Lecture Notes in Computer Science Edited by G. Goos, J. Hartmanis and J. van Leeuwen

1164

Advisory Board: W. Brauer D. Gries J. Stoer

Kim Berquist Andrew Berquist (Eds.)

Managing Information Highways The PRISM Book: Principles, Methods, and Case Studies for Designing Telecommunications Management Systems

@ Springer

Series Editors

Gerhard Goos, Karlsruhe University, Germany

Juris Hartmanis, Cornell University, NY, USA

Jan van Leeuwen, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Volume Editors

Kim Berquist Andrew Berquist Salford Networking International 16 The Office Village, Exchange Quay, Salford M5 3EQ, UK E-mail: aberquis @ sni.u-net.com

Patrick McLaughlin PRISM Project Manager Broadcom l~ireann Research Limited Kestrel House, Clanwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Ireland E-mail: enquiries @broadcom.ie

Illustrations by Emma Coulson

Cataloging-in-Publication data applied for

Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme

Managing information highways : the PRISM book :principles, methods and case studies for designing telecommunications management systems / Kim Berquist ; Andrew Berquist (ed.). [Ill. by Emma Coulsen]. - Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Barcelona ; Budapest ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Paris ; Santa Clara ; Singapore ; Tokyo : Springer, 1996

(Lecture notes in computer science ; Vol. 1164) ISBN 3-540-62008-7

N E : B e r q u i s t , K i m [ H r s g . ] ; G T

CR Subject Classification (1991): C.2, K.6, D.2.1, H.4.3, J.1, K.4.1, K.5

ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-62008-7 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks, Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer -Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

�9 The PRISM Consortium jointly with Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996 Printed in Germany

Typesetting: Camera-ready by author SPIN 10549721 06/3142 - 5 4 3 2 1 0 Printed on acid-free paper

Preface

There is a universal appeal of the vision of the Information Society where computers and high speed communications networks are combined to create a key infrastructure for conducting business, engaging in interactive learning and on-line entertainment. The infrastructure is known as information super-highways and they will ideally provide global access to all kinds of applications such as multimedia, high-speed data communications and messaging. Many small scale technology and usability of services trials are being conducted in the countries of the developed world.

In Europe, the European Commission has the RACE program, executed in two phases, 1988-1992 and 1992-1995, which aimed to carry out research and development into technology development necessary for realising Integrated Broadband Commun- ications - IBC (synonymous with the popular term information highways). A typical project in the program contains the key telecommunications industry players - the operators, equipment manufacturers, computer manufacturers, software development companies and universities and in some cases end-users to evaluate the project results.

One important area addressed by several projects in RACE is Communications Management for IBC. The PRISM project, which authored this book, has dealt with the subject extensively. A methodology which enables the specification and design of multi-domain management systems for controlling, monitoring and administering users of the IBC networks has been developed and is presented in this book. The methodo- logical framework is called the Distributed Management Framework (DMF). The DMF has its roots in object oriented analysis and design, open distributed systems concepts and principles from telecommunications management. The DMF has been used in the project to produce specifications for the management of two crucial components for realising IBC or the information highway, across multiple domains - hence the title of the book.

These two services are Virtual Private Networks and Universal Personal Telecom- munications. VPN allows on-demand creation of secure communications between corporate users for interpersonal, inter-machine and person-machine communications. UPT provides personal mobility by allowing users access to their services irrespective of their location. Important aspects of the management of VPN and UPT using the DMF are documented in Chapters 5 and 6 of this book. The final chapter relates the work of PRISM to other international architectural and specification work aimed at creating advanced communications management systems. It also contains a summary of management platforms that exist today and comments on their current coverage of supporting the distributed management systems produced by PRISM's DMF. Security

VI Preface

also plays a major part - Chapter 4 is devoted to unravelling the complexities of truly securing management services across the global information highways.

The aim of this book is to enable organisations to design distributed telecommuni- cations management systems for the rapidly developing information highways from the business level to top-level design, Enabling organisations to design such complex systems in a (relatively) uniform manner involves a number of sub-objectives for this book:

�9 To bridge and enhance existing telecommunications management platforms and methods through harmonising modelling methods.

�9 To promote a baseline for the design of distributed management systems through application/refinement of standards in order to:

�9 Show that standards-based systems can be developed that reduce risk to suppliers and consumers.

�9 Show how to model extensions/enhancements to existing management systems.

�9 To be applicable within competing and co-operative organisations world-wide.

This book is targeted at a wide audience:

�9 University students and professors/academics looking at learning telecommuni- cations management principles and at pushing the vast theoretical basis behind designing and realising management systems for the telecommunications revolution.

�9 The telecommunications industry, particularly the designers, engineers, and technically-oriented marketing staff that are putting the principles into practical management systems, from standards to designers to implementers.

�9 End users of telecommunications networks will also benefit from the DMF's approach to structuring business requirements in a manner that can take best advantage of the revolution in telecommunications services produced by information highways.

