Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 8154

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

LNAI Series Editors

Randy GoebelUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Yuzuru TanakaHokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Wolfgang WahlsterDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

LNAI Founding Series Editor

Joerg SiekmannDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

Luís Correia Luís Paulo ReisJosé Cascalho (Eds.)

Progress inArtificial Intelligence16th Portuguese Conferenceon Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2013Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal, September 9-12, 2013Proceedings

13

Volume Editors

Luís CorreiaUniversity of LisbonLaboratory of Agent Modelling (LabMAg)Campo Grande, 174-016 Lisbon, PortugalE-mail: luis.correia@di.fc.ul.pt

Luís Paulo ReisUniversity of MinhoArtificial Intelligence and Computer Science Lab. (LIACC)Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalE-mail: lpreis@dsi.uminho.pt

José CascalhoUniversity of the AzoresInformation Technology andApplied Mathematics Center (CMATI) and LabMAgCampus de Angra do Heroísmo9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalE-mail: jmc@uac.pt

ISSN 0302-9743 e-ISSN 1611-3349ISBN 978-3-642-40668-3 e-ISBN 978-3-642-40669-0DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-40669-0Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

Library of Congress Control Number: 2013946556

CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2, J.4, H.3, H.5.2, I.5, I.4, F.4.1, K.4

LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence

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Preface

The Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence is a long standing interna-tional forum organized to present and discuss research in Artificial Intelligence(AI) in a broad scope. It covers themes strongly rooted in AI while simultane-ously keeping an eye on newly-developed fringes, with the program organized asa set of thematic tracks. By maintaining a clear international character it is awell-known and attractive event, for the most recent research in the area, withover one hundred participants. The 2013 edition was no exception.

The conference was organized under the auspices of the Portuguese Asso-ciation for Artificial Intelligence (APPIA – http://www.appia.pt) and, as inprevious editions, the program was organized as a set of thematic tracks dedi-cated to specific themes of AI. A total of 12 main tracks were initially selectedfollowing the guidelines of the Organizing and Advisory Committees and 10tracks were selected to take place at EPIA 2013, as the result of the submissionand review processes. Each track was coordinated by an Organizing Committeecomposed of, at least, two researchers in the specific field coming from distinctinstitutions. An international Program Committee (PC) was created for each ofthe tracks, composed by experts in the corresponding research areas.

This volume gathers a selection of the best papers submitted to the 16thPortuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2013, held in Angra doHeróısmo, Azores, Portugal. In this edition, total of 157 contributions were re-ceived coming from 31 Countries (Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China,Colombia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Ireland,Italy, Japan, Mexico, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan,Poland, Portugal, Romania, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia,United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, and United States). Each submissionwas reviewed by at least 3, and on average 4, international (PC) members. Forthese proceedings 45 papers were accepted resulting in an acceptance rate under30%.

Forming the volume we adopted an organization in sections correspond-ing to the thematic tracks of the conference. The General AI (GAI) sectiongroups papers stemming from symbolic oriented AI areas, where a theoreti-cal stance is prevalent. Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems (AITS)is a section dedicated to the application of AI to transportation and mobilitysystems. Its contents are oriented towards a rather practical perspective. Arti-ficial Life and Evolutionary Algorithms (ALEA) section includes papers in thewide area of Artificial Life (ALife) while particularly emphasizing EvolutionaryAlgorithms (EA). Therefore, optimization, evolutionary models, and artificialecologies are the core of this section. Ambient Intelligence and Affective Envi-ronments (AmIA) presents research work in intelligent proactive tools to assist

VI Preface

people with their day-to-day activities, especially indoors. Affect and socialbehavior are common research subjects in this domain. The track of Compu-tational Methods in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (CMBSB) is also anapplication oriented area, where AI techniques are used in Systems Biology prob-lems. Intelligent Robotics (IROBOT) is one of the most long standing areas ofapplication of AI. It has also had an important return to the field on account ofbeing a privileged interface of intelligent systems with the physical world. Knowl-edge Discovery and Business Intelligence (KDBI) has become a significant areaof AI, dedicated to the extraction of knowledge from large amounts of data en-visaging decision support for management in industry and services. Multi-AgentSystems: Theory and Applications (MASTA) covers one of the most representa-tive AI themes, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), with all the involved aspects suchas theories, architectures, coordination, negotiation, organization, and applica-tions. Social Simulation and Modelling (SSM) may be considered as a spin-off ofMAS with a special focus on simulation and synthesis of social behaviors in orderto understand real social systems. Text Mining and Applications (TEMA) com-prehends another key area of AI consisting on approaches to deal with humanlanguage gathering both symbolic and statistic approaches.

The conference program included 4 invited talks. As a discipline AI has alwaysbeen supported by new findings both in the core areas as well as extending,theory and application, to new areas, deepening its developments into scenariosof increasing complexity. The four invited speakers, Maria Fasli, Carla Gomes,Ana Paiva, and Kenneth Stanley, provided the participants an updated imagein a variety of current research areas of AI.

