l'energia nei paesi in via di sviluppo ralph gebauer monday, may 31 st, 2010 le filiere...
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L'energia nei paesi in via di sviluppo
Ralph Gebauer
Monday, May 31st, 2010
Le filiere dell'energiaFondazione Internazionale Trieste
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ICTP’s mission
• Foster the growth of advanced studies and research in physics and mathematics, especially among researchers from developing countries;
• Provide an international forum for the exchange of information and ideas among scientists from the North and South;
• Maintain excellent research facilities for visitors, associates and fellows, principally from developing countries, who participate in the Centre's research and training activities.
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Example: Ethiopia
Population (2005): 73 millionTPES (2003): 238.4 109 kWhShare of renewables: > 92%
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Example: Ethiopia
Population (2005): 73 millionTPES (2003): 238.4 109 kWhShare of renewables: > 92%
Share of renewables, excluding combustible renewables: < 1%
This portion is mainly hydro-electricity from large installations(mainly unreliable)
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Solar energy distribution in Europe
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Solar energy distribution worldwide
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Photovoltaics
1 40 % of present annual end energy consumption of FRG (3*1018 J)2 50% of present end energy use of Western Europe (1.8 * 1019 J)3 50 % of present annual world energy consumption (1020 J)4 50 % of extrapolated annual world energy consumption in 2030 (2* 1019 J)
Percentage of total Sahara area:
7.6 %4
5.4 %3
0.7 %2
0.12 %1
Required Land Areasusing 10 % efficient photovoltaic modules
Arbeitskreis Alternativenergie Tübingen (Herausg.): "Energiepolitik vonunten", Fischer, Frankfurt/Main, 1982
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Hanoi, Dec 2009 Addis Ababa, Maggio 2010
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Key challenges for research in new materials:
Energy conversion which is:• Scalable (10 – 30 TW, in 2050)• CO2 free• Affordable
Energy storage which is:• Scalable • Affordable
"Energy engineering" knowledge:• For all