Lesson 1 – Intro – Structure and Function of Cell

Components

Molecular Cell Biology

Molecular Cell Biology is the study of the chemical reactions that occur within biological systems or…..

Biochemistry

The Main Groups of MoleculesThe main groups of molecules found in cells are:

CarbohydratesLipidsProteins

Nucleic Acids

Cellular Systems

The 2 important cellular systems we will study are:

Cell MembranesCytoskeleton

Chemical CompositionLiving things are mostly made up of oxygen and beyond that there are actually very few different elements involved on a large scale.

OxygenCarbonHydrogenNitrogenPhosphorusSulphur

CHNOPS

Carbon-based Life

Carbon is the basis for life on earth. It has the ability to make 4 covalent bonds with other atoms.

Functional Groups

Carbon based molecules (organic molecules) often have active functional groups that help them to perform a specific chemical role.

How many do you know?On your desk draw out the following groups:Methyl, Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Sulphydryl (thiol), carboxyl, Amino, Phosphate

Methyl

Hydroxyl

Carbonyl

Sulphyldryl

Carboxyl

Carboxyl - ionised

--

Amino

Amino - Ionised

Phosphate

Phosphate - Ionised

Polymers

Polymers are macromolecules made up of smaller repeating subunits called monomers.

Dehydration SynthesisPolymers are produced through a type of condensation reaction called dehydration synthesis.

HydrolysisHydrolysis is the opposite of a condensation reaction. The large polymer gets broken up into monomers releasing water.

Making and Breaking Bonds

Making bonds requires energy.

Breaking bonds releases energy.

Your Task1. Refresh your chemistry – make

notes on and complete all activities in the Scholar 4.1 section. There will be a short quiz next week.

2. Learn the different functional groups.

3. Make notes on 2.1 Carbohydrates.