Two special tracks completed EPIA 2013 program, the well established Doc-toral Symposium on AI and the Challenges initiative, whose contributions in-tegrate another book. The Challenges special track had the main objective ofempowering possible research opportunities and new research projects in whichproblems related to islands and archipelagos were the target of potential AIapplications. This special track has been dubbed “Azores Scientific WorkspaceMeets Artificial Intelligence” and had the contribution of António Menezes, JoãoLuis Gaspar, Gui M. Menezes and Paulo Borges as Challenges invited speakers.

The idea of organizing this conference came initially from a challenge madeby Helder Coelho pointing out that Azores was one of the regions in Portugalthat had never welcomed EPIA. We accepted the challenge and went on withthe proposal of organizing the 16th EPIA in Azores as conference and programchairs. This endeavor would not have happened without the contribution of thelocal organizers Lúıs Gomes and Hélia Guerra who accepted the idea with thecondition of having the venue in Angra do Heróısmo. The local organizing teamwas completed with Pedro Cardoso.

We must express our appreciation for the work of the track organizing chairsthat sustained an important part of the scientific arrangements, and for themission of the advisory committee, program committees and all the reviewers,without whose work the conference would not have been possible. An acknowl-edgment is due to Governo Regional dos Açores (Azores Local Government)

Preface VII

and Fundação Luso Americana (FLAD) for their financial support. We thankOrlando Guerreiro, Filomena Ferreira and Rui Carvalho for their organizationsupport in situ, and the team of Centro para a Ciência de Angra do Heróısmo(CCAh).

This conference was only possible with the joint effort of people from differentinstitutions. The main contribution came from University of Azores, CMATI andBiodiversity Group/CITA-A. Other partners were University of Lisbon, Univer-sity of Minho, LabMAg and LIACC. We acknowledge the contribution of Centropara a Ciência de Angra do Heróısmo, Câmara Municipal de Angra do Heróısmo,Museu de Angra do Heróısmo and Banco Esṕırito Santo dos Açores. A final wordgoes to Springer for their assistance in producing this volume.

July 2013 Lúıs CorreiaLúıs Paulo ReisJosé Cascalho

Organization

16th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2013,Angra do Heróısmo, Azores, Portugal, September 2013

Conference and Program Co-chairs

Lúıs Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLúıs Paulo Reis University of Minho, PortugalJosé Cascalho University of the Azores, Portugal

Advisory Committee

Aĺıpio Jorge University of Porto, PortugalAmı́lcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalArlindo Oliveira Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalCarlos Ramos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalErnesto Costa University of Coimbra, PortugalEugénio Oliveira University of Porto, PortugalGaël Dias University of Caen Basse-Normandie, FranceHelder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Carlos Maia Neves University of Minho, PortugalJosé Gabriel Pereira Lopes New University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Júlio Alferes New University of Lisbon, PortugalLuis M. Rocha University of Indiana, USALuis Seabra Lopes University of Aveiro, PortugalManuela Veloso Carnegie Mellon University, USAMiguel Calejo APPIA, PortugalPavel Brazdil University of Porto, PortugalPedro Barahona New University of Lisbon, PortugalPedro Rangel Henriques University of Minho, Portugal

Salvador Abreu University of Évora, Portugal

AmIA Track Chairs

Paulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalAna Almeida ISEP - Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalSara Rodŕıguez González University of Salamanca, SpainGoreti Marreiros ISEP - Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal

X Organization

AmIA Program Committee

Pedro Alves Nogueira LIACC - University of Porto, PortugalCésar Analide University of Minho, PortugalJavier Bajo Pontifical University of Salamanca, SpainCarlos Bento University of Coimbra, PortugalLourdes Borrajo University of Vigo, SpainJuan Botia University of Murcia, SpainAntonio Fernández Caballero University of Castilla-La Mancha, SpainAntonio Camurri University of Genova, ItalyAmı́lcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalDavide Carneiro University of Minho, PortugalJuan Corchado University of Salamanca, Spain

Ângelo Costa University of Minho, PortugalRicardo Costa Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalLaurence Devillers LIMS-CNRS, FranceEduardo Dias New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalJoão Dias INESC-ID Lisbon, PortugalAnna Esposito Second University of Naples, ItalyFlorentino Fdez-Riverola University of Vigo, SpainLino Figueiredo Polytechnic University of Porto, PortugalDiego Gachet European University of Madrid, SpainHatice Gunes Imperial College London, UKEva Hudlicka Psychometrix Associates Blacksburg, USAJavier Jaen Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainRui José University of Minho, PortugalVicente Julián Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainKostas Karpouzis ICCS, GreeceBoon Kiat Quek National University of SingaporeJosé M. Molina University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainLuis Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalStacy Marsella University of Southern California, USAJosé Neves University of Minho, PortugalAndrew Ortony NorthWestern University, USAAna Paiva INESC-ID, PortugalFrank Pollick University of Glasgow, UKCarlos Ramos Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalEmilio S. Corchado University of Salamanca, SpainRicardo Santos ISEP - Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalIchiro Satoh National Institute of Informatics, JapanDante Tapia University of Salamanca, SpainArlette van Wissen VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Organization XI

