewel

Review words blew and foot

Lesson 19Grammar

Irregular Verbs ~ come, do, go, run, see

Irregular verbs do not make the past tense like regular verbs. They have special spellings in the past tense. They may also have other spellings when used with has, have, or had.

come came

do did has done

go went has gone

run ran

see saw has seen

Lesson 19Phonics

Vowel sounds in spoon and wood

Cook Moon

oo oo

ou ew

ue

ou

u

u___e

ui

Lesson 19Target Skill/Target Strategy

Target Skill: Story Structure Like stories, plays have a setting, characters, and plot events,

including a problem and its solution. Plays are organized by scenes and each scene builds upon the previous scene to form the play’s plot.

Target Strategy: Summarize You should summarize each scene of a play to help understand and

connect the important ideas in the story.

Summarizing events helps the reader to understand the play’s message

Lesson 19Writing

Opinion Writing ~ Persuasive Writing

What makes a great persuasive essay?

1. The writer states an opinion and provides reasons, details, and examples to support that opinion.

2. The writer persuades the reader to agree with the opinion by answering any arguments the reader might have.

3. The concluding statement makes a final persuasive point or summarizes the writer’s reasons.

Lesson 20Life on the Ice

Vocabulary

Wilderness – a wild, unlived in area of land

Gliding – sliding, moving, or flying along with ease

Region – a certain area of space

Colony – a group of people or animals that live together

Shelter – a place that covers or protects

Unexpected – without warning

Overheated – heated beyond the safe

Constant – always the same

Climate – usual weather conditions in an area over many years

Layer – one thickness

Lesson 20Vocabulary Strategy

Dictionary/Glossary

Dictionary entry – a word and its definition listed in a dictionary or glossary

Part of speech – the way a word is used in a sentence – for example noun, verb, or adjective

Word ending – a word part, such as –s, -ed, - or –er, added to the end of a bse word

The dictionary is a reference source that gives words and their meanings.

Lesson 20Spelling

Compound Words

birthday anyone

sometimes everything

homework afternoon

airplane grandmother

something without

himself sunburned

faraway daylight

scorekeeper everybody

Review words someone and cannot

Lesson 20Grammar

Adverbs – words that can tell how, where, and when

Adverbs come before or after the verbs they describe

Lesson 20Phonics

Compound words – a word formed from two smaller words

popcorn sunrise

underground cupcake

bluebird tugboat

Lesson 20Target Skill/Target Strategy

Target Skill: Main Idea and Details Authors of informational texts have an important point or several

important points they want readers to understand. These points are called main ideas.

Supporting details are facts or examples that give more information. They help show why the main ideas are important.

Target Strategy: Make Inferences or Predictions An author may not always include all of the ideas and details about a

topic, so readers may have to use what the author does include to infer, or figure things out.

One way to predict is to preview the title, photos, and captions before you read.

Lesson 20 Writing

Opinion Writing ~ Persuasive Writing

What makes a great persuasive essay?

1. The writer states an opinion and provides reasons, details, and examples to support that opinion.

2. The writer persuades the reader to agree with the opinion by answering any arguments the reader might have.

3. The concluding statement makes a final persuasive point or summarizes the writer’s reasons.