This wide audience is supported by Chapter 1 's introduction to the telecommunications revolution, the need for management and the "chaos" of key industry organisations. Before setting out the details of the distributed management design methods, Chapter 2 introduces the key elements to approaching the problem by scoping the business processes behind telecommunications management systems, introducing key principles of the DMF, and describing the main issues facing the designers of telecommunications management systems. The following chapters provide the technical meat - the DMF methods itself in Chapter 3, an entire chapter on understanding and designing security into management systems in Chapter 4, followed by the case studies and relationship to external work. For reference purposes, the key graphical notation used through the DMF is provided in an appendix, followed by a glossary of the key DMF terms, a list of all the acronyms and abbreviations (an inevitable overhead in this industry), references to the myriad standards, books, papers, and documents used to harmonise methods in the DMF, and an index.

The book has been packaged and revised from the technical results of the four-year PRISM project for this wider audience - essentially taking the wealth of expertise from over 50 industry experts that are involved not just in the project but also with nearly all

Preface VII

related industry organisations. During the course of the project's final six months, the deliverables were extensively reviewed and edited to reduce the jargon for the uninitiated, but also to ensure that the technically minded have a clear presentation of the matured DMF concepts. Add the influence of an external technical author for editing and packaging the book, and the application to a broad audience is extended.

Acknowledgements The PRISM Consortium, project R-2041 of the European Commission's RACE Program, includes the following contractors:

Broadcom Eireann Research Limited, Alcatel ISR SA, Ascom Holdings AG, CET - Centro de Estudos de Telecomunicacoes, Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.P.A., Compagnie IBM France, CPRM Marconi, Cray Communications Limited, ESG Elektronik - System und Logistik GMBH, GMD-Fokus, Intracom SA, K T A S -

Copenhagen Telephone Company, Refer NV, Salford Networking International Limited, Siemens Aktien Gesellschaft Berlin und Mttnchen, SIRTI, Telef6nica de Espafia, Telefones de Lisboa e Porto SA, Telenor, T61is, Telia

Prime Contractor Project Manager: Patrick McLaughlin, Broadcom l~ireann Research Limited, Kestrel House, Clanwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Ireland email: enquiries@broadcom.ie

Editors: Kim L. Berquist and Andrew Berquist, Salford Networking International, 16, The Office Village, Exchange Quay, Salford M5 3EQ, UK email: aberquis@sni.u-net.com

Thanks to all contributors from the PRISM project without whom this book could never have been produced to such a high level. Contributors include:

Patrick Legand Alcatel ISR Thiery Pecquet Alcatel ISR Michel Besson ASCOM Patrick McLaughlin Broadcom Keith Start Broadcom Brian Kinane Broadcom Jaime Ferreira CET Aur61io Maia CPRM Pedro Sant'Ana CPRM Pier Luigi Giganti CSELT Don Cochrane Cray Communications Joan May Cray Communications Dr. Jean-Paul Gaspoz EPFL Dr. Christine Schandera ESG Linda Strick GMD-FOKUS Jens MeinkOhn GMD-FOKUS Marcus Wittig GMD-FOKUS Evi Papachristou INTRACOM Jens Mouritszen KTAS

VIII Preface

Dr. Jon Olnes David Fisher Andrew Berquist Dr. Dennis Doyle Dr. David Morgan Gerhard Maegerl Mauro Piergigli Amador Martin Antonio Fern~lndez Eirik Dahle Prof. Pftl Spilling Dr. Sffde Wolland Dominique Maillot Dr. Munir Tag Oscar Bravo Peter French Raymond Larsson

Norwegian Computing Centre Refer Salford Networking International Salford Software Services Salford Software Services Siemens SIRTI Telef6nica/TID Telef6nica/TID Telenor Telenor Telenor T61is T61is Telia Research Telia Research Telia Research

A special thanks goes to Mario Campolargo of the CEC's RACE Central Office for pushing the concepts of this book and assisting with establishing the book's credentials.

September 1996 Kim L. Berquist

Andrew Berquist

About RACE

RACE - Research and Development in Advanced Communications Technologies in Europe - is a Research and Development initiative of the Commission of the European Communities (CEC). It was prepared and planned in 1986-1987 and the first phase of the projects started in 1988. A second phase, of which PRISM is part, started work in 1992.

At the beginning of the first phase, Mr. M. Carpentier, Director General of DG XIII stated:

"The RACE programme is focused in Integrated Broadband Communications (IBC) and the development of technology for the introduction of commercial IBC services in 1995."

RACE's general statement of objective is:

To prepare for the introduction of Integrated Broadband Communications (IBC), taking into account the evolving 1SDN and national introduction strategies, processing to Community-wide services by 1995.

These goals did not changed during the seven-year RACE program, and has been extended to the ACTS program - Advanced Communication Technologies and Services - in 1995 to 1998. This third phase is still pre-competitive, pre-normative and pre- regulatory and aims to set up demand-driven trials that will lead to the establishment of a European-wide information infrastructure. It focuses on reusing previous/parallel results and assets and to establish participant commitment to technological solutions.