AITS Track Chairs

Rosaldo Rossetti University of Porto, Portugal

Matteo Vasirani École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,Switzerland

Cristina Olaverri Technische Universität München - TUM,Germany

AITS Program Committee

Ana Almeida ISEP - Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalConstantinos Antoniou National Technical University of Athens,

GreeceElisabete Arsénio LNEC, PortugalFederico Barber Universitat Politècnica de Valencia (UPV),

SpainAna Bazzan Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilCarlos Bento University of Coimbra, PortugalEduardo Camponogara Federal University of Santa Catarina, BrazilAntónio Castro TAP Air Portugal and LIACC, PortugalHilmi Berk Celikoglu Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyHussein Dia AECOM, AustraliaAlberto Fernández University Rey Juan Carlos, SpainAdriana Giret Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, SpainMaite López Sánchez University of Barcelona, SpainPaulo Leitão Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalRonghui Liu University of Leeds, UKJorge Lopes Brisa, PortugalJosé Manuel Menendez Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, SpainJeffrey Miller University of Alaska Anchorage, USALúıs Nunes ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalSascha Ossowski Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, SpainLúıs Paulo Reis University of Minho, PortugalFrancisco Pereira University of Coimbra, PortugalMichael Rovatsos University of Edinburgh, UKMiguel A. Salido Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, SpainJavier Sanchez Medina University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,

Spain

J́’urgen Sauer University of Oldenburg, GermanyThomas Strang German Aerospace Center, GermanyAgachai Sumalee Hong Kong Polytechnic University, ChinaShuming Tang Inst. of Autom., Shandong Acad. of Sci., ChinaJosé Telhada University of Minho, Portugal

XII Organization

Harry Timmermans Eindhoven University of Technology,The Netherlands

Fausto Vieira IT/FCUP, PortugalGiuseppe Vizzari University of Milano-Bicocca, ItalyFei-Yue Wang Chinese Academy of Sciences, ChinaGeert Wets Hasselt University, BelgiumDanny Weyns Linnaeus University, Sweden

ALEA Track Chairs

Leonardo Vanneschi ISEGI - New University of Lisbon, PortugalSara Silva INESC-ID Lisbon, PortugalFrancisco Baptista Pereira Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Portugal

ALEA Program Committee

Stefania Bandini University of Milano-Bicocca, ItalyHelio J.C. Barbosa Lab. Nacional de Computação Cient́ıfica, BrazilDaniela Besozzi University of Milan, ItalyChristian Blum University of the Basque Country, SpainStefano Cagnoni University of Parma, ItalyPhilippe Caillou INRIA, FranceMauro Castelli ISEGI - New University of Lisbon - UNL,

PortugalLúıs Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalErnesto Costa CISUC - University of Coimbra, PortugalCarlos Cotta University of Málaga, SpainIvanoe De Falco ICAR - CNR, FranceAntonio Della Cioppa University of Salerno, ItalyAnikó Ekárt Aston University, UKCarlos M. Fernandes University of Granada, SpainJames A. Foster University of Idaho, USAAntónio Gaspar-Cunha University of Minho, PortugalCarlos Gershenson Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico,

MexicoMario Giacobini University of Torino, ItalyJin-Kao Hao University of Angers, FranceArnaud Liefooghe Université Lille 1, FranceFernando Lobo University of Algarve, PortugalPenousal Machado CISUC - University of Coimbra, PortugalAna Madureira ISEP - Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalLuca Manzoni University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy

Organization XIII

Pedro Mariano University of Lisbon, PortugalRui Mendes University of Minho, PortugalTelmo Menezes CAMS - CNRS, FranceAlberto Moraglio University of Birmingham, UKShin Morishita Yokohama National University, JapanLúıs Paquete CISUC - University of Coimbra, PortugalMarc Schoenauer INRIA, FranceRoberto Serra University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAnabela Simões Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, PortugalRicardo H.C. Takahashi Federal University of Minas Gerais, BrazilLeonardo Trujillo Reyes Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Mexico

CMBS Track Chairs

José Luis Oliveira University of Aveiro, PortugalMiguel Rocha University of Minho, PortugalRui Camacho FEUP - University of Porto, PortugalSara Madeira IST - Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal

CMBS Program Committee

Alexessander Alves Imperial College, UKPaulo Azevedo University of Minho, PortugalChris Bystroff Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USAJoão Carriço IMM/FCUL - University of Lisbon, PortugalAlexandra Carvalho IT/IST - Technical University of Lisbon,

PortugalAndré Carvalho University of São Paulo, BrazilVı́tor Costa University of Porto, PortugalFrancisco Couto University of Lisbon, PortugalFernando Diaz University of Valladolid, SpainInês Dutra Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ,

BrazilFlorentino Fdez-Riverola University of Vigo, SpainNuno Fonseca EMBL-EBI, UKAlexandre Francisco IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalAna Teresa Freitas IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalDaniel Glez-Pena University of Vigo, SpainRoss King University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UKStefan Kramer Technische Universitat Munchen (TUM),

GermanyMarcelo Maraschin Federal University of Santa Catarina, BrazilSérgio Matos University of Aveiro, Portugal

XIV Organization

Rui Mendes University of Minho, PortugalLuis M. Rocha University of Indiana, USAMarie-France Sagot Inria Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard,

Lyon I, FranceMário Silva IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalJorge Vieira IBMC - University of Porto, PortugalSusana Vinga INESC-ID, Portugal

GAI Track Chairs

Lúıs Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLúıs Paulo Reis University of Minho, PortugalJosé Cascalho University of the Azores, Portugal

GAI Program Committee

Salvador Abreu University of Évora, PortugalJosé Júlio Alferes New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalCésar Analide University of Minho, PortugalLuis Antunes University of Lisbon, PortugalReyhan Aydogan Bogazici University, TurkeyJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, PortugalPedro Barahona New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalFernando Batista INESC, PortugalCarlos Bento University of Coimbra, PortugalLourdes Borrajo University of Vigo, SpainPavel Brazdil University of Porto, PortugalStefano Cagnoni University of Parma, ItalyPhilippe Caillou INRIA, FranceMiguel Calejo APPIA, PortugalRui Camacho University of Porto, PortugalAmı́lcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalMargarida Cardoso ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalJoão Carreia University of Coimbra, PortugalCarlos Carreto Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, PortugalAlexandra Carvalho IT/IST - Technical University of Lisbon,

PortugalAndré Carvalho University of São Paulo, BrazilCristiano Castelfranchi ISTC-CNR, ItalyGladys Castillo University of Aveiro, PortugalAntónio Castro TAP Air Portugal and LIACC, PortugalDaniel Castro Silva University of Coimbra, Portugal

Organization XV

Marc Cavazza University of Teesside, UKLuis Cavique University Aberta, PortugalHilmi Berk Celikoglu Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyHélder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalJuan Corchado University of Salamanca, SpainJoão Cordeiro University of Beira Interior, PortugalPaulo Cortez University of Minho, PortugalErnesto Costa CISUC - University of Coimbra, PortugalJosé Costa Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte -

UFRN, BrazilVı́tor Costa University of Porto, PortugalWalter Daelemans University of Antwerp, BelgiumEric de La Clergerie INRIA, FranceYves Demazeau Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble,

FranceGael Dias University of Caen, FranceFrank Dignum Utrecht University, The NetherlandsAntoine Doucet University of Caen, FranceAmal El Fallah Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University - UPMC,

FranceMark Embrechts Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USAAnna Esposito Second University of Naples, ItalyCarlos Ferreira ISEP - Polytechnic University of Porto,

PortugalJoão Gama University of Porto, PortugalAdriana Giret Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, SpainPaulo Gomes University of Coimbra, PortugalPaulo Gonçalves Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco,

PortugalGregory Grefenstette CEA, FranceAlejandro Guerra-Hernández University Veracruzana, MexicoJin-Kao Hao University of Angers, FranceSamer Hassan Complutense University of Madrid, SpainPedro Henriques University of Minho, PortugalEva Hudlicka Psychometrix Associates Blacksburg, USAJavier Jaen Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainAĺıpio Jorge University of Porto, PortugalVicente Julián Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainKostas Karpouzis ICCS, GreeceJoão Leite New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalAugusto Loureiro Da Costa Federal University of Bahia, BrazilJosé M. Molina University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainGonzalo Méndez Complutense University of Madrid, Spain

XVI Organization

Lúıs Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalPenousal Machado CISUC - University of Coimbra, PortugalJoão Magalhães New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalPedro Mariano University of Lisbon, PortugalAndré Martins IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalSérgio Matos University of Aveiro, PortugalNoboru Matsuda Carnegie Mellon University, USAJohn-Jules Meyer Utrecht University, The NetherlandsPedro Moreira Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo,

PortugalPaulo Moura Oliveira UTAD, PortugalAngélica Muñoz INAOE, MexicoJoão Neto University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Neves University of Minho, PortugalLúıs Nunes ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalArlindo Oliveira INESC-ID, PortugalEugénio Oliveira University of Porto, PortugalAndrea Omicini University of Bologna, ItalyFernando Osório University of São Paulo, BrazilAntonio Pereira University of Porto, PortugalJosé Gabriel Pereira Lopes New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalMikhail Prokopenko CSIRO ICT Centre, Australia

Paulo Quaresma University of Évora, PortugalCarlos Ramos Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalLuis M. Rocha University of Indiana, USA

Irene Rodrigues University of Évora, PortugalMichael Rovatsos University of Edinburgh, UKMiguel A. Salido Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, SpainDavid Sallach Argonne National Lab., University of Chicago,

USAManuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, PortugalSanem Sariel Talay Istanbul Technical University, TurkeySilvia Schiaffino Univ. Nac. del Centro de la Prov. Buenos Aires,