More information on RACE generally can be found in RACE (1994).

About IBC

This acronym stands for Integrated Broadband Communications, which is summarised in RACE 1994 as:

�9 Integrated points to the integrity of the whole network and to the full and correct interworking of all its parts. Technologies include both existing and emerging ones such as: telephony, packet data, narrowband ISDN, broadband, satellites and mobile. It also implies the integration of services at the user and network levels, i.e. many services available from one physical connection.

�9 Broadband indicates the mix of service rates to be considered, starting from 2 Mbps and up to the level required for realistic introduction of interactive and distributive video services at 155Mbps or more at the user interface.

X About RACE

Communicat ions includes the conventional switching, transmission and CPN functions but also advanced features to make service provision user-friendly, with adequate performance at economically acceptable levels.

About PRISM

8ERVIOES ~ C;'NFI;URATION8 FOR

"Service Management and user control thereof are becoming increasingly important, requiring a wider scope of TMN systems. PRISM addresses the investigation of TMN reference configurations (RCs) for the management of lBC services, the associated resources and the user control of those management services. "RA CE 1994

PRISM in RACE The PRISM project was proposed in response to two tasks in the RACE II Call for Proposal RACE 11 Workplan (1991) Task T 738 User Control of Communications Management Task T 740 Service Management

The PRISM consortium is large and consists of partners from all relevant sectors: PTTs, IT manufacturers, communications equipment manufacturers, software houses and research institutes are all represented.

Many of the Prism partners are also partners in other RACE II projects and other collaborative programmes, thus increasing the scope for consensus.

Project Objectives and Technical Approach The overall PRISM project objectives can be briefly stated as :

�9 To identify a set of requirements for Service Management.

�9 To produce a Service Management Reference Configuration - the Distributed Management Framework in terms of this book.

�9 To specify the External Access (including User) control aspects communications Management.

XII About PRISM

�9 To define a component model for the construction of Service Management Services from reusable components.

�9 To identify the security requirements for the security of Service Management.

�9 To describe the interactions between the Service and Network layers of manage- ment.

�9 To validate the above by using the concepts and ideas on a set of case studies.

�9 To participate in the consensus forming process both inside and outside RACE.

To achieve the above objectives, a number of steps have been taken during the four year PRISM project, including:

�9 A structure for organising requirements has been created and used to hold the requirements for different actors.

�9 The ODP reference model, ODP-1 (1995), is used to help structure the Reference Configuration. Within this framework of ODP are results on the following topics:

�9 External Access to Management Services

�9 Management Services Definition

�9 Service Management Security

�9 Service/Network Layer Interactions Characterisation

�9 Service Management Component interaction detection.

�9 Application of the theoretical work is made to the case studies of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) and Universal Personal Telecommunications (UPT). These two services together form the necessary basis for advanced communications.

�9 To help the verification and dissemination of the work of PRISM, as well as conference presentations and papers, etc. an animation of some of our results has been produced to bring the results in an easily understood form to a wide audience.

Contents

Preface

About RACE

About PRISM

V

IX

XI

1. Introduction and Background

Telecommunications Evolution - An Overview The Need for Telecommunications Management Telecommunications Management Chaos

3 16 19

2. The PRISM Approach to Modelling Telecommunications Management

How Far Can We Go? Getting Started with the Distributed Management Framework Key Distributed Management Design Issues

23

25 27 33

3. Designing the System - The Distributed Management Framework

The Distributed Management Framework - An Introduction Structuring the Business - Enterprise Viewpoint Modelling the Data - Information Viewpoint Designing Applications - Computational Viewpoint Distributing the System - Engineering Viewpoint Bridging Technologies - Technology Viewpoint Linking the Viewpoints Enhancing the DMF with Quality of Service

49

51 53 70 77 88

103 105 113

4. Securing Management Systems in the DMF

The Need for Securing Telecommunications Management Designing Security - Introduction Designing Security in the Enterprise Viewpoint Security in the Information Viewpoint Security in the Computational Viewpoint Distributing the System - Engineering Viewpoint Bridging to Technologies - Technology Viewpoint

127

129 132 140 179 183 189 195

XIV Contents

5. Applying the DMF: VPN Management

Getting Started with Applying VPN to the DMF Advancing "PanEuro" Bank Using VPN PanEuro Bank VPN Service - "VPN Serve" VPN, ATM and Dynamic Bandwidth Management Cost and Charging Management Service

203

205 206 208 210 222

6. Applying the DMF: Personal Mobility - Service Profile Management

Enterprise Viewpoint Information Viewpoint Computational Viewpoint Engineering Viewpoint Conclusions

291

293 322 333 344 349

7. Relating the DMF to Major Architectures

TINA-C ODMA Cassiopeia OMA Platform Support for the DMF

355

357 363 367 370 373

Glossary

Rumbaugh's Object Model Notation

Acronyms and Abbreviations

References

Index

383

389

391

395

405