ArgentinaLuis Seabra Lopes University of Aveiro, PortugalJoaquim Silva New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalMarija Slavkovik University of Liverpool, UKArmando Sousa University of Porto, PortugalJordan Srour The American University of BeirutIsabelle Tellier Université Paris 3 – Sorbonne Nouvelle, FranceTakao Terano University of Tsukuba, JapanMichael Thielscher The University of New South Wales, UKPaolo Torroni University of Bologna, Italy

Organization XVII

Paulo Trigo ISEL - Lisbon Polytechnic Institute, PortugalLeonardo Trujillo Reyes Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, MexicoPaulo Urbano University of Lisbon, PortugalMarco Vala IST and INESC-ID, PortugalWamberto Vasconcelos University of Aberdeen, UKMatteo Vasirani EPFL, FranceManuela Veloso Carnegie Mellon University, USARosa Vicari Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilAline Villavicencio Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilNeil Yorke-Smith American University of Beirut, Lebanon

IROBOT Track Chairs

Nuno Lau University of Aveiro, PortugalAntónio Paulo Moreira University of Porto, PortugalCarlos Cardeira IST - Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal

IROBOT Program Committee

César Analide University of Minho, PortugalKai Arras University of Freiburg, GermanyStephen Balakirsky Nat. Inst. Stand. and Techn., USAReinaldo Bianchi University Center of FEI, BrazilCarlos Carreto Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, PortugalXiaoping Chen University of Science and Technology, ChinaLúıs Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalAlexandre da Silva Simões UNESP, BrazilJorge Dias University of Coimbra, PortugalMarco Dorigo Université Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumPaulo Gonçalves Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco,

PortugalJosé Luis Gordillo Tecnológico de Monterrey, MexicoAnna Helena Costa EPUSP, BrazilAxel Hessler TU Berlin, GermanyFumiya Iida ETHZ, SwitzerlandNicolas Jouandeau Université Paris 8, FranceAugusto Loureiro Da Costa Federal University of Bahia, BrazilAndré Marcato Federal University of Júız de Fora, BrazilLuis Moreno University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainLuis Mota ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalAngélica Muñoz INAOE, Mexico

XVIII Organization

António José Neves University of Aveiro, PortugalUrbano Nunes University of Coimbra, PortugalPaulo Oliveira Instituto Superior Técnico - University of

Lisbon, PortugalAnibal Ollero University of Seville, SpainFernando Osório University of São Paulo, BrazilArmando J. Pinho University of Aveiro, PortugalDaniel Polani University of Hertfordshire, UKMikhail Prokopenko CSIRO ICT Centre, AustraliaLúıs Paulo Reis University of Minho, PortugalJosemar Rodrigues de Souza University of Estado da Bahia, BrazilSanem Sariel Talay Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyAndré Scolari Federal University of Bahia, BrazilLuis Seabra Lopes University of Aveiro, PortugalSaeed Shiry Ghidary Amirkabir University, IranArmando Sousa University of Porto, PortugalGuy Theraulaz CRCA, FranceFlavio Tonidandel University Center of FEI, BrazilPaulo Urbano University of Lisbon, PortugalManuela Veloso Carnegie Mellon University, USA

KDBI Track Chairs

Paulo Cortez University of Minho, PortugalLúıs Cavique University Aberta, PortugalJoão Gama University of Porto, PortugalNuno Marques New University of Lisbon, PortugalManuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, Portugal

KDBI Program Committee

António Abelha University of Minho, PortugalCarlos Alzate KU Leuven, BelgiumFernando Bacao New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalKarin Becker Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilOrlando Belo University of Minho, PortugalAlbert Bifet University of Waikato, New ZealandAgnes Braud University Robert Schuman, FranceRui Camacho University of Porto, PortugalMargarida Cardoso ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalAndré Carvalho University of São Paulo, BrazilGladys Castillo University of Aveiro, Portugal

Organization XIX

Pedro Castillo-Ugr University of Granada, SpainNing Chen Institute of Engineering of Porto, PortugalJosé Costa Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte -

UFRN, BrazilMarcos Domingues University of São Paulo, BrazilMark Embrechts Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USACarlos Ferreira ISEP - Polytechnic University of Porto,

PortugalMohamed Gaber University of Portsmouth, UKPaulo Gomes University of Coimbra, PortugalAĺıpio Jorge University of Porto, PortugalStéphane Lallich University Lyon 2, FranceLuis Lamb Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilPhillipe Lenca Telecom Bretagne, FranceStefan Lessmann University of Hamburg, GermanyJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalArmando Mendes University of the Azores, PortugalFilipe Pinto Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalBernardete Ribeiro University of Coimbra, PortugalFátima Rodrigues Institute of Engineering of Porto, PortugalJoaquim Silva New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalMurate Testik Hacettepe University, TurkeyAline Villavicencio Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilLeandro Krug Wives Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilYanchang Zhao Australia Government, Australia

MASTA Track Chairs

Paulo Trigo ISEL - Lisbon Polytechnic Institute, PortugalAntónio Pereira University of Porto, PortugalDaniel Castro Silva University of Coimbra, PortugalManuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, Portugal

MASTA Program Committee

Pedro Abreu University of Coimbra, PortugalDiana Adamatti Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG,

BrazilCésar Analide University of Minho, PortugalLúıs Antunes University of Lisbon, PortugalReyhan Aydogan Bogazici University, Turkey

XX Organization

Javier Bajo Pérez Pontifical University of Salamanca, SpainJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, Portugal

Olivier Boissier École Nationale Supérieure des Mines deSaint-étienne, France

Lúıs Botelho ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,Portugal

Juan Burgillo University of Vigo, SpainJavier Carbó Universidad Carlos III Madrid, SpainAmı́lcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalCristiano Castelfranchi ISTC-CNR, ItalyAntónio Castro TAP Air Portugal and LIACC, PortugalHélder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalLúıs Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalYves Demazeau Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble,

FranceFrank Dignum Utrecht University, The NetherlandsVirginia Dignum Delft University of Technology,

The NetherlandsGraçaliz Dimuro Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG,

BrazilAmal El Fallah Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University - UPMC,

FranceAlberto Fernández University Rey Juan Carlos, SpainNicoletta Fornara USI - Università della Svizzera italiana,

SwitzerlandAlejandro Guerra-Hernández University Veracruzana, MexicoJomi Hübner Federal University of Santa Catarina, BrazilWojtek Jamroga University of LuxembourgAnders Jonsson Universitat Pompeu Fabra, SpainNuno Lau University of Aveiro, PortugalJoão Leite New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalFernando Lopes LNEG, PortugalHenrique Lopes Cardoso University of Porto, PortugalJörg Müller Clausthal University of Technology, GermanyLúıs Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalPenousal Machado University of Coimbra, PortugalPedro Mariano University of Lisbon, PortugalCarlos Martinho IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalJohn-Jules Meyer Utrecht University, The NetherlandsLúıs Moniz University of Lisbon, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalEugénio Oliveira University of Porto, Portugal

Organization XXI

Andrea Omicini University of Bologna, ItalySantiago Ontañón Villar IIIA-CSIC, SpainLúıs Paulo Reis University of Minho, PortugalAna Paula Rocha University of Porto, PortugalAntónio Rocha Costa Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilJuan Antonio Rodriguez IIIA-CSIC, SpainRosaldo Rossetti University of Porto, PortugalJordi Sabater-Mir IIIA-CSIC, SpainMarija Slavkovik University of Liverpool, UKJordan Srour The American University of BeirutPaolo Torroni University of Bologna, ItalyJoana Urbano Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, PortugalPaulo Urbano University of Lisbon, PortugalWamberto Vasconcelos University of Aberdeen, UKMatteo Vasirani EPFL, France

Laurent Vercouter École Nationale Supérieure des Mines deSaint-étienne, France

Matt Webster University of Liverpool, UKNeil Yorke-Smith American University of Beirut, Lebanon

SSM Track Chairs

Luis Antunes University of Lisbon, PortugalJaime Sichman University of São Paulo, BrazilJorge Louçã ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalMaciej Latek George Mason University, USA

SSM Program Committee

Frederic Amblard University Toulouse 1, FrancePedro Andrade INPE, BrazilJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, PortugalPedro Campos FEUP - University of Porto, PortugalAmı́lcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalCristiano Castelfranchi ISTC-CNR, ItalyShu-Heng Chen National Chengchi University, ChinaHélder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalNuno David ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon,

PortugalPaul Davidsson Blekinge Institute of Technology, SwedenJulie Dugdale Grenoble Informatics Laboratory (LIG), France

XXII Organization

Nigel Gilbert University of Surrey, UKNick Gotts Macaulay Institute, UKDeffuant Guillaume Cemagref, FranceSamer Hassan Complutense University of Madrid, SpainRainer Hegselmann University of Bayreuth, GermanyCesareo Hernandez University of Valladolid, SpainWander Jager University of Groningen, The NetherlandsPedro Magalhães ICS - University of Lisbon, PortugalJean-Pierre Muller CIRAD, FranceAkira Namatame National Defense Academy, JapanJuan Pavón Complutense University of Madrid, SpainJuliette Rouchier Greqam/CNRS, FranceJordi Sabater-Mir IIIA-CSIC, SpainDavid Sallach Argonne National Lab., University of Chicago,

USAKeith Sawyer Washington University St. Louis, USAOswaldo Teran University of Los Andes, ColombiaTakao Terano University of Tsukuba, JapanJosé Tribolet IST - Technical University of Lisbon, PortugalKlaus Troitzsch University of Koblenz, GermanyHarko Verhagen Stockholm University, SwedenNanda Wijermans Stockholm University, Sweden

TEMA Track Chairs

Joaquim Silva New University of Lisbon, PortugalVitor Rocio University Aberta, PortugalGaël Dias University of Caen Basse-Normandie, FranceJosé Gabriel Pereira Lopes New University of Lisbon, Portugal

TEMA Program Committee

Helena Ahonen-Myka University of Helsinki, FinlandJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, PortugalFernando Batista INESC, PortugalMohand Boughanem University of Toulouse III, FranceAntónio Branco University of Lisbon, PortugalPavel Brazdil University of Porto, PortugalRicardo Campos Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, PortugalGuillaume Cleuziou University of Orléans, FranceJoão Cordeiro University of Beira Interior, Portugal

Organization XXIII

Bruno Cremilleux University of Caen, FranceFrancisco Da Camara Pereira University of Coimbra, PortugalWalter Daelemans University of Antwerp, BelgiumEric de La Clergerie INRIA, FranceAntoine Doucet University of Caen, FranceElena Elloret University of Alicante, SpainMarcelo Finger University of São Paulo, BrazilPablo Gamallo University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainBrigitte Grau CNRS-LIMSI, FranceGregory Grefenstette CEA, FranceDiana Inkpen University of Helsinki, FinlandAdam Jatowt University of Kyoto, JapanNattiya Kanhabua University of Hannover, GermanyZornitsa Kozareva Information Sciences Institute,

Univ. Southern California, USAMark Lee University of Birmingham, UKJoão Magalhães New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalBelinda Maia University of Porto, PortugalNuno Marques New University of Lisbon - UNL, PortugalAndré Martins IST - Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal

Paulo Quaresma University of Évora, Portugal

Irene Rodrigues University of Évora, PortugalSriparna Saha Indian Institute of Technology Patna, IndiaAntonio Sanfilippo Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USAIsabelle Tellier Université Paris 3 – Sorbonne Nouvelle, FranceManuel Vilares Ferro University of Vigo, SpainAline Villavicencio Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul -

UFRGS, BrazilKaterzyna Wegrzyn-Wolska ESIGETEL, FrancePierre Zweigenbaum CNRS-LIMSI, France

Additional Reviewers

Alexandre Miguel PintoAmir H. RazaviAna LopesAntonio GoncalvesBaris GokceBŕıgida Mónica FariaDaniel Cabrera-PaniaguaEliseo FerranteGuibing GuoGustavo PessinIsabel Moreno

Jie JiangJoão CunhaJoão SilvaJonathan de Andrade SilvaJose A. MocholiLea CanalesLuca ManzoniLúıs NunesLúıs SantosMaksims FiosinsMarco Nobile

XXIV Organization

Matthias KnorrMilagros Fernández GavilanesNuno GonçalvesNuno LaranjeiroPaolo CazzanigaPedro TorresRafael Ferrari

Rui PradaRui GomesSara SilveiraTiago Trindade RibeiroVictor DarribaZhe Zhao

Table of Contents

Ambient Intelligence and Affective Environments

Studying Stress on e-Learning Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Davide Carneiro, Sérgio Gonçalves, Paulo Novais, and José Neves

Multi-agent System for Controlling a Cloud Computing Environment . . . 13Fernando de la Prieta, Maŕıa Navarro, Jose A. Garćıa,Roberto González, and Sara Rodŕıguez

Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems

Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict the Impact ofTraffic Emissions on Human Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Tânia Fontes, Lúıs M. Silva, Sérgio R. Pereira, andMargarida C. Coelho

Outdoor Vacant Parking Space Detector for Improving Mobility inSmart Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Carmen Bravo, Nuria Sánchez, Noa Garćıa, andJosé Manuel Menéndez

Paying the Price of Learning Independently in Route Choice . . . . . . . . . . 42Ana L.C. Bazzan

On Predicting the Taxi-Passenger Demand: A Real-Time Approach . . . . 54Luis Moreira-Matias, João Gama, Michel Ferreira,João Mendes-Moreira, and Luis Damas

Artificial Life and Evolutionary Algorithms

An Ecosystem Based Model for Real-Time Generative Animation ofHumanoid Non-Player Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Rui Filipe Antunes and Frederic Fol Leymarie

An Efficient Implementation of Geometric Semantic GeneticProgramming for Anticoagulation Level Prediction inPharmacogenetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Mauro Castelli, Davide Castaldi, Ilaria Giordani, Sara Silva,Leonardo Vanneschi, Francesco Archetti, and Daniele Maccagnola

Dynamics of Neuronal Models in Online Neuroevolution of RoboticControllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Fernando Silva, Lúıs Correia, and Anders Lyhne Christensen

XXVI Table of Contents

Evolving an Harmonic Number Generator with ReNCoDe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Rui L. Lopes and Ernesto Costa

GPU-Based Automatic Configuration of Differential Evolution:A Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Roberto Ugolotti, Pablo Mesejo, Youssef S.G. Nashed, andStefano Cagnoni

Structure-Based Constants in Genetic Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Christian B. Veenhuis

Computational Methods in Bioinformatics andSystems Biology

Class Imbalance in the Prediction of Dementia from NeuropsychologicalData . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Cećılia Nunes, Dina Silva, Manuela Guerreiro,Alexandre de Mendonça, Alexandra M. Carvalho, andSara C. Madeira

A Noise Removal Algorithm for Time Series Microarray Data . . . . . . . . . . 152Naresh Doni Jayavelu and Nadav Bar

General Artificial Intelligence

An Associative State-Space Metric for Learning in Factored MDPs . . . . . 163Pedro Sequeira, Francisco S. Melo, and Ana Paiva

A Distributed Approach to Diagnosis Candidate Generation . . . . . . . . . . . 175Nuno Cardoso and Rui Abreu

Probabilistic Vector Machine: Scalability through ClusteringHybridization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Mihai Cimpoeşu, Andrei Sucilă, and Henri Luchian

Resource Constrained Project Scheduling with General PrecedenceRelations Optimized with SAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Rui Alves, Filipe Alvelos, and Sérgio Dinis Sousa

A Statistical Binary Classifier: Probabilistic Vector Machine . . . . . . . . . . . 211Mihai Cimpoeşu, Andrei Sucilă, and Henri Luchian

Towards Practical Tabled Abduction in Logic Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223Ari Saptawijaya and Lúıs Moniz Pereira

Table of Contents XXVII

Intelligent Robotics

Aerial Ball Perception Based on the Use of a Single PerspectiveCamera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

João Silva, Mário Antunes, Nuno Lau, António J.R. Neves, andLúıs Seabra Lopes

Loop Closure Detection with a Holistic Image Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Francisco M. Campos, Lúıs Correia, and João M.F. Calado

Increasing Illumination Invariance of SURF Feature Detector throughColor Constancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Marcelo R. Petry, António Paulo Moreira, and Lúıs Paulo Reis

Intelligent Wheelchair Manual Control Methods: A Usability Study byCerebral Palsy Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Bŕıgida Mónica Faria, Lúıs Miguel Ferreira, Lúıs Paulo Reis,Nuno Lau, and Marcelo Petry

Omnidirectional Walking and Active Balance for Soccer HumanoidRobot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Nima Shafii, Abbas Abdolmaleki, Rui Ferreira, Nuno Lau, andLúıs Paulo Reis

Online SLAM Based on a Fast Scan-Matching Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Eurico Pedrosa, Nuno Lau, and Artur Pereira

Towards Extraction of Topological Maps from 2D and 3D OccupancyGrids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Filipe Neves Santos, António Paulo Moreira, andPaulo Cerqueira Costa

Trajectory Planning and Stabilization for Formations Acting inDynamic Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

Martin Saska, Vojtěch Spurný, and Libor Přeučil

Knowledge Discovery and Business Intelligence

Clustering and Selecting Categorical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331Cláudia Silvestre, Margarida Cardoso, and Mário Figueiredo

Monitoring the Habits of Elderly People through Data Mining fromHome Automation Devices Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Julie Soulas, Philippe Lenca, and André Thépaut

On the Predictability of Stock Market Behavior Using StockTwitsSentiment and Posting Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Nuno Oliveira, Paulo Cortez, and Nelson Areal

XXVIII Table of Contents

Predicting the Future Impact of Academic Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366Carolina Bento, Bruno Martins, and Pável Calado

SMOTE for Regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378Lúıs Torgo, Rita P. Ribeiro, Bernhard Pfahringer, and Paula Branco

(TD)2PaM: A Constraint-Based Algorithm for Mining TemporalPatterns in Transactional Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390

Śılvia Moura Pina and Cláudia Antunes

Multi-Agent Systems: Theory and Applications

Distributed Coalition Structure Generation with Positive and NegativeExternalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408

Daniel Epstein and Ana L.C. Bazzan

Enhancing Agent Metamodels with Self-management for AmIEnvironments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

Inmaculada Ayala, Mercedes Amor Pinilla, and Lidia Fuentes

Jason Intentional Learning: An Operational Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432Carlos Alberto González-Alarcón, Francisco Grimaldo, andAlejandro Guerra-Hernández

SAT-Based Bounded Model Checking for Weighted Deontic InterpretedSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

Bożena Woźna-Szcześniak

Social Simulation and Modelling

Dynamics of Relative Agreement in Multiple Social Contexts . . . . . . . . . . 456Davide Nunes, Luis Antunes, and Frederic Amblard

The Social Meaning of Physical Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468Frank Dignum, Virginia Dignum, and Catholijn M. Jonker

Towards an Agent Based Modeling: The Prediction and Prevention ofthe Spread of the Drywood Termite Cryptotermes brevis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480

Orlando Guerreiro, Miguel Ferreira, José Cascalho, andPaulo Borges

Text Mining and Applications

Automatic Extraction of Explicit and Implicit Keywords to BuildDocument Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

João Ventura and Joaquim Silva

Table of Contents XXIX

Compact and Fast Indexes for Translation Related Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504Jorge Costa, Lúıs Gomes, Gabriel P. Lopes, Lúıs M.S. Russo, andNieves R. Brisaboa

Using Clusters of Concepts to Extract Semantic Relations fromStandalone Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

João Ventura and Joaquim Silva

Rule Induction for Sentence Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528João Cordeiro, Gaël Dias, and Pavel Brazdil

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541

A Noise Removal Algorithm for Time Series Microarray Data . . . . . . . . . .Naresh Doni Jayavelu and Nadav Bar

E1

Erratum